初三复习《现在完成时》.ppt

1、The Revision of The Present Perfect Tense,思礼一中 刘菊花,现在完成时 have/ has +过去分词,现在完成时 Present perfect 句型,1. 肯定句 “主语 + have（has）过去分词”。 注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。 2. 疑问句 have（has) + 主语 + 过去分词 （ 回答用“Yes，have（has） “ No，havent（hasnt）” ） 3. 否定句：主语+ “havent（hasnt）过去分词”。,过去分词的构成,1.直接加-ed。如：play-

2、played 2.以字母e结尾的直接加d 。如：name-named 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加ed。如：carry-carried 4.重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。如：stop-stopped,1) 表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。 Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back. They have built many buildings in this city.,现在完成时的用法,2) 表示过去发生的动作,对现在造成的影响或结果。 Someone has broken

3、 the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I havent read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的),常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经), never(从来没有）before, once, twice等词连用.,already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句,疑问句尾.,3) 表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还会继续下去的动作或状态，常与for, sin

4、ce引导的时间短语 或从句连用. for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 一般过去时句子 Eg: She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since he was born . Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years?,（for+表示一段时间的词组，since+表示过去某一时刻的词或词组）谓语只可用延续性动词.,选用for和since填空: 1.We havent seen each other _ a long time. 2.His father has be

5、en in the factory _ 10 years ago. 3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes. 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China. 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years. 6. Its five years _ we met last time,for,since,for,since,for,since,注意: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.,一般过去时、现在完成时、短暂性动词、延续性动词的具体运用,你买了这本书了吗？ Have yo

6、u bought this book ? 是的，我买了。Yes, I have. 你什么时候买的？上周买的。 When did you buy it ? I bought it last week. 你买了多久了？一周了。 How long have you _ it ? For a week.,had,如何表达含有时间段的句子呢？,method 1:,动作,die,be over,leave,borrow/buy,arrive,begin,end/finish,join,marry,keep/had,be away,be here,be on(上演）,be married,be in,be

7、dead,他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 Nick 参军3年了. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 这本书我已借了4个月了.,His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.,Nick has been in the army for 3 years.,He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time.,I have kept the book for 4 months.,method 2:,It is + 时间段 since + 一般过去时的句子.,他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 Nick 参军3年了. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 这本书我已借了

8、4个月了.,It is 2 years since his grandpa died.,It is 3 years since Nick joined the army.,It is a long time since he left Shenzhen.,It is 4 months since I borrowed the book .,He died 10 years ago. - He has been dead for 10 years / since 10 years ago. 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He has kept th

9、e book for 2 weeks. 3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He has had the motorbike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago. - He has been here since three days ago. 5. They turned on the light 2 hours ago. - The light has been on for 2 hours.,延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化 (keys),6. He left here 2 years

10、 ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years. 7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes. 8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour. 9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour. 10. He joined the army last year. - He _ _ a soldier for a

11、year. - He _ _ _ the army for a year. - It _ a year _ he joined the army.,has been away,has been on,has been open,has been closed,has been,has been in,is,since,He has gone to Shanghai. 他(已经)去上海了。,He has been to Shanghai. 他(曾经) 去过上海。,现在完成时的特殊句型： 比较 have/has been to have/has gone to,He went to Shangha

12、i last week.,他(曾经)到/去过上海 在他人生中曾经有过这样的经历,但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了,他已经去上海了 也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里,上周他做了一件事:那就是去了上海,He has been to Shanghai.,He has gone to Shanghai.,He has been in Shanghai for 10 years.,他呆在上海迄今为止已经10年了 现在还在上海没有离开呢,辨析这些句子 由时态导致的 含义上的差别,动词填空练习： 1._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we_(do) t

13、hat already. When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. 2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. 3. How many times _you_(come) here? Once.,Have,cleaned,have done,did,do,did,Has,seen,did,see,saw,have,come,4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting. 5. She _(go)

14、 to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. 6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs. 7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year. 8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never. 9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.,have read,has gone,did,go,went,have developed,gave,Have,ridden,has kept,试一试： 1.Its a long time since we _ (meet) last, isnt it? 2.-I know you _ (choose) a picture book among these. -Yes,Have a look at it, please. 3.So far, spaceships without people _ (reach) the moon and some other parts of the universe. 4.My fathe