牛津译林版英语八下《unit 3 online travel》ppt课件之五

被 动 语 态 Free Talk Whats this called in English? Whats it made of? Whats it used for? 被动语态 w 一、基本结构及基本形式。 w 二、主要用法。 w 三、各种时态的被动语态。 w 四、使用被动语态注意点。 w 五、不用被动语态的情况。 w 六、中考回顾。 一、基本结构: be +及物动词的过去分词 w基本形式: w We speak English in our school. w English is spoken by us in our school. (1) (2) (3) 二、主要用法 w 1、当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁，或 者动作的执行者是谁并不重要时，需用被 动语态。 w 2、当我们需要强调动作的承受者时，常 用被动语态。 如：What is this toy dog made of? 如：This toy dog was made by my uncle himself. 三、各种时态的被动语态 一般现在时 w My mother waters the flowers every day. w Does he often milk the cow? w We dont make model ships at weekends. The flowers are watered every day by my mother. Is the cow often milked by him? Model ships arent made by us at weekends. 一般现在时：am/is/are+动词过去分词 一般过去时 w They didnt speak English after class w The students played football. w Did you clean your rooms yesterday? Football was played by the students. English wasnt spoken by them after class. Were your rooms cleaned by you yesterday? 一般过去时：was/were+动词的过去分词 含有情态动词的被动态 w We must plant 20 trees in the afternoon. w You should close the door. w They had to build another hospital. 20 trees must be planted by us in the afternoon. The door should be closed by you. Another hospital had to be built by them. 含有情态动词的：情态动词+be+动词的过去 分词 四、使用被动语态注意点 w双宾结构，一般把表示人的间宾变为 被动语态的主语。如果把表示物的直 宾变为被动语态的主语时，要在宾语 前加上to或for，是to还是for，要依据 与它们搭配的动词来定. 典型题例 w She gave me a card. w His father bought him a book. I was given a card by her. A card was given to me by her. He was bought a book by his father. A book was bought for him by his father. 四、使用被动语态注意点 w 不及物动词没有被动语态，但后面加上介 词或副词后，就变成了及物的短语动词， 就可以变为被动语态，不过要特别注意短 语动词中的介词或副词绝对不能丢失 w 带有复合宾语的动词如果在主动语态中省 略to的不定式，在改为被动语态后，应加 上不定式符号to。 如：wait for/take care of/look after等 如：make/hear/let/have/see等 典型题例 w She made me wait for her for an hour. w I saw him play football. w We find English very useful. I was made to wait for her for an hour He was seen to play football by me. English is found very useful by us. 五、不用被动语态的情况 w 一些表示状态的动词不用被动语态。如： have/cost/last/own/agree with 等。 w 不及物动词不用被动语态。特别是： happen/take place/break down/break out. w 连系动词和部分感官动词常用主动表被动 含义。 如：The music sounds wonderful. 如：feel/smell/sound/taste/look/get等 六、中考回顾 (1-5为2003年中考题） 1 Have you heard of the accident on the high way ? Yes,it is said that a boy named Harry _(kill)in it. 2 Windows should _(keep) open so that fresh air can come in . You are right ,especially in this season . 3 What a beautiful fridge !How long have you had it ? For only two months .It _(buy) on my last birthday . 4 “ Made in China”_(see) on many things even in America . 5 The little girl was made play the piano two hours a day .(改错 ） . was killed be kept was bought is seen was made to （68为2004年中考题） 6.Betty was heard _in her bedroom. A sing B. sings C. to sing D. sang 7.Do you know that a lot of water _(waste) in our town every day . Yes ,its a serious problem . 8.Our earth is getting more and more crowded . Yes . New ways must _(find)to stop the population from growing too fast . C is wasted be found 巩固练习 一. 用正确的动词时态语态填空 1. -Why didnt you go to Jims birthday party?-Oh. I_(not invite) 2.-What do you want, sir?-Could you tell me if computers_(sell) in this shop. 3. -A lot of things should_(do) to protect the environment. -I agree with you 4.Great changes_(take) place in my hometown since 1990. 5. -When _the bridge_(build)? Do you know? - Two years ago. 6. -Can I take the magazine out of the reading room? -Sorry Magazines of this kind cant_(take) out. wasnt invited are sold be done have taken wasbuilt be taken 二、 改错： 1. The door is knocked at night and he cant sleep well. 2. A photo was shown me by my friend yesterday. 3. Who knows how the accident was happened? 4.Do you know when our party was found? 5.My car was broken down on my way home. 6.The babies must be taken good care. 7.Our English teacher is often heard sing in the room. 8. The sports meeting is taken place once a year in our school. _ knocked at _ shown to _ happened _ was founded _ broke _ good care of _ to sing _ takes 看图作文（尽量用被动语态 ） Nanjing Changjiang Bridge (1968年12月29日、4589米长 ） Nanjing Changjiang Bridge Nanjing Changjiang Bridge is shown in the picture. It was built in the 1960s and was finished