新视界大学英语2(综合教程)unit1答案及课件.ppt

1、,THINKING for yourself,Warming up,1. Listen and underline any words or expressions which are different from what you hear.,Think about it! Here are some tips for students who want to increase their thinking power., The more carefully you think about something, the less interesting it becomes. A univ

2、ersity student can learn a lot from TV programmes as well as from teachers. If you take a break when you get stuck on a difficult passage in a book, it may be more difficult to understand when you come back to it., The more carefully you think about something, the less interesting it becomes. (more)

3、 A university student can learn a lot from TV programmes as well as from teachers. (other student) If you take a break when you get stuck on a difficult passage in a book, it may be more difficult to understand when you come back to it. (easier), Dont believe anything your teacher says. Be prepared

4、to check the facts. Read your lecture notes again within 24 days. Otherwise they may not make sense to you anymore. If you have any good ideas while you are in the bath, get out and write them down. Otherwise you will forget them. Its important to believe in your own ideas as much as anybody elses.,

5、Warming up, Dont believe anything your teacher says. Be prepared to check the facts. (everything) Read your lecture notes again within 24 days. (hours) Otherwise they may not make sense to you anymore. If you have any good ideas while you are in the bath, get out and write them down. Otherwise you w

6、ill forget them. (bed) Its important to believe in your own ideas as much as anybody elses. (more than),Warming up,2. Work in pairs and discuss the advice. Decide which tips you agree with, and which you dont.,Shorter points on the tips: 1st one: The first seems true to me. If you just look at an an

7、t for a moment, it is of little interest, but if you start thinking about how they live, what they do and so on, it gets fascinating, and its like that with most things. 2nd one: Though perhaps there is a difference. You are more likely to learn subject knowledge from your teacher and other types of

8、 knowledge from friends who have had different experiences of life. 3rd one: There is no point in just reading and rereading. You need to go and give your mind a break, and then try again when you feel fresh.,Warming up,4th one: I think that depends on the sort of thing the teacher says. If a teache

9、r gives you facts about the subject, they are not likely to be wrong; but you can question opinions. 5th one: This is very good advice. I wish I took it more often. Some of my notes are like a strange foreign language! 6th one: Even better keep a notebook with you all the time. You can put it by the

10、 bath as long as you are careful not to get it wet, as well as beside your bed. It is better than getting up and looking around for pen and paper. 7th one: Maybe, but there have been plenty of wiser and cleverer people than me so probably I should listen to their opinions first.,Warming up,Watch the

11、 video and answer some questions.,1. What do you think of the teachers in the movie, especially Mr. Keating, the one who teaches poetry? Do you like him ? Why or why not?,2. How do you understand the saying “Believing everything in books is worse than having no books at all”?,Warming up,Look at the

12、title of the passage and answer the questions.,1 What is “thinking for yourself”?,The main meaning is not simply adopting the opinions of others, but taking the time and effort to form your own opinion, to be an independent thinker.,Warming up,2 Is it important to think for yourself?,It is of great

13、importance to think for yourself; you couldnt just simply accept the views of others. But we should also listen to the wiser people, as they tend to advise us according to their deeper experience.,Warming up,3 How do you learn to think for yourself?,One way is, on any question, to try to think about

14、 different points of view. This means you do not just accept an idea but test it against others and only adopt it if it seems the best one to you.,Warming up,4 Is it possible to teach someone to think for themselves?,Yes, it is possible but not easy. It has to be a process. I think it comes slowly w

15、hen students, with the encouragement of teachers, learn to challenge themselves in a stimulating environment. One day they will find themselves actually thinking for themselves. If the teacher praises them for this, it will strengthen the habit.,Skimming, Browse the passage within 8 minutes to get a

16、 rough idea about it. Choose the best answer to the questions on page 4.,Task,1 Why does the writer believe thinking for oneself is not popular? (a) Because it takes too much time. (b) Because institutions dont like it. (c) Because it doesnt lead to progress. (d) Because only a few people are able t

17、o do it. Answer: (b),Skimming,2 How often are people interested in what other people think according to the writer? (a) Always. (b) Often. (c) Hardly ever. (d) Never. Answer: (c),Skimming,3 Who first made the writer realize that thinking for oneself is important? (a) The manager of an oil company. (

18、b) The writers parents. (c) The writers maths teacher. (d) The writers friend Sarah. Answer: (c),Skimming,4 How did the writer feel when she was asked to write “the sum of a number”? (a) Pleased, because it was an easy question to answer. (b) Bored, because she wasnt interested in maths. (c) Worried

19、, because she was the only one who didnt know the answer. (d) Confused, because she didnt understand the question. Answer: (d),Skimming,5 What did the writer do in the end? (a) She copied what someone else wrote. (b) She suddenly realized the meaning of the question. (c) She felt too frightened to w

20、rite an answer. (d) She asked the teacher to explain. Answer: (a),Skimming,6 What does the writer think of the maths teacher? (a) She was the best teacher she ever had. (b) She was the worst teacher she ever had. (c) She taught her an important lesson. (d) She valued the intelligence of her pupils.

21、Answer: (c),Think for yourself 1 Thinking for yourself is still a radical act.,译文,Digging,MP3,2 Thinking for yourself is not a popular activity, though it should be. Every step of real progress in our society has come from it. But in most circles, particularly in places that shape our lives families

22、, schools and most workplaces thinking for yourself is regarded with suspicion. Some institutions thwart it on purpose. It can be seen as dangerous.,MP3,Digging,3 I was reminded of this sad fact at a party when a fellow guest asked me the subject of a book I was planning to write. I told him that it

23、 was about how people can help each other to think for themselves. “Oh dear,” he said, “I dont think much of that; I much prefer people do as theyre told.” I later found out that he is the fourth-generation president of one of the largest oil companies.,译文,MP3,Digging,4 When was the last organizatio

24、nal vision statement you saw that included the words “ to develop ourselves into a model environment in which everyone at every level can think for themselves”? For that matter, when was the last time somebody asked you, “What do you really think, really?” and then waited for you to answer at length

25、?,译文,MP3,Digging,5 This dearth should not surprise us. Hardly anyone has been encouraged, much less trained, to think for themselves, and their teachers and parents and bosses werent either. And neither were theirs. (We may have learned to revere thinkers like Socrates, but we also learned that the

26、state poisoned him for thinking for himself: not unmitigated encouragement.),译文,MP3,Digging,6 Occasionally, however, we do have a teacher or mentor who truly wants us to develop our own thinking. They give us glimpses. When I was 13 years old, I was put into an advanced algebra course. On the first

27、day the teacher, who was maligned by students as a hard teacher because she tried to get them to think, stood in front of the blackboard and said, “On the paper in front of you write the sum of a number.”,译文,MP3,Digging,7 The entire class of 35 pubescent people just stared at her. She repeated the d

28、irection, “Write the sum of a number.”,译文,MP3,Digging,译文,MP3,Digging,8 I remember my hand gathering sweat around the pencil. A few heads looked down and their pencils started up. I wondered what in the world they were writing. I saw the girl across the aisle from me lean forward and peer over the sh

29、oulder of the boy in front of her who was scribbling something. Then she scratched a figure and immediately covered it with her hand.,9 The teacher paced and rubbed the chalk between her fingers. I wondered what she was about to put on the board. I was now the only one not writing. I leaned back and

30、 over my left shoulder whispered to my friend, “What is it?”,译文,MP3,Digging,10 “Seven,” she whispered back.,MP3,Digging,11 So I wrote “7” on my paper. I kept my head down, hoping I looked busy and confident.,MP3,MP3,Digging,12 After the agony among us had become tactile, the teacher asked us for our

31、 answers. The number 7 was prevalent. She walked slowly over to the board and wrote: “There is no such thing as the sum of a number.”,MP3,Digging,13 I knew that. 14 Why didnt you write it? 15 Sarah said it was 7. 16 Why did you ask her? 17 Because I dont know. 18 Thats right. From now on, think for

32、yourself.,Digging,19 I was too scared around that teacher for the rest of my young life to think very well in her presence. But I took the message with me and gradually examined and valued it.,MP3,Digging,I dont recommend humiliating people into thinking for themselves as she had. She certainly did

33、not create a Thinking Environment for us. Had she affirmed our intelligence first and spoken about the joy of thinking for ourselves, had she not fanned our fear of her, we would all have learned even more powerfully what it meant to do our thinking. And we might have been able to think well around

34、her too.,MP3,Digging,Main idea of the text,20 But at least she introduced the concept into my academic life.,MP3,1 Thinking for yourself is still a radical act. (Para 1),The word “still” shows the writers impatience after all this time we are still thinking like sheep (盲目从众、没有主见的人) and following wha

35、t everyone else does or thinks.,Difficult sentences,Difficult sentences,2 particularly in places that shape our lives families, schools and most workplaces thinking for yourself is regarded with suspicion. (Line 4, Para 2),The idea behind this sentence is that our lives are significantly influenced

36、by places or social institutions like the family, school or workplace. For example, parents tend to make life choices for their children, schools make students wear uniform and obey the teacher, and most companies want their workers to follow regular procedures and not to express their opinions.,The

37、 writer was shocked that a person in such a senior position should have such an opinion and prefer obedient employees to thoughtful ones.,Difficult sentences,3 I later found out that he is the fourth-generation president of one of the largest oil companies. (Line 7, Para 3),The answer expected is th

38、at it is very rare for vision statements to say such things, even though the writer thinks it is what every organization should be aiming at.,Difficult sentences,When was the last organizational vision statement you saw that included the words ? (Line 1, Para 4),This is an example of irony: The expr

39、ession is far too mild; clearly killing someone, ie Socrates, is very powerful discouragement to others who intend to follow him. not unmitigated encouragement: not a completely good encouragement,Difficult sentences,5 (We may have learned to revere thinkers like Socrates, but we also learned that t

40、he state poisoned him for thinking for himself: not unmitigated encouragement.) (Line 5, Para 5),The rather strange alliterative (头韵的) expression “pubescent people” instead of the more normal “teenagers” adds a touch of humour.,Difficult sentences,6 The entire class of 35 pubescent people just stare

41、d at her. (Line 1, Para 7),The teacher drew out the event, creating suspense, and at that moment the tension in the classroom could even be touched. This is an exaggeration as agony cannot actually be touched, though sometimes physical symptoms are visible, eg sweating when strained.,Difficult sente

42、nces,7 After the agony among us had become tactile, (Line 1, Para 12),Note the absence of quotation marks. This dialogue is not between the child and teacher but in the childs head.,Difficult sentences,8 I knew that. (Para 13),Unfortunately, the teachers lesson did not really work at the time becaus

43、e her approach made the students so afraid of her that their brains would not work properly in her presence. for the rest of my young life: It refers to the time the writer spent at that school.,Difficult sentences,9 I was too scared around that teacher for the rest of my young life to think very we

44、ll in her presence. (Line 1, Para 19),a Thinking Environment: It is an important concept in Nancy Klines book; it refers to an organizational atmosphere which makes people feel comfortable about thinking about their work and goals.,Difficult sentences,She certainly did not create a Thinking Environm

45、ent for us. (Line 6, Para 19),It is a metaphor derived from fanning a fire / flame. The teacher did give them a valuable lesson but its impact was lessened by her also increasing students fear of her.,Difficult sentences,11 had she not fanned our fear of her (Line 9, Para 19),radical,释义,a. radical o

46、pinions or acts are based on the belief that important political or social changes are necessary 激进的；极端的,例句,His radical ideas are likely to produce fireworks at the meeting.,他的激进思想很可能在会上引起激烈的争论。,翻译,Words,例句,翻译,I never dared be radical when young for fear it would make me conservative when old.,我年轻时从

47、来不敢激进，因为害怕年老时那会使我保守。,particularly,释义,ad. used for emphasizing that something refers especially to one specific person, thing, or situation 尤其,例句,The environment has become a major political issue, particularly in the past decade.,环境保护已成为了一个主要的政治问题，尤其是在过去10年里。,翻译,Words,真题,The automobile is losing its

48、 emotional appeal, particularly among the young, who prefer to spend their money on the latest electronic devices. (Jun. 2009, CET-4, Vocabulary and structure),suspicion,释义,n. U a feeling that you do not trust someone or something 不信任；猜疑,例句,Refugees tend to be treated with suspicion.,难民常会遭人猜疑。,翻译,Wo

49、rds,例句,New people in our town were regarded with suspicion.,我们镇上的人对新来的人存有戒备心。,翻译,suspicion,释义,n. C a feeling that someone has done something wrong （对某人做错事的）怀疑，猜疑，疑心,例句,She had a suspicion that Mr Engel was not being completely honest.,她怀疑恩格尔先生没有完全说实话。,翻译,Words,真题,Imagine that someone in your neighbo

50、rhood broke the law, and the judge put the whole neighborhood under suspicion. (Dec. 2010, CET-4, Listening Comprehension),例句,Her suspicions were aroused by the smell of perfume on his clothes.,他衣服上的香水味引起了她的怀疑。,翻译,释义,例句,They argue for the reform of existing political institutions.,他们认为要改革现有的政治机构。,翻译

51、,Words,institution,And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. (Dec. 2007, CET-4, Skimming and Scanning),真题,例句,That is a charitable institution for the education of young children.,那是个从事儿童教育的慈善团体。,翻译,subject,

52、释义,n. C an idea, problem, situation etc that you discuss or write about 主题；话题,例句,Hes never mentioned the subject of money.,他从未提到过钱的问题。,翻译,Words,On the subject of space walks, for example, audiences vary in their interests and how much complexity they can comprehend. (Dec. 2008, CET-4, Listening Comp

53、rehension),真题,The positive side of Henry Fords statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U.S. life. (Jun. 2003, CET-4, Reading Comprehension),statement,释义,n. C something you say or write that states a fact or gives information in a formal way 说明；陈述,例句,He refused to make a

54、statement to the press.,他拒绝向媒体发表声明。,翻译,Words,真题,例句,A will is a statement of who gets what when you die.,遗嘱就是在你死后关于谁得到什么东西的陈述。,翻译,“Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family,” says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. (Jun. 2000, CET-4, Reading Comprehension),p

55、oison,释义,vt. to kill someone or make them very ill by giving them poison 毒杀；毒害,例句,He was suspected of poisoning his wife.,他有毒死妻子的嫌疑。,翻译,Words,真题,真题,They (foxes) are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. (Jan. 2002, CET-4, Reading C

56、omprehension),The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that dont have pest (害虫) problems. (Jun. 1997, CET-4, Reading Comprehension),poison,释义,n. C, U a substance that can kill you or make you ill

57、if you eat, drink, or breathe it 有毒物；毒药,例句,Some mushrooms contain poison.,有些蘑菇是有毒的。,翻译,Words,真题,encouragement,释义,n. C, U words or actions that give someone confidence or hope 鼓励；鼓舞,例句,He received a lot of encouragement from his teacher.,老师给了他极大的鼓励。,翻译,Words,真题,We expect our pupils to do their best,

58、not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal. (Jan. 1990, CET-4, Reading Comprehension),例句,Mick was always ready to offer advice and encouragement.,迈克总是乐于给别人建议和鼓励。,翻译,glimpse,释义,n. C ( of / into) an experience that gives you an idea of what something is like 窥见某物之一斑,例句,翻

59、译,Words,The exhibit gives us a glimpse of what life might be like in the future.,这个展览让我们了解到未来的生活可能是什么样子。,例句,翻译,That smile afforded her a brief glimpse of the other side of Adam.,亚当的微笑让她看到了他的另一面。,glimpse,释义,n. C (of) an occasion when you see someone or something for a moment only 一瞥,例句,翻译,Words,Some fans had waited 24 hours outside the hotel to catch a glimpse of the film star.,为了一睹这个电影明星的风采，有些粉丝已经在饭店外等了一天。,A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. (Jan. 2003, CET-4, Reading compreh