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Unit2NoRules,NoOrderUnit2重点词汇1.rule[ruːl]n.规则;规章2.order['ɔːdə]n.秩序;命令v.点菜;命令3.follow['fɒləʊ]v.遵循;跟随4.arrive[ə'raɪv]v.到达5.hallway['hɔːlweɪ]n.走廊;过道6.uniform['juːnɪfɔːm]n.校服;制服7.litter['litə(r)]v.乱扔n.垃圾8.polite[pəˈlaɪt]adj.有礼貌的9.treat[tri:t]v.对待;招待;治疗n.款待10.respect[ri'spekt]n.&v.尊敬11.if/if/conj.如果12.jacket[ˈdʒækɪt]n.夹克衫;短上衣13.everything['evriθin]pron.每件事;一切14.lend[lend]v.借给;借出15.sweet[swi:t]n.糖果adj.甜的16.snack[snæk]n.点心;小吃17.mobile[ˈməʊbaɪl]adj.可移动的18.queue[kju:]n.队19.feed[fi:d]v.喂养;饲养20.leave[li:v]v.离开;留下21.absent[ˈæbsənt]adj.缺席的;不在的22.shh[f](=sh)interj.嘘(用以让别人安静下来)23.quietly['kwaɪətli]adv.轻声地;安静地24.belt[belt]n.安全带;腰带;皮带25.noise['nɒɪz]adj.吵闹的n.声音;噪声26.unhappy[ʌnˈhæpi]adj.不快乐的27.Dr(=doctor)博士;医生28.either['aıðə(r);'i:ðə(r)]adv.也(用于否定词组后)29.practise[ˈpræktɪs]v.训练;练习30.hang[hæŋ]v.悬挂31.weekday[ˈwiːkdeɪ]n.工作日(星期一至星期五的任何一天)32.awful[ˈɔːfl]adj.糟糕的;讨厌的33.become[bɪˈkʌm]v.变成;成为34.better[ˈbetə(r)]adj.较好的adv.较好地35.person[ˈpɜːsn]n.人36.focus[ˈfəʊkəs]v.集中(注意力、精力等);聚焦37.build[bild]v.创建;建造38.spirit['spirit]n.精神;情绪39.relax[rɪ'læks]v.放松;休息40.advice[əd'vais]n.建议;意见41.understand[ˌʌndəˈstænd]v.理解;领会42.untidy[ʌnˈtaɪdi]adj.不整洁的重点短语1.belatefor迟到2.ontime准时3.inclass在课堂上4.putupyourhand举手5.keep+形容词保持...6.bepolite有礼貌7.wanttodosth.想要做某事8.haveto不得不9.followrules遵守规则10.ontime准时11.begoodfor...对有好处12.raiseone’shand举手13.keeptherules遵守规则14.havefun玩得开心15.wouldyoulike...想要16.lendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人17.ofcourse当然18.answerthephone接电话19.bringto带来20.mobilephone移动电话21.turnoff关掉22.thanksfor...因而感谢23.jumpthequeue插队24.talkquietly小声讲话25.waitfor等待26.beabsentfrom缺席27.puton穿上28.keepquiet保持安静29.makenoise制造噪音30.toomany太多31.makesb’s/thebed整理床铺32.weartheuniform穿校服33.finishone’shomework完成作业34.onweekdays在工作日35.needtodosth.需要去做某事36.hangout闲逛,常去某处37.focuson集中(注意力、精力等)于38.buildschoolspirit建立校风39.maketheworldbetter让世界变得更好40.thinkabout思考,考虑41.geton/alongwellwithsb.和某人好好相处42.takecareof...=lookafter...照顾43.achievethegoal实现目标44.bekindtoourclassmates善待我们的同学典型句型1.Weartheschooluniform.穿校服。2.Don’tlitter.Keepyourschoolcleanandtidy.不要乱扔垃圾,保持你的学校干净整洁。3.Bepoliteandtreateveryonewithrespect.礼貌待人,尊重他人。4.Putupyourhandifyouwanttoaskyourteacher.如果你想问老师问题,请举手。5.—Can’tMaryruninthehallway?玛丽能在走廊里跑吗?—No,shecan’t.Shehastowalkinthehallway.不,她不能,她只能在走廊里走。6.Wecan’tbringourmobilephonestoclass.我们不能带手机去上课。7.Wehavetoturnthemoffandputtheminourlockers.我们必须关机,把它们放在我们的储物柜里。8.WhyisthedayspecialforTom?为什么这一天对汤姆来说是特别的。9.Whydoesn’tAnnetakeasweetfromTom?为什么安妮不从汤姆那里拿走糖果。10.Don’tjumpinqueue.Youmustwaitforyourturn.不要插队,你必须等到轮到你。11.Youmusttellyourteacheraboutitwhenyouhavetobeabsentfromclass.你缺席的时候必须要告诉你的老师这件事。12.IhavetohurrytoschoolbecauseIcan’tbelateforschool.我必须赶紧去学校,因为我不能上学迟到。13.IcanonlyplaybasketballafterIpractisethepiano.我只有练完钢琴才能打篮球。14.Iknowsomerulesareimportant,butthisisawful.我知道有一些规则很重要,但是这个太糟糕了。15.Theycanhelpyoutobecomeabetterperson.规则可以帮助你成为一个更好的人。16.Youcan’tuseyourphoneinclassbecauseyouneedtofocusonlearning.你不能在课堂上使用手机,因为你需要专注于学习。17.Youhavetowearauniformbecauseitbuildsschoolspirit.你必须穿校服,因为它能建立校风。18.Andyoucanhangoutwithfriendsatweekends!周末你可以和朋友出去玩!19.Rulescanhelptomaketheworldbetter.规则可以帮助世界变得更好。20.Iknowitcanbedifficulttofollowmanyrules,butrulescanbegoodforus.我知道遵守这么多规则可能很困难,但规则对我们有好处。语言目标掌握祈使句的用法以及使用情态动词can,haveto和must来讨论规则。【考点1】Don’tbelateforclass.Arriveontime.上课不要迟到。准时到达。【详解】动词短语belatefor意为“迟到”,侧重于状态;同义短语arrivelatefor则侧重到达的时间晚例如:arrivelateforclass/school.=belateforclass/school.上课/上学迟到【拓展1】arrive意为“到达”。arriveat+小地点,arrivein+大地点。例如:IwillarriveinBeijingnextweek.我下周到北京。Iarrivedatthesmallvillageonacoldmorning.在一个寒冷的早晨我到达了那个小村庄。注意:arrive后面跟地点副词here,there,home时,不需要跟介词。如:arrivehome到家arrivehere到这儿辨析:arrive,reach与get的区别①arriveat+小地点,arrivein+大地点。②get
to
+
地点(名词)③reach
+
地点(名词)【拓展2】辨析ontime与intimeontime准时(在规定的时间之内)表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生。intime及时(恰在时间点上)强调与某个时刻一致。和time有关的短语:attimes有时atthesametime同时fromtimetotime不时allthetime一直【典例】1.MrBrownarrived________airportyesterday.(用at或者in填空)2.LiMingarrives_______Beijingwithhisparents.(用at或者in填空)()3.—IsyourSamalreadyinLondon?—Notyet,Ithink.He’llgivemeacallassoonashe_____.A.willarrive B.gets C.arrives D.reaches4.王先生要到伦敦。(同义句转换)MrWangwill____________London.=MrWangwill____________London.=MrWangwill______London.()5.Shedidn’tcatchthebus______time,soshecouldn’tarrivethere______time.A.on;in B.in;on C.in;in D.on;on【考点2】Don’tlitter.Keepyourschoolcleanandtidy.不要乱扔垃圾,保持你的学校干净整洁。【详解】“keep+sb./sth.+形容词”表示“使某人或者某物保持某种状态”。此句式中的keep是动词,意为“保留,保存,保持”。例句:Toomuchworkkeepsmebusyandtired.太多的工作让我忙碌而且疲惫。Wemustkeeptheclassclean.我们必须保持教室干净。【拓展】keep常见的其他用法1)“keep+形容词”,意为“保持某种状态”。例如:Keepquiet,please!请保持安静!2)“keepsb.doingsth.”表示“让某人继续/不断地做某事”。Theteacherkeptthestudentsreadingthewords.【典例】()1.—Howdoesyourgrandpa____healthy?—Heeatswellandexerciseseveryday.
A.make
B.leave
C.find
D.keep()2.Pleasekeepyoureye_____. A.close B.closed C.closingD.toclose3.Hekeeps________(stand)atthedoor.4.Ikeephim_________(wait)for2hours.【考点3】Bepoliteandtreateveryonewithrespect.礼貌待人,尊重他人。【详解1】polite是形容词,意为“有礼貌的”,其反义词是impolite,意为“不礼貌的”。
politely是副词,意为“有礼貌地”,其反义词是impolitely,意为“不礼貌地”。常用搭配:bepolitetosb.对某人有礼貌。
【详解2】treat的用法:1.作为动词:对待、治疗、款待、处理;2.作为名词:款待、治疗;3.固定搭配:①treatsbtosth请某人吃或喝某物例句:Itreatedmyfriendstoicecream.我请朋友们吃了冰淇淋。②treatsb/sthas把某人/某物当作...其含义相当于regard…as…例句:Theteachertreathisstudentsashisson.老师把学生当作自己的儿子来看待。③treatsbforsth.为某人治疗...例句:Thedoctortreatedhimforaheadache.医生为他治疗了头痛。④treatsbwithsth“以……方式对待某人”,跟随的是情感类的名词,如kindness,respect等。例句:Weshouldtreatotherswithkindness.我们应该友善待人。【拓展】万圣夜的主要活动之一:Trickortreat(不给糖就捣乱),是指万圣节孩子们挨家逐户要糖果等礼物,如不遂愿便恶作剧一番的风俗。【典例】()1.It’spolite________thankyouwhensomeonehelpsyou.A.say B.tosay C.saying D.said()2.—IthinkLiLeiisa________boy.
—Iagreewithyou.Healwaysspeakstoothers________.A.polite;politely B.polite;polite C.politely;politely D.politely;polite()3.Youshouldtreathimmore________.A.polite B.politely C.impolitely D.impolite()4.Afterawholeday’shardwork,Itreatmyself_______someicecream.A.to B.in C.on D.for()5.Scroogenowtreatseveryonewith________,spreadingloveandjoyeverywherehegoes.A.warmth B.warmly C.warmD.warms()6.Mr.Liisakindteacher,buthetreatsus________inourstudy.A.politely B.friendly C.strictly D.lively()7.Afterhersondiedinanaccident,theoldwomantreatedherdog______herson.A.for B.like C.from D.as()8.Childrenplay“_______”onthepeopleatHalloween.A.trickortreat B.rightorwrong C.comeorgo D.upordown9.Itis(polite)tospeakloudlywhileeating.10.Ourteacheralwaystellsustotalktotheold(polite).【考点4】Shehastoweartheschooluniform.她必须穿校服。Hemustkeeptheschoolclean.他必须保持学校干净。【详解1】haveto意思是"必须、不得不"表示客观上的需要,后接动词原形,有人称和数的变化。结构:主语+haveto+动词原形+其他主语是第三人称单数时主语+hasto+动词原形+其他[来源:学&科&网]否定形式:主语+don't/doesn'thaveto+动词原形+其他主语+doesn'thaveto+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:Do或Does+主语+haveto+动词原形+其他?例如:Doyouhavetostayathomeonweekends?周末你必须呆在家里吗Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.是的,我必须。/不,我不必。【拓展】must和haveto强调重点不同:两者都表示“必须”,must侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务去做某事,没有人称和数的变化;否定为mustn’t意思为“不准”;haveto则重于客观需要,含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意。【典例】()1.He_____tolookafterhislittlesisterbecausehismothergoesout.A.mustB.haveC.hasD.had2.Mikehastocleanhisbedroomathome.(改为否定句)Mike________________________cleanhisbedroomathome.
3.Youmustdoyourhomeworkeveryday.(改为同义句)You________________doyourhomeworkeveryday.
4.Hehastogetupbefore6:10everymorning.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)—________he________________getupbefore6:10everymorning?
—________,he________.
5.Theyhavetowashtheirhandsbeforemeals.(对画线部分提问)
________________they________________________beforemeals?
【详解2】辨析:1)wear是动词,它的意思是“穿”,它表示状态。例如:MyfatherwearsaT-shirttoday.我爸爸今天穿着T恤衫。2)puton的意思是“穿上、戴上”,它表示动作。例如:It’scoldoutside,putonyourcoatplease.外面非常冷,请穿上你的大衣。3)dress作动词时,表示“为……穿衣”后接反身代词或人,也可以不接宾语。例如:Canyoudressthebabyforme?你能帮我给孩子穿衣服吗?4)in表示穿着的状态,后接颜色或服装。例如:Thegirlinredismysister.穿红衣服的女孩是我姐姐。【典例】()1.Theboy____glassesismycousin.He____aredT-shirtandapairofbluejeans.
A.in;wears
B.with;wears
C.wears;in
D.wears;with2.她正穿着一件新裙子。She________________anewskirt.3.请穿上你的外套。Please________________yourcoat.4.那个穿蓝色衣服的男孩是我的弟弟。Theboy________________ismybrother.5.她每天早上给她的弟弟穿衣服。She________________littlebrothereverymorning.【考点5】Icanlendyoumypen.我可以借我的笔给你。【详解】lend意为“借出去”,表示的是把自己的东西借给别人。【拓展】辨析lend,borrow与keeplend借出非延续性动词,表示主语把东西借给别人常用结构:lendsb.sth.或lendsth.tosb.①Canyoulendmeyourpen?你能借你的笔给我吗?②Youmustn’tlendittoothers.你不准把它借给别人。borrow借入[来源:学ZXXK]非延续性动词,表示主语向别人借东西常用结构:borrowsth.fromsb.①CanIborrowyourbook?我可以借你的吗?②Iwanttoborrowabookfromyou.我想从你那借一本书。keep借(多久)[来源:xx_k.延续性动词,表示"借某物多长时间",与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。表示借了某物多长时间,可以和时间段以及howlong搭配—HowlongcanIkeepthebook?我可以借这本书多久?—Twoweeks.两个星期。【图解助记】【典例】1.—CanI_______yourcomputer?—Sorry,I'musingit,Ican't_______ittoyou.A.lend;lend B.borrow;lendC.borrow;borrow D.lend;borrow2.IthinkIcanlendmycomputer_______you.A.to B.for C.with D.and3.—HowlongmayI_______thedictionary?—For2weeks.A.borrow B.lend C.keep D.buy【考点6】Wouldyoulikeasweet?你想吃甜食吗?【详解】would为情态动词,无人称,数变化,可以缩写成’d如:I’d=Iwouldyou’d=youwouldhe’d=hewould▲wouldlike的常用句型:(1)wouldlikesth.想要某物(2)—Wouldyoulikesome…?你想要一些……吗?(征求意见)—Yes,please.是的,请(肯定回答)/—No,thanks.不,谢谢(否定回答)(3)wouldliketodosth.“想要做某事”。=wantsb.todosth想要某人去做某事;(4)Wouldyouliketodo…?你愿意去做……吗?(征求意见)肯定回答:Yes,I’dlike/loveto.是的,我愿意否定回答,委婉拒绝:I’dlike/loveto.ButI’mtoobusy.或者是IhavetostudyforatestI’mafraidnot(我恐怕不能),Ihavetodomyhomework.(5)wouldlikesbtodosth“想要某人做某事”。(6)wouldlike比want/feellikedoingsth.(想要做某事)更委婉、更正式,注意:(1)wouldlike构成的问句表示委婉语气,some不用变成any。(2)疑问句时,记得把人称放wouldlike中间。【典例】()1.—Wouldyoulike________tomyparty?—Yes,I’dlovee B.coming C.tocoming D.tocome()2.—Wouldyoulikesome?—Oh,yes,justalittle.A.applesB.carrotsC.cakesD.mutton()3.—Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?—.I’mverythirsty(口渴的).A.No,thanksB.Yes,pleaseC.Yes,IwouldD.That’sOK4.Wouldyoulike___________(have)somebeef?5.Whatwouldhelike___________(eat)?6.Tomfeelslike__________(buy)somecandiesinthesupermarket.【考点7】Wecan’tbringourmobilephonetoclass.我们不能带手机去上课。【详解】bring作及物动词,意为“带来;取来”,经常与介词to或with连用。常用搭配:bringsb./sth.to...意为“把某人/某物带到···...”;bringsb./sth.withsb.意为“某人带着/带来某人/某物”。例如:Tom,pleaseremembertobringyourfootballtoschool.汤姆,请记得把你的足球带到学校来。Thegirlbringsaflowerwithher.这个女孩带着一朵花。【拓展】bring、take、carry、fetch和get的用法区别bring带来;拿来指把人或物从别处带到说话人所在的地方,多与here连用。take带走;拿走指把人或物从说话人所在地带到别处去,多与there连用。carry搬运无方向性,含"负重"之意,一般指随身携带,如手提、肩扛等。fetch去拿来指从说话者所在地到别处去把人或物带回来。get去拿来get与fetch同义,但更口语化。【图解助记】【典例】一、单项选择()1.—Canyou________yourhomeworktoschooltomorrow,Dale?—OK,MissWang.A.take B.bringC.wantD.put()2.—Jack,remember________yourumbrellawithyouanddon’tforget________ithome.—OK,Mom.A.taking;bringing B.take;bring C.tobring;totake D.totake;tobring()3.—It’sraining,Daisy.Please________anumbrella(雨伞)withyou.—Thanks.A.totakeB.take C.tobring D.bring()4.ThebagissoheavythatIcan’t_______it.A.take B.bring C.carry D.pass()5.Please________theoldboxoutand________thenewonehere.A.bring,take B.take,carry C.bring,carry D.take,bring二、选词填空用bring,take,carry,fetch和get的适当形式填空1.Canyouthephototoschooltomorrow?2.You'dbetteryourraincoatwithyou.3.Youcanmesomemoneyfrommymother.4.Hehelpedmeabagofbooksthismorning.【考点8】Wehavetoturnthemoffandputtheminourlockers.我们必须关机,把它们放在我们的储物柜里。【详解】turnoff“关掉”,指将设备或开关从开启状态转变为关闭状态。【拓展】辨析turnon,turnoff,turnup和turndownturnon与turnoff相对应:turnup与turndown相对应。其中on,off,up,down均为副词,当代词作宾语时,应置于动词和副词之间。★turnon表示“打开”,常指开灯或打开家用电器。★turnoff表示“关掉”,常指关掉自来水、电灯以及家用电器等。★turnup表示“开大,调高”,常指调高(电器等)音量、★turndown表示“关小,调低”,常指调低(电器等)音量。★turndown表示“拒绝”,一般指拒绝邀请。【典例】一、单项选择1.Thelightison.Whenyouleave,please.A.turnitdown B.turnitup C.turnitoff D.turniton2.TheTVistoonoisy.Couldyouplease__________alittle?A.turnupit B.turnitup C.turndownit D.turnitdown3.It’stimeforChineseCooking.Please_____theTV.A.turnoff B.turnon C.turndown D.turnup4.Annadoesn'tlikeJeff,soitispossibleforherto________hisinvitation.A.turnoff B.turndown C.turnon D.turnup5.CanI________theTV,Dad?Iwanttowatchthesportsnews.A.turnoff B.turnon C.turndown D.turnup6.I’mreadingnow.Pleasetellhim___________theTVabit.A.turnup B.turnoffC.toturndown D.toturnon二、选词填空选择方框内的词组填空。turnon,turnoff,turndown,turnup1.Pleaseremembertothelightswhenyouleave.2.Mylittlebabyissleeping.Pleasethemusic.3.It’sdarknow.Pleasethelight.4.Ican’theartheTV’ssound.PleasetheTV.【考点9】That’sanotherrule.这是另一条规则。【详解】another指不定数目(三个或三个以上)中的“另一个;又一个”,用来代替或修饰单数名词。例如:Wouldyoulikeanothercupoftea?你想再来一杯茶吗【拓展】辨析other,others,theother,theothers和anotherother意为:“其他的”;后要接名词复数形式;anyother+可数名词单数:其他的任何一个……例句:他比我们班上任何一名学生都要高。Heistallerthan______________studentsinourclass.Heistallerthan______________otherstudentinourclass.others=other+复数名词泛指其他人或物,others后不接名词;some...others...一些…另一些…例句:有一些学生喜欢下棋,一些喜欢画画,还有一些喜欢阅读。Somestudentslikechess,somelikepainting,while________likereading.theother表“两者中的另一个”,一般不接名词,省略。one...theother...一个……另一个……例句:我有两个哥哥。一个是医生,另一个是工程师。Ihavetwobrothers.________isadoctor,_______________isanengineer.theothers指:“其余的(几个,一些)”,后不接名词。我们班上除了两个学生考试没通过外,其他的都通过了。Onlytwostudentsinmyclassfailedintheexamination,_______________allpassed(通过)it.another指三个或三个以上的“另一、再一”;一般后接名词“another+基数词+名词”==“基数词+more+名词”(基数词:one,two,three,four)例句:我不喜欢这件衬衫,请给我拿另外一件。Idon’tlikethisblouse,pleasegiveme______________one.我还需要两张椅子。Ineed___________desks.=Ineed__________desk.【典例】一、单项选择()1.Theyhavetwodaughters,oneisababy,___________isagirlof12.A.other B.theother C.oneother D.another()2.Wouldyouliketohave________glassofmilk?A.another B.theothers C.others D.other()3.Thesupermarketison_____sideofthestreet.
A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others
()4.Tom,youshouldknowhowtogetonwellwith_____.
A.anotherB.othersC.theotherD.other
()5.Somepeopleliketorestintheirfreetime,______liketotravel.
A.otherB.theothersC.othersD.another()6.Ihavesixcolouredpencils:oneisblue,anotherisred,and_____aregreen.
A.othersB.anotherC.othersD.theothers二、选用所给的不定代词填空other,theother,others,theothers,another1.What_______thingscanyouseeinthepicture.
2.Ihavetwopens.Oneisred,_______isblack.
3.Thereareonlyfivestudentsintheclassroom.Whatare_______?
4.Therearealotofpeopleinthepark.Somearewalking,somearelookingattheflowers,someare
boating,_______arerunning.
5.Thejacketistoosmallforme.Wouldyoushowme_______one?【考点10】Youmustraiseyourhandfirst.你必须先举手。【详解】raise是及物动词,表示“举起”,后面要直接跟宾语。此外,raise还有“饲养、供养,筹集”的意思。例句:Ifyouhaveanyquestions,raiseyourhands.如果你有问题,请举手。Theirfamilyraisedabigdog.他们家养了一条大狗。raisemoneyfor为…筹钱【拓展】rise为不及物动词,后面要带上介词后才能加宾语,。指依次上升,如自然界的日、月、星、雾、云的上升,人体从睡、跪、坐、躺等姿势站立起来等。例句:Pricesriseeverydayinthosecountries.在那些国家物价天天上涨。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太阳东升西落。【典例】()1.Ifyou________something,youmoveithigher.A.rise B.raise C.willrise D.willraise()2.Thesunis________.It’stimeto________theflag.A.raising…rise B.raising…raise C.rising…raise D.rising…rise()3.Thosewhowanttosaysomethingmore_______yourhandsand_______tospeak.A.rise;raise B.raise;rise C.rise;rise D.raise;raise()4.We________ourheadstowatchthesun________overthebridge.A.rise;rise B.raise;raises C.rise;raises D.raise;rise()5.Earlytobedandearly________isagoodhabit.A.toraise B.torise C.raise D.rise【考点11】Therearetoomanyrulesinmylife.在我的生活中有很多规则。【详解】形容词短语toomany意为“太多”,后跟可数名词复数。【拓展】辨析toomany,toomuch和muchtoo的用法短语含义用法toomany太多形容词短语,修饰可数名词复数toomuch太多形容词短语,修饰不可数名词muchtoo太,非常副词短语,修饰副词或形容词注意:没有manytoo的表达【典例】1.Heeats________food,soheis________fat.A.muchtoo;toomuch B.toomuch;muchtoo C.muchtoo;toomany|2.Thechildrenhave________homeworktodoeveryday.A.manytoo B.toomany C.muchtoo D.toomuch3.Alltheschoolshave________rules.A.manytoo B.toomuch C.toomany D.muchtoo4.用toomuch,toomany或者muchtoo填空。1).Therearetreesinourschool.2).It’shottoday.3).Don’teatjunkfood.It’sbadforyourhealth.【考点12】WhenI’minschool,Imustn’tusethephone.Inclasseither.当我在学校的时候,我不能用电话。在课堂上也是。【详解】either在本句子中作副词,意为“也(不)”。either作为连词构成短语“either…or…”表示“要么要么;或者或者”的意思。【拓展】辨析either,too和also的用法。易混词意义及用法either“也”,用于否定句中,置于句末,可以用“,”隔开,也可以不用。too“也”,用于肯定句句末,用“,”隔开also“也”,用于肯定句句中,置于系动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前例如:Thegirlcan’tplaytheguitar,either.Ilikedancing,too.IalsolikeEnglish.【典例】()1.Idon’tlikehistory.Andmybestfrienddoesn’tlikeit,_________.A.too B.also C.either D.well()2.She_______chattingwithherfriendsafterschool.A.toolikes B.alsolikesC.eitherlikes D.likesalso()3.Iamenjoyingsports,______.A.aswellasB.also C.too D.either【考点13】IcanonlyplaybasketballafterIpractisethepiano.我只有练完钢琴才能打篮球。【详解】practise作动词,意为“训练;练习”。其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。常用搭配“practise(doing)sth.练习(做)某事”。例如:WecanseeDavepractise(playing)thepiano.【拓展】practice可以作动词或名词,意为“练习”。作动词时,和practise的用法一致。作名词时,常做不可数名词。例如:Let’sdosomepractice.Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧【典例】()1.—Whatdoyouusuallydointhemorning?—Ioftenpractice________English.A.speak B.tospeak C.speaking()2.Youneedmore_______ifyouwanttodobetterinplayingthepiano.A.lesson B.money C.practice D.play【考点14】Youcan’tuseyourphoneinclassbecauseyouneedtofocusonlearning.你不能在课堂上使用手机,因为你需要专注于学习。【详解1】need此处作实义动词,意为“需要”,后面可以跟名词、代词或动词不定式等作宾语。在句子中有人称和数的变化。例句:Ineedahat.我需要一顶帽子。Where’shispen?Heneedsit.他的钢笔在哪里?他需要它。Weneedtoeathealthyfood.我们需要吃健康的食物。拓展句型:Thereisnoneedtodosth.没有必要做某事。【拓展】need还可用作情态动词,意为“需要”,用法如下:1)没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形。2)可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。3)其否定形式为needn’t,意为“不需要;没必要”。4)need引导一般疑问句时,肯定回答是:“Yes,主语(人称代词主格)+must.”;否定回答是:“No,主语(人称代词主格)+needn’t.”。例如:—Needhedohishomeworkfirst?他需要先做作业吗?—Yes,hemust./No,heneedn’t.是的,他需要(先做作业)。/不,他不需要(先做作业)【典例】()1.IneedAmy________me.A.help B.helps C.helping D.tohelp()2.Wehavemanyeggsinthefridge.You________buyanymore.A.don’tneed B.needn’tto C.don’tneedto D.needto()3.You________worry.Wewillhelpyoudealwiththeproblem.A.needn’t B.don’tneed C.neednotto D.doesn’tneedto()4.Heneeds________adictionaryinthestore.A.tobuy B.buying C.buys D.andbuy()5.Granny______glasseswhenshereadsnewspapers.A.doesn’tneed B.needC.doesn’tneedto D.needn’t()6.Sheisonlyachild,sothereisnoneed________hersomuchstress.A.give B.giving C.togive【考点15】Remember:Norules,noorder!记住:没有规则就没有秩序!【详解1】remember是及物动词,意为“记住,记起”;其反义词是forget,意为“忘记”。remember后可接名词、代词、动词-ing或动词不定式作宾语,本句中remember后面的句子作其宾语。例如:Ican’trememberhistelephonenumber.我记不得他的电话号码了。【比较记忆】remembertodosth.与rememberdoingsthremembertodosth.记得要去做某事,说明事情还没有做,相当于don’tforgettodosth.rememberdoingsth记得做过某事,说明事情已经做过【典例】()1.Remember______offthelightswhenyouleavetheroom,please.A.toturn B.turning C.turnD.turns()2.Iremember________heratapartyonce(曾经),butIdon’tknowhername.A.meeting B.tomeet C.met D.meet()3.Oh,thedoorisopen.ButIremember________ityesterday.A.closeB.toclose C.closing D.closed【详解2】“No+名词”是一个常见的英语结构,通常用于否定句中,表示某物或某事不存在或没有。以下是这种结构的一些常见用法:1.No+名词表示否定或缺乏例如:Nomoney没有钱Notime没有时间,Noproblem没问题2.No+名词表示禁止或不允许例如:Nosmoking禁止吸烟。3.No+名词表示拒绝或不同意:例如:Noway绝对不【详解3】1.rulen.规则;规章v.统治ruler意为:统治者;格尺固定搭配:followtherules遵守规则againsttherules违反规则2.order①n.顺序;点餐;订购keeporder维持秩序ingood/badorder有/无条理takeone’sorder点菜makeanorder下单②v.命令;点餐;订购ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事。③拓展固定搭配:inordertodosth.目的是做某事;为了做某事。inorderthat=sothat+目的状语从句目的是...;为了...例句:MayItakeyourorder,sir?先生,我可以请您点菜了吗?Hegetsupearlyeverymorninginordertocatchthebus.为了赶上那辆公交车,他每天起得很早。=Hegetsupearlyeverymorninginorderthathecancatchthebus.【典例】()1.Youmustn’tworkinthelabbyyourself.It’s________therules.A.for B.against C.with D.to()2.Everyoneshouldalways________trafficrules.A.follow B.keep C.protect D.ask()3.Welivewithourgrandparents________takegoodcareofthem.A.inorderto B.inorderthat C.inorder D.intheorder()4.Thepoliceorderedthem________rightthere.A.wait B.towait C.waiting D.waited()5.Steveturnsoffhisphonebeforereading________hecanfocusbetteronthestorylater.A.evenif B.inorderthat C.nowthat D.assoonas()6.Shoppingismucheasierforus.Nowwecanmake________orderonthephone.A.an B.a C.the D.不填()7.Heworkshard________hecangetgoodgradesintheexam.A.inorder B.inorderto C.sothat D.suchthat()8.Wewillplantmoretreesinorderthatwecanimproveourenvironment.A.sothat B.inorderto【考点16】Dr.Know’sadvice【详解】advice意为:建议;意见(不可数名词)常用搭配:apieceofadvice一条建议givesb.someadvice给某人提一些建议take/followone’sadvice接受某人的建议asksb.forsomeadvice向某人征求意见【拓展】advise建议(动词)常用搭配:①advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事。例句:Mymotheradvisesmetostudyhard.我妈妈建议我要努力学习。②advisesb.nottodosth.建议某人不要做某事。例句:Iadvisehimnotplayinthestreet.我建议他不要在街上玩。【近义词】suggestv.建议;暗示→suggestionn.建议(可数)【典例】()1.Ourteacheralwaysgivesus________whenwehaveproblems.A.anadvice B.anadvise C.someadvice D.someadvices()2.Myparentsadviseme________thechessclub.ButIdon’tlikeit.A.join B.joining C.tojoin D.joined()3.Myparents________thatItakemyteacher’s________.A.advice;advise B.advise;advice C.advices;advises D.advises;advices()4.Ithinkitis________goodadvice,andit’sreally________usefulsuggestion.A.a;an B./;a C.a;a D./;an()5.MrsSmartgaveus________onhowtolearnEnglishwell.A.someadvices B.somesuggestion C.apieceofadvice D.apieceofsuggestion6.Letmegiveyousome________(suggest)and________(advise)aboutlearningEnglish.(一)祈使句(1)定义:用来表示请求、命令、建议、号召、警告等的句子。说话的对象大多为第二人称you,且常被省略。句末用感叹号或句号,读时用降调。为了表示客气,常用please一词。(2)构成:祈使句分为肯定祈使句和否定祈使句。1)肯定祈使句Do型动词原形+宾语+其他Listentotheteachercarefully!Be型Be+表语(名词/形容词)+其他Becareful!/Beagoodman.Let型Let+宾语+动词原形+其他Letmehelpyou.否定祈使句Do型在句首+Don’tDon’tforgetme.Be型在句首+Don’tDon’tbelate!Let型Don’tletsbdosth.或者Letsb.notdosth.Don’tlethimgo.=Lethimnotgo.No型No+n.或者No+doingNophotos.Noparking.(3)答语:祈使句的动作通常是将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,一般用will或won’t。【注意】在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意形式一致和意义相反。即:yes与will;no与won’t要一致;yes意为“不”;no意为“是”。Eg::—Don’tgoout.It’sraininghard.不要出去了。天正下着大雨。—Yes,Iwill.Lilyiswaitingforme.不,我要去。莉莉在等我呢—No,Iwon’t.Iwillstayathome.好的,我不会去的。我待在家就好。(4)祈使句的其他形式:用名词,形容词,副词,动词等直接表达。简洁明快,口语化。Eg:Handsup!举起手来!Eg:Help!救命!Eg:Offthegrass!勿踏草坪!对祈使句的回答:Closethedoor,please.Certainly./Sure./OK./Yes./Ofcourse,Iwill.Don'tbelateforschool,Sam!No,Iwon't.(当然,我不会的。)(5)祈使句的反义疑问句:通常使用willyou?Openthedoor,willyou?开开门,好吗?Don'tbelateforschool,willyou?不要迟到,好吗?Comeearly,__________________?Don'ttalkinclass,_________________?注意区别:Letushavesomethingtodrink,willyou?让我们喝点东西,好吗?Let'sgotothepark,shallwe?咱们去公园吧,好吗?祈使句用法歌诀祈使句,祈使句,请求、命令或建议。主语是you常省去,动词原形开头记。否定形式要注意,句首要把Don’t加。要讲客气用please,句首、句末没关系。【当堂训练】()1.Tom,_________afraidofspeakinginfrontofpeople.A.don'tB.notC.notbeD.don'tbe2.Listentome,please.(变成否定句)___________________________.3.Bequiet.(变成否定句)__________________________________.4.Lethimsithere.(变成否定句)______________________________.5.Let's____________(go)home.6.Let's________________(notwatch)TVagain.7.No______________(smoke)!8.Don't__________(be)lateforschool.9._________________(noteat)intheclassroom.10.__________(get)up,Anna.Itistimetogotoschool.11.Notalkinginthereadingroom.(同义句转换)___________________inthereadingroom.12.Letusgooutforawalk,________________?13.Let'sgohome,_____________________?14.Don'tsmokehere,___________________?15.Closethewindow,____________________?(二)情态动词情态动词+动词原形无人称和数的变化肯定形式否定形式用法can可以can’t不可以表示能力HecanspeakEnglish.表示请求或允许CanIhelpyou?表示猜测--100%否定Eg:--Lookatwomanatthe
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