新概念第二册21课被动语态.ppt

,动词语态 英语动词有两种语态 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 Many people speak English.(主动语态) English is spoken by many people.(被动语态),Read the following sentences 1.It is called a stamp. 2.Whats it made of? 3.Which language is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. 4.English is used very widely as a foreign language, 5.Silk is produced in Suzhou. 6.Where are bananas grown?,二.模仿上列句子连词成句,Silk, produce, in Hangzhou. Cars, make, in Tianjin. tea, grow, in Fujian. English, speak, in Australia. Glass, produce, in Germany. Ships, make , in Japan.,被动语态构成,助动词+及物动词的过去分词 （ be + P.P.),以see为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式,肯定句，否定句及疑问句如下。,Cars are made in Changchun. Cars are not made in Changchun. -Are cars made in Changchun? (-Yes, they are./No,they arent.) Where are cars made? p26,Read text-2,When can we use the passive voice?,不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动 作的执行者时。,My bike was stolen last night. 昨晚我的自行车被偷了。 Letters are collected at eight every morning. 信件每天早晨八点收取。,The desk was made by Master Wang. 这张课桌是王师傅做的。 The bag was taken away by his sister. 那个口袋是她姐姐提走的。,2. 为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。,被动语态使用方法,Article1_popwin_title,3. 为了更好地安排句子。,The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 那个名人一上车就立刻被大家认出来了。,I have a new skirt. It was given to me as a birthday present by my aunt. 我有条新裙子。它是我阿姨送给我作为生日礼物的。,4. 在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。如：,将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。 将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构。 将主动语态的主语改为介词 by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。,主动语态改为被动语态的方法,将下列句子改成被动语态。 1.We use English as a foreign language. ,English is used as a foreign language( by us),2. People write business letters in English ,Business letters are written( by people) in English.,3.They make telephone calls in English. ,Telephone calls are made( by them) in English.,4.Travelers and business people use English. ,English is used by travelers and business.,5.Farmers grow rice in Zhejiang. ,Rice is grown by farmers in Zhejiang.,过去 时,含情态动词的被动语态,A man killed Jack. Han Mei found Granny books. They built the bridge. ,Jack was killed (by a man).,Granny books were found by Han Mei.,The bridge was built .,He can answer the question. We must plant trees in spring. Nurse should take care of the children. ,The question can be answered (by him.),Trees must be planted in spring.,Children should be taken care of.,主动语态变为被动语态时注意,含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况: Eg He gave the boy an apple. (1)把间接宾语改为主语,直接宾语保留不变: The boy was given an apple (2)把直接宾语改为主语,此时,间接宾语前要 加to或for. An apple was given to the boy. (give, pass, show, send- to ) (buy, draw, make, -for ),3.短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏. We must take good care of the young trees. Young trees must be taken good care of.,4. 带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语. He cut his hair short. His hair was cut short. They told him to help me. He was told to help me. 5. 注意: 不及物动词不能用被动语态happen ,take place, appear,take care of / look after / take off / look at / send for / look up,Eg The old man should be taken good care of .,主动表示被动情况 1 某些VI 动词表被动含义如 carry out / lock open / read /teach / wash / write 用来说明主语性质特征,常与 not / hardly / well /easily / badly /nicely 等连用 Meat cuts easily . The car drove easily . His novel sells well 某些感观动词表被动含义如 feel / look / taste / smell / sound This shirt feels much softer than that one. This orange tastes nice .,3 某些动词表被动含义如 weigh / measure / cost / last / break out / take place /happen,The meeting lasted two hours . 4 get / come / go + P.P 表示被动含义 用来强调动作结果或表示出乎意料的偶然事件. come / go 常与否定连用 They got delayed because of the holiday traffic . The womans complaints went unnoticed.,5 在 need / want / require / deserve + doing 句型中,动名词表示被动.,The garden needs watering = The garden needs to be watered . 6 有些动词的不定式( blame / let / rent 用主动表被动 Nobody was to blame for the accident . The house is to let . 7一些介词短语用作定语或表语时表被动 The thief was under arrest . Apples are on sale .,How many Harry Porter books has J.K.Rowling written?,She has written seven Harry Porter books .,Seven Harry Porter books have been written by J.K.Rowling.,Change the following sentences into active or passive voice.,1. Liu Xiang has ever broken the world record.,The world record has ever been broken by Liu Xiang.,2. The floor has been cleaned by my mother.,My mother has cleaned the floor.,3. Yao Ming has been pushed over by a fat basketball player.,A fat basketball player has pushed Yao Ming over .,4. I havent cleaned the room for weeks.,The room hasnt been cleaned by me for weeks.,5.We have been invited to take part in his wedding.,He has invited us to take part in his wedding.,6.My father has given up smoking so far.,Smoking has been given up so far.,7.Someone has opened my bag.,My bag has been opened by someone.,8.All the letters have already been sent by the postmen.,The postmen have already sent all the letters.,2. I like these English songs and they _ many times on the radio.(2008安徽) taught B. have taught C. are teaching D. have been taught,D,When you get the paper back, pay attention to what _.(2007四川) have marked have been marked had marked had been marked,B,10. 现在完成时的被动语态： 主语 + _/_ + _+ _ + (by + _) e.g. Someone has stolen my bag. (主动语态) My bag _ been _ by someone. (被动语态) We havent found the answer to the question. (主动语态) The answer to the question _ been _ by us. (被动语态),have,has,被动语态,been,过去分词,名词,has,stolen,hasnt,found,11. 情态动词表示推测的被动语态： e.g. 她唱得真好。我想她以前肯定是名歌手。 他今天没有来上学，肯定是病了。 - Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? - She _ in the classroom. I saw her there just now. (2009年重庆高考) A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been.,C,She sings so well. I think she must have been a singer.,He doesnt come to school today. He must be ill.,将下列句子改为被动语态：,We often use a recorder in our English class. The parents found the boy in the street. 3. We must clean the blackboard. 4. I saw her reading a book hours ago.,A recorder is often used( by us )in our English class.,The boy was found (by the parents) in the street,The blackboard must be cleaned (by us).,She was seen reading a book hours ago.,6.Someone has stolen my bike. They are building a house. My family will buy a computer next week.,My bike has been stolen .,A house is being built .,A computer will be bought next week.,（二） I often buy Mother something. My brother gave me a book. We can hear her sing this song. The boys words made us laugh.,Mother is often bought something.,Something is often bough for Mother.,I was given a book.,A book was given to me.,She can be heard to sing this song.,We were made to laugh by the boys words.,4. She should look up the new words in a dictionary. 5. The old man put on a hat.,The new words should be looked up in a dictionary.,A hat was put on.,1 The silence of the library _only by the sound of pages being turned over . A has been broken B breaks C broke D was broken Sarah ,hurry up ,I m afraid you wont have time to _before the party . A get changed B get change C get changing D get to change,D,A,3 Rain forests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future . A cut B are cut C are being cut D had been cut 4 I need one more stamp before my collection _. A has completed B completes C has been completed D is completed,C,D,5 All the preparations for the task _, and we are ready to start . A completed B had been completed C have been completed D complete 6 Hundreds of jobs _if the factory closes. A lost B will be lost C are lost D will lose,C,B,7 He told us to keep a secret of the things _. A discussing B to discuss C being discussed D having discussed 8 The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for t