高考英语完形填空解题指导-夹叙夹议文突破.doc

夹叙夹议文突破夹叙夹议就是一方面叙述某一事情，一方面又对此事加以分析与评论。这种表达方式中的叙与议是一个有机的整体，“叙”是“议”的基础，即议论不能脱离记叙，必须在记叙的基础上展开；“议”是“叙”的渗透，即议论在记叙的基础上发表，且要有一定的深度与广度。解答夹叙夹议类完形填空题时，思维要有灵活性，要随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。请看下面的例题。（一） Is the world really going mad? 1._day I was sittng in a restaurant 2._ a quick drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 3._ me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasnt long 4._ the whole room was 5._ with smoke. I asked with an apology for 6._ to open a window to stop myself 7._! Nowadays air pollution is something that hardly question any more. However, I still cant walk down the street in any of the big cities without 8._ that people are 9._ the air pollution. It is time for the government departments of the world to introduce emission(废气排放) controls on all cars and 10._ the public transport system(公共交通体系) to encourage people to 11._ their cars at home. A friend of mine takes flying lesson each morning and it really makes him 12._ when he climbs above the smog layer(烟雾) and looks down 13._ it and thinks: “Im breathing that!” This kind of 14._ results from the bad management of resources. Waste things can 15._ should, be treated properly. House building, road 16._, and industrial development are all earthmoving(or earth-reducing) operations and can change the balances of 17._ created over millions of years. I would like to 18._serious studies done on all these main works before they are built. Also, there should be 19._ national parks set up to keep the most beautiful parts of our countries in their natural 20._.1.A.The other B. Another C. Every D. Each2.A.asking for B. drinking C. having D. buying 3.A.seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed 4.A.ago B. after C. before D. now5.A.full B. filled C. crowed D. parked6.A.promise B. help C. suggestion D. permission7.A.standing B. sitting C. talking D. dying8.A.thinking B. persuading C. deciding D. learning9.A.suffering B. dying C. walking D. standing10.A.increase B. reduce C. improve D. raise11.A.wash B. repair C. drive D. leave12.A. sick B. tired C. foolish D. excited13.A.on B. at C. from D. for14.A.discussion B. question C. pollution D. operation15.A.but B. yet C. still D. and16.A.work B. construction C. building D. setting17.A.life B. mind C. human being D. plants18.A.see B. start C. enjoy D. pay19.A.few B. any C. more D. no20.A.situation B. states C. soils D. places （上海夏季高考题）内容概要:作者通过生活中所遭受的烟雾的侵扰,联想到了污染的危害性，进而呼吁国家应大力采取措施来保护环境,尽力使其处于自然状态。答案简析:1、选A。the other day意为“几天前”，可以用作状语。 2、选C。四个选项中只有have可以同时后接a drink和a talk这样两个宾语。3、选B。it 为形式主语,that从句为真主语从句,全句意为“餐馆里几乎每个人都在抽烟,此事突然引起了我的注意”。A、C不能接人，应予排除，show表示人为地展示给他人看，在此不合语境。4、选C。it is not long before 是一个句型，表示没过多久就，由此可以看出烟雾之大。 5、选B。根据意义和搭配不难选定。 6、选D。ask for permission意为“请求允许”,其他三个选项不合逻辑。7、选D。这里有点夸张的味道，从句末的感叹号上也能体会出作者当时的心情。 8、选A。这里的双重否定表示“一上街就自然地”。B、C、D三项明显不合逻辑。 9、选A。从词语搭配角度考虑。 10、选C。只有真正地“改善了公共交通系统，才能使市民弃用私车”。 11、选D。目的就是要鼓励人们把车“停放”在家中。12、选A。由于高空中的烟雾,作者朋友在上飞行课时自然会感到身体，尤其是眼睛不舒服，由作者朋友的心理活动Im breathing that也可作出这种推断。13、选B。在高处向下看物体应用look down at sth。14、选C。空中的烟雾应该视作一种“污染”。 15、选B。此处为递进关系，表示“能且应该”，故用and。 16、选D。道路应用“建设(construction)”。building表示房屋的“建筑”，应排除。 17、选A。另三个选项不能概全。 18、选A。这里表达的是作者的一种愿望。19、选C。作者意思是指要通过建公园来保护环境。根据意义不难排除另三个选项。 20、选B。保持自然状态以用states为好。（二） Looking back on my children, I am convinced(确信) 1_ naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought 2_ in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon gave up their pressed flowers（压花）and insects. 3_ them, I had no ear 4_music and languages, I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.Before World War I we 5_ our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the memory of the house we lived 6_, of my room and my toys. 7_ do I recall（回想起）clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered 8_ door. But I do have a clear memory of the dogs, the farm 9_, the local birds and, 10_all, the insects.I am a 11_, not a scientist. I have a strong 12_ of natural world, and my enthusiasm(热情) has led me into varied investigation(调查). I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy 13_ the midnight oil 14_ reading about other peoples observations and discoveries. Then 15_ happens that brings these observations together 16_ my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy(想象) , you see the answer 17_ the riddle, and books, of which some might honor with the title of scientific research.But curiosity（好奇）, a keen（锐利的）eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential(基本的)18_ required is self-discipline(自律), a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only 19_ but hard training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is 20_. If you can combine（使混合）the two, you get the best of both worlds.1.A.it B. that C. what D. of2.A.out B. about C. up D. back3.A.Unlike B. Like C. With D. Against4.A.of B. at C. to D. for5.A.spent B. purchased C. wounded D. burnt6.A.out B. in C. with D. together7.A.So B. Such C. Nor D. No8.A.near B. next C. far D. little9.A.products B. animals C. fields D. skies10.A.over B. on C. above D. across11.A.naturalist B. philosopher C. chemist D. mathematician12.A.wish B. eagerness C. imagination D. love13.A burning B. making C. hunting D. turning 14.A.as if B. while C. though D. after15.A.somewhat B. someone C. somewhere D. something16.A.of B. on C. to D. over17.A. of B. on C. to D. at18.A.qualities B. games C. activities D. desires19.A.self-contained B. self-discipline C. self-centred D. self-governed20.A.made B. born C. produced D. found 内容概要：作者通过自己成长的过程，热爱自然的经历，阐明了这样一种见解：博物学家是天生的，而不是后天造就的。 答案简析：1、选B。Im convinced that相当于Im sure that，that引起一个表语从句。 2、选C。bring up意为“抚养，培养”。 3、选A。前后形成对比。 4、选D。have no ear for意为“对听觉不灵敏”，have no ear to意为“对不留神”。根据上下文应用前者。 5、选A。根据词语搭配关系选定。 6、选B。根据词语搭配关系选定。 7、选C。由上文的only和下文的but可以推知此处用否定。 8、选B。作者家人的居室肯定紧挨着作者的居室。 9、选B。这里列举的都是动物。 10、选C。根据意义和词语搭配选定。 11、选A。切合文章主题。 12、选D。这是博物学家应有的情怀。13、选A。 burn the midnight oil，意为“夜里点着油灯在看书”。 14、选B。前后两个动作同时发生。 15、选D。这是倒装句，that引起的从句作定语，修饰something。 16、选C。从习惯搭配角度考虑。 17、选C。the answer to是习惯搭配。 18、选A。后面的同位结构重现了该词。 19、选B。内容上承接上文。 20、选B。这与开头第一句话呼应：naturalists are born and not made。（三） The 1_ picked up the thermos and poured some hot water into the tea-cup and placed it on the small table in front of his 2_, who were a father and daughter, and put the lid on the cup with a clink. Obviously 3_ of something, he hurried into the inner room, leaving the 4 _ on the table. His two guests heard a box of drawers opening and a rustling(飒飒地响). They 5 _ sitting in the living-room, the 10-year-old daughter, looking at the flowers outside the window. The father was just about to take his cup when the 6 _ came, right there in the living room. Something was hopelessly broken. It was the thermos, which had fallen to the floor. The girl looked 7 _ her shoulder at once, startled(吓一跳), 8_. It was 9 _.Neither of them had touched it, not even a little bit. The sound caused the host to rush back from the inner room. He looked at the 10_ floor and blurted out（脱口而出）, “It doesnt matter, it doesnt matter!”The father started to say something. Then he muttered（嘀咕）, “ Sorry, I 11_ it and it fell.”“It doesnt matter,” the host said.Later, when they left the house the daughter said, “Daddy, I saw your 12 _ in the windowpane(玻璃窗). You were sitting perfectly13_. Why did you say?”The father 14_, “What then would you 15_ as the cause of its fall?”“It fell by itself. The floor is uneven(不平). It wasnt steady when Mr Li put it there.”“It wont 16_, girl. It sounds more 17_ when I say I knocked it down. There are things people accept less the more you 18_them. The truer your story is, the less true it sounds.”The daughter was 19_ in silence for a while. Then she said, “Can you 20_ it only this way?”“Only this way,” the father said.1.A.owner B. host C. guest D. master2.A.friends B. neighbors C. children D. guests3.A.knowing B. remembering C. hearing D. thinking4.A.thermos B. cup C. lid D. tea5.A.enjoyed B. remained C. imagined D. hated6.A.stranger B. host C. crash D. noise 7.A.around B. at C. behind D. over8.A.staring B. watching C. shouting D. crying9.A.helpless B. exciting C. strange D. terrible10.A.broken B. streaming C. dirty D. flooded11.A.touched B. used C. hit D. moved12.A.faced B. shadow C. reflection D. action13.A.calm B. still C. silent D. straight14.A.shouted B. murmured C. laughed D. repeated15.A. tell B. make C. accept D. give16.A.do B. help C. go D. fit17.A.comfortable B. friendly C. acceptable D. agreeable18.A.defend B. support C. discuss D. argue19.A.kept B. shut C. worried D. lost20.A.do B. explain C. make D. manage内容概要：本文中的父亲通过水瓶自爆这一件事情，向女儿阐明了这样一个道理：有些事情解释得越清楚，别人听起来就越不相信。 答案简析：1、选B。由第10空前那句话可知，拿水瓶倒茶后进入内室的是主人(host)。 2、选D。相对于host而言。第4个空格后又再现了这一信息。 3、选D。突然想起了什么事情，又匆忙跑进内屋，用think of表示“想起来”。此空可以根据行文逻辑和词语搭配关系选定。 4、选A。上下呼应。从下面的水瓶掉下地，打碎来推测，水瓶是放在桌子上。另前文的place it on the small table也暗示了这一点。 5、选B。与主人的“离开”形成对比，客人“仍旧”坐在那儿。6、选C。通过下文得知，是水瓶爆了所发出的爆炸应用“crash”。由第8空后的sound一词也可得到启发。 7、选D。look over ones shoulder意为“回过头看”，合乎文意。 8、选A。“叫”“哭”有可能发生在水瓶爆裂的时侯，不可能发生在事后，故排除C、D。惊讶时会“盯着看”，合乎常情。 9、选C。因为没人碰过水瓶，所以事情有点“蹊跷”。 10、选B。水瓶炸裂，流出热水，自然会冒出蒸气，故用“steaming”。A、D两个选项不太可能出现。 11、选A。由第17空后的knock it down推知。 12、选C。因为女儿原是向窗外看的，所以透过窗户玻璃看到的是父亲的“影像”，故用reflection。 13、选B。指身体的纹丝不动用still，指没有声音用silent,指心平气和用calm，这里显然指身体的未动。straight较为片面，应舍去。 14、选C。laugh（笑着说）表明了父亲的睿智。 15、选D。give此处表示“给出理由”。 16、选A。此处do为vi，意为“起作用”，help没有do蕴含丰富。 17、选C。由行文逻辑和空格后的accept推定。 18、选A。defend sth. 意为“为而辩解”。全句意为：你越辩解，别人越不相信。 19、选D。父亲讲得玄乎，女儿听得似懂非懂，be lost意为“迷茫”。 20、选B。上文中父亲对水瓶爆裂原因的叙述就是一种“解释”。do和manage 也说得通，但意义较为笼统，不及explain含义准确。（四）One summer night, on my way home from work I decided to see a movie. I knew the theatre would be air-conditioned and I couldnt face my 1_ apartment. Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the 2_between the two tall heads in front of me. I had to keep changing the 3_every time she leaned over to talk to him. 4_ he leaned over to kiss her. Why do Americans display such 5_ in a public place? I thought the movie would be good for my English, but 6_ it turned out, it was an Italian movie. 7_ about an hour I decided to give up on the movie and 8_ on my popcorn. Ive never understood why they give you so much popcorn! It tasted pretty good, 9_. Afetr a while I heard 10_ more of the romantic-sounding Italians. I just heard the 11_ of the popcorn crunching(咀嚼) between my teeth. My thought started to 12 _. I remembered when I was in South Korea, I 13 _ to watch Kojak on TV frequently. He spoke perfect Korean-I was really amazed. He seemed like a good friend to me, 14_I saw him again in NewYork speaking 15_English instead of perfect Korean. He didnt even have a Korean accent and I 16_like I had been betrayed(背叛). When our family moved to the United States six years ago, none of us spoke any English. 17_we had begun to learn a few words, my mother suggested that we all should speak English at home. Everyone agreed, but our house became very 18_ and we all seemed to avoid each other. We sat at the dinner table in silence, preferring that to 19_ in a difficult language. Mother tried to say something in English but it 20_ out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget it! Weve been speaking Korean at home ever since.1.A.warm B. hot C. heated D. cool2.A.crack B. blank C. break D. opening3.A.seat B. view C. space D. angle4.A.while B. whenever C. or D. and5.A.attraction B. attention C. affection D. motion6.A.since B. when C. what D. as7.A.Within B. After C. For D. Over8.A.set B. chew C. fix D. taste9.A.too B. still C. though D. certainly10.A.much B. any C. no D. few11A.voice B. sound C. rhythm