解读国内人口老龄化的表现形式.doc

/ / / /解读国内人口老龄化的表现形式Interpretation form the aging of the population in China 所谓人口老龄化按国际通行的规范，60岁以上的老年人口或65岁以上的老年人口在总人口中的比例超越10%和7%，即可看作是到达了人口老龄化，中国不只是世界上人口数量最多的国度，也是老年人口数量最多的国度，国度统计局发布的数据标明，早在1999年我国的60岁以上老年人口占总人口的比重就会到达10%，2000年我国人口总数达12.7亿人，60岁以及60岁老年人口占全国总人口的10.4%，阐明我国曾经正式进入老龄化国度。如何处理人口老龄化的问题显得非常重要：So-called population aging according to internationally accepted standards, elderly population over the age of 60 or 65 elderly population over the age of the population proportion of over 10% and 7%, can be regarded as arrived in an aging population, China is not only the largest number of population in the world, also is the largest number of elderly population country, nation bureau of statistics data released by the label, as early as in 1999 Chinas 60 years of age or older population proportion of the population will reach 10%, in 2000 Chinas total population of 1.27 billion people, 60 years and 60 years old people constituting 10.4% of the total population, expounded our country has formally entered the aging country. How to deal with the aging of the population problem is very important: 人口老龄化表现方式Population aging performance 人口老龄化速度和老年人口的绝对数增长快。我国人口年龄构造从成年型进入老年型仅用了18年左右的时间，而法国用了115年，美国用了60年，最短是日本用了25年，故我国人口龄化速度与兴旺同家的速度相比非常惊人。2004年中国的老年人占总人口的11%，以后老年人口逐年增加，到目前已接近1.41亿，我国已成为全世界老年人口最多的国度，占世界老年人总人口的1/5，占亚州老年人口的1/2。开成缘由，由于我国控制了人口过快增长，减少了出生，减轻人口对经济社会开展的压力，同时人口预期寿命延长，形成底部老龄化与顶部老龄化同时“夹攻”，呈现了低生育、低死亡的结果，从而显得人口老龄化的速度开展很快。An aging population and the absolute number of elderly population growth fast. Population age structure in China from ChengNianXing into LaoNianXing have taken only 18 years, while in France in 115, the United States for 60 years, the shortest is spent 25 years in Japan, so our country population aging rate compared with prosper in the speed is very alarming. Elderly people account for 11% of the total population in China in 2004, after the elderly population increases year by year, until now has close to 141 million, the elderly has become the worlds most populous country, 1/5 of the world of elderly population, accounts for 1/2 of Asian elderly population. Having a reason, because our country to control the rapid population growth, reducing the birth, alleviate the pressure of population on economic and social, and extended life expectancy, ageing and top ageing at the bottom of the form struck at the same time, presents the result of the low birth and death, which is the speed of population aging in soon. 人口未富先老，对经济压力大。当兴旺国度60岁以上老龄人口到达10%时，人均国内消费总值普通在1万美圆以上，而我国在2000年时人均国内消费总值才达856美圆，刚迈过最低收入门槛的中等收入国度，人口预期寿命则由1994年41岁延长到70岁，使得我国成为世界上人均寿命最长低收入国度之一，由于人口老龄化，政府用于社会保险、社会福利、社会救济、社会效劳的支出不时增加，从而加大了对经济的压力。Not rich first old population, the economic pressure. When prosperous country over 60 elderly population reached 10%, the per capita gross domestic consumption average over $10000, while Chinas gross domestic consumption per capita in 2000 amounted to $856, just beyond the minimum income threshold for middle-income countries, life expectancy has risen from 41, 1994 to 1994, makes our country become one of the highest average life expectancy of low-income countries in the world, due to an aging population, the government for social insurance, social welfare, social relief, social service spending increases from time to time, which increased the pressure on the economy. 老龄化散布不均和高龄化非常明显。大中城市已进入老龄化阶段，而中部地域人口老龄化水平低于大中城市泰安太阳能，如上海市2000年老龄人口占总人口的18.5%，北京老龄人口占总人口的14.6%。随着城市化进程的加快，乡村年轻人大量涌入城市。由原来老龄化城市高于乡村而变为两者正在接近乡村向城镇活动的年青人口增加，从而呈现了大量的乡村“留守老人”。我国老龄人口从1990年的800万增长到2000年的1110万，高龄人口丧偶和患病机率高实木复合门，生理自理才能差，因而需求经济和生活照顾的双保证。Aging spread unevenly and aging is very obvious. Large and medium cities has entered a stage of aging, and an ageing population level is lower than the large and medium-sized cities in central regions, such as the elderly population accounts for 18.5% of the total population in 2000 in Shanghai, Beijing elderly population accounts for 14.6% of the total population. With the speeding up of urbanization process, rural young people poured into the city. From aging population is higher than the countryside is closer to the rural to the urban activity into two young population increase, leading to a large number of rural left-behind old man. Chinas elderly population grown from 1990 in 8 million to 2000 in 11.1 million, old widowed and high risk population, physical self-care ability is poor, and therefore needs economic and life care of double guarantee. 老龄化对家庭和奉养依赖性加强.随着老龄化高龄人口增加，三世健在的家庭比例很大，加上家庭“少子化”，使家庭奉养老人的功用弱化，老人对本人后代的经济依赖也更强，据统计，50%以上城镇老年人银行根本无存款，急需社会养老功用极大发挥，以补偿家庭。随着老年人口高龄化，高龄老人丧偶率上升HDPE土工膜。生理不能自理人数增加，家庭养老的经济担负和生活照料担负日益加重，但生活节拍越来越慌张，中青年夫妇常常，难以统筹对老人的奉养与对子女的抚育。Aging for family and supporting dependence strengthen. As aging older population increase, iii surviving family proportion is large, with families have, make the weakening function of family support the old man, old man is also much greater economy rely on to my descendants, according to statistics, more than 50% of the urban elderly no bank deposit, be badly in need of social endowment function significantly, to compensate for the family. As the aging population aging, the elderly widowed rate rise. Physiological cann