mega4宾语从句.ppt

1、Dream the world Achieve the future,第一讲：宾语从句,什么叫宾语从句？,在复合句中，用一个句子从当宾语，那么这个句子就叫做宾语从句。,He will come tomorrow. (简单句）,I hope that he will come tomorrow.,谓语,主语,主语,谓语,连接词,E.g:,Where does he come from? (简单句）,主语,Do you know where he comes from?,the main clause,the object clause,连接词,疑问副词,宾 语,（一）宾语从句的关联词,引导名词性

2、从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether, if 不充当从句的任何成分 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why,1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句, that 后引导陈述句，从句语序不变 that在句中不担任任何成分，本身没有词义 在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,I hope Youll have a good holiday. I hope (that )youll have a good holiday.,He has told me that h

3、e will go to Shanghai tomorrow. John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. We must never think that we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.,2. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句, 用whether或if引导一般疑问句，可 互换使用。 whether和if 译为“是否” 要把从句由一般疑问语序变为陈述句语序。,She asked me “ Does Tom live here?” She

4、asked me whether/if Tom lived here. I dont know “Will the movie star come?” I dont know whether/if the movie star will come.,注意：,在whether 后面跟or not中时不能用if代替。e.g. I dont know whether he is going to see the film or not.,3. 由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句。,保留原来特殊疑问句的疑问词，在宾语从句中做关联词，失去疑问功能。 在宾语从句中担任成分。 不能省略。,三.由 what,

5、 why, when, where, who, which, whose, whom, how 等 wh- 类连接代词或副词引导的宾语从句：,The child asked his father When will the TV play begin?,The child asked his father when the TV play would begin.,Why did he choose that book? She asked me What can they do to help us? They want to know,why he had chosen that one.

6、,what they can do to help us.,（二）宾语从句中时态的呼应,当主句谓语动词是现在时，从句时态不受主句影响。,当主句谓语动词是过去时态，从句则要用相应的过去时态。 当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。 The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America,1. I know (that) he _ (join) the League in 1985. 2. Could you tell me where he _(mend) his bike at that time? 3. I see

7、that they _ (play) football over there. 4. Tell me where he _ (live). 5. I want to know how long you _(have) this bike. 6. I hear that he _(come) tomorrow.,joined,was mending,are playing,lives,have had,will come,从句可以根据实际情况使用各种时态,I knew that he _(join) the League in 1999. 2. I wanted to know how you

8、_ (get) on with your classmates. 3. He told me that he _(have) this bike for three years. 4. I wondered if he _(come) tomorrow.,had joined,got / were getting,had had,would come,从句可以根据实际情况使用各种时态,Our teacher told us that light _(go) faster than sound. 2. We all knew that the moon _(move) round the sun

9、. 3. It was true that there _(be) twelve months in a year.,goes,moves,are,从句可以根据实际情况使用各种时态,（四）宾语从句的几个注意事项,1）否定转移 think, believe, imagine, suppose等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如： We dont think you can handle it. 不说：we think you cant handle it. I dont believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。 不说：I believe h

10、e wont do so.,3）doubt 和sure引导的宾语从句,注意不同情况关联词地选择 Im not sure whether/if。 我不确定是否 Im sure that I can make my life different. Im sure that 我相信 Im not sure whether this news is true.,I dont doubt that。 我毫不怀疑 I dont doubt that there is miracle in this world. I doubt whether/if。 我怀疑是否 I doubt whether he ca

11、n speak English.,1. 练习,1. that 引导陈述句 (在口语或非正式文体中可以省略）。,He will come back tomorrow. He tells me _. He told me _._ He goes to school on foot. I know _. I knew _. There are 54 students in our class. Dont you know _. Didnt you know _._ Andy said,” I will leave a message on your desk.” Andy said _.,that

12、he would come back tomorrow,that he will come back tomorrow,that she would leave a message on my desk,that he goes to school on foot,that he went to school on foot,that there are 54 students in our class,that there were 54 students in our class,2、连接代词或连接副词引导特殊疑问句。,How long are you going to be away?

13、Could you tell me (2) What time does their plane leave Beijing? Do you know (3) Where should we show our tickets. I dont know (4) Which subject do you like best? He asked me (5) How long have you kept that book? I want to know (6) How many times have you been to Beijing. Can you tell me (7) Whose di

14、ctionary is this? Nobody knows,what time their plane leaves Beijing?,how long you are going to be away?,where we should show our tickets.,which subject I liked best.,how long you have kept that book.,how many times you have been to Beijing?,whose dictionary this is.,(8). Who is the best at English i

15、n your class? Could you tell me Whats the matter with your bike? He asked me (10) Why didnt you come to school yesterday? The teacher asked Lucy (11) When did the meeting begin? I dont know How many students are there in your class? He asked me (13) The sun is much bigger than the earth. We all knew,that the sun is much bigger than the earth.,how many students there were in our class.,when the meeting began.,why she didnt come to school yesterday,what was the matter with my bike.,who is the best at English in your class?,2) it做形式宾语,当从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句