高考英语复习话题语篇专攻练20环境保护二外研版.docx

话题语篇专攻练20环境保护(二)(建议用时35分钟). 阅读理解ABurmese pythons(缅甸蟒蛇)are some of the biggest snakes in the world and also one of the biggest problems in Floridas wetlands. So state officials have asked hunters to lend a hand. The pythons are originally from Asia. Brought to the US as pets or zoo animals, some were released or broke free into the wild and found Floridas warm weather to be perfect for a new settlement. It is estimated that tens of thousands now live in the everglades and the states marshy wetlands. These supersize snakes are invasive species. “The problem is with animals, ”says Carli Segelson, spokesperson for the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. “The pythons eat native birds, reptiles, and small mammals, many of which are threatened species. ”Since the python moved in, several native species, such as bobcats and rabbits, have largely disappeared from Floridas wetlands. So the Florida government has invited hunters to assist in solving this severe environmental problem. People will be allowed to hunt pythons around their breeding grounds for one month, starting on January 12. Officials are even offering cash prizes to whoever kills the most pythons and to whoever kills the longest Burmese pythons. They are hoping the contest will significantly reduce the population of this dangerous invader. “Our goal is to help get rid of the pythons from the wild, educate the public about the snakes impact on the Florida ecosystem, and inform them of what impacts non-native pets can have if allowed into the wild, ”Segelson said. Experts say its unlikely the snakes will ever be removed from the wild in Florida. But they hope to bring the python problem under control and prevent the snakes from doing more harm. 【文章大意】本文讲述缅甸蟒蛇破坏佛罗里达的生态平衡, 政府下定决心进行捕杀甚至进行现金奖励以保持生态平衡。1. We can infer from the text that Florida must be a place where it is_. A. wet and warmB. rainy and windyC. warm and dryD. wet and cold【解析】选A。细节理解题。第二段提到It is estimated that tens of thousands now live in the everglades and the states marshy wetlands. 据估计有成千上万的蛇生活在沼泽和湿地, 故可知选A项。2. By saying “The problem is with animals” in Paragraph 3, Carli Segelson means that_. A. the pythons are harmful for other animalsB. people have trouble protecting animalsC. the population of animals is smallerD. most animals are dangerous to the pythons【解析】选A。句意猜测题。第三段提到The pythons eat native birds, reptiles, and small mammals, many of which are threatened species. 这种蛇吃本地的鸟, 爬行动物及小型哺乳动物, 危及这些物种的存在。3. The underlined words“this dangerous invader”most probably refer to_. A. all Burmese pythons in the worldB. the longest Burmese pythonC. the killer of Burmese pythonsD. the Burmese pythons in Florida【解析】选D。词义猜测题。倒数第二段提到Officials are even offering cash prizes to whoever kills the most pythons and to whoever kills the longest Burmese pythons. 官方甚至提供现金来奖励那些杀死最多和最长缅甸蟒蛇的人, 可知危险的入侵者指的是缅甸蟒蛇。4. The governments goal of hunting Burmese pythons is_. A. to drive off all the snakesB. to keep the balance of natureC. to prevent snakes from booming in numberD. to provide necessities for others【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知政府的目的是保持自然生态的平衡。BTerribly hot weather. Pouring downpours. Scientists have long suspected that global warming can cause extreme weather events. Now experts have numbers to support that idea. The burning of fossil fuels has been leading to a buildup of carbon dioxide in Earths atmosphere. This CO2 is a greenhouse gas. That means it can trap heat in the air. As a result, our planets temperature has been rising. And this global warming will account for a growing share of ever more frequent extreme weather events. Many governments hope to limit global warming to 2 degrees Celsius above temperatures that were typical before the Industrial Revolution. It will be hard for nations to achieve that. But even if they do, global warming still will be responsible for nearly all heat extremes. Global warming also will be to blame for about 2 out of every 5 extreme rains and snowfalls. “This is a considerable fraction of major weather events, ”says climate scientist Peter Stott. So far, Earth has warmed about 0. 85 degree C since 1750. Thats about when the Industrial Revolution got its start. Thats also when fossil fuel use took off, spewing(喷出)lots of CO2into the air. Overall, the new study shows that “relatively small rises in global temperature translate into large increases in the likelihood of extremes, ”Stott says. Erich Fischer and Reto Knutti analyzed 25 different computer models of global climate. These analyses looked at different climate periods, from preindustrial times to the present. The analyses also predicted what weather events were likely to be like in the future. This period was predicted to be warmer by 2 and 3 degrees C. The computer looked at when extreme heat and precipitation(冰雹)occurred during each climate period. It focused on events of unusual heat or heavy precipitation. Before the Industrial Revolution, such extremes typically would have occurred only once in every 1, 000 days. But since the globe has been warming, such extremes are no longer nearly as rare. These new findings provide“a global statement, ”Fischer says. “You can still get the biggest heat that you have ever seen without any human changes. ”【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。气候变化对于极端天气的具体影响, 将来世界的气温会增加2到3度, 从而会导致更多的极端天气等情况。5. The second paragraph is mainly about_. A. what damage the global warming causedB. how the global warming came into beingC. where the global warming is becoming seriousD. why fossil fuels have to be forbidden【解析】选B。段落大意题。第二段主要描写了温室气体是如何产生的, 怎样造成了气候的变暖等情况。6. What Peter said in Para. 3 suggests that_. A. it is reasonable for climate change to happenB. there is no serious effect of the global warming nowC. the influence of the global warming is greatD. the extreme weather happens in small numbers【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段的“This is a considerable fraction of major weather events, says climate scientist Peter Stott”可知, 他认为这是一个相当大的数量, 说明了全球变暖的影响是巨大的。7. In the future, the temperature may rise at least by_degree C. A. 2. 5B. 3C. 4D. 2【解析】选D。细节理解题。结合倒数第三段的“This period was predicted to be warmer by 2 and 3 degrees C”可知, 未来的温度至少上升2度。8. According to the passage, extreme weather_. A. will happen more often than beforeB. happens once in every 1, 000 daysC. strikes every region without differencesD. becomes a rare phenomenon across the planet【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Before the Industrial Revolution, such extremes typically would have occurred only once in every 1, 000 days”和最后一段的第一句话“But since the globe has been warming, such extremes are no longer nearly as rare”可知, 未来这种极端的天气会越来越频繁。9. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Extreme weather is becoming common now. B. The role of global warming in extreme weather. C. The Earth has suffered from extreme weather. D. Global warming makes the Earth hotter and hotter. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了气候变暖, 造成了更多的极端天气发生等情况, 因此B符合主题。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A new report says plastics are responsible for $13 billion in damage to the oceans and the undersea environment. The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference. _1Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways. _2_After a while, it collects in the sea. And plastic never goes away. Plastic is not biodegradabledestroyed by bacteria or natural processes. Instead, it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time. The oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants. _3_That means harmful material may get into our food supply. _4_Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it. They can use fewer single use product containers and throw plastics away correctly. Plastic recycling programs also workwhere old bottles and other plastics are collected, broken down and used to make new products. We could reuse bottles in our households many times if we wish to, rather than end it after the first use. We could, when we get rid of that plastic, recycle it and reuse it, which replaces the need for raw materials. The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastics. _5_And it calls for information about the way plastic is thrown out or removed from use. By putting a new value on plastic, industry has a special reason to clean up the environment. But all of the companies must join to deal with the problem. A. Then, fish may eat the plastics. B. It asks for them to better measure and direct plastic use. C. The plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters. D. The report tells about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation. E. Plastics should be gathered together and reused. F. But people can make a big difference. G. It is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了塑料是造成海洋和海洋水下环境污染的主要原因等情况。1. 【解析】选D。承接上文, D项讲述了该报告的内容, 故D正确。2. 【解析】选C。根据上下文的逻辑关系, 扔在河里和其他水域里的塑料制品最终会到达海洋, 故答案选C。3. 【解析】选A。根据下文句子That means harmful material may get into our food supply. 那意味着塑料可能会进入我们的食物, 那么只能是鱼吃了塑料, 然后我们再吃鱼, 故答案选A。4. 【解析】选F。下文谈的是人类的影响, 故答案填F, 人类可以起到很大作用。5. 【解析】选B。上下文都是讲的避免污染的方法, 故答案B才符合逻辑关系。. 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除: 把多余的词用斜线( )画掉。修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。Water is very important to us, without