新人教高中英语书面表达训练.ppt

1 关系不一致 误 ifshehavemuchmoney shecanbuymanythingsthatshewant 正 1 were was2 have has ifshehasmuchmoney shecanbuymanythingsthatshewants 3 its their4 hurries hurried5 helivedinthecountrysidefortwoyears andhealwaysrememberedhislifethere 写作中 同一主语和语态最好贯彻到底 不要随意地忽而主动语态 忽而被动语态 6 won t shouldn t语气一致7 time times 2 词性混淆 误 whenpeoplehavedifficult weshouldhelpthem 正 whenpeoplehavedifficulty weshouldhelpthem 1 against isagainst2 sheoftengoestoschoolbybus 3 past passed4 careful carefully5 asia asian6 fortunate fortunately7 jumpeddowninto 3 用词累赘 误 ifyoulendme50dollars i llrepaybackyounextweek 正 ifyoulendme50dollars i llrepayyounextweek 1 去掉again2 去掉more3 去掉future4 去掉goto 因为hurryto本身具有 匆忙去 之意5 去掉it6 去掉byhimself 7 去掉a m 或inthemorning8 去掉withfear9 去掉in lastmonth year week nextmonth year week everymonth year week前均不加介词in10 去掉it too 句式中主语是不定式的宾语时 不定式宾语要省略 4 无连接词错误 误 youpracticemorereading yourreadingabilitywillbeimproved 正 ifyoupracticereadingmore yourreadingabilitywillbeimproved 析 英语句子的特点之一是重 形合 句子的各个部分要由各种连词 关系词等连接起来 而汉语句子是重 意合 句子前后连接主要是通过上下文的逻辑意义来实现的 连接词的使用远远少于英语 1 apersonwillnothaveahealthybodyifhehasnotenoughfood 2 althoughiamtired imustgoonworking 3 becausechinaisstilladevelopingcountry mostpeoplecannotaffordacaryet 4 ifyouuseyourhead you llfindaway useyourhead andyou llfindaway 5 theteacherspokeslowlyinorderthat sothatthestudentsmightunderstandher 6 iarrivedatthestationafterthetrainhadleft wheniarrivedatthestation thetrainhadleft 7 weallwenthomeafterthepicnicbecauseithadstartedtorain 8 wewerelookingforyournewcoat butwecouldnotfindit 9 thesunwarmstheearth whichmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow thesunwarmstheearthandthismakesitpossibleforplantstogrow 10 hisbedroomseemedemptyandtherewereonlytwochairs asmalldeskandabed 5 非完整句错误 误 thewomantalkedtoyoujustnowisourenglishteacher 正 thewomanwhotalkedtoyoujustnowisourenglishteacher 析 一个句子至少包括主语和谓语两部分 祈使句除外 如果将句子的某一部分当作一个完整的句子 就会导致非完整句错误 1 chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe 2 althoughheistenyearsold thislittleboyplaysthepianoverywell 3 thepictureisaboutapoorlittleboywholivedinoldchina 4 thepersonwhocametoseemethatafternoonisanoldfriendofmine 5 ican timaginewhatlifewouldbelikeifwehadn tanytvsets 6 onewillfeellonelywithoutafriend 6 选词或搭配不当 误 peterisawarm heartedperson soeverybodylikestohavefriendswithhim 正 peterisawarm heartedperson soeverybodyliestomakefriendswithhim 析 在理解英语词汇时 不能仅停留在了解其字面意义上 而应掌握内在涵义 同时要熟悉它们的习惯搭配 平时学习词汇时 要仔细思考 勤查词典 1 spends takes wespend15minutesgoingtotheparkfromthecenterofthecitybybus 2 ihopethatyouwillbecomealawyer iwishyoutobecomealawyer 3 forgot left 遗忘某物在某处 不可用forget 应用leave4 firmly clearly汉语中可以讲 牢牢记住 但英语中firmly却不可与remember 搭配 常和remember搭配的副词有clearly perfectly thoroughly等5 borrow lend6 raise improve7 live staylive表示 在某处居住 病人 住院 用stay8 此句应该用具体词却误用了概括词 应将animal改为lion tiger等 7 逻辑错误 误 liuhuaisakind heartedgirl shewillbesuccessfulinanythingshetries 正 asshehasastrongwillandconfidenceinherself liuhuamaybesuccessfulinanythingshetries 析 一个心地善良的人能保证事事都能成功 这个推理不合理 一个具有坚强意志和信念的人可能会取得成功 这才合乎逻辑 1 manyamericansareall 2 mostofthebirdscanfly 3 shemustbeill forisawadoctorgoingintoherroom because表直接原因 表示的原因和产生的结果有必然的因果关系 原句意思是 她生病是因为医生走进了她的房间 这是不合逻辑的 改成for引起的分句是对前句作推测性解释 4 iwasgoingoutwhenitbegantorain 我正要出门 这时天突然下起雨来 分析原句得出这一结论 天要在我准备外出时下雨 这是不符合逻辑的 5 thearmymenhadbeenmarchingallday andtheiruniformsweredusty 原句 行军与军衣颜色 逻辑上无必然联系 6 iwasbornin1953andgrewupinthetownofyidu 原句时间概念不清 8 不合英语表达习惯 误 thepriceofoilismoreexpensivethanbefore 正 thepriceofoilishigherthanbefore 析 英语中价格只有高低 high low 商品才有贵贱 expensive cheap 写作中 不少学生受汉语思维方式 表达习惯 文化习俗的影响 写出许多不符合英语表达习惯的句子 要避免此类错误的发生 平时训练就要多比较 归纳英汉两种语言在表达方式上的差异 1 china spopulationisthelargest highestintheworld 2 zhanghangstudiesinkanglehighschool wanzaicounty jiangxiprovince 3 lipinghasfourclassesinthemorningandtwointheafternoon 4 sincethetelephonewasinvented greatchangeshavetakenplaceinpeople slife 5 neitherofmyparentslikestogotothecinema nordoi 6 everywhereyoucanseeredflowersandgreengrass 7 todaysomestudentsstilldon tknowhowtouseenglishdictionaries 8 ifyouuseyourhead youcanquicklysolvethisproblem 9 areyoubusywithyourwork 10 yourstudenthasgonetowork 11 it shewhosuggestedthati should writetoyou 12 thedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnologyhasbroughtaboutgreatsocialchanges 13 aftergraduating hegraduatedfrombeijinguniversity myunclebecameateacher 9 句子缺乏统一性 误 tocontrolthebirthrateintheworld scientistsarelookingfornewsourcesofenergy 正 tocontrolthebirthrateintheworld allthegovernmentsmusttakestrictandeffectivemeasures 析 错句前后两部分意思无关紧要 违背了统一性原则 统一性要求一个句子必须表达一个单一的完整思想 如果把不相连的思想放在同一句子里或一个句子表达的思想不完整 就破坏了句子统一性原则 1 beinganhonestman mrwangnevertellsalietohisstudents 2 sometelevisionprogramsareharmfultochildren soparentsmustpreventtheirchildrenfromwatchingtv 3 thereasonwhyhenrywasabsentsolongwasthathewasill henrywasabsentforsuchalongtimebecausehewasill 不对等的意思不要用等立连词 4 myniecegotmarriedlastweek 过多的细节会使读者抓不住主要思想 5 althoughthismountainissixthousandfeethighandonlyfourmilesfromthesmallairport noplanehasevercrashedonit 这里一系列并列句显得很单调 表达不出彼此间的关系 破坏了统一性原则 10 句子缺乏连贯性连贯性是指句子无论长短 在安排上要合乎逻辑 衔接自然 使句内语义关系明确 让人一目了然 学生习作中不连贯的句子主要包括垂悬修饰语 指代不清 未用过渡性词语 非平行结构和语义不完整的分割短句等方面的错误 误 mybestfriendinhighschoolwasourenglishteacher hernamewasgaohui shetaughtusenglishforthreeyears 正 mybestfriendinhighschoolwasourenglishteacher gaohui whotaughtusenglishforthreeyears 析 原句把一个简单的思想内容各列成三个短句来表达 尽管这些句子语法正确 但不连贯 显得乏力 1 roseisinlovewithjohn butjohnisinlovewithmary 2 tomwroteaquicknotetonancy hisfriend 3 wheniwasspeakingbeforeacrowdofpeopleforthefirsttime mykneesshook speaking的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致 产生 垂悬 修饰语 4 shelikesplayingtennisandwatchingbasketballgames 两个平行的思想toplaytennis和watchingbasketballgames用了不同的结构 破坏了句子的连贯性 5 iamwrong hesaidtomybrother hesaidtobybrother youarewrong 6 they thestudents 代词they无指代对象 7 whenireturnedtomyroom ifoundanotefromjackundermybook hesaidhewasinthecitylookingforajob buthehadn tfoundanythingyet headdedthathewassorrynottohaveseenme 此段出现了一连串的短句 这些短句提供的信息量小 语义支离破碎 缺乏连贯性 11 chinglish 汉式英语 错误keys 1 myfamilyhasadog wekeepadogathome 2 theyhadagoodtimelastnight theyenjoyedthemselvesverymuchlastnight 3 wefinditdifficulttolearnenglish 4 idon tthinkshecanswim 5 sheisveryyoung 6 eveningcamebeforewerealizedit 7 alotofhisstudentshavegonetocollege 8 tolearn learningenglishwellisnoteasy it snoteasytolearnenglishwell 9 manyteachershavetaughtmeenglish 10 ilikeenglishverymuch 11 thoughhewasill hewentonworking hewasill buthewentonworking 12 becausesheisill sheisabsenttoday sheisill sosheisabsenttoday 13 hewasmarriedtoannalastmonth hemarriedannalastmonth 14 haveyousuggestedhetryagain haveyousuggestedhimtryingagain 15 heisoldenoughtogotoschool 16 inwinteritiscolderinchangshathaninguangzhou 17 godgavemeagoodchance it sreallyagoodchancethatgodgaveme 18 allthestudentshadstartedreadingeng