中考英语语法复习之数词专项.doc

中考英语语法复习之数词专项A 基数词：表示事物数量的词，叫基数词。两座桥：two bridges; 20个战士：twenty soldiers;一基数词的词形(1)从1到12是独立的数词：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve。(2)从13到19：在个位数后-teen。thirteen, fifteen, eighteen, nineteen(3)从20到90的各整十位数都以-ty结尾。twenty, thirty, fifty, eighty, ninety(4)20到100之间的其余的两位数，要在十位和个位之间加连字符号“-” 。twenty-five, thirty-two, ninety-eight(5)百位以上的数词，要在百位和十位(没有十位则和个位)之间加and。258：two hundred and fifty-eight；101：one hundred and one；(6)英语中的数词每3位一个单位：hundred（百）- thousand（千）- million（百万）- billon（十亿）10,000,000,000,0004002：four thousand and two7059：seven thousand and fifty nine(7) hundred, thousand, million的用法数字+hundred +名词复数 = hundreds/thousands/millions of + 名词复数“前有后无，前无后有”two million 200万 hundreds of成百上千的 thousands of 成千上万二. 基数词的读法读数时，从左向右三位三位地按照三位数读法读，遇上逗号就分别加上该逗号所表示的数词。例如：43，982，567forty-there millon, nine hundred and eighty-two thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven三. 基数词的用法1.基数词与名词连用表示编号。Lesson Eight 第八课；Class One, Grade Three 三年级一班；Room 102 102号房间No.4 Middle School 四中；38 Changan Street 长安街38号；Bus No.10 10路公共汽车2.数词复数表示年龄和年代、月份和日期。1）表确切年龄注意：年代是四位数时，各分成二位来读：19 98年：读作：nineteen ninety eight。日期按序数词读：7月10日读作July tenth。表示年代或人的不确切岁数，用几十的复数形式in the 1960s二十世纪六十年代 in ones +数词复数在某人几十多岁in the forties 在40年代 The old man is now in his eighties.这位老人现在已经80多岁了。2）表示年、月、日in 1992 在1992年；in June, 1966 在1966年6月；on July 28, 1978 在1978年7月28号3）基数词用于表示时间。表示时间有两种方法：表示“几点过几分”，30分钟之内用介词past。八点十分ten past eight 九点一刻 a quarter past nine 1230 half past twelve表示“几点差几分”，30分钟之内(不包括30分整)，用介词to。(750) ten to eight (845) a quarter to nine (1250) ten to one 也可以按照时刻表直接读数字。二点四十two forty 五点半five thirty 七点一刻seven fifteen 九点零五nine 0 fiveB 序数词：表示数目的顺序或事物的位置的词，叫作序数词。一序数词的形式1.从第一到第三为独立的特殊形式 first, second, third.2.从第4到第19 以基数词加“th”构成：fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth ，tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth， fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth3.第20以上的的序数词 从20到90等以ty 结尾的十位整数，把 y 改成i再加 “eth”构成序数词twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth4.100的序数词为：hundredth。5.其余的两位或多位数，只将个位改成序数词 ，其余仍用基数词表示：twenty-first, thirty-second, fortythird two hundred and ninth-eighth(第298)three thousand, seven hundred and twenty-first(第3721)注意：二.序数词的用法（1）序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词the ；但是如果序数词前出现物主代词，则不需要加the;His first birthday;(2)序数词可以表示日期（用在天数的后面）。Its September the first today. 今天是9月1日。It happened on September 18th, 1931. 这发生在1931年9月18日。(3)序数词可以表示编号。the twelfth lesson (=Lesson12) 第十二课 the second paragaph (=Paragraph Two) 第二段the fourth Middle School (=No.4 Middle School) 第四中学the thirty eighth room(=Room 38) 第38号房间 the tenth page (Page 10)第10页三、数词的特定表示法和读法(1) 分数表示法分数的构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子如果大于1，分母序数词一般用复数形式。1/2：a (one) half, 1/3：a (one) third, 1/4：a quarter 2/5：two fifths, 3/4：three quarters注意：数词与表示单位的名词一起使用作定语时，单位名词必须用单数。二十英镑的纸币：a twenty pound note(2) 数词前加every ,表示每/每隔 .every ten days =every ninth day 每十天(每隔九天)注:every +基数词 +复数名词 = every + (序数词-1) +单数名词(3) “多少又一半”的表达法:基数词 + and + a half +名词复数 = 基数词 +名词(单数/复数) +and +a halfhalf an hour半小时two and a half hours = two hours and a half( ) 1. Lincoln was born on _. A. February 12, 1809 B. 1809, February 12 C. 1809, 12 February D. February 1809,12( ) 2. A _ boy can sing the English song very well. A. ten-year-old B. ten years old C. ten-year-old D. fifth years old( ) 3. An hour later, _ minister was sent to see the “magic cloth” woven by those two men. A. two B. the second C. the two D. second( ) 4. Abraham Lincoln was _ President of the United States. A. 16 B. the 16 C. 16th D. the 16th( ) 5. Do you think there is any room for us _ ? A. two B. the two C. second D. the second( ) 6. How many students are there in your class? _. A. Twenty nine B. Thirty and two C. Forty-five D. fifties( ) 7. Which number is wrong? _. A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth( ) 8. The Peoples Liberation Army was founded _. A. on August 1, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 August C. on August 1st, 1927 D. in August 1, 1927( ) 9. The number 4,123 is read _. A.four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B. four thousand and one hundred twenty-three C.four thousand and a hundred and twenty-three D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three( ) 10. The old professor still works hard though he is _. A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty( ) 11. This classroom is _ ours. A. three times big as B. as three times big as C. three times as big as D. as big three times as( ) 12. The basketball team of our school ranks _ in the match. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third( ) 13. Which is the car that he drives? Its _. A. fifty two B. the fifty-two cars C. the car fifty four D. the fifty-fourth car( ) 14. Which of the following is wrong? _. A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15. C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old.( ) 15. Our school is not very big. There are only _ students. A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of( ) 16. How many new words are there in _ lesson? There are only _. A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five( ) 17. _, Coca-Cola began to enter Chinas market. A. In 1970s B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s D. In the 1970s( ) 18. There was no bus in that small town. We had a _. A. ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten miles walk D. tenth mile walk( ) 19. Today is the first day and _. A. Tuesday is fourth B. Thursday is the fourth C. second is Tuesday D. a second is Thursday( ) 20. Which room do you live in? _. A. The 201 Room B. Room 201 C. Room 201st D. The 201s Room( ) 21. How many magazines do you have? I have _. A. two B. both C. twice D. the second( ) 22. Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means _. A. 3,170 B. 3,117 C. 300,170 D. 30,170( ) 23. On May _, _ people traveled round the country. A. the first, millions B. the first, millions of C. first, the millionth D. first, millions( ) 24. _ of them are dining at school. A. Twelve B. Twelfth C. The twelve D. the 12th( ) 25. Its 7:17 is read _. A. seven and seventeen B. seven seven C. seven one seven D. seven seventeen( ) 26. Four _ two is two. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 27. Three _ five is eight. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 28. Three _ seven is twenty-one. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 29. Forty-two _ seven is six. A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 30. There are _ days in a year. A. three hundred sixty and five B. three hundred and sixty-five C. three hundreds and sixty-five D. three hundred sixty-five( ) 31. There are _ students in that school. A. two thousand eight-six B. two thousand eighty-six C. two thousand and eighty-six D. two thousands and eighty-six( ) 32. It took me _ to get there. A. two hours and a half B. two hours and half C. two hour and a half D. two hour and half( ) 33. September is _ month of the year. A. the nineth B. the ninth C. nineth D. ninth( ) 34. Please pass me _ book on the left. A. third B. three