《局部解剖学》教学课件：7-腹部1腹壁

1、Abdomen Peng Ying Ji The Dept. of Anatomy Zhongshan Medical College Sun Yat-sen University,1.The abdomen is generally divided into nine regions,The abdomen locates between the thorax and pelvis. The contents of Abdomen include the abdominal wall, peritoneum and peritoneal cavity, abdominal organs, b

2、lood vessels, nerves and lymth.,The layers of the Abdominal wall 1.skin 2.superficial fascia 3.muscular layer 4.transversalis fascia 5.extraperitoneal fascia 6.parietal peritoneum,The superficial fascia can be divided into two layers below the umbilicus, they are Campers fascia and scarpas fascia.th

3、e deeper layer may communicate with fascia Lata of the thigh,the fascia of penis and scrotum and the Colles fascia.,The structures formed by the aponeurosis of external oblique muscle are as following: 1.the anterior layer of sheath of rectus abdominis.2.superficial inguinal ring 3.inguinal ligament

4、.4.lacunar ligament.5.pectineal ligament.,Superficial inguinal ring,The abdominal muscles Innervated by lower 6 pairs of thoracic nerves,The contents of the rectus sheath,1.rectus abdominis 2.pyramidalis 3.superior and inferior epigastric vessels. 4.the lower 6 pairs intercostal nerves,The walls of

5、the inguinal canal,1.the anterior wall: aponeurosis of external oblique abdominis 2.the posterior wall:abdominal transverse fascia 3.superior wall: the lower margin of the internal oblique abdominis and transveres abdominis. 4. Inferior wall: inguinal ligament.,The contents of inguinal canal,The spe

6、rmatic cord and ilioingunal nerve In male. The round ligament of uterus and Ilioinguinal nerve in female.,The structures formed by the aponeurosis of external ablique Anterior layer of rectus abdominis, superficial inguinal ring, inguinal ligament,The contents of spermatic cord ductus deferens, test

7、icular artery, pampiniform venous plexus, genital branch of genitofemoral nerve.,3 layers of spermatic cord,External spermatic fascia,Cremasteric fascia,Internal spermatic fascia,The sectional supply for the anterior branches of the thoracic nerves on the thorax and abdomen: 1.thoracic2 supply the s

8、ternal angle 2.thoracic4 supply the nipple area 3.thoracic6 supply the xiphoid area 4.thoracic8 supply the costal arch 5.thoracic 10 supply the umblicus 6.thoracic 12 supply the suprapubic,The inguinal triangle,Peritoneum and peritoneal cavity,Suprahepatic space,Peritoneal cavity,Mesenteric sinus,Ri

9、ght paracolic sulcus,Left paracolic sulcus,Transverse colon,Supracompartment of colon,Infracompartment of colon,Left paracolic gutter (sulcus),Thoraco- epigastric v.,superficial epigastric v.,Intercostal n.,Obliquus Internal abdominis,transversus abdomonis,Obliquus external abdominis,Abdominis apone

10、uroses,rectus abdomonis,Anterior lay of rectus sheath,Superficial fascia, vessels & nerves,Tendinous intersections,linea semilunaris,Posterior lay of rectus sheath,Semicircular line,transversus abdomonis,rectus abdomonis,Inferior epigastric a.,superior epigastric a.,transversulis fascia,Anterior lay

11、 of rectus sheath,Endoabdominal (extraperitoneal) fat,Rectus sheath,abdominis,5.The layers of abdominal wall,6.The inguinal region *Inguinal canal,Medial border lateral border of rectus abdominis,superior border A line between 2 anterior superior iliac spines,Inferior border Inguinal ligament,Medial

12、 border lateral border of rectus abdominis,Lateral border Inferior epigastric vessels,Inferior border Inguinal ligament,Deep(internal) inguinal ring,6.The inguinal region *Inguinal triangle Hesselbach,Middle umbilical fold,Medial umblical fold,Supravesical fossa,Medial inguinal fossa,7.Inguinal hernia and clinic treatment,10.The morphological structures of diaphragm *possess aortic hiatus,esophageal hiatus,caval hiatus *divided into sternal,costal,lumbar parts,and central tendon *possess sternocostal triangle and lumbocostal triangle,11