环境噪声监测.doc

吉林化工学院 校园环境噪声监测与评估班级：环工1102 专业：环境工程 姓名：董广庆 指导老师：李万海吉林化工学院校园环境噪声监测与评估 监测概况噪声是发生体做无规则时发出的声音，声音由物体振动引起，以波的形式在一定的介质（如固体、液体、气体）中进行传播通常所说的噪声染是指人为造成的。根据中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法颁布的条例规定，环境噪声是指在工业生产、建设施工、交通运输和社会生活中所产生的影响周围生活环境的声音。校园是学生在校内学习和活动的外界环境，良好的外界环境可促进学生的身心健康，使学生有充沛的精力从事各项活动。在此环境中，它的噪声状况如何，是否影响正常的教学工作，是否影响学生的学习、生活、睡眠，都是大家关心的。本文对2013年12月6日吉林化工学院校园周边声环境进行定点测量，分析校园声环境质量的现状及变化趋势。1.1 点位布置及监测时间1.1.1 点位布置测量2号学生公寓区域的噪音测量二教区域的噪音测量一教区域的噪音测量学校超市区域的噪音测量校门口区域的噪音1.1.2 监测时间由于学校的规定，选取的时间选为早上9:40-11:40， 晚上4:10-5:10。1.1.3 测量条件 测量时一般选在无雨、无雪时，声级计应该加风罩以避免风的干扰，同时也要保持传声器清洁。四级以上大风天气停止测量。1.1.4实验设备声级计 1.1.5 测量方法手持仪器测量，传声器要求距离地面1.2米。 1.2统计及计算方法1.2.1数据读取1、将学校划分为500*500M的网格，测量点选在每个网格的交点，若交点位置不宜测量，可移到旁边能够测量的位置。2、每组2人配置一台声级计，每组共用一台声级计，顺序到各网点测量，时间从8:0017:00，每一网格至少测2次，时间间隔尽量相同。3、读数方式用慢档，每隔十秒读一个瞬时A声级，连续读一百个数据。读数同时要判断和记录附近主要噪声来源（如交通噪声、施工噪声、工厂或车间噪声、锅炉噪声）天气条件。1.3.2计算方法 环境噪声是随时间而起伏的无规律噪声，因此测量结果一般用统计值或等效声级来表示，本实验用等效声级表示。 等效声级Leq的表达式： Leq=L50+d60 d=L10-L90将各网点每一次的测量数据（100个）顺序排列找出L10、L50、L90，求出等效声级Leq，再将该网点一整天的各次Leq值求出算术平均值，作为该网点的环境噪声评价量。1.2.3 测量数据见下表1.2.4 数据处理 环境噪声是随时间而起伏的无规律噪声，因此测量结果一般用统计值或等效声级来表示，本实验用等效声级表示。根据公式Leq=L5O+d260，d=LIOL90式中，L1O一测定时间内，10的时间超过的噪声级，相当于噪声的平均峰值； L50一测定时间内，50的时间超过的噪声级，相当于噪声的平均值；L90测定时间内，90的时间超过的噪声级，相当于噪声的背景值将100个数据从大到小排列，第10个数为LIO，第50个数为L50，第90个数为L90求出每个监测点在每一天每一时段的等效连续A声级(Leq)，并将所得数据列于表一。表一 ： 第一次测量 地点1：二教门前 测量人：蒙洪宇 董广庆 噪声来源：过往人群 单位:dB63.355.869.277.878.673.668.774.369.763.964.955.273.172.280.174.569.477.772.261.765.758.980.376.377.377.865.974.876.367.966.463.979.172.878.776.176.969.671.368.270.963.373.68175.773.275.570.177.569.872.272.875.872.974.668.978.271.272.969.769.375.577.371.977.967.777.467.273.876.974.470.978.170.973.568.878.276.776.379.372.675.275.678.170.364.976.965.173.674.371.872.962.87071.366.978.262.773.177.7地点2：一教门前 测量人：董广庆 蒙洪宇 噪声来源：过往人群 单位:dB76.872.378.476.579.474.372.663.777.966.978.975.577.176.872.269.574.468.978.964.87771.371.879.374.572.976.166.769.864.97876.777.582.874.876.773.569.866.463.379.674.874.882.979.277.875.369.265.962.979.773.173.673.173.972.573.771.868.463.375.976.775.676.774.874.372.568.570.165.476.472.272.973.379.477.871.269.469.964.773.874.577.474.875.674.472.568.968.665.877.674.875.674.577.268.573.770.267.467.8地点3:学校超市门前 测量人：董广庆 蒙洪宇 噪声来源：过往人群 单位:dB79.778.45965.771.671.262.463.773.266.580.277.476.775.975.672.567.368.974.571.180.572.674.959.977.173.768.966.777.869.778.371.879.379.174.675.764.269.876.168.481.775.577.582.378.260.571.869.273.268.575.977.978.38279.274.269.971.868.96676.475.669.681.478.5826868.567.765.377.877.467.879.47567.165.969.465.867.173.876.47277.873.677.867.968.964.966.775.975.773.174.972.372.866.972.566.968.2地点4:学生公寓2号楼门前 测量人： 董广庆 蒙洪宇 噪声来源：锅炉噪声 单位:dB75.976.180.377.972.568.965.970.667.975.559.973.279.167.373.767.871.368.968.477.979.168.973.669.279.471.572.565.865.468.982.367.775.898.775.671.379.378.369.367.875.965.877.378.977.373.880.369.665.476.459.977.978.177.768.974.982.767.867.274.279.182.876.875.367.467.370.87266.271.382.382.972.665.774.665.972.469.465.172.679.673.171.869.777.867.975.467.267.277.181.276.775.568.476.167.863.968.471.269.3地点5：学校大门口 测量人：董广庆 蒙洪宇 噪声来源：交通噪声 单位:dB67.772.360.55867.859.261.760.377.276.165.360.763.959.164.65864.658.372.671.372.661.666.754.159.559.159.559.567.966.875.658.463.767.960.454.160.461.47865.379.759.368.958.354.767.954.762.467.469.767.758.666.756.956.858.356.964.866.667.365.262.469.855.659.361.758.979.768.468.972.663.269.255.260.369.161.367.758.666.771.169.571.858.962.454.856.965.262.469.859.669.454.163.561.756.857.366.961.658.9第二次测量 地点1：二教门前 测量人：董广庆 蒙洪宇 噪声来源：过往人群 单位:dB59.159.549.546.548.543.552.744.743.657.454.160.451.942.549.857.258.345.742.741.667.954.742.547.450.448.353.743.441.943.958.35854.741.954.139.751.542.742.842.947.658.353.542.551.542.145.645.941.738.649.857.251.442.449.442.844.651.840.739.750.448.353.540.358.343.743.849.739.43951.542.549.441.753.739.643.647.938.438.552.541.548.539.552.737.642.647.137.536.853.739.348.454.552.138.644.546.438.741.8地点2：一教门前 测量人：董广庆 蒙洪宇 噪声来源：过往人群 单位:dB51.941.448.143.751.939.443.745.337.443.350.642.647.944.849.738.742.744.936.842.449.741.951.642.548.740.541.739.735.842.448.642.749.542.447.942.941.548.537.942.945.642.548.740.344.439.739.348.437.941.847.842.447.541.733.940.540.540.638.540.651.940.346.939.536.842.742.842.940.940.943.841.748.654.537.845.941.738.641.842.842.839.547.952.638.951.840.739.742.743.744.754.549.842.549.449.739.43939.542.9地点3:学校超市门前 测量人：董广庆 蒙洪宇 噪声来源：过往人群 单位:dB52.749.552.657.950.452.951.651.851.950.441.548.554.956.342.451.754.647.252.751.339.348.453.353.540.353.949.548.953.953.540.344.452.954.743.855.667.452.955.351.541.733.949.73945.852.959.451.654.350.349.537.738.438.54851.653.253.252.949.548.738.837.536.848.650.549.552.850.447.847.641.939.845.849.642.547.453.849.549.450.944.845.848.250.454.741.954.548.751.451.545.747.947.353.753.542.550.949.545.6地点4: 学生公寓2号楼门前 测量人：董广庆 蒙洪宇 噪声来源：锅炉噪声 单位:dB67.368.978.271.265.470.769.782.567.969.566.567.777.467.267.574.670.375.767.967.765.365.878.276.768.869.768.469.768.271.559.764.976.965.171.568.469.772.569.873.568.668.466.967.973.666.667.370.369.772.566.97277.873.677.868.468.968.776.969.665.973.174.972.372.858.666.772.579.370.670.172.872.671.870.462.469.871.374.372.669.370.371.797.471.861.658.973.577.771.669.471.470.580.469.469.363.574.672.570.5地点5：学校大门口 测量人：董广庆 蒙洪宇 噪声来源：交通噪声 单位:dB67.867.866.667.769.465.369.563.773.256.376.47265.365.368.768.468.468.968.959.266.963.564.768.866.265.367.966.767.760.370.963.361.971.564.569.264.369.865.862.372.872.671.470.359.468.370.869.277.964.669.375.569.669.574.665.972.471.882.866.774.470.976.569.377.867.975.468.582.965.972.675.265.368.876.167.863.969.473.169.369.657.861.770.271.371.365.468.976.770.670.654.867.671.370.371.467.870.273.171.4 2号每个监测点在上午时间段监测结果统计 单位:dB地点二教门前一教门前超市门口2号楼门前学校大门口L1078.178.479.279.473.2L5072.973.872.572563.4L9064.966.466.065.956.9Leq75.876.275.475.469.83号每个监测点在上午时间段监测结果统计 单位:dB地点二教门前一教门前超市门口2号楼门前学校大门口L1049.754.554.577.479.5L5042.749.649.670.374.9L9038.240.339.865.863.2Leq44.953.053.272.579.3各个