2017_2018高中英语Unit2ProtectingOurHomePeriodThreeGrammar.docx

Period ThreeGrammar & Writing语法精析现在完成进行时是一种兼有现在完成时和现在进行时基本特点的时态。其结构为“助动词have/hasbeen动词的现在分词”。一、用法1.表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作，可能刚刚停止，也可能还在继续进行。常见的时间状语有“for时间段，since时间点，thesedays/years，this week/month/year/morning.，recently，lately，inthepast/last.时间段”等。Theyhavebeenlivingherefortwentyyears.他们住在这里20年了。ChinahasbeendevelopingtherelationshipwithAfricainthepast50years.在过去的50年里，中国一直在发展同非洲的关系。2.表示动作刚刚结束。Ihavebeenwaitingforyouforabouthalfanhour.我等你大约半小时了。3.表示从过去到现在为止的一段时间内一再反复进行的动作或存在的状态，重复的动作表示感情色彩。Wehavebeenseeingeachotherquitealotrecently.最近我们经常见面。4.现在完成进行时表示“刚才”或“近来”发生的动作，也可表示直到说话时为止的一段时间内发生的动作。这一动作到说话时已结束，而且一般不再继续下去；这种用法主要表示某一动作所产生的结果或对现在的影响。Youhavebeencleaningthehouse，Ithink.我想你刚才一直在打扫房子吧。即时跟踪1用所给词的正确形式填空1.Georgehasntbeenfeeling(not，feel) verywellrecently.2.ImtiredbecauseIhavebeenpainting(paint) thelivingroomallday.3.Theforeignteachershavebeenworking(work) inourcollegeforeightyearsandtheydonthavetheintentiontoleave.4.JaneGoodallhasbeenstudying(study) chimpssince1960.5.Sheisverytiredbecauseshehasbeentyping(type) lettersallday.二、现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别现在完成进行时和现在完成时都可以表示某个动作从过去开始一直持续到现在。1.现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在，可能刚刚结束，也可能继续下去；还可表示动作的反复或带有感情色彩。现在完成时表示动作已经完成，强调动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。Ihavebeenwritingareport，butIhaventfinishedit.我一直在写一篇报告，但还没有写完。2.某些不能用于进行时态的感官动词和表思维活动或状态的动词同样也不能用于现在完成进行时。如动词be，see，hear，love，know，have，like，hate等。另外，不具有延续意义的动词(终止性动词)也不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。如finish，come，go，leave，arrive，marry，die等。3.现在完成进行时不用于被动语态，必要时，可用现在完成时的被动语态来代替。Theissuehasbeenstudiedforthreedays.这个问题已研究三天了。即时跟踪2.用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Wehavebeenmarried(marry) foralmost30years.2.Whathadyoubeendoing(do) beforeyouleftthecompany?.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Theyhavemarriedfor15years.married前加been2.Thehousehasbeenpaintingforamonth.paintingpainted高考链接用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Excuseme，whichmovieareyouwaitingfor? ThenewStarWars.Wehavebeenwaiting(wait) hereformorethantwohours.(2016北京) 2.Dashan，whohasbeenlearning(learn) crosstalk，theChinesecomedictradition，fordecades，wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.(2016江苏)3.Inthelastfewyears，Chinahasmade(make) greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.(2015北京)4.Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks, noagreementhasbeenreached(reach) sofarbythetwosides.(2015天津)5.Inmyhometown, thereisalwaysaharvestsupperforthefarmersafterallthewheathasbeen(be) cut.(2015重庆)6.WhereisPeter? Icantfindhimanywhere.Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastandhasbeenwriting(write) hisessaythereeversince.(2015福建)7.Martyhasbeenworking(work) reallyhardonhisbookandhethinkshellhavefinisheditbyFriday.(2015陕西)8.Tony，whyareyoureyesred?Ihavebeencutting(cut) uppeppersforthelastfiveminutes.(2014江西)9.Sincethetimehumankindstartedgardening，wehavebeentrying(try) tomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.(2014湖南)10.HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheYouthOlympicGamestobeheldinNanjing?Well，themediahavecovered(cover) itinavarietyofforms.(2014江苏)常用句式1.Thankyouforspendingtimeansweringthisquestionnaire.2.Wewouldliketolearnfromyouaboutyouropinionon.3.Wewillfindhowwecan.throughtheanswers.4.Weappreciateforyourhelp.5.Yourgenderis.6.Yourageis.7.Areyousatisfiedwith.?8.Ifyouarenotsatisfied，whatdoyouthinkaretheproblems?9.Thankyoufor.10.Wearetryingourbestto.典题示例请根据以下要点，写一份有关环保意识的调查问卷。内容要求：1.主题：环境保护；2.问题简单、明确，不可模棱两可；3.问题：810条。联想词汇1.环境保护environmentalprotection2.性别gender3.对感兴趣beinterestedin4.和无关havenothingtodowith5.注意payattentionto范文展示AwarenessofEnvironmentalProtectionQuestionnaireAge：()1315()1618Gender：()Male()FemaleYoulivein：(County)(City)(Province)(1)Areyouveryinterestedintheenvironmentalprotection?A.Yes.B.No.C.Alittle.D.Dontknow.(2)Doyouoftentalkabouttheconditionofenvironmentalprotectionwithyourfamily?A.Often.B.Sometimes.C.Seldom.D.Never.(3)Whatdoyouthinkoftheenvironmentalprotection?A.Farfromme.B.Havenothingtodowithme.C.Havealittletodowithme.D.Havemuchtodowithme.(4)WhatisthedateoftheWorldEnvironmentDay?A.July1.B.Apr.18.C.June5.D.Oct.18.(5)Whatdoyouthinkofyourknowledgeonenvironmentalprotection?A.Much.B.Little.C.Alittle.D.Dontknow.(6)Doyoupayattentiontosavingwaterandenergyinlife?A.Verymuch.B.Little.C.Alittle.D.Dontcare.(7)Atpresent，themostseriouspollutionis.A.waterpollutionB.wastepollutionC.airpollutionD.noisepollution(8)Themosteffectivewayofenvironmentalprotectionis.A.toparticipateinthepublicactivitiesB.toreadbooksaboutenvironmentalprotectionC.totrytolearninclassD.tomakemorepublicity(9)Whatdoyouthinkarethebenefitsofenvironmentalprotection?(10)Pleasegivesomeadviceon“Promoteawarenessofenvironmentalprotection”.Thankyoufortakingthetimetofillinthisquestionnaire！Weretryingourbesttoprotectourhome，ourearth!.用所给词的正确形式填空1.Iknowhim.Ihavemet(meet) himseveraltimes.2.Sincelastmonth，Ihavenotbeensleeping(not，sleep) well.3.Thepriceofhousinghasbeengoing(go) down，butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.4.WhenIhavestudied(study) thereportIllwritesomething.5.Iwonderwhyshehasntwritten(not，write) tomerecently.6.Hewilldowellinthecomingexambecausehehasbeenpreparing(prepare) foritthesedays.7.Someonehasbeenphoning(phone) youalltheafternoon.8.Wehavebeenworking(work) intherainfor20minutes.9.ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavespoken(speak) inpublic.10.Thenumberoftallbuildingshasincreased(increase) inourtowninthelastfewyears.完成句子11.Mr.Wanghasbeenwriting(写) thebookforweeks，butIwonderwhetherhehasfinishedit.12.Wehavebeendiscussing(讨论) thequestionallthemorningbutwehaventreachedaconclusion.13.Hehasbeenteaching(教学) foralmost20years，andhisclassesareneverdull.14.Wehaventseenyouforalongtime.Whathaveyoubeendoing(你一直在做) recently?15.Thebabyhasbeencrying(在哭泣) sincethismorning，whichhasmadehismotherupset.阅读理解A(2017安徽马鞍山二中高二上月考)TearsrandownfrommyeyesasIsawtheessaymyhighschoolEnglishteacherhadjusthandedback.Abig“F”waswrittenontop.Iwashopeless.Iwasstupid！Myfaceburnedwithshamewhenmyclassmatescalledmestupid.“ImtheonlyonewhodoesntknowmyABCs！”Isobbedtomum.“Illhelp，”shepromised.EverydayIsatwithher，buttome，catlookedlike“cta”and“red”wasreb.Frustrated，Iwouldreturntomybedroomanddraw，fillingthepaperwithhouses，restaurantsandoffices.“WhenIgrowup，Iwantmyownstore，”Itoldmum，pointingtomydrawings.“Thatsgreat！”shesaid, “Butfirstyouhavetolearntoread.”Later，Iwasdiagnosedwithdyslexia(失读症).Somumtookmetoalearningcentre，whereIwasgivenreadingexercises.ButIstillstruggled.Finally，Igraduated，butIwasafraidofmyreadingskills.“Illnevergetajob！”Icriedtomumlateragain.“Dontfocusonwhatyoucantdo，”shecomforted.“Concentrateonwhatyoucan.”ButwhatcanIdo？Iwondered.Suddenly，IthoughtofthedrawingsIdmadeasachildandmydreamofhavingmyownstore.Ienjoyedsalessomuchthatoverthenextfewyears，Itriedmyhandatotherbusinesses.Today，Iwatchoversevenbranches.Wehave187employeesand15millioninsales.WhileIllneverbewhatmyteachersmighthavewanted，Iamasuccessonmyownterms.Theotherdayastudentsentmeacard，reading：Yougavemesomuchconfidence.IhopetobelikeyouwhenIambig.Tearsofjoyfilledmyeyes.Thiswasmy“A”，Ismiled.16.Whydidtheauthorfeelsoashamedatschool?A.Histeacherscoldedhiminclass.B.Histeacherrefusedtoreadhisessay.C.Hefailedtohandinhisessayontime.D.Hisclassmateslookeddownuponhim.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Myfaceburnedwithshamewhenmyclassmatescalledmestupid.”可知，作者受到了同学们的嘲笑才感到很羞愧，故D项正确。17.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthorsfeelingtohismother?A.Doubtful.B.Grateful.C.Guilty.D.Annoyed.答案B解析推理判断题。由文章内容可知，在妈妈的耐心陪伴和鼓励下，作者找到了方向并最终取得了事业上的成功，由此可知，作者对妈妈心存感激，故B项正确。18.Whatdoyouknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthorssuccessinspiredakid.B.Theauthorsparentswereproudoftheirchild.C.Theauthorsetagoodexampletobusinessmen.D.Theauthorsteachermusthavefeltashamed.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Theotherdayastudentsentmeacard，reading：Yougavemesomuchconfidence.IhopetobelikeyouwhenIambig.”可知，作者的成功极大地鼓舞了一个学生，故A项正确。BAlthoughourrelianceonfossilfuels(化石燃料) hascreatedglobalwarming，wenowhavetheopportunitytobeginatransformationtowardsacleanenergyeconomyonethatissupportedbyhighlyefficientindustries，fueledbyclean，renewableresources，likewind，solarandgeothermal (地热的) energy，andbasedonmodernsmarttransportationplanning.AcleanenergyeconomyisawinforAmericanjobs.Studiesbyleadingresearchinstitutionshaveshownthatifweinvestincleanenergyoverfossilfuels，wewillcreatemoreAmericanjobs.AreportreleasedbytheUnitedSteelworkersandtheSierraClub，forexample，foundthatthankstothegrowthofwindenergy，about5,200manufacturingjobscouldbecreatedinIowaaloneoverthenextdecade.Additionalstudieshavefoundthatthousandsmorejobscouldbecreatedinotherstatesthathavesufferedindustryjoblossesandthatwelcometheopportunitytotrainworkersforthenewenergyeconomy.But，inordertofullytransittoacleanenergyeconomy，weneedourelectedofficialstotakeaction.Withoutpoliciesfromthegovernment，theprivatefieldmaycontinuetoinvestinold-fashioned，pollutingtechnologies.Morethan70coalplantswithouttechnologytocapturecarbonpollutionarenowbeingconsidered.Iftheseprojectsgoahead，thiswillbebillionsofdollarsinvestedintechnologythatisoutdatedandnot“cleancoal”.Weneedeffectivepoliciestopushgrowingcleanenergyindustriesforward.Eachofuscanplayaroleinbringingaboutthismuch-neededtransition.Tellyourbusinessandelectedleadersthatthenextgenerationdeservestogrowupinaworldpoweredbycleanenergy.Tellyourmayorthatyouwantcityplanningthatencouragesmoreefficientnewbuildingsandsidewalksandbikepathsthatmakeiteasytowalkorrideabike.Tellyourstateandnationalofficialstoinvestinenergygrids (电力网) thatcandeliverrenewableenergytoeveryone.Tellyourcompanythatinsteadofold-stylecoalpoweryouwanttobuysolar，wind，orgeothermalenergy.Tellyourelectedofficialsthatyouwantnationalpoliciesthatencourageinvestorstomakelong-termcommitmentstocleanenergy.19.Theunderlinedpart“atransformation”inParagraph1refersto“”.A.achangefromfossilfuelstocleanenergyB.achoiceforfossilfuelsC.achanceofdevelopingmodernindustriesD.achoiceforglobalwarming答案A解析词义猜测题。前面指化石燃料，后面提到用干净的能源，两者之间是一种改变，故答案为A。20.AccordingtoParagraph2，acleanenergyeconomy.A.hashelpeddevelopmorewindenergyB.isquitebeneficialtoordinarypeopleC.hasdevelopedfastinmoststatesoftheUSD.isvaluedbythegovernmentsaroundtheworld答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中的“.ifweinvestincleanenergyoverfossilfuels，wewillcreatemoreAmericanjobs.”可推断，它能够增加就业机会，对普通人很有好处，故答案为B。21.Whichofthefollowingisamajorconcerntothegovernmentaccordingtothepassage?A.Investmentsincleanenergy.B.Coalplantswithoutadvancedtechnology.C.Technologyforcapturingcarbonpollution.D.Policiesonthegooduseofcleanenergy.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Withoutpoliciesfromthegovernment.”和最后一句“Weneedeffectivepoliciestopushgrowingcleanenergyindustriesforward.”可知，答案为D。.语法填空(2017山东淄川一中高二上月考)Aftermidnightitbeganpouringdown.Suddenly，bythelightofthelightning，wesaw22.asteamboatinthemiddleoftheriver，andweweresailingstraighttowardsit.JimandIboardedthatsinkingship,23.thinking(think) thatwemightfindsomething24.useful(use) ontheboat.Toour25.astonishment(astonish)，wesawalightandsomepeopleinacabin.JimwastoofrightenedtogoonbutIfeltcurious，wondering26.whatwashappening.SoIputmyheadroundthedoorandthenIfoundtwomen.Onewasshort，withabeard；the27.otherwastallandhadsomethinginhishand28.thatlookedlikeagun.Theyaregoingtokillthemanlyingonthefloor，whowas29.tied(tie) upwithrope.Itriedtosavehim，soIfoundJimandtoldhimwhatI30.hadheard (hear).Atthenews，helooked31.terrified(terrify)，butIpersuadedhimtohelpmetaketheirboataway.Aswepaddledaway，weheardthetwomenshouting，bythenwewereasafedistanceaway.短文改错(2016福建莆田二中高二上月考)Idliketotellyousomethingmoreaboutmyschoolsportsmeet.ItwasholdingattheendofSeptember，duringwhichwehadgoodweatheralltime.Therewasover1,000studentsandteachersattendedit.WangLi，astudentfrommyclasswonthe100-meterrace.Shefinishedtheracefor12.6secondsbutbroketheschoolrecord.Thesportsmeetisreallyasuccess.Thatwasbecausewewerealltryingtodomybest.AlthoughIwasoneofthewinners，Iwasstillveryproud.答案Idliketotellyousomethingmoreaboutmyschoolsportsmeet.ItwasattheendofSeptember，duringwhichwehadgoodweatheralltime.Ther