英语中考专题二形容词和副词.doc

英语中考专题二 形容词和副词(一) 形容词的用法和位置1 形容词用作表语，放在连系动词（be, look，smell，taste，sound，feel，become，get，turn，keep，seem等）的后面。如：The passengers cant go back home on time for the Spring festival, for the snow is so heavy.记住:1） look只有在解释看起来的时候才是当作连系动词，做题时要正确分析look的意思。如：After hearing the good news of the trains arrival, he looked very happy.After hearing the good news of the trains arrival, he looked happily at me.2） keep解释保持时是连系动词。如：Though it keeps snowing heavily, he keeps warm by exercising while waiting for the train.2 形容词用作定语。1）形容词修饰名词放在名词前面，做前置定语。 如: The conductor has important news to tell the passengers.2) 形容词修饰复合不定代词放在复合不定代词后面，作后置定语。 如：The conductor has something important to tell the passengers.3 形容词用作宾语补足语。如：Though the passengers find the weather terrible, theyre very excited because they will go back home to spend the Spring Festival with their family.记住:1) 修饰名词一般用形容词，但是如果是表示种类、用途和地点的，则要用名词修饰名词，如：an apple tree, a coffee cup, a shop window. 所以，在做题时特别是词性转换时要使用正确的词性作修饰成分，如我们不能说busy hours，而应说business hours.2) else在使用时，必须放在疑问代词和复合不定代词的后面，如：something else, what else.3) 做题时，要注意形容词和名词的正确搭配，如我们用 high或 low来修饰 temperature，用 hot或 cold来修饰 weather。 练习Choose the best answer:1 She is _ that she will fail in the exam. A) frightened B) afraid C) afriad D) worry2 Though she was _ at home, she didnt feel _ at all because she was busy going over her lessons. A) alonealone B) alonelonely C) lonelylonely D) lonelyalone 3 The tsunami（海啸） is very _. It can make a large number of people homeless. A) exciting B) awful C) frightened D) surprising4 Is there _ enough to fight with the monster? A) anyone brave B) brave anyone C) someone brave D) brave someone5 Ive got _ to tell you. A) interesting something B) something interesting C) interesting anything D) anything interesting6 Do you want _ ? A) else something B) something else C) else anything D) anything else7 A comic strip should be full of action to keep the readers _. A) interesting B) interested C) uninterested D) interests 8 Children are all _ in_ comic strips. A) interestinginterested B) interestedinteresting C) interestinginteresting D) interestedinterested9 He doesnt seem as _ as his brother. A) happily B) happier C) happy D) happiness10 The guests all thought it tastes _. A) nice B) badly C) well D) wonderfully11 “Am I _ go home?” the sick man asked the doctor. A) good enough B) so well to C) well enough to D) too well to12 Perhaps there wont be _ for everybody on the earth in the future. A) enough room B) many rooms C) little space D) a little space13 The man finished writing _ report in a week. A) a eight-thousand-word B) an eight-thousand-words C) eight-thousand-word D) an eight-thousand-word14 To our surprise, such a big bag was very light. Here light means _. A) little B) short C) great D) not heavy15 What a _ child he is ! A) lovely B) timidly C) beautifully D) unusual16 Emma hardly makes mistakes in her homework. She is _. A) care B) careful C) carefully D) careless17 Miss Black always makes her students _ in her English lessons. A) interest B) interests C) interested D) interesting18 Toms father seemed _ with his progress. A) sadly B) angrily C) happy D) happily19 The music sounds _. A) sweetly B) horribly C) easily D) lovely20 We all know that Mr. Green was not _ with the poem. A) pleasant B) please C) pleasing D) pleased21 This is a _ experience, not a dream. A) true B) real C) truly D) really22 The Bund looks _ at night. A) wonderfully B) famous C) beautiful D) well23 Its _ knowledge that the earth moves around the sun. A) common B) unusual C) strange D) interesting24 The dishes in this restaurant are so _ that its business is very good. A) delicious B) dilicious C) taste D) well25 The shop _ from 8:00am to 8:pm every day. A) opens B) is opened C) is open D) is opening26 The lecture was so _ that most of the listeners went to sleep. A) bored B) dull C) interesting D) exciting27 The Beatles are very _ to the people who love rock and roll. A) interested B) familiar C) attracted D) fond28 You can enjoy the _ air in the mountain village. A) bright B) fresh C) heavy D) fair29 Running is a(an) _ sport. A) team B) individual C) fun D) bored30 The opposite word of ancient is _. A) old B) modern C) popular D) fashion31 These children are from ordinary families. A) usual B) strange C) unusual D) simple32 Cycling is an _ activity. A) indoor B) outdoor C) helpful D) popular33 She works as a secretary. But she also has a _ job. A) full-time B) part-time C) good-paid D) excited34 The opposite word of public is _. A) common B) private C) popular D) publish35 You should keep _ while listening to the steps. A) quiet B) quite C) quilt D) quit 36 Who should be _ for this accident? A) duty B) reasonable C) responsible D) explain37 Take some pills before getting on the bus, or you will feel _. A) sick B) terribly C) trouble D) comfortable38 How silly you are to go out without an umbrella in such kinds of bad weather! A) stupid B) fool C) bright D) wise39 Do you know the _ dish of this restaurant? A) special B) especial C) well-know D) taste40 She is too timid to say a word at the party. A) upset B) shy C) worried D) silentAnswers to the exercises in thepart of choosing the best answers:1 C 2 B 3 B 4 A 5 B 6 D 7 B 8 B 9 C 10 A 11 C 12 A 13 D 14 D 15 A 16 B 17 C 18 C 19 D 20 D 21 B 22 C 23 A 24 A 25 B 26 B 27 B 28 B 29 B 30 B 31 A 32 B 33 B 34 B 35 A 36 C 37 A 38 A 39 A 40 B（二）副词的用法和位置1 修饰形容词用作状语，一般放在形容词的前面。 如：The passengers are very worried about the weather. The little girl was too disappointed to say a word because her father couldnt come back home on time.2 修饰动词用作状语，一般放在动词的后面。 如： It is snowing heavily. The conductor tells the passengers to stay inside until the snow stops.3 修饰整个句子用作状语，放在句首。 如：Luckily, the conductor told them that train would start soon.4 修饰副词用作状语，一般放在被修饰的副词的前面。 如：The conductor is very tired after one-day work because she has worked too hard.Things to remember:1) 表示频度来修饰动词用作状语的副词，要放在连系动词、情态动词或助动词的后面，行为动词的前面。如：The passengers often go back home to spend the holiday with their family. But they have never met such a storm in the last 50 years.2）副词的词形副词的词形分单纯性和派生性。单纯性副词如：today, rather, there, however等等。派生性副词由形容词加-ly变过来的。它们的转换方式有：（1）一般由形容词加-ly构成，如：bad-badly, clear-clearly（2）当形容词以-y结尾时，将y改为i再加-ly,如：easy-easily, lucky-luckily但是有些词虽然是以-ly结尾的，却不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly, lovely（3）有些形容词和副词同形，如：hard, early, enough等，既可以作形容词，也可以作副词，如：Its hard to say what the weather will be like tomorrow. (形容词) The conductor works hard to satisfy the passengers.3) enough作为形容词，修饰名词，要放在名词的前面，如：The conductor gave the passengers enough water to drink.enough修饰形容词和副词用作状语，都要放在形容词和副词的后面。如：The railway is not safe enough for the train to run on yet.Trains must run slowly enough in order for the passengers to go back home safely in freezing weather.4）做题时要注意副词与形容词或动词的正确搭配。如：The transportation problem is quite _.The transportation problem cant be _ easily.在前一句中，通过副词 quite，我们可以判断此句需要一个形容词；而在后一句中，通过副词 easily，我们可以判断此句需要一个动词， 因为 easily是一个修饰做某事难易的副词。练习Choose the best answer:1 After running the 800-hundred race, Jane was _ out of breath. A) hard B) almost C) hardly D) most2 Jane is a good student at school. She _ a good daughter at home. A) is also B) also is C) also has D) has also3 Her mothers birthday is several days _. A) away B) on C) up D) far4 As soon as he saw the policeman, the thief ran_. A) as quick as he could B) as quickly as he could C) as quick as he can D) as quickly as he can5 -Do you want to go to Hangzhou for a holiday? - No, Ive _been there. A) already B) yet C) ever D) never6 The streets are wet because it has rained _ all the morning. A) hardly B) thickly C) strongly D) heavily7 Because of the heavy rain, the game was put _ for a few days. A) out B) off C) up D) away8 Our new teacher looks _. A) happily B) angrily C) sadly D) friendly9 The two sisters_ pretty. A) all are B) are all C) both is D) are both10 Bob likes eating. He eats _ at every meal. A) as many as he can B) as much as he likes C) as many as he likes D) as much as he can11 Please speak English as _ as possible so as to improve your spoken English. A) fast B) soon C) good D) often12 The car stopped so _ that the bus behind almost ran into it. A) closely B) immediately C) suddenly D) soon13 Father looked _. He looked _ at my report. A) happy, happy B) happily, happily C) happy, happily D) happily, happy14 Has she _ been to Beijing yet? A) ever B) already C) yet D) never15 _, he went to the supermarket to buy some food. A) Late B) Later C) Lately D) Latter16 Perhaps she has broken the rules. A) May be B) Maybe C) Possibly D) ProbableAnswers to the exercises in the part of choosing the best answers:1 B 2 A 3 A 4 B 5 6 A 7 B 8 D 9 D 10 D 11 D 12 C 13 C 14 A 15 B 16 B（三）形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成1 规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成1）单音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成（1）一般在单词后面加-er, -est 如：slow slower slowest（2）以不发音的 e结尾的单词，直接加 r, -st. 如：large larger largest（3）以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写辅音字母，再加 er, -est. 如：big bigger biggest（4）以辅音字母加 y结尾的单词，去 y 再加-ier, -iest. 如：heavy heavier heaviest2）多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成比较级前加 more，最高级前加 most.如：slowly more slowly most slowlycrowded more crowded most crowded2 不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成good/well better bestmany/much more mostbad/badly/ill worse worstlittle less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthest记住:做题时，碰到形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成，首先考虑是规则还是不规则；如果是规则，再考虑是单音节还是多音节，千万要注意 more是加在多音节前面变成比较级， -er是加在单音节后面变成比较级，避免 more 和 -er同时出现。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法 1 原级 1) 在没有比较的情况下用原级，如：It snows heavily this year.2) 在结构asas和not as(so)as中用形容词或副词的原级，表示“A与B一样”和“A不如B”， asas可用于陈述句、疑问句和否定句，而soas只能用于否定句，如：It is still snowing as heavily as it was yesterday.Last year, it didnt snow as/so often as it does this year.3) 在very, quite, so, too, rather等单词后面用形容词或副词的原级，如：It snows very heavily this year.Things to remember:在句型转换时，asas和not as (so)as可以与结构the sameas互相转换，但是，asas和not as (so)as中间只能用形容词或副词的原级，而the sameas中间用名词。2 比较级1) 把一个人或事物与另一个人或事物进行比较时，用比较级，如：Which waiting room is more crowded, this one or that one?2) 有单词than要用比较级，如：This waiting room is more crowded than that one./That waiting room is less crowded than this one.3) 在far, much, still, even, a little, a bit, a lot, any等词后面用形容词或副词的比较级，如：The traffic problem is much more serious these days.4) 同一个形容词或副词的比较级并列使用，并且用and连接，表示程度的增加，解释越来越，如：The snow is getting heavier and heavier.（单音节用-er and er）It is snowing more and more heavily.（多音节用more and more）5)the +比较级，the +比较级的结构，解释越越，前面的the +比较级相当于一个条件状语从句，如：The more slowly the trains run on icy railways, the fewer accidents there will be.此句可以转换成：If the trains run more slowly on icy railways, there will be fewer accidents.3 最高级1）在三个或三个以上的事物之间之间进行比较时，用最高级，如：Which passengers bag is the biggest, the ladys, the young mans or the girls?2）有 in, among, of等的表达语用最高级，如：The young mans bag is the biggest of the three.Among all the problems, the government thinks the traffic problem is the most serious one these days. The waiting room for the passengers who will take the train Harmony is the most comfortable in this building.2） 在定冠词 the后用最高级，除非是the +比较级，the +比较级的结构，如：The conductor tries to give the passengers the best services while they are waiting for the train.3） 副词最高级前可以省略定冠词 the，如：This conductor works (the) hardest of all the people who work for this railway station.4） 在结构 one of中， of 后面要用可数名词的复数，如果有形容词修饰名词，则要用形容词的最高级，且最高级前一定要加定冠词 the，如：This is one of the most hard-working conductors I have ever seen.5） 在第几大第几高等的表达语中，形容词要用最高级，如：Today is the third busiest day for the station to receive so many passengers.Things to remember:在句型转换时，要注意形容词或副词的原级、比较级和最高级比较等级之间的互相转换，同级比较可以表示比较级的意义，比较级的形式也可以表示最高级的意义，如：She is the most hard-working of all the conductors.She is more hard-working than all of the other conductors.Nobody is as hard-working as she is.练习Choose the best answer:1 This is the _ film I have ever seen. A) bad B)good C) worst D) better2 Dont leave _in the car. A) something valuable B) valuable something C) anything valuable D) valuable anything3 There is _ with your watch. A) nothing wrong B) wrong nothing C) anything wrong D) wrong anything4 The girl was _ by the big dog. A) afraid B) scare C) frightened D) frightening5 The old woman cant see _. A) clear enough B) enough clear C) clearly enough D) enough clearly6 -Do you want to go to Hangzhou for a holiday? - No, Ive _been there.A) already B) yet C) ever D) never7 Which country is the _ from China, Japan, India or New Zealand? A) nearest B) further C) farther D) farthest8 Which do you like _, the left one _ the right one? A) betteror B) moreor C) betterand D)moreand9 Bangkok is becoming _, so _ people want to live there. A) more and more pollutedmore and more B) more polluted and more pollutedfewere and fewer C) more and more pollutedless and less D) more and more pollutedfewer and fewer10 Hes _ than any other student in his class. A) much clever B) much more cleverer C) most clever D) far cleverer11 She saw _ in the key then, did she? A) something strange B) anything strange C) nothing strange D) few strange thing12 This kind of fruit tastes _ and sells _. A) goodgood B)wellwell C) goodwell D) wellgood13 What _ weather it is! The water in the river has _. A) freezingfrozen B) frozenfreezing C) frozenfroze D) freezingfroze14 He works _ than I did at his age. A) even more harder B) even harder C) even hard D) the harder15 We find English _. A) more and more difficult B) much and much difficult C) much and much more difficult D) difficulter and difficulter16 Sun Ping works _ of all the students in the class while Zhang Dong _ works. A) harderharder B) hardhardly C) hardestharder D) hardesthardly17 Our classroom is _ theirs. A) three times as bigger as B) as three times bigger as C) three times as big as D) as big three times as18 Mother returned home _ earlier than Father that evening. A) very B) too C) more D) much19 He sings terribly. His dancing is even _. A) terribly B) terrible C) more terrible D) more terribly20 After the racing car started, it ran _. A) quicker and quicker B) more and more quickly C) quick and quick D) more and more quick21 In China to go on a trip is becoming one of _ of spending holidays. A) the most popular ways B) the most popular way C) most popular ways D) most popular way 22 The film is far more interesting than that one. A) farther B) not near C) much D) nearer23 Who jumps _ in your class, John? A) longest B) the longest C) farthest D) farther24 I havent seen you for a long time. Youre _ than before. A) more strong B) more stronger C) stronger D) much more stronger25 In the exam, the _ you are, the _ mistakes youll make. A) carefully, little B) more carefully, fewer C) more careful, less D) more careful, fewer26 How _ he was _ his family after a long absence! A) happy, to see B) happily, seen C) happily, to see D) happily, saw27 I will buy the TV set when it gets _. A) cheap B) cheaper C) cheapest D) the cheaper28 Nowadays its _ for people to get information on line than it used to be. A) convenient B) much convenient C) more convenient D) far convenient29 After hearing the news, she became a bit _. A) crazy B) surprise C) amazing D) interest30 We are the Grade Nine students in _ middle schools. A) junior B) senior C) primary D) elementary31 Standing in Pu Dong New Area, the Oriental Pearl TV Tower looks very _. A) magnificent B) beautifully C) surprise D) wonder32 I dont like this dish. Its too _. A) delicious B) rich C) tasty D) nice33 The road is so _ that many cyclists have fallen off their bicycles. A) straight B) rough C) long D) wide34 Be careful! The