2019年高考英语专题三阅读理解高考命题20生态环保类精选题.docx

生态环保类A(2018河北邯郸高三质检)To fight for the conservation of forest ecosystem, several ecologists including Daniel Janzen convinced Del Oro, an orange juice producer, to donate part of his forestland to a national park. In return, Del Oro was allowed to throw large amounts of waste in the form of orange peels(皮) on a 3hectare piece of land within the national park at no cost. Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill, so the proposal was very attractive.But a year later, another juice company challenged the deal in court, arguing that its competitor was “polluting a national park”. The company ended up winning, and the deal between Del Oro and the national park fell through.Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange peel story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier. What he found shocked him.“While I would walk over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields, Id have to climb through undergrowth and cut paths through walls of vines(藤) in the orange peel site itself，” said Timothy Treuer. Treuer and his team spent months picking up samples(样品), analyzing and comparing them. They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were not. The area with orange waste had richer soil.The effect that the orange peels had on the land is probably not that surprising to people familiar with composting(将制成堆肥), but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange “ruined” a national park and stopped it from going forward. Now that Timothy Treuers study has received worldwide attention, this type of “ruining” is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.1. What did Del Oro usually do with orange peels?AAdded them to fuel.BFed them to animals.CBurned or buried them.DMade them into cakes.2What can we know about the deal between Del Oro and the national park?AIt lasted 15 years.BIt was signed by Treuer.CIt was made in about 1998.DIt was broken by Del Oro.3What was Treuers finding?AOrange peels contain much fibre.BOrange peels can make soil richer.COrange peels rot away in a short time.DOrange waste ruined the national park.4What is the authors attitude toward the judge mentioned in the last paragraph?ADisapproving. BPositive.CWorried. DAdmirable.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一家橙汁公司和一个国家公园达成协议，橙汁公司把部分土地捐给公园，便可以把橙皮倒在公园的一块地上，多年后公园的这块地比其他的土地要肥沃。由此表明，橙皮对土地有好处，这也是恢复森林的一个好办法。1C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill, so the proposal was very attractive.”可知，德尔奥罗通常将橙皮烧掉或者填埋。2C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange peel story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier.”可知，2013年，蒂莫西特罗伊尔决定看看这块15年前被果皮覆盖的地。据此可以推断，这个协议大约是在1998年达成的。3B解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“The area with orange waste had richer soil.”可知，橙皮能够使土壤更加肥沃。4A解析：观点态度题。根据最后两段可知，橙皮对土壤是有好处的。再根据最后一段的“but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange ruineda national park and stopped it from going forward”可知，作者认为法官判定终止协议这件事是错误的。由此推断作者对法官的做法是不赞成的。disapproving意为“不赞成的”；positive意为“赞同的；拥护的”；worried意为“担心的”；admirable意为“令人钦佩的”。B(2018河北石家庄高三质检)Flat Holm is a picturesque landmass located in Britains Bristol Channel. The areas low energy needs have therefore been fulfilled using oldfashioned solar panels(板) and a diesel generator(柴油发电机). The beautiful island is now, however, becoming increasingly popular with tourists wishing to explore the rural landscape and view the islands seabird colonies.Though this is welcome news, meeting the islands growing energy needs without damaging its environment is a challenge. Flat Holm team leader Natalie Taylor says, “Its really important that we have a really high functioning system. From an environmental point of view, we want to reduce the use of diesel generators so that we can have as small an ecological footprint as possible.”Fortunately, UKbased startup Renovagen had the perfect solution. The companys Rapid Roll Solar PV system consists of flexible solar panels that can be unrolled like a carpet from a trailer(拖车) and instantly put to work.According to the company, a small panel can provide 11kW of power within two minutes.The technology is the brainchild of Renovagens Managing Director John Hingley, who came up with the idea after seeing something used as a backup battery for mobile devices about five years ago. In addition to being easy to unfold, the rollable panels are also more costeffective to transport. Hingley says，“Compared with traditional rigid panels, we can fit up to 10 times the power in this size container.”The solar panel “carpets”， laid on the island in early October, are being used to provide electricity to its pub and lighthouse. In addition to providing power to remote islands like Flat Holm, Hingley hopes the Rapid Roll technology will be useful in areas affected by natural disasters. A good example is Puerto Rico, where most people have been without electricity since Hurricane Maria destroyed the power lines.1.What leads to Flat Holms increasing energy needs?AIts growing number of tourists.BIts remote location.CThe damage to its environment.DThe power system failure.2Where does the difficulty lie to increase energy supply to Flat Holm?AReusing diesel generators. BProtecting its environment.CAbandoning old solar panels. DReducing transport cost.3How do the new solar panels differ from the old ones?AThey cost less. BThey are smaller.CThey are portable. DThey are hard to operate.4What gave Hingley inspiration of the Rapid Roll technology?AA natural disaster. BA similar invention.CHis life on the island. DTraditional rigid panels.答案：【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国布里斯托尔湾上的一座美丽小岛由于游客增多，需要更多的能源供应。一家公司设计出可卷曲的太阳能电池板为小岛的酒吧和灯塔供电，既解决了电力供应问题，又解决了环境保护问题。1A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The beautiful island is now, however，becoming increasingly popular with tourists wishing to explore the rural landscape