专业英语八级阅读策略.ppt

1、,专业英语八级阅读策略,Reading Strategies for TEM-8,阅读理解的测试要求分为以下几项： 1.能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评。(Editorials and Comments) 2.能读懂有一定难度的历史传记和文学作品。 (History biography and Literary works) 3.能理解所读材料的主旨大意(The main idea ) 4. 能在阅读中根据需要自觉调整阅读速度和阅读技巧。(Reading speed and skills) 5.考试时间是30分钟。,存在的问题: 1 部分考生的单词、词组以及语法的基本功还不过关 (Word

2、s Phrase Grammar) 2 没有足够的推理和判断能力； (Reasoning and Judgment) 3 阅读技能掌握不够,运用上下文解决问题能力不强,整体理解力有待提高。 (Always read word by word Ignore the context),目前比较公认的将阅读理解的过程分为四个层次 (1) 字面理解(literal comprehension) ,主要是指读者可以理解文章的单词和句型,回想文章大意、细节、事件发生的时间、地点、顺序和人物之间的关系、对比、人物特性和因果关系等等。 (2)推断性理解(inferential comprehension) ,

3、主要是指读者根据字面意思推断出字里行间的隐含意思,包括作者的意图和观点等。 (3) 评价性理解(evaluative comprehension) ,主要是指读者根据自己的原则和观点对文章进行分析和评价。 (4) 欣赏性理解(appreciative comprehension) ,指读者最终对文章的写作技巧、思想水平等做出评价。,1. specific questions,1、细节题 是根据文章的内容、信息进行提问的。譬如以what, which, when, where, why 等开头的问题。一般而言需要根据题干中的关键词在文章中找到相关语句，然后再结合上下文对这些语句进行进一步的分析。

4、以2007年真题中的TEXT A 为例：本文主要阐释了威尔士在英联邦中的地位的逐渐改善。该篇文章第一题为细节题。 According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant to_. A. maintain the present status among the nations. B. reduce legislative powers of England. C. create a better state of equality among the nations. D. grand more say to all the nations

5、in the union. 根据该词所在的句子：The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom.,这里的意思是，权力下放是为了使英国的各个地区之间能够重建平衡，所以应该选C选项。,2. 主 旨 题3. 推 断 题,2、主旨题 该种题型主要考察文章的大意、作品基调、作者态度和目的等。出题形式通常为：“What does the passage mainly discuss?”, “Which of the following

6、 is the more appropriate tile for the passage?”。 3、推断题 推断题是根据作者暗示的信息和观点或者是某段/某句的言外之意而提出的问题。 According to Dyfan Jones, what has changed is_. A. peoples mentality B. pop culture C. towns appearance D. possibilities for the people 我们可以通过文章最后一段的内容：is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable t

7、en years ago. “We used to think: We cant do anything, were only Welsh. Now I think thats changing. ”,4. 词意题,4、词义题 此种题型用于测试考生对具体词义或指代关系的识别能力。其题干类型经常为：“The word attribute in line means”/ “What does the underlined phrase in line 38 refer to ” The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph means_. A. se

8、paratist B. conventional C. feudal D. political 该词所在的句子是：to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.,从中我们可以看出， “centrifugal” 与“union”相对。所以A为正确选项。,5.评价题,此题型用于测试考生对文章风格、写作手法等的分析能力。题干经常为：“What kind of writing technique does the writer use in the passage to”/ “What

9、are the ways the writer uses to create the gloomy impression in the passage?” 以2007年TEXT B 为例，该篇文章的第三个小题： What is the role of the 4th and 5th paragraphs in the development of the topic? A. To show how Kuwaiti women enjoy themselves. B. To describe how women work and study in Kuwait. C. To offer supp

10、orting evidence to the preceding paragraphs. D.To provide a contrast to the preceding paragraphs. 文章的第二、三段主要谈科威特妇女没有选举权。第四、五段着重论述科威特的妇女与其他海湾国家的妇女相比，已经享有了很大的自由。消极方面和积极方面的对比使我们选择D为正确选项。 再比如2007年真题的第三篇文章的第六个小题。 The relation between the first and second paragraphs is that_. A. each presents one side of the picture. B. the first generalizes, the second gives examples. C. the second is the logic