专升本状语从句.ppt

1、,状语从句,状语从句在句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。状语从句放在主句之前时,常用逗号分开;放在主句之后时,一般不用逗号。,时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 比较状语从句 方式状语从句 让步状语从句,状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。,状语哪里) wherever (无论哪里) everywhere (在每处)引导。 After the war, a new school building was put up where the

2、re had once been a theatre. 战后, 一所新学校在以前的剧院处建成。,2. 地点状语从句,Go where you want to go. 去你想去的地方。 Sit wherever you like.请随便坐。 Sit down. 请坐 She found her book where she lost it. 她在她丢的地方找到了书。,2. 地点状语从句,Youd better make a mark where you have any questions. Where you have any questions, Youd better make a mar

3、k. 哪儿有问题，你就在哪儿做个记号。,2. 地点状语从句,wherever = no matter where无论何处 Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. 不论在什么地方, 只要有烟就有火。 Everywhere he lived, he would like to help the neighbors in need. 他在任何地方居住, 都乐意帮助那些需要帮助的邻居。,2. 地点状语从句,We want to stay at home, where children would rather spend the holiday in the c

4、ountry. 我们想留在家里, 而孩子们却愿到乡间度假。(对比),Where 特殊用法,Where 除了表示地点外, 还可以表示条件、对比和让步。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。(条件) Wherever I went, the dog followed me. 无论我走到哪里,这只狗总跟着我。(让步),Where 特殊用法,原因状语从句一般由because(因为)、since(既然, 由于)、as(因为) now that(既然)、for (由于)、in that (由于) seeing that(因为)、considering

5、 that(鉴于, 由于)、not thatbut that (不是,而是),3. 原因状语从句,because表示直接的原因或理由, 表示原因的语气最强, 常表示必然的因果关系。回答以why引起的特殊疑问句, 只能用because。 Tom wore a raincoat because it was raining.因为天下雨, 所以汤姆穿着雨衣。 He is absent today because he is ill. 他今天缺课,因为他病了。,because、since、 as、for,: Since 表示对方已经知晓、无须加以说明的原因或事实, 语气比because稍弱。 Ill

6、do it for you since you are busy. 既然你忙，我来替你做吧。 Since we have not enough money, wed better stay at home this vacation. 既然我们没有足够的钱，这个假期我们就最好待在家里。,: as 表示的是十分明显的原因，听者或读者已经知道或能看得出来，语气较弱，只附带说明，比较口语化。 We had better hurry as its getting dark. 因为天快要黑了, 我们最好快点。 As you object, Ill change the plan. 由于你反对, 我将改变

7、计划。 As it is raining, Ill not go out. 因为正在下雨, 我就不出去了。,: for “因为”，不表示直接的原因, 而是推断的理由。不放句首。 The day breaks, because the birds are singing. 天亮了，因为太阳出来了。 The day breaks, for the birds are singing. 天亮了，因为鸟儿在叫。,now that 意为“既然, 由于”, 与since同义, 但更突出事实本身。 Now that youve got a chance, you might as well make ful

8、l use of it. 既然你有了机会,你要充分利用它。 Now that everyone is here, lets begin our meeting. 既然大家都来了, 我们就开始开会吧。,Seeing that he was ill, they sent for the doctor. 因为他病情严重, 他们派人请医生。 Seeing (that) he is too lazy, we dont have to help him. 因为他太懒了，我们不必帮助他。,seeing that、 considering that、in that,Considering (that) hes

9、 only 10 years old, he really did a good job. 考虑到他只有10岁，这件事他做的很好了。 In that she is ill, she feels unable to do that work. 因为病了, 她觉得不能做那个工作。,seeing that considering that、in that,Not that I dont like the film, but that I have no time for it. 不是因为我不喜欢那部电影, 而是因为我没时间去看。 The soldiers essential honor was no

10、t that he killed his enemy, but that he was willing to die.军人的真正光荣不是杀敌, 而是不惜牺牲。,not thatbut that 不是因为而是因为,：that、 so that、 in order that引导的状语从句中的谓语动词前常有情态动词may、might、can、could、will、 would We got up early in order that we could catch the first bus. 为了赶上早班车，我们早早地就起床了。 Drive carefully (so) that everyone

11、 can enjoy a long life. 开车小心点，让大家多活几年。,4. 目的状语从句,一般要用虚拟语气, 形式是“should+动词原形”或省掉should。 I obeyed her lest she should be angry. 我得顺着她,免得她生气。 Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很利害, 你就把帽子戴上,2. lest、for fear that、in case 以免 惟恐 以防,: so that、so、that He worked hard so that he passed the ex

12、am. We hurried so (that) we didnt miss the last bus. 我们加快步伐，所以没有错过最后一班车。 What has happened that all of them look so excited? 发生了什么事使他们显得那样激动？,5. 结果状语从句,: sothat 1. (so + adj./adv. + that) 2. (so + adj.+n.+ that) The film was so wonderful that we wanted to see it again. He is so strong that he can le

13、ft this heavy box. He is so strong a man that he can left this heavy box.,5. 结果状语从句,: suchthat 1. such+a(an)+n.+that 2. such +cn.+that 3. such +un. +that It was such a bad accident that many people were killed. Those are such beautiful songs that I want to listen to them once more.,5. 结果状语从句,试 比 较 H

14、e is such a cute boy that every one loves him. He is so cute a boy that every one loves him. He is so cute that every one loves him.,5. 结果状语从句,so或such 位于句首，主句要用倒装。 So difficult did I feel it to live in an English-speaking country that I decided to learn English well. 我感到在讲英语的国家里生活太难了，因此我决定学好英语 Such

15、was his behavior that everyone disliked him. 他的行为那么坏，大家都不喜欢他,5. 结果状语从句,1. 由if, unless引导: if 表示正面的条件,意为“如果”；unless表示反面的条件,意为“除非,如果不”（if not） You will be late unless you leave immediately.除非你立即走,否则,你会迟到。 If you dont hurry up, youll be late. 如果你不快点,你就会晚了。 Well go there unless it rains. 如果不下雨,我们就去那儿。,6.

16、 条件状语从句,2、由suppose, supposing, as/so long as， providing, provided, on condition that和in case等引导这类连词(词组)意思相近,有: “如果、假设、即使、在条件下”等意义。 Suppose (Supposing) he is ill, what shall we do? 如果他病了, 我们该怎么办？ In case John comes, please tell him to wait. 假如约翰来了, 请让他稍候。,6. 条件状语从句,比较状语从句一般由 asas (和一样)、than(比)、 not a

17、s/soas (与不一样) the more, the more (越越),7. 比较状语从句,The director gave me a better offer than he gave Dick. 导师给我的提议比给狄克的好。 John plays football as well as, if not better than, David. 如果说约翰的足球踢的不比大卫好, 至少和他踢的一样好。,7. 比较状语从句,I cant run as/so fast as he can. 我不能跑得他那样快。 He is not so/as tall as his brother. 他没有他

18、哥哥高。,7. 比较状语从句,方式状语从句一般由as(正如;按照),as if/as though(好像),the way等引导。 1. as 和just as引导方式状语从句这两个连词的意思是“如,犹如,正如” (in the same manner that)。just as 比as的强调性更强。 Just as the water is the most important of liquids, air is the most important gases. 正如水是液体中最重要的一种一样,空气是气体中最重要的一种。,8.方式状语从句,2、as if 和as though引导方式状语

19、从句 as if 和as though意为“好像、仿佛”可以用虚拟语气表示不符合事实或与事实相反的情况;也可以用陈述语气表示符合事实的情况。 He walked slowly as if he had hurt his leg. 他走得很慢,好像腿受了伤。 He spoke as if he knew the question very well.他说得好像对这个问题知道得很清楚。,8.方式状语从句,3、the way引导方式状语从句 the way它的作用相当于the manner,后面的引导词常用that引导方式状语,而且经常省略。此时,一般不用in which引导。 I dont lik

20、e the way you speak to her.我不喜欢你和她说话的方式。 We didnt like the way that he treated us. 我不喜欢他对待我们的方式。,8.方式状语从句,让步状语从句由though, although, as, even if (though), however，whatever, whoever, whenever，no matter +wh词,等引导。 Although journalism seems like a good profession, I would prefer to be a teacher虽然新闻业好像是一个很

21、好的职业,但是我更喜欢当老师。,9. 让步状语从句,9. 让步状语从句,although, though, as, even though/even if, while(虽然), no matter + which/what / when/where/who/how, whichever, wherever, whatever, whoever, whenever, however, whetheror,【结论1】although / though / while (只能位于句首)虽然;尽管。 尽管他很富裕,他从不浪费一个子儿。 Although he is rich, he never wastes a coin.,Old as my father is, he keeps up with his English study. 尽管