2025年高考备考高中英语个性化分层教辅之虚拟语气

第1页（共1页）2025年高考备考高中英语个性化分层教辅之虚拟语气一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2024•济南二模）IfIwereyou，I______thechancetogoabroad.（）A．willseize B．wouldhaveseize C．seize D．wouldseize2．（2022秋•杨浦区校级期末）______arunninglogofyourtimespentvolunteering，youwouldhavereceivedacertificateshowingthegoodyou'vedone.（）A．Ifyouhadn'tkept B．Hadyoukept C．Ifyoukept D．Notdidyoukeep3．（2023秋•徐汇区校级期末）Ifyou________thehighlightsof2008SummerOlympics，youwouldmostlikelyfindthattheywereallmarkedbysportsmanship.（）A．weretoexamine B．hadexamined C．wouldexamine D．havetoexamine4．（2023•广州模拟）________youradvice，Iwouldhavefailedintheinterview.（）A．Hadn'titbeenfor B．Haditnotbeenfor C．Haditbeenfor D．Hadnotitbeenfor5．（2024•双城区校级开学）Withoutelectricity，humanlife___quitedifferenttoday.（）A．is B．willbe C．couldhavebeen D．wouldbe6．（2022秋•杨浦区校级期末）Itismysuggestionthatthevisit________again.（）A．willbearranged B．tobearranged C．shouldarrange D．bearranged7．（2023春•玄武区校级月考）Thepartylastnightwassoembarrassing.IwishI___________.（）A．wasnotinvited B．wouldnotbeinvited C．hadnotbeeninvited D．shouldnothavebeeninvited8．（2024•青冈县校级开学）MyteacherrecommendedthatI________someextra﹣curricularactivitiestoenrichmyschoollife.（）A．havetotake B．shouldbetake C．take D．shouldtook9．（2022秋•河西区校级期末）Mary'sdescriptionofthepartywassovividthatIfeltasifI__________there．（）A．wouldbe B．mighthavebeen C．wouldhavebeen D．hadbeen10．Shetakessomebreadwithherincaseshe______hungryonthetrain.（）A．wouldhavefelt B．felt C．shouldfeel D．wouldfeel二．完形填空（共1小题）11．（2024春•福州期末）Lastyear，JohnandIdiscoveredthatourplumbing（水管）hadfailed，floodingourhome.Wehadtoliveinahotelaswewaitedforthe（1）tobedealtwith.Livinginasmallhotelroomwiththreelittlekidswasanextremely（2）period，butwhenagroupofteenagersfromFFAgroupmovedin，thingswentfrombadtoworse.Theteenskepttalking（3）inthehallwaysuntillate，andthenoise（4）mykids.Iwas（5）anddecidedtotalktothemtoseeiftheycouldshow（6）ratherthanbecomeangry.ThenextdayIknockedontheclosestdoorandspoketotheyoungmanwho（7）."Iknowyou'reherefortheFFAconferenceandwewantyoutohave（8），butyouwerealittleloudlastnightandIhopeyoucouldbequietertonight，"I（9）.Theyoungmansaidhewasverysorry.Beforegoingtobed，I（10）anoteunderourdoor.Iopenedthenotetofind（11）.Theteens（12）＄40inthenote.Thenextmorning，myfamily（13）theteenagersandlearnedthatattheFFAconference，thestudentshadlistenedtoaspeechabout（14）andpayingitforward.Thatverynight，thestudentsfoundthat（15）tobekind.Thereisalwaysanactofkindnesstobedone，justaslongasyou'relookingforone.（1）A．messB．fearC．stressD．pollution（2）A．boringB．challengingC．interestingD．confusing（3）A．independentlyB．beautifullyC．loudlyD．illegally（4）A．wokeupB．cheeredupC．builtupD．warmedup（5）A．shockedB．upsetC．disappointedD．calm（6）A．doubtB．tensionC．courageD．understanding（7）A．laughedB．answeredC．rejectedD．performed（8）A．funB．confidenceC．beliefD．attention（9）A．announcedB．whisperedC．explainedD．argued（10）A．leftB．lightedC．toreD．noticed（11）A．paperB．hairC．moneyD．cloth（12）A．includedB．wantedC．stoleD．took（13）A．approachedB．curedC．warnedD．thanked（14）A．strategyB．kindnessC．honestyD．religion（15）A．attitudeB．abilityC．opportunityD．strength三．阅读理解（共1小题）12．（2024春•马鞍山期末）Anewstudyonbabybirdsshowsthattrafficnoisecanaffecttheirgrowthandleadtolifelongharm.Thefindingraisesnewconcernsabouttheeffectofnoisepollutiononwildlife—andhumansaswell.Researchersalreadyknewtoomuchnoiseislikelytodisturbbirds，makingitmoredifficultfortheparentstocommunicatewithandcarefortheirbabybirds.Butitwasn'tclearwhetherthenoiseitselfcoulddirectlyharmyoungbirds.MyleneMariette，abehavioralecologistatDeakinUniversity，andherteamsetouttoanswerthatquestionwithbirdsheldoncampusinMelbourne，Australia.For5nightsinarow，theyplayedeggseitherroadnoiseorbirdsongsforseveralhours.Thesoundswerekeptatavolumeof65decibels（分贝）—aboutthesameloudnessasaconversationinabarorcitytraffic.Othereggswereleftinsilence.Aftertheeggshatched，thebabybirdsreceivedoneoftwotreatments—roadnoiseorbirdsongs—foranother9nights.Thebabybirdsheardthesoundsinaseparateroom，andthenwerereturnedtotheirnests.Eggsexposedtotrafficsoundswere19%lesslikelytohatchcomparedwiththoseexposedtothesoundofsongs.Itshowsacleareffectoftrafficnoise，Mariettesays.Asthebabybirdsdeveloped，theyalsoshowedworryingdevelopmentsigns.Thoseexposedtonoisegrewslower.Moreover，whenthosebirdsgrewup，theyhadabouthalfasmanyoffspring（后代）asthebirdsexposedtosongsasyoungsters.HansSlabbekoorn，anecologistandanimalbehaviorexpertatLeidenUniversity，notesthattheseconcernsapplytohumansaswell."Thefindingssuggestthattheacoustic（听觉的）environmentofbirdsincitiesandalonghighwaysshouldbebettermanaged，"hewrites，"andthattheacousticcomfortinhospitalenvironmentsforpregnantmothersandbabiesrequiresspecialattention."Eventually，theresearchmighthelprevealhowmuchandinwhatwaysnoisepollutionshouldbereduced.（1）Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyfocusonaboutthestudy？A.Itsprocess.B.Itsresult.C.Itsdifficulty.D.Itspurpose.（2）Howarethefindingsexplainedinparagraph4？A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byanalyzingreasons.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bymakingpredictions.（3）Whatdothefindingsindicate？A.Movethebirdsfromcitiestoprotectedareas.B.Makelawstoclosehighwaysandothernoisyplaces.C.Educatepeopleonthebadeffectsofnoisepollution.D.Payspecialattentiontothehospitalenvironmentforbabies.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？A.TrafficnoisehelpsbirdscommunicateB.ScientistshavefoundwaystoreducenoiseC.HospitalenvironmentsaregreatlyaffectedD.Trafficnoisecauseslifelongharmtobabybirds四．信息匹配（共1小题）13．（2024春•张家界期末）HowtopackthematerialsforcampingEveryoneneedsabreakfromeverydaylife.Campingcanbeagreatwaytogetoutdoorsandsurroundyourselfwithnature.（1）Bringatent.（2）Itshouldalsobelightandeasyfortransport.Ifit'ssupposedtorainatallwhileyou'recamping，makesureyourtenthasaraincoversoyoudon'tgetwetwhileyou'resleeping.Somecampsitesoroutdoorstoresmayoffertentrentalsifyoudon'thaveatentyoucanuse.Chooseasleepingbag.Sleepingbagshavedifferentratingstodeterminethetemperatureatwhichtheycankeepyouwarmandcomfortable.Checktheweatheratthecampgroundsanddeterminewhatthelowesttemperaturesaresoyouknowwhichsleepingbagtobringalong.（3）Butifyou'recampingincoolermonths，youmayneedsomethingthicker.（4）Manytimes，acampfireisyouronlyheatsourcewhileyou'recamping，sosomefoodsmaynotcookaseasilyasothers.Lookforfoodsthatyoucancook，suchashotdogs，vegetablesandmeats，sincethey'retheeasiesttoholdoveranopenfire.Packabasicsurvivalkit.（5）Itincludesitemslikepocketknives，flashlights，firstaidsuppliesandmultipurposetools，soyoucanstaysafewhileyou'recamping.Youcaneitherbuyaprepackagedcampingsurvivalkitoryoucanmakeyourownandcarryitinatoolbox.A.Preparefoodthat'seasytocook.B.Useacoolertokeepfoodcold.C.Itshouldbelargeenoughforyouandyourthings.D.Lookatanoutdoorstorefordifferenttypesoftents.E.Ifyou'recampinginsummer，youcanuseathinsleepingbag.F.Makesureyouhaveasurvivalkitincasethere'sanemergency.G.Whenyoustartplanningyourtrip，makesuretopackthematerialsyouneed.五．语法填空（共1小题）14．（2024春•武威期末）TheMid﹣AutumnFestival，alsoknownastheMoonFestival，isoneofthemostimportant（1）（festival）celebratedinChinaandotherEastAsiancountries.Itfalls（2）the15thdayofthe8thlunarmonthonthetraditionalChinesecalendar.Onthatnight，themoonis（3）（bright）andfullerthananyothernight.Enjoyingthebeautyofthefullmoononthisday（4）（be）alongstandingtraditionalChinesecustomforcenturies.TheMid﹣AutumnFestivalisabigdayforChinesepeople，（5）willgobackhomeandhavedinnerwiththeirfamilies.Theroundnessofthefullmoonexpressespeople'sdesireforawholesomehappyfamily.Afterthedinner，friendsandfamilyusuallygettogether（6）（enjoy）themoonlightandmoon﹣cakes.Eatingmoon﹣cakesis（7）importantcustomduringtheMid﹣AutumnFestival.Duetothedifferentdiethabitsindifferentregions，moon﹣cakesvaryintaste.（8）（general），traditionaltastesincludefillingsoffivekernel，eggyolk，jujubepasteandbeanpaste.Nowtherearenewtasteslikeicecreamanddurian.（9）thetasteofmoon﹣cakesischanging，thesymbolicmeaningofthefullmoonremainsunchangedandtheChinesecustomofeatingmoon﹣cakeand（10）（long）forreunionduringtheMid﹣AutumnFestivalwillneverfadeaway.六．翻译题（共10小题）15．（2024•松江区模拟）她原以为没多少人会来体育馆看比赛，结果看台上座无虚席。（it）16．（2024•琼山区校级开学）Wecouldhavedonebetterundermorefavourableconditions.仿写：如果有他的帮助，我们可以做得更好。17．（2023秋•白云区校级期中）我建议你和你朋友谈谈他的行为。（汉译英）18．（2023•定陶区校级开学）要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到友谊的重要性。19．（2022春•龙海市校级期末）如果我处在你的位置上，我会做完全不同的决定。（inyourposition）（汉译英）20．（2022秋•沙坪坝区校级期中）这位母亲请求其他乘客保持安静，因为她的宝宝正在睡觉。（虚拟语气）（汉译英）21．建议每个人都应该试着用这样或那样的方式笑。（虚拟语气）22．我真希望在校读书时多学几门外语。（IwishI...）23．这份最新的报告呼吁向所有的儿童教授游泳。（urge）24．（2023春•漳州期末）Itishightimetomakepeopleawareoftheimportanceofwildlifeprotection.（英译汉）七．书面表达（共1小题）25．（2024春•齐齐哈尔期末）假如你是李华，就环境保护话题给ChinaDaily写信，内容如下：（1）阐述使用一次性筷子对环境的危害；（2）提出你对该问题的建议。注意：（1）写作词数80左右；（2）参考词汇：throwawaychopsticks一次性筷子。DearEditor，I'mmorethandelightedtoexpressmyviewaboutenvironmentalprotection.______Yourssincerely，LiHua

2025年高考备考高中英语个性化分层教辅之虚拟语气参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2024•济南二模）IfIwereyou，I______thechancetogoabroad.（）A．willseize B．wouldhaveseize C．seize D．wouldseize【分析】如果我是你，我就抓住这个出国的机会。【解答】分析可知，主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词用"would+动词原形"结构。D项正确。故选：D。【点评】考查虚拟语气，要弄清楚各种虚拟语气的结构及特殊形式虚拟语气的构成，然后根据上下文及结合语境给出正确答案。2．（2022秋•杨浦区校级期末）______arunninglogofyourtimespentvolunteering，youwouldhavereceivedacertificateshowingthegoodyou'vedone.（）A．Ifyouhadn'tkept B．Hadyoukept C．Ifyoukept D．Notdidyoukeep【分析】如果你把你做志愿者的时间记录下来，你就会收到一张证明你所做的好事的证书。【解答】根据句意和下文的wouldhavereceived可知，句子使用了与过去相反的虚拟语气，从句应该使用过去完成时，如果省略if，则使用部分倒装，助动词had提到主语前。故选：B。【点评】if虚拟语气的三种时态：1．提出将来会发生的事：主句：主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形；从句：should+动词原形/wereto+动词原形/过去时；2．提出现在的条件：主句：主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形；从句：动词过去式；3．提出过去的未发生的条件：主句：主语+would/should/might/couldhavedone，从句：haddone。虚拟语气if省略时，句中的动词were、had或should和主语倒装。3．（2023秋•徐汇区校级期末）Ifyou________thehighlightsof2008SummerOlympics，youwouldmostlikelyfindthattheywereallmarkedbysportsmanship.（）A．weretoexamine B．hadexamined C．wouldexamine D．havetoexamine【分析】如果你审查到2008年夏季奥运会的亮点，你很可能会发现它们都以体育精神为标志。【解答】分析句子可知，本句从句是if引导的与将来有关的虚拟，从句可以用：should+动词原形/wereto+动词原形/过去时，只有A项符合。故选：A。【点评】if虚拟语气的三种时态：1．提出将来会发生的事：主句：主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形；从句：should+动词原形/wereto+动词原形/过去时；2．提出现在的条件：主句：主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形；从句：动词过去式；3．提出过去的未发生的条件：主句：主语+would/should/might/could，从句：haddone。4．（2023•广州模拟）________youradvice，Iwouldhavefailedintheinterview.（）A．Hadn'titbeenfor B．Haditnotbeenfor C．Haditbeenfor D．Hadnotitbeenfor【分析】如果不是你的建议，我面试就失败了。【解答】分析可知，此处为if引导的虚拟条件状语从句的省略，if引导的虚拟条件状语从句中如果有were，should，had，通常将if省略，were，should，had提前，进行倒装，had置于句首倒装时，当从句为否定意义时，不能用缩略式，且not需后置。故选：B。【点评】掌握if引导的虚拟条件状语从句的省略规则是解答此题的关键。5．（2024•双城区校级开学）Withoutelectricity，humanlife___quitedifferenttoday.（）A．is B．willbe C．couldhavebeen D．wouldbe【分析】如果没有电，今天人类的生活将大不相同。【解答】Withoutelectricity是虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句，根据时间状语today可知，与"现在"事实相反，主句谓语应用"情态动词（should/would/could/might）+动词原形"。此处表示普通的"将要"，并无"建议、命令、能力、可能性很小"之意，所以情态动词选用would。故选：D。【点评】非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without…，butfor…（要不是因为…）等。含蓄条件句是一种较为复杂的语法现象，它并不像一般条件句那样通过明显的if从句和主句来表达条件关系，而是通过其他语法手段来暗示或隐含条件。6．（2022秋•杨浦区校级期末）Itismysuggestionthatthevisit________again.（）A．willbearranged B．tobearranged C．shouldarrange D．bearranged【分析】我建议重新安排这次访问。【解答】分析句子结构可知，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。suggestion表示"建议"，其后的名词性从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。从句中，thevisit是动作的承受者，故从句应该用被动语态形式，即（should）bearranged。故选：D。【点评】分析句子结构，结合句意和相关语法选出正确的答案。7．（2023春•玄武区校级月考）Thepartylastnightwassoembarrassing.IwishI___________.（）A．wasnotinvited B．wouldnotbeinvited C．hadnotbeeninvited D．shouldnothavebeeninvited【分析】昨晚的聚会太尴尬了。我希望我没有被邀请。【解答】分析句子及根据句意可知，该题考查虚拟语气。wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，因此谓语动词要使用过去完成时，且主语I与invite之间为被动关系，故使用过去完成时的被动语态。故选：C。【点评】了解句意，准确判断时间点，熟练掌握谓语动词的时态语态的用法，结合分析句子结构，考虑wish后的宾语从句虚拟语气的使用，准确作出选择。8．（2024•青冈县校级开学）MyteacherrecommendedthatI________someextra﹣curricularactivitiestoenrichmyschoollife.（）A．havetotake B．shouldbetake C．take D．shouldtook【分析】老师建议我参加一些课外活动来丰富我的学校生活。【解答】这里的recommended是"建议"的意思，英语中表达建议和命令等词的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气即should加动词原形，其中should可以省略，C项正确。故选：C。【点评】考查虚拟语气，要弄清楚各种虚拟语气的结构及特殊形式虚拟语气的构成，然后根据上下文及结合语境给出正确答案。9．（2022秋•河西区校级期末）Mary'sdescriptionofthepartywassovividthatIfeltasifI__________there．（）A．wouldbe B．mighthavebeen C．wouldhavebeen D．hadbeen【分析】玛丽对聚会的描述如此生动，我觉得自己好像去过那里．【解答】答案：D考查虚拟语气．题干中asif引导表语从句．当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，asif从句中通常用虚拟语气，表示与过去或与谈话时间为止发生的事实相反时，谓语动词用"had+过去分词"．根据语境分析，说话者并没有去参加聚会，所以从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气．D项正确．故选：D．【点评】本题考查虚拟语气．熟记虚拟语气在不同从句中的不同用法，结合语境作出正确选择．10．Shetakessomebreadwithherincaseshe______hungryonthetrain.（）A．wouldhavefelt B．felt C．shouldfeel D．wouldfeel【分析】她带了一些面包，以防在火车上饿了。【解答】分析句子，incase引导状语从句。结合句意，她带了一些面包，以防在火车上饿了。主句谓语为一般现在时，从句应用虚拟语气，should+do。C符合语意。故选：C。【点评】掌握incase引导的状语从句应用虚拟语气的知识点，结合题干和选项进行作答。二．完形填空（共1小题）11．（2024春•福州期末）Lastyear，JohnandIdiscoveredthatourplumbing（水管）hadfailed，floodingourhome.Wehadtoliveinahotelaswewaitedforthe（1）Atobedealtwith.Livinginasmallhotelroomwiththreelittlekidswasanextremely（2）Bperiod，butwhenagroupofteenagersfromFFAgroupmovedin，thingswentfrombadtoworse.Theteenskepttalking（3）Cinthehallwaysuntillate，andthenoise（4）Amykids.Iwas（5）Banddecidedtotalktothemtoseeiftheycouldshow（6）Dratherthanbecomeangry.ThenextdayIknockedontheclosestdoorandspoketotheyoungmanwho（7）B."Iknowyou'reherefortheFFAconferenceandwewantyoutohave（8）A，butyouwerealittleloudlastnightandIhopeyoucouldbequietertonight，"I（9）C.Theyoungmansaidhewasverysorry.Beforegoingtobed，I（10）Danoteunderourdoor.Iopenedthenotetofind（11）C.Theteens（12）A＄40inthenote.Thenextmorning，myfamily（13）DtheteenagersandlearnedthatattheFFAconference，thestudentshadlistenedtoaspeechabout（14）Bandpayingitforward.Thatverynight，thestudentsfoundthat（15）Ctobekind.Thereisalwaysanactofkindnesstobedone，justaslongasyou'relookingforone.（1）A．messB．fearC．stressD．pollution（2）A．boringB．challengingC．interestingD．confusing（3）A．independentlyB．beautifullyC．loudlyD．illegally（4）A．wokeupB．cheeredupC．builtupD．warmedup（5）A．shockedB．upsetC．disappointedD．calm（6）A．doubtB．tensionC．courageD．understanding（7）A．laughedB．answeredC．rejectedD．performed（8）A．funB．confidenceC．beliefD．attention（9）A．announcedB．whisperedC．explainedD．argued（10）A．leftB．lightedC．toreD．noticed（11）A．paperB．hairC．moneyD．cloth（12）A．includedB．wantedC．stoleD．took（13）A．approachedB．curedC．warnedD．thanked（14）A．strategyB．kindnessC．honestyD．religion（15）A．attitudeB．abilityC．opportunityD．strength【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者家里水管爆裂导致家中被淹，不得不暂住在酒店等待修复。住在一个小酒店房间里并照顾三个小孩极具挑战，但当一群来自FFA组织的青少年搬入后，情况变得更加糟糕。他们晚上在走廊大声喧哗，吵醒了作者的孩子。在经过和他们沟通之后，他们道歉了，并在作者门下留下了一张纸条和40美元作为歉意。作者认为这些青少年抓住了表达善意的机会，告诉我们只要你去寻找，总会发现善行。【解答】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.mess混乱；B.fear害怕；C.stress压力；D.pollution污染。句意：我们不得不住在旅馆里，等待着混乱的局面得到处理。根据下文"floodingourhome"可知，家里被水淹了，因此这是一个需要处理的混乱局面。故选A。（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.boring无聊的；B.challenging充满挑战的；C.interesting有趣的；D.confusing令人困惑的。句意：带着三个孩子住在一个小酒店房间里是一段极具挑战性的时期，但当一群来自FFA集团的青少年搬进来时，情况变得更糟了。下文提到"thingswentfrombadtoworse"，说明情况变得更加糟糕，因此可以推断出与三个小孩住在小旅馆房间里是一个充满挑战的时期。故选B。（3）考查副词及语境理解。A.independently独立地；B.beautifully美丽地；C.loudly大声地；D.illegally非法地。句意：十几岁的孩子们一直在走廊里大声说话，一直吵到很晚，吵醒了我的孩子们。根据下文"butyouwerealittleloudlastnight"可知，孩子们一直在走廊里大声说话。故选C。（4）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.wokeup唤醒；B.cheeredup振作起来，高兴起来；C.builtup建立；D.warmedup热身。句意：十几岁的孩子们一直在走廊里大声说话，一直吵到很晚，吵醒了我的孩子们。根据下文"mykids"可知，噪音吵醒了作者的孩子。故选A。（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.shocked感到震惊的；B.upset沮丧，难过；C.disappointed感到失望的；D.calm镇静的。句意：我很难过，决定和他们谈谈，看看他们是否能表示理解，而不是生气。根据下文"decidedtotalktothem"可知，作者决定去和他们谈谈，这暗示作者之前可能感到不安或烦恼。故选B。（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.doubt怀疑；B.tension紧张局势；C.courage勇气；D.understanding理解。句意：我很难过，决定和他们谈谈，看看他们是否能表示理解，而不是生气。根据空后"ratherthanbecomeangry"可知，作者决定去和他们谈谈，是希望他们能够展示出理解，而不是生气。故选D。（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.laughed笑；B.answered回答；C.rejected拒绝；D.performed表演，表现。句意：第二天，我敲了最近的一扇门，跟开门的年轻人说话。根据空前"ThenextdayIknockedontheclosestdoor"可知，作者敲了离他最近的门，与开门的人交谈。根据语境，开门的人应该是回应了作者的敲门声。故选B。（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.fun乐趣；B.confidence自信；C.belief信念；D.attention注意力。句意："我知道你们是来参加FFA会议的，我们希望你们玩得开心，但你昨晚有点吵，我希望你们今晚能安静一点，"我解释说。根据空前"Iknowyou'reherefortheFFAconferenceandwewantyoutohave..."，可知，作者知道对方是来参加FFA会议的，并且希望他们玩得开心。havefun为固定搭配，意为"玩得开心"。故选A。（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.announced宣布；B.whispered低语，小声说；C.explained解释；D.argued争论。句意："我知道你们是来参加FFA会议的，我们希望你们玩得开心，但你昨晚有点吵，我希望你们今晚能安静一点，"我解释说。根据上句"butyouwerealittleloudlastnightandIhopeyoucouldbequietertonight"可知，作者是在向年轻人解释（explained）昨晚他们太吵了，希望他们今晚能安静点。故选C。（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.left离开；B.lighted点燃；C.tore撕碎；D.noticed注意。句意：睡觉前，我注意到门缝下有一张纸条。根据空后"anoteunderourdoor"可知，作者注意到了门缝下的纸条。故选D。（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.paper纸；B.hair头发；C.money钱；D.cloth布料。句意：我打开纸条，发现里面有钱。根据下文"Theteens（12）＄40inthenote."可知，作者发现纸条里面有钱。故选C。（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.included包括；B.wanted想要；C.stole偷；D.took拿走。句意：这些青少年在便条中附上了40美元。根据空后"＄40inthenote"可知，青少年在便条中包含了40美元，表示他们将这40美元作为对作者的歉意或补偿。故选A。（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.approached接近；B.cured治愈；C.warned警告；D.thanked感谢。句意：第二天早上，我的家人感谢了这些青少年，并得知在FFA会议上，学生们听了一篇关于善良和传递的演讲。根据上句"Theteens（12）＄40inthenote."可知，收到来自青少年们的善意，作者和家人表示感谢。故选D。（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.strategy策略；B.kindness善良；C.honesty诚实；D.religion宗教。句意：第二天早上，我的家人感谢了这些青少年，并得知在FFA会议上，学生们听了一篇关于善良和传递的演讲。根据下文"Thereisalwaysanactofkindnesstobedone，"可知，此处是信息词kindness的词汇复现。故选B。（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.attitude态度；B.ability能力；C.opportunity机会；D.strength力量。句意：就在那天晚上，学生们找到了做善事的机会。根据下文"tobekind"可知，学生们发现有机会表现出善良。故选C。【点评】完形填空题的解题步骤：1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。三．阅读理解（共1小题）12．（2024春•马鞍山期末）Anewstudyonbabybirdsshowsthattrafficnoisecanaffecttheirgrowthandleadtolifelongharm.Thefindingraisesnewconcernsabouttheeffectofnoisepollutiononwildlife—andhumansaswell.Researchersalreadyknewtoomuchnoiseislikelytodisturbbirds，makingitmoredifficultfortheparentstocommunicatewithandcarefortheirbabybirds.Butitwasn'tclearwhetherthenoiseitselfcoulddirectlyharmyoungbirds.MyleneMariette，abehavioralecologistatDeakinUniversity，andherteamsetouttoanswerthatquestionwithbirdsheldoncampusinMelbourne，Australia.For5nightsinarow，theyplayedeggseitherroadnoiseorbirdsongsforseveralhours.Thesoundswerekeptatavolumeof65decibels（分贝）—aboutthesameloudnessasaconversationinabarorcitytraffic.Othereggswereleftinsilence.Aftertheeggshatched，thebabybirdsreceivedoneoftwotreatments—roadnoiseorbirdsongs—foranother9nights.Thebabybirdsheardthesoundsinaseparateroom，andthenwerereturnedtotheirnests.Eggsexposedtotrafficsoundswere19%lesslikelytohatchcomparedwiththoseexposedtothesoundofsongs.Itshowsacleareffectoftrafficnoise，Mariettesays.Asthebabybirdsdeveloped，theyalsoshowedworryingdevelopmentsigns.Thoseexposedtonoisegrewslower.Moreover，whenthosebirdsgrewup，theyhadabouthalfasmanyoffspring（后代）asthebirdsexposedtosongsasyoungsters.HansSlabbekoorn，anecologistandanimalbehaviorexpertatLeidenUniversity，notesthattheseconcernsapplytohumansaswell."Thefindingssuggestthattheacoustic（听觉的）environmentofbirdsincitiesandalonghighwaysshouldbebettermanaged，"hewrites，"andthattheacousticcomfortinhospitalenvironmentsforpregnantmothersandbabiesrequiresspecialattention."Eventually，theresearchmighthelprevealhowmuchandinwhatwaysnoisepollutionshouldbereduced.（1）Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyfocusonaboutthestudy？AA.Itsprocess.B.Itsresult.C.Itsdifficulty.D.Itspurpose.（2）Howarethefindingsexplainedinparagraph4？CA.Bygivingexamples.B.Byanalyzingreasons.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bymakingpredictions.（3）Whatdothefindingsindicate？DA.Movethebirdsfromcitiestoprotectedareas.B.Makelawstoclosehighwaysandothernoisyplaces.C.Educatepeopleonthebadeffectsofnoisepollution.D.Payspecialattentiontothehospitalenvironmentforbabies.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？DA.TrafficnoisehelpsbirdscommunicateB.ScientistshavefoundwaystoreducenoiseC.HospitalenvironmentsaregreatlyaffectedD.Trafficnoisecauseslifelongharmtobabybirds【分析】这是一篇科普说明文，主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，交通噪音会影响小鸟的成长并导致终身伤害，这也引发了对噪音污染对野生动物和人类影响的新的担忧。【解答】（1）段落大意题。根据第三段MyleneMariette，abehavioralecologistatDeakinUniversity，andherteamsetouttoanswerthatquestionwithbirdsheldoncampusinMelbourne，Australia.For5nightsinarow，theyplayedeggseitherroadnoiseorbirdsongsforseveralhours.Thesoundswerekeptatavolumeof65decibels（分贝）—aboutthesameloudnessasaconversationinabarorcitytraffic.Othereggswereleftinsilence.Aftertheeggshatched，thebabybirdsreceivedoneoftwotreatments—roadnoiseorbirdsongs—foranother9nights.Thebabybirdsheardthesoundsinaseparateroom，andthenwerereturnedtotheirnests.（迪肯大学的行为生态学家MyleneMariette和她的团队开始用澳大利亚墨尔本校园里饲养的鸟类来回答这个问题。连续5个晚上，他们连续几个小时播放道路噪音或鸟鸣。这些声音的音量被控制在65分贝——大约与酒吧里的谈话或城市交通中的声音相同。其他的蛋被静静地留在那里。蛋孵化后，雏鸟在接下来的9个晚上接受两种处理方式中的一种——道路噪音或鸟鸣。幼鸟在一个单独的房间里听到了这些声音，然后被送回了它们的巢。）可知，第三段主要关于研究的过程。故选A。（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Eggsexposedtotrafficsoundswere19%lesslikelytohatchcomparedwiththoseexposedtothesoundofsongs.Itshowsacleareffectoftrafficnoise，Mariettesays.Asthebabybirdsdeveloped，theyalsoshowedworryingdevelopmentsigns.Thoseexposedtonoisegrewslower.Moreover，whenthosebirdsgrewup，theyhadabouthalfasmanyoffspring（后代）asthebirdsexposedtosongsasyoungsters.（与那些暴露在歌声中的蛋相比，暴露在交通声音中的蛋孵化的可能性要低19%。Mariette说，这显示了交通噪音的明显影响。随着幼鸟的发育，它们也表现出令人担忧的发育迹象。那些暴露在噪音中的鸟生长得更慢。此外，当这些鸟长大后，它们的后代数量大约是幼年时听过歌声的鸟的一半。）可知，第4段通过对比解释调查结果。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Thefindingssuggestthattheacoustic（听觉的）environmentofbirdsincitiesandalonghighwaysshouldbebettermanaged，"hewrites，"andthattheacousticcomfortinhospitalenvironmentsforpregnantmothersandbabiesrequiresspecialattention.（研究结果表明，城市和高速公路沿线鸟类的声环境应该得到更好的管理，"他写道，"医院环境中孕妇和婴儿的声舒适需要特别注意。"）可知，要特别注意婴儿的医院环境。故选D。（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Anewstudyonbabybirdsshowsthattrafficnoisecanaffecttheirgrowthandleadtolifelongharm.（一项关于幼鸟的新研究表明，交通噪音会影响它们的生长，并导致终身伤害。）可知，主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，交通噪音会影响小鸟的成长并导致终身伤害，这也引发了对噪音污染对野生动物和人类影响的新的担忧。所以短文的标题为"交通噪音对幼鸟造成终身伤害"。故选D。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。四．信息匹配（共1小题）13．（2024春•张家界期末）HowtopackthematerialsforcampingEveryoneneedsabreakfromeverydaylife.Campingcanbeagreatwaytogetoutdoorsandsurroundyourselfwithnature.（1）GBringatent.（2）CItshouldalsobelightandeasyfortransport.Ifit'ssupposedtorainatallwhileyou'recamping，makesureyourtenthasaraincoversoyoudon'tgetwetwhileyou'resleeping.Somecampsitesoroutdoorstoresmayoffertentrentalsifyoudon'thaveatentyoucanuse.Chooseasleepingbag.Sleepingbagshavedifferentratingstodeterminethetemperatureatwhichtheycankeepyouwarmandcomfortable.Checktheweatheratthecampgroundsanddeterminewhatthelowesttemperaturesaresoyouknowwhichsleepingbagtobringalong.（3）EButifyou'recampingincoolermonths，youmayneedsomethingthicker.（4）AManytimes，acampfireisyouronlyheatsourcewhileyou'recamping，sosomefoodsmaynotcookaseasilyasothers.Lookforfoodsthatyoucancook，suchashotdogs，vegetablesandmeats，sincethey'retheeasiesttoholdoveranopenfire.Packabasicsurvivalkit.（5）FItincludesitemslikepocketknives，flashlights，firstaidsuppliesandmultipurposetools，soyoucanstaysafewhileyou'recamping.Youcaneitherbuyaprepackagedcampingsurvivalkitoryoucanmakeyourownandcarryitinatoolbox.A.Preparefoodthat'seasytocook.B.Useacoolertokeepfoodcold.C.Itshouldbelargeenoughforyouandyourthings.D.Lookatanoutdoorstorefordifferenttypesoftents.E.Ifyou'recampinginsummer，youcanuseathinsleepingbag.F.Makesureyouhaveasurvivalkitincasethere'sanemergency.G.Whenyoustartplanningyourtrip，makesuretopackthematerialsyouneed.【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了露营所需携带物品的打包方法，包括帐篷、睡袋、食物选择和基础生存工具等。【解答】（1）联系上文题。根据前文Everyoneneedsabreakfromeverydaylife.Campingcanbeagreatwaytogetoutdoorsandsurroundyourselfwithnature.（每个人都需要从日常生活中休息一下。露营是一种很好的户外活动方式，让你置身于大自然之中。）可知，此处提到每个人都需要从日常生活中休息一下，露营是一种很好的户外活动方式，所以第一空应该是对打包露营材料的总述。G选项"当你开始计划你的旅行时，一定要打包你需要的材料。"符合语境，故选G。（2）联系上文题。根据空前Bringatent.（带一个帐篷），可知本段的段旨为带帐篷，后文应该对帐篷进行描述。C选项"它应该足够大，可以放得下你和你的东西。"符合语境。故选C。（3）语境衔接题。根据前文Chooseasleepingbag.（选择一个睡袋。）可知，此处建议选择一个睡袋。同时根据后文Butifyou'recampingincoolermonths，youmayneedsomethingthicker.（但如果你在凉爽的月份露营，你可能需要更厚的东西。）可知，后面提到如果你在较冷的月份露营，你可能需要更厚的睡袋。E选项"如果你在夏天露营，你可以用一个薄睡袋。"符合语境。故选E。（4）主旨判断题。根据后文Manytimes，acampfireisyouronlyheatsourcewhileyou'recamping，sosomefoodsmaynotcookaseasilyasothers.（很多时候，营火是你露营时唯一的热源，所以有些食物可能不像其他食物那么容易煮熟。）可知，露营时火堆