高考英语一轮复习unit2cloning课件新人教版选修8

Unit 2 Cloning,-2-,主题语境:人与社会科技发展与信息技术创新,科学家精神,信息安全,-3-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.differ vi. 不同;相异 高考佳句 Because a college community differs from the family,many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.(2016北京卷)因为大学社区与家庭不同,许多学生都会努力寻找一种归属感。 (1)difference n. 不同之处 (2)different adj. 不同的 (3)A differs from B in.A与B在方面不同。 (4)differ with sb on/over/about sth在某事上与某人意见不一致,-4-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 Humans differ other animals their ability to speak. I have to differ with you that.,from in,about/on/over,-5-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)一句多译 英式英语和美式英语在单词的发音和拼写方面有明显的区别。 (differ) (different) (difference),British English differs obviously from American English in pronunciation and spelling. British English is obviously different from American English in pronunciation and spelling. There are obvious differences between British English and American English in pronunciation and spelling.,(3)介词填空 The two squares differ color but not size. The husband differs the wife who is to take charge of the money. This is a different car the one I drove yesterday.,in in,with on/about/over,from,-6-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.undertake v.(undertook;undertaken)着手;从事;承担;保证,答应 教材原句It is a difficult task to undertake.(Page 11)这是一项很难完成的任务。 (1)undertake sth着手/从事/承担某事 (2)undertake to do sth保证/答应做某事 (3)undertake that.保证 四维热练完成句子 The company has announced that it will a full investigation the accident(对这次事故进行全面调查). He (答应完成)the work by Friday.,undertake,into,undertook to finish,-7-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.objection n.不赞成;反对;异议 经典例句 Id like to come too,if you have no objection.如果你不反对,我也想来。 (1)object vi. 反对;不赞成 n. 物体;目标 (2)object to sb/sth不赞成某人/某事 (3)object to doing sth反对做某事 (4)object that.反对 (5)have an objection to反对 (6)have/make an objection to/against (doing) sth对(做)某事表示反对,-8-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 Unless our manager objects to Toms (join) the club,we shall accept him as a member. Despite (object) by the White House,the Senate voted today to cut off aid. Most students object to (charge) for parking on the campus.,(2)一句多译 一些同学反对这个方案。 Some students the plan.(object) Some students .(objection) Some students the plan.(against),joining,objections,being charged,object to,have/make an objection to the plan,are against,-9-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.obtain vt. 获得;赢得 经典例句He failed to obtain a scholarship. 他没有获得奖学金。 词语辨析 obtain,acquire,gain,earn与achieve obtain意为“获得,买到”。指通过努力或请求得到,含有满足要求或达到目的的意味,用于正式语体中; acquire意为“经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等”,也可用于“对财物等的获得”,强调“一经获得就会长期持有”。 gain意为“通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处”;亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。 earn意为“挣得,赢得”。指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。 achieve意为“得到;获得”,多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。,-10-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练完成句子 I havent been able to (买到那本书)anywhere. Details can be (从获得)the Ministry of Education.,obtain that book,obtained from,-11-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.forbid vt. (forbade,forbad;forbidden) 禁止;不准 教材原句Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning.(Page 12)有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度,禁止进行克隆人的研究 (1)forbid sb to do sth禁止某人做某事 (2)forbid doing sth禁止做某事 (3)forbid that.禁止(从句中常用“should+动词原形”) 温馨提示forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式做宾语,而是跟动词-ing形式做宾语,也可用 forbid sb to do sth形式,有类似用法的单词还有 allow,permit,advise 等。,-12-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 Its forbidden (marry) someone who is not a member of the same faith in that country. The new law forbids (smoke) in offices. Everyone is forbidden (smoke) here. (2)写作升级 We are forbidden to play on the lawn belonging to him.(用it做形式主语改写) 满分表达,to marry,smoking,to smoke,Its forbidden for us to play on the lawn belonging to him.,-13-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(3)完成句子 Our school (不允许学生吸烟). Smoking should (禁止) in public places.,forbids students to smoke,be forbidden,-14-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,6.owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于 经典例句 We owe this discovery to Newton. 我们的这一发现归功于牛顿。 (1)owe sb sth或owe sth to sb欠某人债 (2)owe.to.把归功于 (3)owe it to sb that.多亏某人帮忙 (4)owing to=because of“因为,由于”,后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式做宾语,构成介词短语,表原因。,-15-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 Owing bad weather,this mornings flight will be delayed. He owed $300 me. I owe everything him.,to,to,to,-16-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)一句多译 由于下雨,运动会不得不推迟。 ,the sports meeting had to be put off.(owing to) ,the sports meeting had to be put off.(because of) ,the sports meeting had to be put off.(on account of),Owing to the rain Because of the rain On account of the rain,-17-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.pay off 得到好结果;取得成功(常用主动态);偿清;付清工资并解雇 经典例句 At last,his hard work paid off.最后,他的努力得到了回报。 (1)pay for付的钱 (2)pay back 偿还 (3)pay sb for sth因某事而付某人,-18-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 That I can pay the help people give me makes me happy. He had to work part-time so as to pay his education. The efforts made by Jack and his parents paid . Would you like to pay a visit us when you are free?,back,for,off,to,-19-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)写作升级 If you learn to read better and write better,there are big benefits that pay off in all your studies.(用现在分词短语做定语改写) 满分表达If you learn to read better and write better,there are big benefits .,paying off in all your studies,-20-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.in favour of 赞成;支持 经典例句 I am in favour of stopping work now.我赞成现在停止工作。 (1)in favour赞同;流行;得宠 (2)in favour with sb受某人支持 (3)in sbs favour 对某人有利 (4)out of favour 失宠;不流行 (5)do sb a favour=do a favour for sb帮某人忙 (6)do sb the favour to do sth帮某人做 (7)owe sb a favour 欠某人情,-21-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练完成句子 Are you cloning or cloning? 你是支持还是反对克隆(技术)? There were 247 votes (同意) the plan and 152 against. The exchange rate is (对我们有利)at the moment. Could you (帮我个忙)and pick up Sam from school?,in favour of against,in favour of,in our favour,do me a favour,-22-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,Could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure?(Page 12)如果改进研究程序,问题会不会解决呢? 句型:if引导的虚拟条件句,-23-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,温馨提示(1)当if引导的虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有had,should,were时,可将if省略,而将had,should,were置于句首,采用倒装结构。若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式,不能用谓语动词的省略形式。 (2)当条件句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称作“错综时间条件句”,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。 (3)有时不是用条件句而是由介词(without没有)、介词短语(but for要不是)、连词(but但是)、副词(otherwise否则)等或上下文来含蓄地表示某种假设的情况。,-24-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 Had I kn