细胞工程英文简介

1、10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 1,细胞工程Cell Engineering,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 2,Cell Engineering - Engineering is the applied science of acquiring and applying knowledge to design, analysis, and/or construction of works for practical purposes.,10/2005

2、,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 3,Cell Engineering,What,When,Who,Where,How,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 4,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 5,What is Cell Engineering,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 6,Monoclonal antibody produ

3、ction an example of cell engineering,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 7,CE Lecture 0 Introduction to Cell Engineering,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 8,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 9,CE 0-1 Cell Engineering and Biotechnology,10/2005,Wuhan

4、 University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 10,Cell engineering encompasses a wide range of research and practical techniques in science. Technically, any manipulation that disturbs a cell from its original, natural state is cell engineering. ABiotechnology BWhat is Cell Engineering CCell Engineering and

5、 other disciplines,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 11,Introduction to Biotechnology,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 12,Milestone: Recombinant DNA technique in 1970s,1944DNA and genetic information 1953DNA model and replicatio 1961Genetic code 1972Recombinant D

6、NA techniques Milestone: Genetic Engineering, the core of Biotechnololgy,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 13,Biotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. The UN Convention on Biological Diversity has come up with on

7、e of many definitions of biotechnology: Biotechnology means any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use. Biotechnology can also be defined as the manipulation of organisms to do practic

8、al things and to provide useful products.,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 14,Biological Resources Organisms or parts of organism Molecules,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 15,One aspect of biotechnology is the directed use of organisms for the manufacture of or

9、ganic products (examples include beer and milk products. For another example, naturally present bacteria are utilized by the mining industry in bioleaching. Biotechnology is also used to recycle, treat waste, clean up sites contaminated by industrial activities (bioremediation), and produce biologic

10、al weapons. There are also applications of biotechnology that do not use living organisms. Examples are DNA microarrays used in genetics and radioactive tracers used in medicine.,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 16,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 17,Biotechnolo

11、gy,How these techniques related to each other,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 18,DNA,RNA,Protein,Transcription,Translation,Regulation,Central Dogma,Introduction to Biotechnology,Replication,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 19,Some basic biological techniques： C

12、ultivation Techniques Cytology and Histology Techniques Molecular Biology Techniques Biochemical Techniques,Introduction to Biotechnology,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 20,Ski transgenic mouse (lower left) and non-transgenic littermate (upper right) (Sutrave and Hughes) this sho

13、wed that Ski modulated skeletal muscle development and maturation,What is Cell Engineering,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 21,细胞工程学的核心 对细胞的培养和改造 Cultivation and Modification,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 22,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 -

14、 23,Features of Cell Engineering -承上启下的学科 -交叉学科 Multi-discipline 各学科在理论和技术(Theories and Techniques)上的承上启下和交叉： 生命科学自身各学科的交叉 Intra-discipline 生命科学同其他学科的交叉 Inter-discipline,How Cell Engineering related to other disciplines,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 24,How Cell Engineering rela

15、ted to other disciplines,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 25,How Cell Engineering related to other disciplines,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 26,CE 0-2 Development of Cell Engineering,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 27,“Each adds to our kno

16、wledge of nature and from all the facts assembled arises grandeur.”,Aristotle (384-322 B.C.),10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 28,WHY HISTORY? Those who can not remember history will be condemned for repeat!,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 29,WHY HISTORY? Places

17、 modern developments in context - ie. Not isolated discoveries but built upon years of inquiry. Demonstrates connectedness of diverse fields of science - for example studies in nutrition led to tissue culture advances; tissue culture experiments contributed to the discovery of plant hormones puts pe

18、rsonalities into the process,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 30,How scientific theory develops,Hypothesis,Hypothesis becomes theory,理论指导下的改造自然,Observation,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 31,Cell Theory - proposed in 1830s,Schleiden,Matthias (1804-1881) German

19、botanist and master microscopist,Schwann,Theodor (1810-1882) German physiologist,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 32,Ross Granville Harrison 18701959, American biologist and anatomist, Ph.D. Johns Hopkins, 1894. He went to Yale as professor of comparative anatomy in 1907 and held

20、various honorary positions there until his death. He is known for his work on nerve development in the embryo and on nerve regeneration as well as for his discovery of a method of tissue culture that permits study of isolated living cells in a controlled environment.,Harrison：组织培养之父,10/2005,Wuhan Un

21、iversity of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 33,MT Burrows and A Carrel Tumors and cancer cells were grown in flasks for the first time early in the 20th century. Pioneers Alexis Carrel and Montrose Burrows developed the first long-term tissue cultures in 1911. Burrows coined the phrase tissue culture to des

22、cribe their procedure.,A Carrel (1873 1944) The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1912 in recognition of his work on vascular suture and the transplantation of blood vessels and organs,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 34,Isolation and Fusion of Protoplast,Cocking,10/2005,Wuhan

23、 University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 35,Fusion of animal cells and monoclonal antibody,Georges J.F. Khler,Csar Milstein,1984 Nobel Prize Winners,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 36,Transgenic Animals,Transgenic mice The first successful production of transgenic mice using pronuc

24、lear microinjection was reported in 1980 (Gordon et al., 1980) Transgenic fish 1984,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 37,Dolly,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 38,CE 0-3 Application Areas of Cell Engineering,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 39,

25、Plant Cell Engineering Animal Cell Engineering Biomedicine Basic Theory,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 40,CE 0-4 Important concepts in Cell Engineering Cell Culture and Tissue Culture,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 41,细胞培养(cell culture):细胞的离体培养 组织培养(tissue culture):组织的离体培养 In vitro and in vivo,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 42,CE 0-5 Teaching Schedule,10/2005,Wuhan University of Technology Xie H.,CE0 - 43,10/2005,Wuhan