高一英语必修1unit4语法课件 定语从句.ppt

,grammar,1.在复句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 2.定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。 3.引导定语从句的连词叫关系代词或关系副词。 关系代词：who,whom,whose,that,which, as 关系副词：when,where,why 如果先行词是指人，用who,whom,whose, that引导定语从句。如果先行词是指物，用that,which,whose引导。,Which baby is Jack?,穿红裤子的baby是Jack。,The baby is Jack.,The baby is Jack.,who is wearing red trousers,the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty,boy,The boy is Tom.,The boy who is handsome is Tom.,The boy who is tall is Tom.,The boy who is strong is Tom,The boy who is clever is Tom,The boy who is naughty is Tom., The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling., The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.,The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语),The boy who has a round face is Tom., The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.,The man who sits in front of me is Tom., The man is kind. Everyone likes him.,The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (宾语), The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.,The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job., The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday.,The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk., The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him.,The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab.,The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab., This is the boy. I sit behind him.,This is the boy (whom) I sit behind.,This is the boy behind whom I sit.,Which boy do you like better?,apple,the red the green the small the big,The apple which/that is red is mine.,The apple which/that is green is yours.,The apple which/that is red is small,The apple which/that is green is big.,关系代词:,1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,The man who I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省),The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.,The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li., Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers.,Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which/that is eating her flowers., Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night.,Can you lend me the book (which/that) you talked about last night.,Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night?,Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.,Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?,Do you find the pen (which/that) I wrote with just now?,3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省),These are the trees which were planted last year.,This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.,Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow books?, that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,A plane is a machine. It can fly.,A plane is a machine that can fly.,He is the man. I told you about him.,He is the man (that/who/whom) I told you about.,He is the man (that) I told you about., 注意：介词提前时只能用which 而不能用that 。,4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,A plane is a machine that can fly., that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is the very book that belongs to him.,(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。,(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修饰时。,(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same修饰时。,在下列情况下只用which,不用that。 1，引导非限定性定语从句。 2，直接作介词的宾语。 3，避免与that重复。 Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world. Many people were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.,whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词 与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose 多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which 互换使用。Whose 用来代替 his，her，their，its.,This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue. Do you know the girl whose father died in Iraq,2. 如何选择关系代词? who ,whom, whose, which, that 口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物 后看从句里, 有无主宾语,指人的关系代词： that/who whom whose 指物的关系代词： that/which whose,在从句中作主语,宾语,在从句中作定语,在从句中作宾语,在从句中作主语,宾语,在从句中作定语,Spielberg,_ _ mother was a teacher, was born in a small town. This was a film_ _ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys. The reason_ he could not go there was that his grades was too low. This was the moment _ Spielbergs career really took off. Jurassic Park,_Spielberg made in 1993, is about a park_a man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs. ET is about a young boy _makes friends with a small creature from outer space.,The Attributive Clause,whose,in which/where,why / for which,when / at which,which,where,who/ that,7.He told everything _ he had seen in the traffic accident. 8.This was the best model of the TV set _ the factory produced last year. 9.Alice,_dress is all red, looks very pretty. 10.The first thing _I am going to do this evening is to write a report about the experiment. 11. It was heard in Beijing, _ is one hundred kilometers away. 12. Workers built shelters for survivors _ homes had been destroyed.,that,that,whose,that,which,whose,13.Yesterday I met doctor Wang _ told me the good news of his sons passing the examination. 14.The two pupils _ you taught three yeas ago have become teachers. 15.He began to work in Beijing in the year_ New China was founded. 16.I dont know the reason_ she did nt agree to our plan. 17.This is a soldier_ died in the war of Resistance,who/that,who / that / whom,when,why,Who/that,He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is,高考链接,A,解析：答案A。该题考查定语从句中加入插入语的用法，因插入语应位于引导词之后，所以D项不对，B、C两项无法构成正确结构。,-How are you today? -Oh, I _ as ill as I do now for a very long time. A. didnt feel B. wasnt feeling C. dont feel D. havent felt,高考链接,D,解析：答案D。由题意看出，此处表示持续到现在的一段时间的情况，需用现在完成时，句意为“我好长时间没感到想现在这样糟糕了”。,There was _ time _ I hated to go to school. A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; when,高考链接,B,解析：答案B。全句意为“曾经有一段时间我痛恨上学。”第一空不表示特指，第二空引起定语从句，且在句中作时间状语。,Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is,高考链接,D,解析：答案D。空格处应填入宾语从句，因从句不用疑问式，所以A、C可排除；当不知对方的身份或性别时，主语应用it。,关系副词 When Where Why,Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.,on which(=on the day),=,We still remembered the days when we travelled together. = in which(=in the days),The time _ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.,when,1. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together on the farm. when B. which C. where D. in which 2. Ill never forget the days _ we studied together. when B. which C. where D.on which 口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物 后看从句里, 有无主宾语,B,A,This is the house where I lived two years ago.,in which(=in the house),=,Harvard is a world-famous university. There Wang An got his Doctors degree,Harvard is a world-famous university where Wang An got his Doctor degree.,The place _ we visited yesterday is a school for disabled children.,Which/that,Do you know the reason why she was late.,for which(=for the reason),=,I dont believe the reason _ you gave me,(that, which),This is the factory. I worked in the factory ten years ago. This is the factory where I worked ten years ago. The school is near a park. My son studies in this school. The school where my studies is near a park.,关系副词where,We visited the house. Lusun once lived in the house. We visited the house where Lusun once lived.,Theyll never forget July 1. Hong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1. Theyll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its motherland. The days are gone forever. We used foreign oil during those days. The days when we used foreign oil are gone forever.,关系副词when,There was a time. The businessman lost heart at that time. There was a time when the businessman lost heart.,There are many reasons why people like traveling. for the reasons =why I dont like the way that you speak. in the way =that 关系副词实际上是介词先行词,关系副词why,先行词在定从中的不同成分, 引导词不同: a. This is the place where he works. This is the place which (that) we visited last year. b. That was the time when he arrived. Do you still remember the days that (which) we spent together?,c. This is the reason why / for which he went. The reason that (which) he gave us was quite reasonable.,1.The person _ you should write to is Mr.Ball. 2.The person to _ you should write is Mr.Ball. 3.The games _he competed in were swimming and shooting. 4.The games in _ he competed were swimming and shooting.,who / that / whom,whom,which/that,which,Complete the following sentences using attributive clausees.,5.October 1,1949 is the day _we will never forget. 6.Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing/ 7.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _family was poor. 8.The pen_ he is writing now was bought yesterday.,with which,that / which,which / that,whose,9.He is the man _ you can turn for help. 10.This is the tree under _ we used to play games. 11.The farm_ we worked ten years ago isnt what is used to be. 12.A biologist is a man _ has a great knowledge of biology.,to whom,which,on which,who / that,13.The poor boy _lost both his parents last year lives with his grandfather . 14.This is the factory _ he worked ten years ago. 15.This is the factory _ make toys. 16.He is the boy _family was poor.,who / that,where / in which,whose,which / that,1. Ill never forget the days _ we worked together. 2. Ill never forget the days _ _we spent together. 3. I went to the place _ I worked ten years ago.,when / in which,which,where / in which,几种易混的情况,及物动词,4. I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5. This is the reason _ he was late. 6. This is the reason _ _ he gave.,which,why / for which,that / which,及物动词,及物动词,1. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 2. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. That B. where C. which D. the one,Exercise,3. I shall never forget those years _ I live on the farm _ you visited last week. A. when; where B. which; which C. when; which D. which; where 4. Do you know the reason _he was late? A. for which B. for what C. which D. that,5. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 6. Is that the reason _ you are in favor of the proposal? A. which B. what C. why D. for that,7. I like the second football match _ was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. / 8. I will never forget the day_ we studied together. A. at which B. on that C. at that D. on which,9. I should like to use the same TV set _ is used in your classroom. A. which B. who C. as D. whose 10. The Second World War _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. on which B. where C. in that D. during which,11. Who can think of a situation _ this idiom can be used? A. which B. that C. where D. in that 12. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that,13. I have many books, some of _ are on chemistry. A. Them B. that C. which D. those 14. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which,15. Can you tell me the name of the factory _ you visited last week? A. what B. where C. / D. when 16. I can still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. what B. which C. that D. where,1 The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. （全国 2004 ） A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which,高考链接,2. I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. （湖南 2004） A. how B. which C. where D. that,3. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger. （广东 2005） A. in which B. by which C. which D. that,4. Were just trying to teach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.（2006 山东） A. where B. that C. when D. which,5. I was given three books on cooking, the first _ I really enjoyed.（2006浙江） A. of that B. of which C. that D. which,5. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. (2007 安徽) A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom,6. He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. (2007 江苏) A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that,7. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing. (2007 天津) A. when B. whose C. which D. where,8. Eric received training in computer for one year, _ he found a job in a big company. (2007 辽宁) A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this,Correct the mistakes,1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before. 4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.,whom,whose,it,who,1.that 与which,1.Nothing _ can be done has been done. 2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?,先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that,that,that,1.This is the best TV _ is made in China. 2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。,1.that 与which,Ive read all the books _ you lent me.,that,先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that 。,1.that 与which,1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. 2.A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.,先行词中既有人又有事物时， 引导定语从句用that .,that,that,1.that 与which,1.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ?,Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that,that,1.that 与which,1.Her bag ,in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.,which,which,whom,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom,1.that 与which,1）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,This is the book_ which you asked,注意：动词短语不能拆开 即介词不能提前,for,The old man whom I am looking after is better .,如何判断介词,2）、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.,with,如何判断介词,3）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配,This is our classroom , _ which there is a teachers desk.,in the front of,如何判断介词,用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。 1. I disagree with the facts _ which your argument is based. 2. The song, _ which he was interested, will never be heard again. 3. This is the reason _ which he often comes to school late. 4. I will never forget the way _ which my teacher taught me. 5. This is the hero _ whom we are proud.,on,in,for,in,of,6. I want to find the very pen _ which I wrote that letter. 7. They are the students _ whom our teachers are thinking highly. 8. It is important to choose good friends _ whom you can share your feelings and thoughts. 9. It will not be necessary to name the person _ whom the card belongs. 10. I would always like to do business with those people _ whom I can rely.,with,of,with,to,on / upon,5 when, where, why 与that, which 的区分,This is the reason _ ( = for which ) I didnt come here. The reason _ she gave was not true.,why,which/that,指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,6 定语从句中的动词的数,He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise,has,have,关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词,Correct the sentences:,1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday. 2. The man whom I spoke is from Canada. 3. July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.,to,that,4. Im going to work in the hospital where needs me. 5. Those tha