【三年经典】全国各地高考英语 试题分类汇编 名词.doc

【三年经典】2011-2013年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：名词【2011江苏卷,27】teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _.aconsequencebindependenceccompetencedintelligence【答案】c【考点】考查名词的辨义。【解析】句意为 “教师要不断地更新他们的知识以便保持专业上的称职。”consequence后果，结果；independence独立；competence能力，胜任，称职；intelligence智力, 智慧; 理解力。根据句意选c。【2011福建卷,26】the lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major of global climate change.a.result b.cause c.warning d.reflection【答案】b【考点】考查名词的辨义。【解析】句意为“公众缺乏对生态环境友好的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的主要原因。”result结果；cause原因；warning警告；reflection反映。cause与global climate change存在着因果关系，故选b。【2011浙江卷,18】anyway, i cant cheat himits against all my _.a. emotions b. principles c. regulations d. opinions【答案】b【考点】考查名词的辨义。【解析】句意为“不管怎样，我不能欺骗他这违反我的原则。”emotion情绪；principle原则，准则；regulation规定，规则；opinions意见。根据句意选b。【2011四川卷,13】always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of childrens . a.touch b.sight c.reach d.distance【答案】c【考点】考查名词的辨义。【解析】句意为“时刻记住：这些危险物品，比如刀子，要放在孩子们够不着的地方。”out of touch不联系，不接触；out of sight看不见, 在视野之外；out of reach手够不着, 达不到；out of distance远离=far away。根据前面的交代的危险品，选c。【2011湖北卷,21】“tommy, run! be quick! the house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with_ clearly in her voice.a . anger b. rudeness c. regret d. panic【答案】d【考点】考查名词的辨义。【解析】句意为“tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声叫喊，嗓音里夹杂这明显的惊慌。”anger生气；rudeness粗鲁；regret后悔；panic惊慌，慌乱。根据句意选d。【2011湖北卷,22】giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big_, but now i know it was the best decision i ever made.a. project b. commitment c. competition d. ambition【答案】b【考点】考查名词的辨义。【解析】句意为“当初放弃我的工作重新接受全日制的教育是个了不起的决定，现在我知道那是我作出的最好的决定。”project项目, 计划, 方案, 课题；commitment承诺，许诺，保证；competition比赛，竞争；ambition抱负，雄心，野心。commitment与后面的decision相呼应，故选b。【2011湖北卷,30】when asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.a. in terms of b. in need of c. in favor of d. in praise of【答案】c【考点】考查名词的辨义。【解析】句意为“当被问到对于校长的看法时，许多老师都愿意看到他靠边站为更年轻的人让路。”in terms of就而论；in need of需要；in favor of赞成；in praise of表扬，赞扬。【2011江西卷31】whats the_, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesnt make an effort to help himself?a.sympathy b.theme c.object d.point【答案】d【考点】考查名词的辨义。【解析】sympathy同情，theme 主题，object 物体，point意义。句意为你认为如果他没有作出努力去帮助自己而去帮助他的意义是什么？选d。【2011山东卷,34】theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.a. tradition b. balance c. concern d. relationship【答案】a【考点】考查名词的辨义。【解析】句意为“我们办公室有个传统:轮到某个人的生日时，他就带蛋糕来与大家分享。”tradition传统；balance平衡；concern关心；relationship关系，联系。句中somebody 与they相照应，说明不止一次，因此用tradition作答案。【2011江苏卷,32】wed better discuss everything _ before we work out the plan.ain detail bin general con purpose don time【答案】a【考点】考查名词的辨义。【解析】句意为“我们最好先详细地讨论好一切，然后再制定计划。”in detail详细地；in general一般而言, 总的来说；on purpose故意地；on time准时。根据句意，先讨论后定计划，选a。【举一反三】【2012届牡丹江一中高三上学期期中考试】to play better, all the players have to know their _ and weaknesses.a. techniques b. strengths c. benefits d. values【答案】b strengths and weaknesses“优势和劣势”是固定搭配，直接选择b项。【2012浙江卷】7.youras a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.a. operationb. growthc. performanced. character7.【考点】名词【答案】c【解析】根据句意：作为一个学生，你的学习（performance）会很棒的如果你能够养成对所学的的东西进行反思的话。operation操作、手术；growth增长；character人物、角色，均不符合语境，故排除。【难度】偏小【2012湖北卷】29. it is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any _.a. symptom b. similarity c. sample d. shadow29. a【命题立意】考查名词辨析。难度中等。【解题思路】句意为：定期检查眼睛看看是否有眼疾症状很重要。a项意为“症状”，符合句意；b项意为“类似”，c项意为“样本”，d项意为“阴影”，都与语意不符。【2012湖北卷】30. the officer insisted that michael did not follow the correct _ in applying for a visa. a. pattern b. procedure c. program d. perspective30. b【命题立意】考查名词辨析。难度较易。【解题思路】句意为：这位官员坚持认定michael没有按照正确的程序申请签证。b项意为“程序”，符合句意；a项意为“模式”，c项意为“节目”，d项意为“远景”，都与语意不符。【2012江苏卷】21. can i help you with it? i appreciate your, but i can manage it myself.a. adviceb. questionc. offer d. idea21. 【考点】名词词义辨析【答案】c【解析】句意为：我可以帮你吗？我感激你的提议 “offer”，但我自己能设法做的。offer意为“提议”，符合题意。a意为“建议，劝告”；b意为“问题”；d意为“想法，主意”。【难度】一般【2012江西卷】29youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future .apurposebreferencecprogressdmemory29答案：b考点：考察词义辨析解析：你最好写下这个餐馆的号码以便日后参考用。for future reference是一个常用词组搭配，表示“以供日后参考”。【2012四川卷】15. he will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. its just a matter of _.a. luck b. value c. time d. fact15.【答案与解析】 c 本题考查名词辨析。句意为：他迟早会渐渐理解你付出的努力的。这只是个时间的问题。根据句意选c。【2012全国ii】19. the harry potter books are quite popular; they are in great _ in this city.a. quantity b. progress c. production d. demand【答案】d【解析】此处quantity数量；progress进步； production生产；demand要求。这里be in great demand意为：需求量很大，畅销。句意：哈利波特很受欢迎；在这个城市有很大的需求量。【考点定位】考查名词词义辨析。3【2012天津卷】you were working too hard. youd better keep a _between work and relaxation. 【c】a. promiseb. leadc. balanced. diary1. (2013年高考英语湖北卷) 21. poetry written from the _ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.a. perspective b. priority c. participation d. privilege【答案】a。【解析】本题考查词汇和句意的理解。perspective 观点，看法； 角度；priority优先，优先权；participation n. 参加，参与 ；privilege n. 特权 ，权益；重点结构：written from在句中充当后置定语。【句意】从城市青年的角度来写的诗歌更加倾向于揭示他们在缺乏归属感上的焦虑。 2. (2013年高考英语湖北卷) 22. carbon dioxide, which makes a _ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.a. difference b. comparison c. connection d. barrier【答案】d。【解析】本题考查词汇和句意的理解。difference 差别，差异 ；comparison 比较，对照 ; connection 连接 ; 联系，关系 ; barrier 障碍 ; 屏障 ;本题中有一个which引导的非限制性定义从句，一个短语prevents from【句意】二氧化碳在我们与太阳之间的形成了一道屏障，它可以防止热量轻易逃离大气层，因此地球变得越来越暖。3. (2013年高考英语湖北卷) 30. an artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered _ a long lost antique greek vase.a. at random b. by chance c. in turn d. on occasion【答案】b。【解析】本题考查短语和句意的理解。at random任意地，随便地；by chance偶然地，意外地；无意之中；碰巧；in turn轮流地；相应地；on occasion有时， 间或。【句意】一个艺术家最近乘坐渡轮到那个南方岛屿旅游，他无意之中竟然发现失传已久的古希腊花瓶。4. (2013年高考英语江苏卷) 33. with inspiration from other food cultures, american food culture can take a _ for the better. a. share b. chance c. turn d. lead【答案】c。【解析】本题考查固定短语在语境中的使用。a. take a share分担，为出力 b. take a chance冒险 c. take a turn转弯，转；（情况、形势等）转变 d. take a lead领先，带头。根据本句，for the better的提示，可见是讲转变，变得更好，所以选c。【句意】有了源于其他食品文化的灵感，美国饮食文化可以变得更好。5. (2013年高考英语江西卷) 22.whenever i made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with _.a. curiosityb. satisfactionc. envyd. patience【答案】d。【解析】考查with+名词搭配的介宾短语。a. with curiosity好奇地；b. with satisfaction满意地；c. with envy羡慕地；d. with patience耐心地。【句意】无论什么时候我犯了错，老师总是耐心地给我指出来。6. (2013年高考英语辽宁卷) 23. the accident caus