电子教案Unit8 Honesty Is it going out of style.ppt

1、1. Warm-up Questions,3. Background Information,Polls of public opinion,State Regents examinations,Before Reading_Main,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,2. Listening Comprehension,4. An Opinion Poll,Income taxes,Competency tests,Before Reading_1,Before Reading,Global Readin

2、g,After Reading,Warm-up Questions,What does the video clip describe? Do you think it funny? Why? Have you ever cheated on exams or thought of cheating on exams? What are the reasons? What do you think of cheating on exams? Do you think we can stop cheating? If yes, how? If no, why? Can you imagine w

3、hat would happen if there were no exams?,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_2.1,Listening Comprehension,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Honest Abe,sundry:,各式各样的,dismay：,沮丧,trifle：,琐事,conscientious：,尽责的,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_2.1.1,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,When Ab

4、raham Lincoln was young he worked in a store. As a clerk he proved honest and efficient. One day a woman came into the store and purchased sundry articles. They added up to two dollars and six and a quarter cents, or the young clerk thought they did. The bill was paid, and the woman was entirely sat

5、isfied. But the young store-keeper, not feeling quite sure as to the accuracy of his calculation, added up the items once more. To his dismay he found that the sum total should have been but two dollars. “Ive made her pay six and a quarter cents too much,” said Abe, disturbed. It was a trifle, and m

6、any clerks would have dismissed it as such. But Abe was too conscientious to forget about the overcharge. “The money must be paid back,” he decided. This would have been easy enough had the woman lived just round the corner, but, as the young man knew, she lived between two and three miles away. Thi

7、s, however, did not alter the matter. It was night, but he closed and locked the store, and walked to the residence of his customer. Having arrived there, he explained the matter, paid over the six and a quarter cents, and returned satisfiedly.,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_2.2,Before Reading,Glob

8、al Reading,After Reading,1. What kind of clerk was Abe when he was working in the store? 2. How much did the woman pay for the items she bought? 3. Did Abe add up the items for a second time? Why? 4. What did Abe decide to do after he found the mistake? 5. How far is the womans house from the store?

9、 6. How did Abe feel after he returned the money?,He was honest and efficient.,Two dollars and six and a quarter cents.,Yes. Because he was not sure as to the accuracy of his calculation.,He decided to pay the money back.,Between two and three miles away.,He felt satisfied.,Detailed Reading,Before R

10、eading_3.1.1,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,1)Public opinion poll: a method of learning what people think and how they feel about a wide variety of subjects 2)The first public poll: in 1824, in the US, one of the best-known the Gallup Poll 3)Two sampling methods: random and quota sampli

11、ng,1. Polls of public opinion,Background Information,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_3.1.2,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,A public opinion poll is a method of learning what people think and how they feel about a wide variety of subjects. The first poll of public opinion was conducted in

12、 1824 in the US. In the early 20th century public opinion polls began using statistical sampling techniques. After the Second World War and particularly in the 1960s the popularity of the opinion polls grew. One of the best-known is the Gallup Poll a poll of public opinion on a major political or so

13、cial issue, developed by George H. Gallup, an American statistician. Two methods of sampling are practiced by the polls, random and quota sampling. The former consists in selecting persons to be interviewed at random. Quota sampling involves selecting a sample of people which is representative of th

14、e population in terms of age, occupation, sex, region and so on.,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_3.2.1,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,2. State Regents examinations,1) New York State 2) High school students 3) Examinations made out by regents 4) Not replace final exam 5) Pass score 65,De

15、tailed Reading,Before Reading_3.2.2,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,In the state of New York, the Department of Education requires that high school students take year-end examinations in science, math, and language subjects. A regent is a member of a board appointed to govern educational

16、 institutions. In New York, the regents make out these required examinations. The regents exam does not replace the final examination. It is a secure test, meaning that other than the regents themselves, no one, not even the teachers, is supposed to see the examinations prior to their administration

17、. The exams are mostly multiple choice questions, though students may be required to write a short essay or solve math problems. A score of 65 is required to pass the exam, the top score being 100.,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_3.3,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,The US has had income

18、tax laws since 1913. Income tax is a tax on the wages, salaries, profits, interest and rent received by a taxpayer within a definite period of time. In the US approximately one quarter of a middle class familys earnings goes to the government through the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) in the form of

19、 taxes; in Great Britain about one third of a middle class familys income goes to taxes.,3. Income taxes,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_3.4.1,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,4. Competency tests,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_3.4.2,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Competency

20、tests are used to determine whether or not a person possesses a certain skill to do something, as opposed to a proficiency test which determines how well a person can do something. A competency test is a pass / fail test, the point being not to achieve an exceptional score, but merely to pass it. Us

21、ually a competency test is set in reading and basic math computations, not in all subject areas. Sometimes students must pass competency tests at the end of each academic year to let the school authorities determine whether they are capable of doing work at their grade level. Recently a growing numb

22、er of states in the US are requiring students to pass a competency test before receiving a high school diploma; if one fails the test, one receives a high school certificate which amounts to little more than a statement that one attended school.,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_4.1,An Opinion Poll,Be

23、fore Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,1. In your opinion, tests or exams are_. A) helpful B) not very useful C) trying D) trying but necessary 2. Before a major test you usually feel _. A) at ease B) excited C) worried D) nervous,Directions: Ask students to do the poll about their attitude towar

24、ds test and test taking, then analyze the statistics within big groups and the leader of each group gives a report with a conclusion.,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_4.2,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,3. How often do you review your lessons? I review my lessons _. A) regularly B) when I

25、 feel like reviewing C) seldom D) only when there is a test 4. When you are preparing yourself for a major test, _. A) you work hard with a view to making a thorough study of the subject concerned B) you prefer to take it easy but make sure to get a pass or better than pass grade C) you rely much on

26、 the hints the teacher gives you D) you keep on inquiring about it in every possible way 5. While taking a major test you usually are _. A) calm and careful B) too excited to think carefully C) casual about your answers D) so nervous as to feel at a loss,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_4.3,Before Re

27、ading,Global Reading,After Reading,6. When you have difficulty answering a question, _. A) you keep on trying on your own B) you give it up after having a try C) you wish you could get help from your classmates D) you manage to obtain some help anyhow 7. When your classmates ask for help during a te

28、st, _. A) you always give a flat refusal B) you often pretend not to have noticed it C) you are always ready to help any one of them D) you have no idea how to handle the situation because you have not had such experience 8. You think that cheating on exams is _. A) dishonest B) tolerable C) unavoid

29、able D) objectionable in principle,Detailed Reading,Before Reading_4.4,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,9. The main cause of cheating on exam is, in your opinion, _. A) that exams are unreasonably difficult B) that those who cheat want very much to get better grades C) that they are afrai

30、d to fail D) too mysterious and subtle for you to understand 10. When taking a test, you believe in the saying _. A) “Honesty is the best policy.” B) “Man proposes, God disposes.” C) “Accept it as it is.” D) “The end justifies the means.”,1. Expression of percentage: xx%, xx% out of xx, most of us,

31、few of us, none of us 2. Expression of opinions: we all agree / think / believe/ hold the opinion that,Tips for Presentation:,Detailed Reading,Globe Reading_main,1. Part Division of the Text,2. Discourse Analysis,3. Skimming,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,4. Supplying the Missing Inform

32、ation,Detailed Reading,Globe Reading1,Part Division of the Text,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Detailed Reading,Main Ideas,Lines,Parts,1,1 18,2,19 32,3,33 67,Cheating may be on the rise.,Actions taken and reaction.,Reactions: Why there was less cheating in “the good old days”?,4,68 79,S

33、uggestions: Ways to help students gain confidence.,Globe Reading2.1,Discourse Analysis,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,The text is an argumentative writing in style. The author presents sufficient evidence of valid reasons, examples, strong contrasts, etc. to support his idea that dishon

34、esty is increasing in America, but honesty is still an important part of the national character.,1. How to support a statement?,statistics, examples, analysis, counter-argument, analogy, etc.,2. Find the supporting sentences in each part according to the topic sentences given.,Detailed Reading,Globe

35、 Reading2.2,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,For Part 1:,Recent poll: 61% American high school students ever cheated.,A case in point: New York State charge.,Students buy prewritten term papers.,Detailed Reading,Globe Reading2.3,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,For Part 2:,Camp

36、aign at the University of Maryland.,Detailed Reading,Globe Reading2.4,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,For Part 3:,George Washingtons cherry tree honesty was seen as an important part of the American character.,No fun stories, but ones about morality.,Abe Lincolns penny small social circl

37、e.,More signs today more likely to reveal dishonesty.,Detailed Reading,Globe Reading2.5,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,For Part 4:,Theft and cheating.,Educators finding.,Defiant students.,Detailed Reading,People were better, happier and more honest.,Globe Reading3,Before Reading,Global

38、Reading,After Reading,Skimming,Skim the passage and find the information about “the good old days”.,Characteristics:,The stories of Lincoln and Washington.,Evidence:,Education virtues are emphasized in schools. Life style life is less complicated. (no income taxes) Better communication people know e

39、ach other better. Comparatively low ability in revealing dishonesty. Economic conditions.,Reasons:,Detailed Reading,1. In order to receive their high school diplomas, students in many states . 2. Since many students buy prewritten term papers, several professor have given up . 3. “Ringers” are those

40、 . In order to catch “ringers”, the Department of Psychology at the University of Maryland . 4. Quite a few readers dont know that was invented by the first biographer of Washington.,cherry tree,the story of George Washington and the,the traditional term paper requirement,_,who take tests for other

41、students,launched a,campaign,_,have to,pass competency tests,Globe Reading4.1,Supplying the Missing Information,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Read the text carefully and supply the missing information to complete the following sentences.,Detailed Reading,better at revealing such dishon

42、esty,lied, cheated, or stole came to bad ends,children who,we are getting,When times are good,prevented from doing so,is,5. In the 19th century, from the stories they read students knew that 6. It is reasonable that we see more signs of dishonesty because . 7. Overall, dishonesty has a close relatio

43、nship with times. , incidents of theft and cheating usually go down. 8. If a person feels the trust from the others, he / she is cheat. To our surprise, it turns out that a person may be tempted to cheat if he / she .,Globe Reading4.2,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,_,less likely to,_,De

44、tailed Reading,Ever thought about cheating on a test? Of course not. But some students are not quite so honest .,Article,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Detailed Reading,Article1_S,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,According to a recent poll, 61 percent of American high school

45、students have admitted to cheating on exams at least once. It can be argued such a response may not mean much. After all, most students have been faced with the temptation to peek at a neighbors test paper. And students can be hard on themselves in judging such behavior. However, there are other ind

46、ications that high school cheating may be on the rise.,HONESTY: IS IT GOING OUT OF STYLE? Stacia Robbins,More and more states are requiring students to pass competency tests in order to receive their high school diplomas. And many educators fear that an increase in the use of state exams will lead t

47、o a corresponding rise in cheating. A case in point is students in New York State who faced criminal misdemeanor charges for possessing and selling advance copies of state Regents examinations.,Detailed Reading,Article2_S,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Cheating is now considered to be a

48、 major problem in colleges and universities. Several professors say theyve dropped the traditional term paper requirement because many students buy prewritten term papers, and they cant track down all the cheaters anymore. Colleges and universities across the nation have decided to do more than talk

49、 about the rise in student cheating. For instance, the Department of Psychology at the University of Maryland launched a campaign to stop one form of cheating. As,409 students filed out of their exam, they found all but one exit blocked. Proctors asked each student to produce an ID card with an atta

50、ched photo. Students who said theyd left theirs in the dorm or at home had a mug shot taken. The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”, students who take tests for other students.,Detailed Reading,Article3_S,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,The majority of students at the Univers

51、ity of Maryland applauded the campaign. The campus newspaper editorial said, “Like police arresting speeders, the intent is not to catch everyone but rather to catch enough to spread the word.” We frequently hear about “the good old days”, when Americans were better, happier, and more honest. But we

52、re they more honest? Maybe yes, a long time ago when life was very different from what it is today.,Detailed Reading,Article4_S,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,School children used to know the story of how Abraham Lincoln walked five miles to return a penny hed overcharged a customer. It

53、s the kind of story we think of as myth. But in the case of Lincoln, the story is true . unlike the story of George Washington and the cherry tree. Washingtons first biographer invented the tale of little George saying to his father, “I cannot tell a lie. I did it with my ax.” What is important in b

54、oth stories, however, is that honesty was seen as an important part of the American character.,Detailed Reading,Article5_S,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,And these are just two stories out of many. Students in the last century usually didnt read “fun” stories. They read stories that tau

55、ght moral values. Such stories pointed out quite clearly that children who lied, cheated, or stole came to bad ends. Parents may have further reinforced those values. Its difficult to know. We do know that children didnt hear their parents talk of cheating the government on income taxes there werent

56、 any.,A clue as to why Americans may have been more honest in the past lies in the Abe Lincoln story. Lincoln knew his customer. They both lived in a small town. Would a check-out person at a large supermarket return money to a customer? Its less likely. On the other hand, would overnight guests at

57、an inn run by a husband and wife, steal towels? Its less likely.,Detailed Reading,Article6_S,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Perhaps this tells us that people need to know one another to be at their honest best. The vast majority of Americans still believe that honesty is an important pa

58、rt of the American character. For that reason, there are numerous watch-dog committees at all levels of society. Although signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishone

59、sty?,There is some evidence that dishonesty may ebb and flow. When times are hard, incidents of theft and cheating usually go up. And when times get better such incidents tend to go down.,Detailed Reading,Article7_S,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Cheating in school also tends to ebb and flow. But it