天线垂直波瓣角的选用分析.doc

天线的垂直波瓣角的确定天线的垂直波瓣角的大小主要与下面几个因素有关：1：天线基站高度；2：周围建筑高度；3：覆盖深度；4：天线下倾角这四个因素有关。从数学角度看，设天线高度为H1，周围建筑高度为H2，高度差为h,天线下倾角为a，天线垂直波瓣角为q，覆盖半径为r,则有tg（a-q/2）= h/r的关系。现在深圳市的基站规划覆盖半径要求一般在0.50.75公里之间，则根据以上公式有：天线高度差h222222222覆盖半径 r600600600600600600600600600天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/20.19099-0.809-1.809015-2.809-3.809015-4.80901-5.80901-6.80901-7.80901垂直波瓣角0.38197-1.618-3.61803-5.618-7.61803-9.61803-11.618-13.618-15.618天线高度差h333333332覆盖半径 r600600600600600600600600600天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/20.28648-0.714-1.713523-2.7135-3.713523-4.71352-5.71352-6.71352-7.80901垂直波瓣角0.57295-1.427-3.427047-5.427-7.427047-9.42705-11.427-13.427-15.618天线高度差h5555555520覆盖半径 r600600600600600600600600600天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/20.47745-0.523-1.522546-2.5225-3.522546-4.52255-5.52255-6.52255-6.09085垂直波瓣角0.95491-1.045-3.045092-5.0451-7.045092-9.04509-11.0451-13.0451-12.1817天线高度差h888888888覆盖半径 r600600600600600600600600600天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/20.7639-0.236-1.236102-2.2361-3.236102-4.2361-5.2361-6.2361-7.2361垂直波瓣角1.5278-0.472-2.472203-4.4722-6.472203-8.4722-10.4722-12.4722-14.4722天线高度差h101010101010101010覆盖半径 r600600600600600600600600600天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/20.95484-0.045-1.045159-2.0452-3.045159-4.04516-5.04516-6.04516-7.04516垂直波瓣角1.90968-0.09-2.090317-4.0903-6.090317-8.09032-10.0903-12.0903-14.0903天线高度差h151515151515151515覆盖半径 r600600600600600600600600600天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/21.43210.4321-0.567904-1.5679-2.567904-3.5679-4.5679-5.5679-6.5679垂直波瓣角2.864190.8642-1.135808-3.1358-5.135808-7.13581-9.13581-11.1358-13.1358天线高度差h202020202020202020覆盖半径 r600600600600600600600600600天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/21.909150.9092-0.090848-1.0908-2.090848-3.09085-4.09085-5.09085-6.09085垂直波瓣角3.81831.8183-0.181695-2.1817-4.181695-6.1817-8.1817-10.1817-12.1817天线高度差h25252525252525252525覆盖半径 r600600600600600600600600600600天线下倾角0123456789垂直波瓣角/22.385941.38590.385944-0.6141-1.614056-2.61406-3.61406-4.61406-5.61406-6.614056垂直波瓣角4.771892.77190.7718881-1.2281-3.228112-5.22811-7.22811-9.22811-11.2281-13.22811天线高度差h222222222覆盖半径 r700700700700700700700700700天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/20.163702-0.8363-1.836-2.8363-3.8363-4.8363-5.8363-6.8363-7.8363垂直波瓣角0.327404-1.6726-3.673-5.6726-7.6726-9.6726-11.673-13.673-15.673天线高度差h333333332覆盖半径 r700700700700700700700700700天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/20.245552-0.7544-1.754-2.75445-3.75445-4.7544-5.7544-6.7544-7.8363垂直波瓣角0.491104-1.5089-3.509-5.5089-7.5089-9.5089-11.509-13.509-15.673天线高度差h5555555520覆盖半径 r700700700700700700700700700天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/20.409249-0.5908-1.591-2.59075-3.59075-4.5908-5.5908-6.5908-6.3634垂直波瓣角0.818497-1.1815-3.182-5.1815-7.1815-9.1815-11.182-13.182-12.727天线高度差h888888888覆盖半径 r700700700700700700700700700天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/20.65478-0.3452-1.345-2.34522-3.34522-4.3452-5.3452-6.3452-7.3452垂直波瓣角1.309561-0.6904-2.69-4.69044-6.69044-8.6904-10.69-12.69-14.69天线高度差h101010101010101010覆盖半径 r700700700700700700700700700天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/20.818455-0.1815-1.182-2.18154-3.18154-4.1815-5.1815-6.1815-7.1815垂直波瓣角1.636911-0.3631-2.363-4.36309-6.36309-8.3631-10.363-12.363-14.363天线高度差h151515151515151515覆盖半径 r700700700700700700700700700天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/21.2275790.22758-0.772-1.77242-2.77242-3.7724-4.7724-5.7724-6.7724-垂直波瓣角2.4551580.45516-1.545-3.54484-5.54484-7.5448-9.5448-11.545-13.545天线高度差h202020202020202020覆盖半径 r700700700700700700700700700天线下倾角012345678垂直波瓣角/21.6365770.63658-0.363-1.36342-2.36342-3.3634-4.3634-5.3634-6.3634垂直波瓣角3.2731541.27315-0.727-2.72685-4.72685-6.7268-8.7268-10.727-12.727天线高度差h25252525252525252525覆盖半径 r700700700700700700700700700700天线下倾角0123456789垂直波瓣角/22.0454081.045410.0454-0.95459-1.95459-2.9546-3.9546-4.9546-5.9546-6.95459垂直波瓣角4.0908172.090820.0908-1.90918-3.90918-5.9092-7.9092-9.9092-11.909-13.9092从上面的计算分析可知，在四个因素中对天线垂直波瓣角的影响最大的是天线的下倾角，呈线性关系；基站与周围建筑的高度对天线垂直波瓣角的影响不是很大；覆盖半径的影响应该为最小，而且深圳市的基站覆盖范围都大致在0.50.75之间，所以这个因素在以下不再作分析。天线的下倾角的确定与基站天线高度与周围建筑高度差有关，一般基站选址时高度差为38米，那么天线的下倾角由上表可知约定为0到6度之间，从上面的查表也可知要求的天线垂直波瓣角为0.5度到11度之间，而且若天线下倾角在4度