刚升高中时能用到的初中语法复习.ppt

1、1. 一般现在时 1.表示习惯或反复发生的动作及存在的状态. 常与 usually, often,always, sometimes, every day/week连用。 Im an English teacher and I teach English. He often studies in his study. 2.表示客观事实或真理。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 3.在时间，条件及让步状语从句中表示将来。 If it rains tomorrow, we will put off the spring outing.

2、Well continue our topic when we meet next time.,构成：一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词的词尾要加-s。（一般的动词词尾+s。以sh/ch/s/x结尾的词+es.以辅音字母Y结尾的把Y变成i，+es。辅音字母o结尾的+es.),love -loves run-runs catch-catches carry-carries convey-conveys do-does,2.现在进行时,1.表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，常与: now, right now, at this moment ,at present 连用。 eg :

3、 What are they discussing now? Listen! The students are singing songs. 2.表示近段时间主要进行的动作，说话时不一定正在进行。 eg :The workers are building a new factory. 3:.表示最近计划或安排要进行的动作，常限于go,come,leave,start,arrive等表示位移的动词。 eg: He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.,现在进行时的构成,动词现在分词,助动词be 随人称变为 am, is, are,主语 + be + 动词-ing,现在

4、分词的变化规则,Listen!,The bird,is,sing,ing.,They,clean,are,ing,now.,Is he listening to the teacher?,No, he isnt. He is sleeping.,3. 一般过去时 1.表示过去的动作或状态，常带相应的时间状语或上下文暗示。常与 just now, yesterday, last week, in 2016, a few days ago等连用。 He left school in 2008 and then began to work. 2.在具体语境中，表示“刚才，刚刚”，暗示现在不那样了。

5、What a small world ! I didnt know you were here in London too!,巧记动词过去时态,动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事； be用was或用were, have,has变had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志； 一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。 否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添； 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原； 动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。,一般过去时构成： 1.含有Be动词的句子 肯定句： 主语 was/were 否定句：主语 wasnt/werent 一般问句：was/we

6、re 主语 e.g. 昨天是星期二。 2.含有实义动词的句子 肯定句：主语 动词的过去式 否定句：主语 didnt 动词原形 一般问句：Did 主语 动词原形 e.g.我昨天去公园了。,规则动词过去式的构成,4. 现在完成时 1.强调过去的动作对现在的影响，常与already, yet, never, just, by this time, so far 等连用。 Jane has already told me the news. Mr. Smith has not left yet. Please wait here. 2.表示过去的某一动作或行为一直持续到现在。 常与for , all

7、my life, all day , up to now, so far ,in the past years ,since 等时间状语连用。 Everything has changed since he came to Japan. I have been married for 10 years. 3. It is the first time that + sb. have/has done that从句用现在完成时。,现在完成时的构成,规则变化以及不规则变化,助动词 可以帮助构成肯定，否定，疑问句,主语 +has/have + 过去分词,1.have/has gone to去了（说话

8、时某人不在，只用于第三人称） have/has been to去过(常与never, once twice, ever 连用 ) have/has been in 在(与时间段连用,用how long 提问) 2.某些瞬间动词的完成时态不能与一段时间连用,此时要把该动词进行转换. e.g. He died five years ago. He has been dead for five years. The film began 10 minutes ago. The film has been on for 10 minutes.,不规则动词的过去式以及过去分词巧记规律 1.AAA cos

9、t-cost-cost read-read-read 2. ABA run-ran-run come-came-come 3.ABB tell-told-told keep-kept-kept 4.ABC write-wrote-written go-went-gone,5. 过去完成时 1.表示过去某一时间之前已完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。常与by ,since , before 等连用。 Jane had finished the homework before her dad returned. 2.表示从过去某一时间一直持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for , by , sin

10、ce 连用。 I had been at the station for 20 minutes before the bus finally came. 3. It was the first time that + sb. had done that从句用现在完成时。,主语+had + 动词的过去分词 (p.p.),定义：,必须要有个相对比的时间才能有过去完成时。,1.在老师进入教室前, 李磊擦了黑 板.,Li Lei _ (clean) the blackboard before the teacher came into the classroom.,had cleaned,2. 当我们

11、到那儿时火车已经离开了。,The train _ (leave) when we arrived there.,had left,强调过去某一个动作发生在 另一个动作前,常常用过去完成时态。,构成：,过去完成时的否定形式： 过去完成时的疑问形式： 肯定回答： 否定回答：,主语had nothadnt+ p.p.+其它.,Yes,主语+had.,Had+主语p.p.+其它?,No,主语+ had not.,6.过去进行时,1.表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。 eg : What were they discussing at the meeting yesterday ? 2.表示过去某一阶段主

12、要从事的活动。 eg :The workers were building a new factory . 3.表示某些感情色彩。 eg: He was always making mistakes.,过去进行时的构成： 主语 +was/were + 现在分词(V-ing),7.一般将来时 1. 表示临时决定要做的动作或说话人认为，假定，希望 将来要发生的动作。 We all believe that our motherland will be richer and stronger. 2. 表示说话人主观打算做某事，或客观迹象即将发生某事。 If you are going to atte

13、nd the meeting, you should go now. Look at the dark cloud in the sky. It is going to rain.,will +动词原形,be going to +动词原形,3. 表示计划中约定的或按职责，义务和要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。 The workers are to build a new hope school here soon. 4. 表示马上要做的事，不强调主观。不与具体的时间状语连用。 Look! The race is about to begin.,be to +动词原形,be about to +动词原形,与一般将来时连用的时间状语： next time/week/month/year, tomorrow, in the future, before long(不久后),8.过去将来时,过去将来时的构成： 1.would + V 2.was/were going to do 3.wa