过去分词的用法课件

1、The Verb -ed,动词的过去分词,1.过去分词/-ed分词与过去分词短语/-ed分词短语的句法功能,-ed分词与-ed分词短语可作定语，表语，宾语补足语，状语等句子成分。,2.-ed分词（短语）作定语,-ed分词常被用来做名词的前置定语。及物动词的-ed分词作前置定语通常带有被动含义，而相应的 ing分词作前置定语则有主动含义。,Compare:,eg.a talk,a machine,language,a bird,recorded,recording,spoken,speaking,*不及物动词的-ed分词也可以作名词修饰语（定语）， 但这种-ed 分词没有被动的含义，只有完成的意

2、义；反之，-ing 分词作名词修饰语/定语则表主动和正在进行的意义。,eg. fallen leaves（完成；无被动）,falling leaves （主动；正在进行）,the sun （完成；无被动）,the sun （主动；正在进行）,a country （完成；无被动）,a country （主动；正在进行）,risen,rising,developed,developing,*-ed分词作定语通常带有其他成分， 这种-ed分词结构/短语相当于一个定语从句，经常与定语从句相互替换着用。,eg. The gases sent into the air by the chemical wo

3、rks are poison.,(that are),eg.This is the most interesting story ever heard of.,eg.The fish caught yesterday was still alive.,eg.The trees of friendship planted by the foreign visitors are growing well.,(that is),(which was),(which were),_ yesterday The meeting _ now (hold) _ tomorrow is very import

4、ant. (hold),held,being held,to be held,3.-ed分词作表语,-ed分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态（心情或感觉），被动和完成的特点不是很明显。,eg. She looked,eg. Dont get,eg. She seemed quite at the idea.,disappointed.,excited.,delighted,能这样使用的-ed 分词有：,disappointed discouraged frightened astonished interested amused,satisfied surprised crowded please

5、d puzzled worried,excited unexpected,drunk dressed/undressed,这类词实际上已经变成了形容词，用来表示“感觉.”。,有些-ed分词用作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被动结构。,被动结构与-ed分词作表语的结构主要差别是：被动结构表示一个被动的动作或行为，而带表语的结构表示主语的特点或当时所处的状态。,带表语结构的句子：,The book is well written.,带被动结构的句子：,The book was written by a soldier.,He was injured in the leg.,He had been inj

6、ured twice that year.,带表语结构的句子：,带被动结构的句子：,The library is now closed.,It is usually closed at 6：00.,The ground is covered with snow.,This point has not been covered yet.,4.-ed 分词结构作宾语补语,-ed 分词结构作宾语补语时，-ed分词通常表示被动/完成/被动和完成的意义。,eg. We should make ourselves _ when talking,eg. We found him,gone.,understo

7、od,eg. We found her greatly changed.,eg. Please keep us of the last development.,eg. The viewers wish the serial film (to be),informed,accomplished .,要求用-ed分词结构作宾语补语的动词有三类： 感官动词see/hear/watch/notice/observe/find/feel 等。 When he arrived home, Tom found his dog killed . 2.使役动词：have/get/let/keep/leave等

8、 Your car works much better now. Have you got/had it repaired? 3.表示“认为”“想要”“宣布”“命令”等：think/consider; want/like/wish;declare; order. Do you considered her examined ?,5.-ed分词结构作状语,-ed分词结构作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随状况等意义，这种-ed的分词结构通常相当于一个状语从句,有时候也可以改成省略结构。,如表示原因：,Greatly surprised, he couldnt say a word.,Scol

9、ded by the teacher, the girl felt unfair.,(As he was),(Because she was),表示时间：,completed, the canal运河，沟渠 will connect the river with the lake.,Seen from the hill, the town looks magnificent壮丽的.,(When it is),(When it is),表示条件：,Coated给涂上 with sugar, bananas will taste better.,Given more time, I would h

10、ave done much better.,(If they are),(If I had been),表示让步：,Even if invited, I wouldnt go.,Though defeated again and again, they went on fighting.,(I were),(they were),表示伴随状况：,He stared at me, astonished.,Einstein walked along the street, lost in thought.,(and he was),(and he was),1. Most of the artis

11、ts _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 2. As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers _ by her mother. buying B. being bought C. were bought D. bought,5. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people

12、with specific knowledge. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known 6. The computer center,_ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened,Prices of daily goods _on the internet can be lower than store prices. are bought B.

13、bought C. been bought D. buying,7. Cleaning women in big cities get _ by the hour. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 8. As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed,9. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing

14、. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 10. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change,巩固练习 1. The students, _ at the way the question was put, didnt know how to answer it. being surprised B. surprising C. surp

15、rised D. having surprised 2. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written,3. Look at the note_ to the door, you will see that someone paid a visit when we are away. pinning B. pinned C. bein

16、g pinned D. is pinned 4. I was very _ to find all the tickets had been sold out when I got there. disappoint B. to disappoint C. disappointing D. disappointed,5.- A woman was killed. - Where is the body of the _ woman? murder B. murdered C. murdering D. having murdered 6. _ English is as important a

17、s _ English. Written; spoken B. Writing; spoke C. To write; speaking D. Written; speaking,7. _ with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared,9. When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success

18、. A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced,10. Friendship is like money: easier made than _. A. kept B. to be kept C. keeping D. being kept,11. He had his leg _ when playing football. A. break B. to break C. breaking D. broken,12. With the homework _, he was allowed to watch the football match. A. finished B. finishing C. to finish D. to be finished,13. With his finger _ to the