Autocad自定义线型设置.doc

AutoCAD提供了两个线型文件，即AutoCAD主文件夹的“SUPPORT”子文件夹中的“acad.lin”和“acadiso.lin”，分别在使用样板文件“acad.dwt”和“acadiso.dwt”创建文件时被调用。这两个文件中定义的线型种类相同，区别仅在于线型的尺寸略有不同。以“acad.lin”文件为例来介绍线型的定义和定制，该文件中定义了45种不同的线型，其中包括14种ISO线型和7种复杂线型，其余24种简单线型又可分为8组，每组线型的样式相同而线段长度和间隔不同。例如，“DASHED2”和“DASHEDX2”线型的线段长度和间隔分别为“DASHED”线型的0.5倍和2倍。 线型的定义1. 线型定义格式线型定义由标题行和模式行两部分组成。 (1) 标题行：由线型名称和线型描述组成，标题行以“*”为开始标记，线型名称和描述由逗号分开，其格式为： *linetype-name , description(*线型名称,线型描述) (2) 模式行：由对齐码和线型规格说明组成，中间由逗号分开，其格式为： alignment,patdesc-1,patdesc-2, .(对齐码,线型规格说明) 例如：在acad.lin文件中对BORDER(边界线)的定义如下： 其中对齐码“A”表示该线型采用两端对齐方式，目前AutoCAD仅支持这一种对齐方式。 2. 简单线型的定义简单线型是由短划线(Dash)、点(Dot)和空格(Space)组合而成。在简单线型的规格说明中，正数表示其值为长度的短划线，负数表示其绝对值为长度的空格，0表示点。例如在BORDER的规格说明“A，.5，-.25，.5，-.25，0，-.25”中，.5表示0.5个单位长的短划线，-.25表示0.25个单位长的空格，0表示一个点。 3. 复杂线型的定义复杂线型是在简单线型中嵌入符号、字符串或形（关于形的详细介绍见第33章）等其它元素而成的。如图32-1所示。 (1) 在线型规格说明中嵌入文字的格式为： string,style,R=n1,A=n2,S=n3,X=n5,Y=n6 其中： “string”：嵌入的文字，须用双引号括起来。 style：嵌入文字所用的文字样式名。 R：嵌入文字相对于画线方向的倾斜角度。 A：嵌入文字相对于WCS坐标系中X轴正向的倾斜角度。 S：嵌入文字的比例因子。 X：嵌入文字在画线方向上的偏移量。 Y：嵌入文字在画线方向的垂向上的偏移量。 例如：在acad.lin文件中对“GAS_LINE”线型的定义如下： *GAS_LINE,Gas line -GAS-GAS-GAS-GAS-GAS-GAS- A,.5,-.2,GAS,STANDARD,S=.1,R=0.0,X=-0.1,Y=-.05,-.25 (2) 在线型规格说明中嵌入形的格式为： shape,shape file,R=n1,A=n2,S=n3,X=n5,Y=n6 其中： ? shape：嵌入的形。 ? shape file：嵌入形所在的形文件，该文件应在AutoCAD的系统路径中。 ? R、A、S、X、Y的意义同上。 例如：在acad.lin文件中对“GAS_LINE”线型的定义如下： *FENCELINE2,Fenceline square - A,.25,-.1,BOX,ltypeshp.shx,x=-.1,s=.1,-.1,1 线型的创建和修改通过前面的学习已经了解了线型是如何定义和保存的，在此基础上对标准线型进行修改或自己创建新的线型。在AutoCAD 2002中提供了“-Linetype”命令对线型进行各种操作。现在就使用该命令在AutoCAD环境下创建一个新的线型和线型文件。 实例1 创建“INTERVAL”线型(1) 运行AutoCAD 2002，在命令行输入：-linetype，AutoCAD在命令行提示： Enter an option?/Create/Load/Set:C Enter Enter name of linetype to create: INTERVAL Enter 此时，AutoCAD弹出“Create or Append Linetype File”对话框，如图32-2所示。 (2) 在“Create or Append Linetype File”对话框中输入线型文件名“user.lin”，并按下Save键返回。此时系统创建并打开了一个新的线型文件“user.lin”； (3) 命令行提示用户输入描述文本和线型模式： Descriptive text: Interval _ ._. _ ._. _ ._. _ ._. Enter Enter linetype pattern (on next line): A,1,-.125,0,-.125,.25,-.125,0,-.125 Enter New linetype definition saved to file. Enter an option ?/Create/Load/Set: Enter 实际上，由于线型文件是ASCII格式的，因此用户可以在AutoCAD环境外使用任一文本编辑器直接打开或创建线型文件，并对其内容进行补充和修改。 实例2 创建“ARROW”线型(1) 使用Windows附件中的“记事本”程序打开由实例一创建的“user.lin”文件。 (2) 在该文件中添加如下内容，如图32-3所示。 *Arrow,Arrow - A,.25,-.05,STANDARD,S=.1,R=0.0,X=-.1,Y=-.05,-.1 (3) 进入AutoCAD 2002，载入线型文件“user.lin”，即可使用该文件中定义的“INTERVAL”和“ARROW”线型，图32-4显示了使用这两种线型的例子。 说明使用“-linetype”命令，如果该线型己在库文件中存在，则系统会提示用户该线型已经在库文件中定义，并询问用户是否重新定义。用户可对其重新定义来实现对已有线型的修改。 绘图中有两个比例要设置1.格式-标注样式-修改-调整-使用全局比例 这里设置的作用：主要是为你在图框中绘图的大小与图框的显示，比如你用缩小比例1：10，就可以在调整-使用全局比例改为10，像你在CAD中绘图中，比如一直线的长度1000mm，我们画时一般都会用缩小比例呢，就可以改使用全局比例。把它改为10（假设），这样你在绘图中输入直线长度1000就可以在自己指定的地方显示出来。大概就是这个意思。 2.格式-线型-全局比例因子。它的作用：目的是控制线段的长短、线段之间间隙的大小。比如你在画中心线时，它在绘图中显示像直线一样，你就可以在全局比例因子中，把它改小，或改大。这样以便我们可以清楚的看出它是一条中心线。 ; AutoCAD ISO Linetype Definition file; Version 2.0; Copyright (C) 1996-2008 by Autodesk, Inc. All Rights Reserved.; Note: in order to ease migration of this file when upgrading ; to a future version of AutoCAD, it is recommended that you add; your customizations to the User Defined Linetypes section at the; end of this file.; customized for ISO scaling;*BORDER,Border _ _ . _ _ . _ _ . _ _ . _ _ .A, 12.7, -6.35, 12.7, -6.35, 0, -6.35 *BORDER2,Border (.5x) _._._._._._._._._._._.A, 6.35, -3.175, 6.35, -3.175, 0, -3.175 *BORDERX2,Border (2x) _ _ . _ _ . _A, 25.4, -12.7, 25.4, -12.7, 0, -12.7 *CENTER,Center _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A, 31.75, -6.35, 6.35, -6.35 *CENTER2,Center (.5x) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A, 19.05, -3.175, 3.175, -3.175 *CENTERX2,Center (2x) _ _ _ _ _A, 63.5, -12.7, 12.7, -12.7 *DASHDOT,Dash dot _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . _A, 12.7, -6.35, 0, -6.35 *DASHDOT2,Dash dot (.5x) _._._._._._._._._._._._._._._.A, 6.35, -3.175, 0, -3.175 *DASHDOTX2,Dash dot (2x) _ . _ . _ . _A, 25.4, -12.7, 0, -12.7 *DASHED,Dashed _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A, 12.7, -6.35 *DASHED2,Dashed (.5x) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A, 6.35, -3.175 *DASHEDX2,Dashed (2x) _ _ _ _ _ _A, 25.4, -12.7 *DIVIDE,Divide _ . . _ . . _ . . _ . . _A, 12.7, -6.35, 0, -6.35, 0, -6.35 *DIVIDE2,Divide (.5x) _._._._._._._._._A, 6.35, -3.175, 0, -3.175, 0, -3.175 *DIVIDEX2,Divide (2x) _ . . _ . . _A, 25.4, -12.7, 0, -12.7, 0, -12.7 *DOT,Dot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A, 0, -6.35 *DOT2,Dot (.5x) .A, 0, -3.175 *DOTX2,Dot (2x) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A, 0, -12.7 *HIDDEN,Hidden _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A, 6.35, -3.175 *HIDDEN2,Hidden (.5x) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A, 3.175, -1.5875 *HIDDENX2,Hidden (2x) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A, 12.7, -6.35 *PHANTOM,Phantom _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A, 31.75, -6.35, 6.35, -6.35, 6.35, -6.35 *PHANTOM2,Phantom (.5x) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A, 15.875, -3.175, 3.175, -3.175, 3.175, -3.175 *PHANTOMX2,Phantom (2x) _ _ _ _A, 63.5, -12.7, 12.7, -12.7, 12.7, -12.7 ; ISO 128 (ISO/DIS 12011) linetypes have been added. ; The size of the line segments for each defined ISO line, is ; defined for an usage with a pen width of 1 mm. To use them with ; the other ISO predefined pen widths, the line has to be scaled ; with the appropriate value (e.g. pen width 0,5 mm - ltscale 0.5).;*ACAD_ISO02W100,ISO dash _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A,12,-3*ACAD_ISO03W100,ISO dash space _ _ _ _ _ _A,12,-18*ACAD_ISO04W100,ISO long-dash dot _ . _ . _ . _ . _A,24,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO05W100,ISO long-dash double-dot _ . _ . _ . A,24,-3,0,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO06W100,ISO long-dash triple-dot _ . _ . _A,24,-3,0,-3,0,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO07W100,ISO dot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A,0,-3*ACAD_ISO08W100,ISO long-dash short-dash _ _ _ _ _ _A,24,-3,6,-3*ACAD_ISO09W100,ISO long-dash double-short-dash _ _ _ _A,24,-3,6,-3,6,-3*ACAD_ISO10W100,ISO dash dot _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . A,12,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO11W100,ISO double-dash dot _ _ . _ _ . _ _ . _ _A,12,-3,12,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO12W100,ISO dash double-dot _ . . _ . . _ . . _ . . A,12,-3,0,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO13W100,ISO double-dash double-dot _ _ . . _ _ . . _A,12,-3,12,-3,0,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO14W100,ISO dash triple-dot _ . . . _ . . . _ . . . _A,12,-3,0,-3,0,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO15W100,ISO double-dash triple-dot _ _ . . . _ _ . .A,12,-3,12,-3,0,-3,0,-3,0,-3; Complex linetypes; Complex linetypes have been added to this file.; These linetypes were defined in LTYPESHP.LIN in; Release 13, and are incorporated in ACAD.LIN in; Release 14.; ; These linetype definitions use LTYPESHP.SHX.;*FENCELINE1,Fenceline circle -0-0-0-0-0-0-A,6.35,-2.54,CIRC1,ltypeshp.shx,x=-2.54,s=2.54,-2.54,25.4*FENCELINE2,Fenceline square -A,6.35,-2.54,BOX,ltypeshp.shx,x=-2.54,s=2.54,-2.54,25.4*TRACKS,Tracks -|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-A,3.81,TRACK1,ltypeshp.shx,s=6.35,3.81*BATTING,Batting SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSA,.00254,-2.54,BAT,ltypeshp.shx,x=-2.54,s=2.54,-5.08,BAT,ltypeshp.shx,r=180,x=2.54,s=2.54,-2.54*HOT_WATER_SUPPLY,Hot water supply - HW - HW - HW -A,12.7,-5.08,HW,STANDARD,S=2.54,R=0.0,X=-2.54,Y=-1.27,-5.08*GAS_LINE,Gas line -GAS-GAS-GAS-GAS-GAS-GAS-A,12.7,-5.08,GAS,STANDARD,S=2.54,R=0.0,X=-2.54,Y=-1.27,-6.35*ZIGZAG,Zig zag /A,.00254,-5.08,ZIG,ltypeshp.shx,x=-5.08,s=5.08,-10.16,ZIG,ltypeshp.shx,r=180,x=5.08,s=5.08,-5.08; Linetype Definition related to JIS Z 8312;*JIS_08_11,1SASEN11 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A,11,-.60,.60,-.60*JIS_08_15,1SASEN15 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,15,-.75,.75,-.75*JIS_08_25,1SASEN25 _ _ _ _ _A,25,-1.125,.75,-1.125*JIS_08_37,1SASEN37 _ _ _ _ _A,37.5,-1.125,.75,-1.125*JIS_08_50,1SASEN50 _ _ _A,50,-1.125,.75,-1.125*JIS_02_0.7,HIDDEN0.75 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,.75,-.60*JIS_02_1.0,HIDDEN01 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,1,-1*JIS_02_1.2,HIDDEN01.25 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,1.25,-1.25*JIS_02_2.0,HIDDEN02 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,2,-1*JIS_02_4.0,HIDDEN04 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,4,-1.5*JIS_09_08,2SASEN8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,8,-.55,.55,-.55,.55,-.55*JIS_09_15,2SASEN15 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,15,-.90,.60,-.90,.60,-.90*JIS_09_29,2SASEN29 _丂_ _ _丂_ _ _A,29,-1.2,.70,-1.2,.70,-1.2*JIS_09_50,2SASEN50 _丂_ _ _A,50,-1.2,.70,-1.2,.70,-1.2; User Defined Linetypes; Add any linetypes that you define to this section of; the file to ensure that they migrate properly when; upgrading to a future AutoCAD version. If duplicate; linetype definitions are found in this file, items; in the User Defined Linetypes section take precedence; over definitions that appear earlier in the file.; AutoCAD Linetype Definition file; Version 3.0; Copyright (C) 1991-2008 by Autodesk, Inc. All Rights Reserved.; Note: in order to ease migration of this file when upgrading ; to a future version of AutoCAD, it is recommended that you add; your customizations to the User Defined Linetypes section at the; end of this file.;*BORDER,Border _ _ . _ _ . _ _ . _ _ . _ _ .A,.5,-.25,.5,-.25,0,-.25*BORDER2,Border (.5x) _._._._._._._._._._._.A,.25,-.125,.25,-.125,0,-.125*BORDERX2,Border (2x) _ _ . _ _ . _A,1.0,-.5,1.0,-.5,0,-.5*CENTER,Center _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A,1.25,-.25,.25,-.25*CENTER2,Center (.5x) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A,.75,-.125,.125,-.125*CENTERX2,Center (2x) _ _ _ _ _A,2.5,-.5,.5,-.5*DASHDOT,Dash dot _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . _A,.5,-.25,0,-.25*DASHDOT2,Dash dot (.5x) _._._._._._._._._._._._._._._.A,.25,-.125,0,-.125*DASHDOTX2,Dash dot (2x) _ . _ . _ . _A,1.0,-.5,0,-.5*DASHED,Dashed _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A,.5,-.25*DASHED2,Dashed (.5x) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,.25,-.125*DASHEDX2,Dashed (2x) _ _ _ _ _ _A,1.0,-.5*DIVIDE,Divide _ . . _ . . _ . . _ . . _A,.5,-.25,0,-.25,0,-.25*DIVIDE2,Divide (.5x) _._._._._._._._._A,.25,-.125,0,-.125,0,-.125*DIVIDEX2,Divide (2x) _ . . _ . . _A,1.0,-.5,0,-.5,0,-.5*DOT,Dot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A,0,-.25*DOT2,Dot (.5x) .A,0,-.125*DOTX2,Dot (2x) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A,0,-.5*HIDDEN,Hidden _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A,.25,-.125*HIDDEN2,Hidden (.5x) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,.125,-.0625*HIDDENX2,Hidden (2x) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,.5,-.25*PHANTOM,Phantom _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A,1.25,-.25,.25,-.25,.25,-.25*PHANTOM2,Phantom (.5x) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A,.625,-.125,.125,-.125,.125,-.125*PHANTOMX2,Phantom (2x) _ _ _ _A,2.5,-.5,.5,-.5,.5,-.5; ISO 128 (ISO/DIS 12011) linetypes; The size of the line segments for each defined ISO line, is ; defined for an usage with a pen width of 1 mm. To use them with ; the other ISO predefined pen widths, the line has to be scaled ; with the appropriate value (e.g. pen width 0,5 mm - ltscale 0.5).;*ACAD_ISO02W100,ISO dash _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _A,12,-3*ACAD_ISO03W100,ISO dash space _ _ _ _ _ _A,12,-18*ACAD_ISO04W100,ISO long-dash dot _ . _ . _ . _ . _A,24,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO05W100,ISO long-dash double-dot _ . _ . _ . A,24,-3,0,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO06W100,ISO long-dash triple-dot _ . _ . _A,24,-3,0,-3,0,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO07W100,ISO dot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A,0,-3*ACAD_ISO08W100,ISO long-dash short-dash _ _ _ _ _ _A,24,-3,6,-3*ACAD_ISO09W100,ISO long-dash double-short-dash _ _ _ _A,24,-3,6,-3,6,-3*ACAD_ISO10W100,ISO dash dot _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . _ . A,12,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO11W100,ISO double-dash dot _ _ . _ _ . _ _ . _ _A,12,-3,12,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO12W100,ISO dash double-dot _ . . _ . . _ . . _ . . A,12,-3,0,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO13W100,ISO double-dash double-dot _ _ . . _ _ . . _A,12,-3,12,-3,0,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO14W100,ISO dash triple-dot _ . . . _ . . . _ . . . _A,12,-3,0,-3,0,-3,0,-3*ACAD_ISO15W100,ISO double-dash triple-dot _ _ . . . _ _ . .A,12,-3,12,-3,0,-3,0,-3,0,-3; Comp