F S Fitzgerald.ppt

1、Jazz Age: F. S. Fitzgerald (1918-1929),Jazz Age,Coined by Fitzgerald in Tales of the Jazz Age 1918-1929 the end of World War I and the start of the Roaring Twenties the rise of the Great Depression The passage of 19th Amendment in 1920 giving women the right to vote. Prohibition of the production, s

2、ale, and consumption of alcoholic beverages, 1920-33. Jazz music and flappers Dissatisfied and disappointed in life, indulging in social excitement, moral standards collapsing,Cultural Context: 1920s,World War I The Roaring Twenties The Jazz Age The New Woman Prohibition Gambling The Automobile,Worl

3、d War I,the lost generation. make the world safe for democracy the war to end all wars Soldiers got involved in the war: dont want to sacrifice, self centered, dont trust science, government, humanity, begin to question God,The Roaring Twenties,While the sense of loss was readily apparent among expa

4、triate American artists who remained in Europe after the war, back home the disillusionment took a less obvious form. America seemed to throw itself headlong into a decade of madcap behavior and materialism, a decade that has come to be called the Roaring Twenties.,Daisy the main character from The

5、Great Gatsby, exemplified the traits of a flapper woman from the “roaring twenties” Jazz Age.,Cover illustration, Life magazine, February 18, 1926, showing a well dressed old man dancing with a flapper Source: Library of Congress American Memory,The Jazz Age,The music called jazz, promoted by such r

6、ecent inventions as the phonograph and the radio, swept up from New Orleans to capture the national imagination. Improvised and wild, jazz broke the rules of music, just as the Jazz Age thumbed its nose at the rules of the past.,Coined by Fitzgerald in Tales of the Jazz Age,Louie Armstrong was one o

7、f the most famous musicians of the Jazz Age.,Portrait of Louis Armstrong, Aquarium New York: 1946 Source: Library of Congress American Memory,Louie Armstrong was one of the most famous musicians of the Jazz Age.,Portrait of Louis Armstrong, Aquarium New York: 1946 Source: Library of Congress America

8、n Memory,Prohibition,The18th Amendment to the Constitution, or Prohibition, which banned the public sale of alcoholic beverages from 1919 until its appeal in 1933. Speak-easies, nightclubs, and taverns that sold liquor were often raided, and gangsters made illegal fortunes as bootleggers, smuggling

9、alcohol into America from abroad,Prohibition was a key component of the Jazz Age.,Prohibition Bust Source: Library of Congress American Memory,Gambling,Another gangland activity was illegal gambling. Perhaps the worst scandal involving gambling was the so-called Black Sox Scandal of 1919, in which e

10、ight members of the Chicago White Sox were indicted for accepting bribes to throw baseballs World Series.,The Automobile,The most conspicuous status symbol of the time was a flashy new automobile. Advertising was becoming the major industry, and soon advertisers took advantage of new roadways by set

11、ting up huge billboards at their sides. Both the automobile and a bizarre billboard play important roles in The Great Gatsby.,The New Woman,Among the rules broken were the age-old conventions guiding the behavior of women. The new woman demanded the right to vote and to work outside the home. Symbol

12、ically, she cut her hair into a boyish “bob” and bared her calves in the short skirts of the fashionable twenties “flapper.”,Womens fashions and hairstyles were daring and revealing during the Jazz Age. Women began to express themselves. This was the early stages of the feminist movement.,Images Sou

13、rce: Microsoft Office Clipart,F. Scott Fitzgerald,The mirror of the exciting age in almost every way.,Zelda in 1924,Dominant influences on FSF,Aspiration; Literature; Princeton University; Zelda Sayre Fitzgerald; Alcohol,Life Experiences,24 September 1896 Birth of Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald in St.

14、 Paul, Minnesota. October 1909 Publication of “The Mystery of the Raymond Mortgage”, FSFs first appearance in print. September 1913 FSF enters Princeton University with Class of 1917 February 1919 FSF discharged from army. Planning to marry Zelda Sayre. 26 March 1920 Publication of This Side of Para

15、dise. 3 April 1920 Marriage of FSF and Zelda Sayre. 10 April 1925 Publication of The Great Gatsby. 21 December 1940 FSF dies of heart attack.,Major Works,This Side of Paradise (1920) Flappers and Philosophers (1920) The Beautiful and Damned (1920) Tales of the Jazz Age (1922) The Great Gatsby (1925)

16、 Tender Is the Night (1934) The Last Tycoon (1941),Subjects,the mood and manners of his time with his own life, his love and pain With romantic parties Intense sentiment love, hate, loyalty, and disloyalty temperament and style of Poet and Dreamers exquisite observation Fascinating beauty in ordinar

17、y situations A double vision of the Jazz Age, both an insider and an outsider American Dream a particular interest in the upper-class society. spokesman of the Jazz Age, Dollar Decade, 1920s,The Great Gatsby (1925),Different Editions,THE,Great,Gatsby,“Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and de

18、ath like autumn leaves.”,Nick,Mrs. Wilson,Mr. Wilson,Tom,Jordan,Daisy,Gatsby,one,three,five,four,two,I. Plot summary,II. American Dream,The American Dream can be described as a belief in some sort of freedom that allows all citizens and residents of the United States of America to achieve their goal

19、s in life through hard work. It has always been a fragile agglomeration of (1) individual freedom of choice in life styles, (2) equal access to economic abundance, and (3) the pursuit of shared objectives mutually advantageous to the individual and society.,American Dream: Various aspects,Early immi

20、gration: The “land of opportunity” individual freedom self-reliance equality of opportunity competition material wealth hard work Absent morality, virtue, and substance, the American Dream becomes about materialism.,III. Symbols of The Recurring Images,Colors Eyes or Vision Wasteland Sunlight / Shad

21、ows Death Time,The Valley of Ashes,It represents the moral and social decay that results from the uninhibited pursuit of wealth. It also symbolizes the plight of the poor,The Eyes of Doctor T. J. Eckleburg,a pair of fading, bespectacled eyes painted on an old advertising billboard over the valley of

22、 ashes. They may represent God staring down upon and judging American society as a moral wasteland.,Symbolization: Colors,Colors affect the mood and emphasize the importance of events in a novel. The concept of color symbolism is prominent. Yellow (gold), white, and green affect the atmosphere of sc

23、enes through association with a specific mood. Color adds to the emotion of situations. The color is a way to correlate events to create a common meaning.,Color: Gold,Chapter 1 The front was broken by a line of French windows, glowing now with reflected gold . . . . Chapter 5 An hour later the front

24、 door opened nervously and Gatsby in a white flannel suit, silver shirt and gold-colored tie hurried in. His bedroom was the simplest room of all-except where the dresser was garnished with a toilet set of pure dull gold. Daisy admired this aspect or that of the feudal silhouette against the sky, ad

25、mired the gardens, the sparkling odor of jonquils and the frothy odor of hawthorn and plum blossoms and the pale gold odor of kiss-me-at-the-gate. Chapter 6 “And if you want to take down any addresses heres my little gold pencil.”,It symbolizes a desire for wealth, and old money. Rich people are “ro

26、tten” inside, like Daisies. But “noveau riche” people are also yellow (gold) inside, like Gatsby. He gained his fortune through dealings with crime. And this is an example shows a theme of death of the “American Dream”. The immoral people have all the money, and, according to the “American Dream”, m

27、oney should be a reward for honesty and hard work.,Analysis of “Gold/Yellow”,White,Chapter 1 The only completely stationary object in the room was an enormous couch on which two women were buoyed up as though upon an anchored balloon. They were both in white and their dresses were rippling and flutt

28、ering . “Our white girlhood was passed there. Our beautiful white -” Chapter 3 Dressed up in white flannels I went over to his lawn . . . .,Chapter 4 She dressed all in white and had a little white roadster and all day long the telephone rang in her house . . . .,Chapter 7 Daisy and Jordan lay upon

29、an enormous couch, like silver idols, weighing down their own white dresses against the singing breeze of the fans.,What color is a daisy?,1) “Our white girlhood was passed together there. Our beautiful white” (Daisy and Jordan) 2) “High in a white palace the kings daughter, the golden girl . . .” (

30、Daisy) 3) “When we pulled out into the winter night and the real snow, our snow (the end of the novel).,White symbolizes purity, innocence, and royalty, but Fitzgerald used this color to underline the inside of the wealthy people. This innocence is just a surface; they cover their dark side behind i

31、t, like Daisy. Her name symbolizes a flower: its petals are white, but its inside is yellow, not as pure as white. Daisy is fragile like a flower, but deep inside her, she is almost evil. She even kills an innocent person, Toms mistress. The upper class. Daisy, Tom, and Jordan are “old money” people

32、. They wear white clothes, live in white houses, but they are immoral inside.,Green,Chapter 1 Involuntarily I glanced seaward- and distinguished nothing except a single green light, minute and far away, that might have been the end of a dock,Chapter 4 Sitting down behind many layers of glass in a so

33、rt of green leather conservatory we started to town.,Chapter 5 Gatsby: “You always have a green light that burns all night at the end of your dock.” Now it was again a green light on the dock,Chapter 7 In the sunlight his face was green.,Chapter 9 “in the green light, the orgastic future that year b

34、y year recedes before us.”,Analysis of “Green”,“Green” stands for “not faded”, like in “a green old age”, or for hope. Gatsby is a “new money” person, so he lives in a green house, surrounded by green lawn. He has a hope of repeating the past, what is another theme in the novel. The “green light” is

35、 symbolic of Gatsbys longing for Daisy and the other matters: money, success, acceptance, and Daisy. Nick talks about the green light at the end of the book which connects the green light to all people. Everyone has something that they long and search for that is just off in the distance.,Other Colo

36、rs,Silver represents jewellery and richness. The moon or moonlight or the stars are often silver: the silver pepper of the stars; The moon had risen higher, and floating in the Sound was a triangle of silver scales ; A silver curve of the moon hovered already in the western sky“. Red associated with

37、 live, joy, love, shame, and rage. The inside of Buchanans home is in red. We walked through a high hallway into a bright rosy-colored space“,The Death of Gatsby,Why must he die? It is evitable. He represented American Dream which was explained by money. His death means he lost everything, his money

38、, social statue, so-called friends ( Nick not included) The clash of the society, no body could escape the tragic result, the only consequence is death and everything was gone with the wind.,The Death of Mr. Wilson,The struggle of low labor class. Living in fierce social survival competition. Making

39、 living at Ashheaps which is an unfavorite place on half way to their dreamlandNew York. However, he could never get there, only his wife by means of other unusual way. He was desperate. He had to die. He was a member of the lower class which would first go under when the society crashed. It is a ki

40、nd of tragedy.,That was a dying society, even God could do nothing with it but watch its fall. Death is the only solution of perdition of dream,尔今死去侬收葬， 未卜侬身何日丧? 侬今葬花人笑痴， 他年葬侬知是谁? 试看春残花渐落， 便是红颜老死时； 一朝春尽红颜老， 花落人亡两不知! 葬花词,IV. Characters: Main Protagonists,Daisy: A lazy, stupid, crazy about money, dish

41、onest, changeable but very beautiful girl, the unrealistic dream of Gatsby. Tom: A insolent, conceited, despicable playboy. Gatsby: A sympathetic with great desire of the great love for Daisy.,The main characters,Nick,Nick,He condemned the Spiritual wilderness, Immorality, Vanity And cruelty of the

42、American upper Class. He expressed his Great Sympathy for the Tragic death of Gatsby.,Narrator Classmate Tom Neighbor Gatsby Cousin Daisy,Jay Gatsby,James Gatz（before 17 ）-Born in poor Platonic (柏拉图) conception -he was a son of God,Jay Gatsby Money dream hard working illegal way (bootlegger; million

43、aire),Love dream (win Daisy back ),failed,Rise from bed.6:00 AM Dumbbell exercise and wall-scaling.6:15-6:30 Study electricity, etc.7:15-8:15 Work. 8:30-4:30 PM Baseball and sports. 4:30-5:00 Practice elocution, how to attain it .5:00-6:00 Study needed inventions. 7:00-9:00,Schedule,General resolves

44、,No wasting time at Shafters No more smoking or chewing Bath every other day Read one improving book or magazine per week Save $5.00(crossed out) $3.00 per week Be better to parents,Noble character: hardworking, honest, persistent, innocent,Tom Buchanan,an arrogant “old money” (aristocratic bully) t

45、he husband of Daisy “It was a body capable of enormous leveragea cruel body. ” Representative of the American upper class (Spiritual wilderness, immorality, vanity and cruelty),Daisy,Daisy: a white flower with a yellow centre Likes to wear white dress -Beautiful and charming in love with money, ease

46、 and material luxury. (“Her voice is full of money.”)-fickle, shallow, bored and sardonic,Wilson,a mechanic and owner of a garage located at the edge of the valley of ashes. the cuckolded husband of Myrtle “He was his wifes man and not his own.” The man determined Gatsbys fate.,Myrtle,George Wilsons

47、 wife Tom Buchanans mistress. A dream of being Cinderella(灰姑娘),Important Quotations Explained (1),1. I hope shell be a foolthats the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool. 2. He had one of those rare smiles with a quality of eternal reassurance in it, that you may come acro

48、ss four or five times in life. It faced, or seemed to face, the whole external world for an instant and then concentrated on you with an irresistible prejudice in your favor. It understood you just as far as you wanted to be understood, believed in you as you would like to believe in yourself.,Impor

49、tant Quotations Explained (2),3. The truth was that Jay Gatsby, of West Egg, Long Island, sprang from his Platonic conception of himself. He was a son of Goda phrase which, if it means anything, means just thatand he must be about His Fathers business, the service of a vast, vulgar, and meretricious

50、 beauty. So he invented just the sort of Jay Gatsby that a seventeen year old boy would be likely to invent, and to this conception he was faithful to the end.,West Egg and East Egg,West Egg represents the newly rich, Jay Gatsby and Nick Carraway, is tolerant, open-minded, quiet, and a good listener, the exact opposite of Daisy and Tom who are fickle, shallow, and sometimes bored with their wealth. Tom and Daisy are capable only of cruelty and destru