形容词和副词PPT课件.ppt

1、语法专题(十三)形容词和副词,1形容词作定语 (1)后置定语：形容词词组和表语形容词(alone，afraid，asleep等)一般放在所修饰的名词后。形容词修饰不定代词(something，anything，nobody等)时，须后置。 (2)两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时，其常用的顺序是：限定词一般描绘性词大小形状性质色彩长幼、新旧国籍、出处物质材料用途、类别等。如：a big quiet grey old British wooden house。,这样考过 (2009长沙一中)How excited he was when he happened to find _ dining t

2、able! Aa beautiful round new red Chinese wooden Ba new beautiful red round Chinese wooden Ca Chinese beautiful red round new wooden Da new red Chinese beautiful wooden round 解析：考查形容词排序。多个形容词修饰名词，其排列顺序为限观形龄色国材。故选A。 答案：A,(2009北京海淀区)To all the famous artists surprise，the unknown womans two _ paintings

3、are also on show in the art exhibition. Alittle blue oilBblue little oil Coil blue little Dlittle oil blue 解析：考查形容词排序。多个形容词修饰名词，一般遵循下列规则：限观形龄色国材，即限(定词)、外观、形状、年龄、颜色、出处、材料质地。综上，选A。 答案：A,2表语形容词 以下形容词只能作表语，故亦称作表语形容词，如：fond，well，unable，worth，glad，sure，likely，alone，afraid，asleep，awake，alike，ashamed等。,3数量形

4、容词 only a few相当于not very many，意为“不多几个”；not a little相当于quite a little或much，意为“很多”；not a few相当于quite a few或many，意为“很多”；not a bit相当于not at all，意为“根本不”；“many a单数名词”相当于“many复数名词”，意为“许多”。,二、副词 1多个副词同时出现时的顺序 (1)方式副词地点副词时间副词 (2)小的时间/地点大的时间/地点 2以下以ly结尾的词均为形容词，如：lovely，lively，likely，friendly等。,3以下用法中的very均是错误

5、的 (1)I very like English.改为：I like English very much. (2)The book is very worth reading. 改为：The book is well worth reading. (3)Japan is a very developed country. 改为：Japan is a much/well developed country. (4)His name is very above the name list. 改为：His name is well above the name list.,4very和much (1

6、)very修饰形容词、副词的原级；much修饰比较级；修饰动词要用much或very much。 (2)very修饰形容词化了的分词。如：very exciting非常兴奋；very pleased非常满意。,5such和so (1)such 后接名词，so 后接形容词或副词。 这样考过 (2009上海)The Great Wall is _ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year. Aso a wellknown Ba so wellknown Csuch wellknown a Dsuch a wellkn

7、own,解析：句意：长城是如此著名的旅游胜地，以至于每年都有上百万人涌来。sucha形容词单数名词that从句，表示“如此以至于”。 答案：D,(2)such与some，any，every，no，each，all，another，several，few，many，one，two等连用时，such后置。 可能这样考 _foolish thing has ever happened in our school，so that what you said makes us very surprised. ANo suchBNot such CNo such a DNo so,解析：该题主要考查no的

8、用法。no等于not any或not a/an，故no such后不加冠词。 答案：A,(3)若名词前有many，much，few，little等修饰词时，只能用so，并把它放在这些修饰词的前面。但little当“小”讲时，仍用such。 可能这样考 Never have I seen_little fish.There are _little fish that I dont know how to give them to all the people. Asuch; so Bso; such Csuch; such Dso; so,解析：第一个little是“小”的意思；所以用such修

9、饰，第二个little是“少”的意思，强调“多”或“少”时，用so修饰，例如：so many，so few，so little，so much等。 答案：A,6much too和too much (1)much too意为“太”，以too为中心，修饰形容词或副词，相当于far too，quite too。 这样考过 (2009全国)Its high time you had your hair cut；its getting _. Atoo much long Bmuch too long Clong too much Dtoo long much,解析：句意：你该理发了，头发太长了。much

10、 too long 太长了。 答案：B,(2)“too much不可数名词”用法同much；too much也可替代不可数名词；too much还有“太过分了”的意思。 7“canttooadj./adv.”意为“无论都不为过”。 You can never be careful enough.You can never be too careful.你越仔细越好。,这样考过 (2009安庆二模)Do you think the weather is good enough for a picnic? Yes.You cant hope for _ day at this time of th

11、e year. Aa nice Ba nicer Cthe nicer Dthe nicest,解析：考查形容词比较级用法。用于否定句中的比较级表示最高级。the比较级表示“两者之中较”之意，故选B。 答案：B,(2009盐城联考)I have been living in the United States for twenty years，but seldom _ so lonely as now. Ahave I felt BI had felt CI have felt DHad I felt 解析：考查时态及倒装。由句意知应选现在完成时；表示否定意义的副词seldom“很少”放在句首

12、，句子用部分倒装形式，所以选A。 答案：A,8下列词都可以用作副词，但词义不同 hard努力，hardly几乎不；late迟，lately最近；near靠近，nearly几乎；short短，shortly不久；close靠近，closely严格地，仔细地；free免费，freely无拘束地；deep深(表示具体深度)，deeply深深地(表示抽象深度)；wide宽，widely广泛地；high高，highly高度地；direct直接地，directly立刻；loud大声，loudly喧闹。,三、形容词和副词的级 1比较等级的构成 (1)单音节和少数双单节形容词,(2)多数多音节形容词，前面加m

13、ore或most,(3)少数形容词的不规则变化,这样考过 (2009北京海淀区)Id like to have _ car.The one I have got keeps breaking down. Aa reliable Ba more reliable Ca most reliable Dthe most reliable 解析：此题考查形容词比较级，最高级的用法。reliable可靠的。我拥有的那辆车总是出问题，(因此)我想要一辆(性能)更可靠的，与旧的相比更好的，因此用比较级，故选B项。 答案：B,(2009北京海淀区)With the speedup of the railway

14、，now you can get to your destination _ by train. Afast Bfaster Cfastest Dthe fastest 解析：此题考查副词的比较级，最高级的用法。根据题意，随着火车的提速，你现在乘火车到达目的地要(比以前)快多了。可以看出是现在与过去的对比，因此选B项。 答案：B,2比较级常考句型、短语 (1)表示A超过B,(2)表示A不及B,这样考过 (2009台州调考)If the Amazon Rain Forest were a country，it would be，if _ than，as large as Kazakhstan.

15、Anot larger Bno larger Cless large Dmuch larger 解析：if not larger than表示“如果不比Kazakhstan面积大”。 答案：A,(2009广东汕头)Whether age is happy or unpleasant depends less on money or on health than _ on your ability to have fun. Ait is Bit was Cit depends Dit does 答案：D,(3)比较等级与冠词连用 a)the形容词原级(表示一类人或物，作主语时谓语动词使用复数。)

16、 b)the形容词比较级(特指两者之中“较的”那一个。 ),这样考过 (2009宁波联考)Of the two bestsellers，which do you think is _ to me? Aa suitable one Bmore suitable Ca more suitable Dthe more suitable 解析：the比较级of the two(名词)表示“两者中较的一个”。 答案：D,(2007宁夏银川一中三模)The kindhearted businessman has two houses，_has been offered to the villager as

17、 a gift. Athe larger one Bthe larger of which Cthe largest one Dthe largest of which,解析：句意：那位好心的商人有两套房子，其中较大的一套作为礼物送给了村民。根据句意及题中two houses 可知应该用形容词比较级形式，此外本题还考查了非限制性定语从句的用法，the larger of which 相当于and the larger of the two houses。 答案：B,c)a/an形容词比较级 The bike is expensive，and I want a cheaper one. 这辆自行

18、车贵，我想要辆便宜的。 这样考过 (2009东北三校联考)Well，thats just the deal._ price will be out of my reach. AThe higher BA higher CThe highest DA highest,解析：本句的意思为“好吧，那我们就这么说定了。再高点价格就超出我们承受的范围了。”此处表示相对高一些，选B项。 答案：B,(2008全国十六所名校联考)I know this is not quite the right word，but I cant be bothered to think of _. Aa better Ba

19、best Cthe better Dthe good,解析：句意：我知道这不是一个很适当的词，但是我实在想不出一个更好的了。a better 为a better one 的省略，另外，a better(一个更好的)是与前文“我知道这不是一个很适当的词”相呼应的；再者，形容词比较级用于否定句表示最高级意义时，比较级前所用的冠词是不定冠词，故只有A项正确。 答案：A,d)the比较级，the比较级,这样考过 (2008江西南昌三模)Bad luck！_I want to see that terrible big dog，_frequently I meet it. AThe less; the

20、less BThe more; the more CThe less; the more DThe more; the less 解析：the比较级.，the比较级.“越，越”，固定句型。句意：运气不好！我越不想遇到那条可怕的大狗，就越经常遇到它。 答案：C,(2007成都)As far as we are concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，_. Athe more for life are you equipped Bthe more equipped for life you are Cthe more

21、 life you are equipped for Dthe more life for you are equipped 解析：the more.，the more.表示越越。 答案：B,(4)降级比较用“less原形形容词/副词than从句”。有时省略than从句 He runs less fast than me.他没我跑得快。,这样考过 (2009南昌调研)It is said that the number of Chinese characters you can type on your mobile phone is _ the total number of Chinese

22、 characters. I know.That is because the character input systems are made by foreign cellphone producers. A25 percent much than B25 percent as less as Cless than 25 percent D25 percent as much,解析：考查比较级的用法。本题涉及英语中倍数表达法之一的“分数/倍数the名词of”。语境为：据说，你在手机上可以拼写的汉字不到全部汉字的25%。只有C项正确。 答案：C,(5)并非所有使用比较级的句子中都有than从

23、句，有时根据上下文，被比较的部分常常省掉。 How beautiful she sings！I have never heard a better voice。 她唱得多动听啊！我从没听过这么美的歌声。,这样考过 (2009全国)How much _ she looked without her glasses! Awell Bgood Cbest Dbetter 解析：句意：她不戴眼镜看起来好得多！此句为感叹句，how可修饰形容词和副词，但此题还考查much修饰比较级，故选D。 答案：D,(2009全国)The children loved their day trip，and they e

24、njoyed the horse ride _. Amost Bmore Cless Dlittle 解析：句意：孩子们喜欢今天的旅行，他们最喜欢骑马了。根据句意，孩子们喜欢这次旅行，排除less和little；这里没有比较的意义，所以排除more。 答案：A,(2009北京崇文区)Its too noisy here.Can we go somewhere _？ Aquietly Bmore quietly Cmuch quiet Dquieter 解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：这儿太吵，我们去个安静些的地方好吗？quieter是形容词quiet的比较级。quietly是副词，如：He w

25、ent out quietly.他悄悄地走出去。quietly用于修饰动词词组went out。 答案：D,(2009北京宣武区)Hi，Johnson.Im thinking of taking five courses in literature next term. Well，wouldnt four be _？ Awise Bwiser Cwisest Dthe wisest 解析：此题考查形容词，副词的比较级和最高级的用法。上文提到“Johnson，我在考虑下学期文学方面选五门课程。”下文回答“选四门会不会更明智？”因此用比较级。 答案：B,(6)“no more than数词”结构表

26、示“仅仅，只”，有嫌少之意；“not more than数词”结构表示“至多，不超过”，是一种客观叙述。 (2009湖南师大附中)How disappointing！We have finished _ 5% of the work. Ano more than Bno less than Cnot more than Dnot less than 答案：A,(7)“no less than数词”结构表示“居然有，竟然有”或“不下于之多，多达”，表示一种惊奇的情绪，相当于“as much/many as”的意思。“not less than数词”结构意为“不少于，至少”。 (8)“no比较级t

27、han”结构表示所比较的两种事物都具有与形容词或副词相反的意义，表示“A与B一样不”。但重点往往放在后者，表示“不比”。,这样考过 (2009成都检测)Have their living conditions improved? No，_ than before，Im afraid. Ano better Ba little better Cnot worse Dno worse 解析：考查比较级结构。no better than意为“几乎与一样糟”根据题意可知选A项。 答案：A,(2009连云港调研)I dont want to move to that city.It is heavily

28、 polluted. Pollution is common.The city here is _. Ano less clean Bno clean Cno cleaner Dnot less clean 解析：句意：污染很平常，这儿的城市和那个城市一样，都不干净。no比较级than意为“两个都不”，符合题意。 答案：C,(2008江苏常州高三统考)The cake is delicious. Well，at least it is _ the one I baked last week. Aas bad as Bno worse than Cno better than Dnot bett

29、er than,解析：句意：蛋糕很好吃。噢，至少它和我上周烤的那个一样不错。as bad as 和一样差；no worse than 和一样不错；no better than 和一样不好；not better than 不比好。no比较级than 和一样不，如：He is no taller than Tom.他和Tom 一样不高。 答案：B,(2008江苏黄桥中学综合)Does Jim do his new job well? _his old job.How stupid！I fear theres no hope for him. ANo better than BNot better

30、than CNot so well as DNo as well as,解析：no better thanas badly/bad as“和一样不好”，表示对两者都否定；not better than “不比好”；not so well as “不和一样好”。这句话的意思是：“吉姆的新工作做得好吗？”“和他原来的工作一样不好，真笨！他恐怕是没有希望了。” 答案：A,3常见修饰语,这样考过 (2009北京朝阳区)How do you like the film? _ interesting than expected. AA great deal of more BA great deal mu

31、ch CA great deal of much DA great deal more 解析：此题考查a great deal的用法。a great deal of不可数名词，许多，大量的；a great deal相当于a lot，修饰动词或形容词；我非常感兴趣，比期待得还要多。 答案：D,(2007全国)After two years research，we now have a _better understanding of the disease. Avery Bfar Cfairly Dquite 解析：此题考查的是程度副词的用法。常用于修饰比较级的副词有：far，rather，mu

32、ch，even，still，by far，a little，a great deal等。quite，very，fairly不能修饰比较级。所以本题的答案是B。 答案：B,(2009苏北四市联考)Havent you seen the speed limit sign？Please drive _. Sorry，but I have to. Amore slowly a bit Bslowly a bit more Ca bit more slowly Dslowly more a bit 解析：考查比较级。a bit more slowly“慢点”。合题意。 答案：C,4同级相比较 表示A和B

33、是同等程度,这样考过 (2009宁波)Its getting dark，but Mr.Johnson is still at his office. No surprise.Who else can _ he does? Ado less work than Bwork as hardly as Cwork as hard as Dbe working hardly like 答案：C,(2009兴化市考前冲刺)In the bar，the trumpet player was certainly loud.But I wasnt bothered by his loudness _ by h

34、is lack of talent. Athan Bmore than Cas Dso much as 解析：考查比较级。由句意：在酒吧，号声的确很吵，但让我心烦的是号手拙劣的表演而不是号声。so much as用于同级比较，“象程度那样大”。 答案：D,(2008大连八中)He probably got_ out of the sounds the key made as he did those few times when the key actually found its way into the slot. Aas pleasure much Bas much pleasure C

35、much pleasure Dpleasure as much,解析：本题考查形容词比较级句型as.as的语序。在这一句型中，第一个as是副词，其后接形容词或副词；第二个as是连词，故B是正确选项。 答案：B,5倍数比较级的几种句式,这样考过 (2009保定调研)Youd better go there by train.The train ticket is _ the airplane ticket. Aas cheap three times as Bas three times cheap as Cthree times cheaper than Dcheaper three time

36、s than,解析：考查倍数表达法。表达倍数时应把表示倍数的词放在比较级的前面，由此可判断此项正确，此处是“倍数词比较级than”结构。 答案：C,(2009辽宁)Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks，but it cost _his. Aas much twice as Btwice as much as Cmuch as twice as Das twice much as 解析：句意：彼得的夹克衫看起来与杰克的一样，但是却是他的价钱的两倍。考查倍数句型“倍数as原级as.”。 答案：B,(2009四川)My uncles house in

37、 the downtown area is much smaller than ours，but it is twice _ expensive. Aas Bso Ctoo Dvery 解析：句意：我叔叔在闹市区的房子比我们(不在闹市)的房子要小的多，但是它的价格却是我们的房子价格的两倍。考生要从句子结构和意思上看出本句所省略了的部分内容，因此使用了表达倍数的as.as.的结构。 答案：A,(2009江西)According to statistics，a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer _ a woman. Ath

38、an Bsuch Cso Das 解析：句意：据统计，男性死于皮肤癌的几率是女性的两倍多。本题考查倍数的表示法，核心结构为.N times as likely to die of cancer as.，只不过times衍生成了more than twice 两倍多，在此more than修饰twice。 答案：D,6最高级 (1)形容词最高级用于二者以上的比较，其结构一般是：定冠词the形容词最高级名词表示范围的短语或从句。,这样考过 (2009金华十校模拟)Tea is considered by some Europeans _ popular drink，while coffee com

39、es second. Aa most Ba more Cthe most Dthe more 解析：由while coffee comes second可知，此处考查最高级，故选C。 答案：C,(2007南通)Alice cares most about her clothing，who is followed by Mary，while Della shows_interest in fashion. Amore Bthe most Cless Dthe least 解析：Alice最注重着装，Mary其次，而Della对时装的兴趣最小。 答案：D,(2009成都检测)It is all k

40、nown that Jessica Lynch is _ among all the American women soldiers whowere sent to Iraq. Athe alive luckiest girl Bthe luckiest girl alive Cthe luckiest alive girl Dthe luckiest girl living 解析：考查形容词。根据句意要表达“最幸运的、活着的女孩”，选择B。alive作后置定语；living作前置定语。 答案：B,(2)作表语的形容词最高级前，如果不是和别人/他物相比，常不加the。 We are busie

41、st on Monday.我们周一最忙。 (3)形容词最高级前有物主代词时，不再加the。 Wang Hai is my best friend.王海是我最好的朋友。 (4)最高级形式有时并不表示最高级概念，它只表示“在很大程度上，非常”，这时最高级形容词或副词前不加the。 Its a most important question. 这是个非常重要的问题。,这样考过 (2008大连高三模拟)I dont know who invented _telephone，but its really _most wonderful invention. Athe; a B/; the Ca; the

42、 D/; a 解析：the telephone特指电话这一事物；a mosta very，不表最高级。 答案：A,单项填空 1As is known to all，China will be getting_in 20 or 30 years time. Avery developedBmore developed Cthe most developed Dmuch developed 答案与解析：B更为发达的国家。,2Are these enough for you all? They arent really enough；_are needed. Amuch more Bmany Cma

43、ny more Dsome 答案与解析：Amuch修饰比较级more。,3The salesman showed her several necklaces and she chose_ one. Athe least expensive Bless expensive Cleast expensive Dthe less expensive 答案与解析：Athe least expensive最便宜的。,4_ shall we have to go? Another five miles. AHow far BHow long CHow many farther DHow much fart

44、her 答案与解析：D从答句中可知问的是还要再走多远，故用比较级，much修饰比较级。,5How did you find your visit to London? I really enjoyed it.It was_interesting than I had expected. Aeven much Bso more Ca lot much Dfar more 答案与解析：Dfar修饰比较级more interesting意为“比期望的有趣得多”。,6How did you find his speech at the ceremony? To tell you the truth，i

45、t couldnt have been_. Aterrible Bworse Cthe worst Dbadly 答案与解析：B否定词比较级，表示最，本句意为“这是最差劲的了”。,7The more I think about him，the more reasons I find for loving him_I did. Aas much as Bas long as Cas soon as Das far as 答案与解析：Alove him as much as I did 和过去一样爱他。,8Four of Roberts children were at the party，inc

46、luding_Luke. Athe oldest Ban oldest one Cthe old Dan old one 答案与解析：A包括4个人中年龄最大的，最高级前加the。,9For quite_students，their teachers advice is much more important than_of their parents. Afew; one Ba few; that Ca little; some Da lot; many 答案与解析：Bquite a few为固定短语，意为“许多”，that指代上文的不可数名词advice。,10It is said that

47、 people are _likely to tell lies over the phone as they are in emails. Aas twice Btwice as Ctwice more Dtwice than 答案与解析：B考查倍数表达法。倍数与比较级连用及与原级比较连用时，一律放在比较级及第一个as之前。,11How did your final examination go? I couldnt feel_ about it! Aworse Bbest Cbetter Dworst 答案与解析：C此处是用比较级结构表达最高级含义，根据语境判断，此处意为：感觉再好不过了。

48、,12Do you like cats? Of course.They mean_a kind of pet to their masters. Abetter than Bmore than Cno more than Dnot more than 答案与解析：B此处表示“不仅仅”是一种宠物，用more than。no more than“仅仅，只是”，与题目意义相反；not more than“至多，不超过，不比更”，不符合句意。,13Tom is wise enough to achieve his success. But in my opinion，he is_than wise. Aluckier Bmore lucky Cmuch luckier Drather lucky 答案与解