Book5Unit3SectionⅢGrammar—过去分词作状语讲述.ppt

1、第3步,Unit 3 Life in the future,Section Grammar过去分词作状语,第1步,第2步,1a.Given better attention, the trees could grow better. b. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. cDescribed as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earths gravity.,2a.I s

2、tared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency. I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, and was absorbed by its efficiency. bHit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. Because I was hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. 3a.When offered help, one often says

3、 “Thank you” or “Its kind of you.” bThe research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.,我的发现 (1)作状语用的过去分词(短语)和句子的主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，或称为 关系。 (2)第一组句子中的过去分词(短语)分别在句子中作： a. 状语；b. 状语；c.伴随情况或方式状语。 (3)比较第二组句子可知，作状语用的过去分词(短语)可以转化成相应的 从句。,被动,条件,原因,状语,(4)从第三组句子可知，表示时间、条件、方式、比较或让步的状语，可用“

4、”结构。可用于该结构中的从属连词有：when, once, while, if, unless, as if, as, than, though, although等。,从属连词过去分词,过去分词(短语)可以作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态。在意义上相当于状语从句(而且可以跟状语从句相互转换)，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。,一、过去分词(短语)作状语的几种情况 1作时间状语 过去分词可用作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。有时也可在过去分词前加上连词“when，while，until”等，使其时间意义更明确。 This dictionary will look nice

5、when printed. 印好后，这本词典看上去将很精美。,11.句型转换 Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. 12.一句多译 当被要求发言时，你才能讲话。 Dont speak Dont speak ,When it is seen,until asked to,until you are asked to,当被问到为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。 , the

6、monitor said it was his duty. , the monitor said it was his duty.,Asked why he did it,When (he was) asked why he did it,2作原因状语 过去分词可用作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。 Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. 由于对他所做的事情感到满意，老师在班上表扬了他。,Written in a hurry, this article was not so good. in a hurry, t

7、his article was not so good. 试译：,Because it was written,因为写的匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。,3作条件状语 可用在连词if，unless之后，相当于一个条件状语从句。 Given more time, we could do it much better. If we were given more time, we could do it much better. 多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。,如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子就能长得快。 , these seeds can grow fast. , these seeds can gro

8、w fast. 除非受到邀请，否则我不去作演讲。 I wont make a speach I wont make a speach ,Grown in rich soil,If they are grown in rich soil,unless Im invited,unless invited,4作让步状语 过去分词有时可用在although，though，even if，even though, whether .or等连词之后，相当于一个让步状语从句。 Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and

9、practiced even harder. Though they had been beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder. 虽然被对方打败，队员们没有泄气，而是更加刻苦训练。,Though warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. , the farmers were still working in the fields. Considered as a bui

10、lding material，wood is not very strong. as a building material, wood is not very strong.,Though they had been warned of the storm,Although it is considered,5作方式或伴随状语 过去分词可用作方式或伴随状语，此时相当于一个由and连接的并列结构。 She accepted the gift, deeply moved. She accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved. 她接受了礼物，深深地被感动

11、了。,The hunter walked slowly in the forest, followed by his wolf dog. The hunter walked slowly in the forest, by his wolf dog. 试译：,and he was,followed,猎人在森林里慢慢地走着，后面跟着他的狼狗。,二、过去分词(短语)作状语应注意的几点 1作状语的过去分词其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语， 且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作与主语之间是被动关系。 2值得注意的是，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作 状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样

12、的过去分词及短语常见的有：satisfied, surprised, worried, disappointed, lost, seated, hidden, lost/absorbed in, dressed in, tired of。, (give) another hour, I can also work out this problem. 试译： (lose) in thought, he didnt hear the bell. 试译： (worry) about his sons safety, he didnt sleep well. 试译：,Given,再给我一个小时，我也能

13、解出这道题。,Lost,由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。,Worried,由于担心他儿子的安全，他没有睡好。,三、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别 1过去分词作状语时，通常与其逻辑主语之间存在逻 辑上的动宾关系，即被动关系；现在分词作状语时，通常与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即主动关系。 2. 过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的 主语要一致。否则，须加上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。,71.用所给词的适当形式填空 (use) for a long time, the book looks old. (use) the book, I find it useful. G

14、ood luck (give), I will earn more money. 72.判断正误(T/F) If caught, the police will punish the thief. If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.,Used,Using,given,F,T,1(2011天津高考)_ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. ATranslatingBTranslated CTo transla

15、te DHaving translated 解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。根据句意可知，“translate”和“the sentence”是动宾关系且动作已经完成，故用动词的过去分词形式，选B项。 答案：B,2(2011四川高考)_ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous. AOffer BOffering COffered DTo offer 解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。句子主语Andy与offer之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故选C。 答案：C,3(2010陕西高考)_ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. ASeenBSeeing CHaving seen DTo see 解析：考查非谓语动