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第08讲动词不定式掌握动词不定式构成及用法。【典例】考点1:动词不定式作主语1.It’simportantforus________abalanceddietwhichcanhelpuskeepfit.A.nottohave B.nothaving C.tohave D.having【答案】C【详解】句意:对我们来说,有一个平衡的饮食是很重要的,它可以帮助我们保持健康。考查非谓语动词。Itis+形容词+forsbtodosth“对某人来说做某事是……的”,为it固定句型,故选C。2.Theelephantwastoobig.Itwashardforpeople________it.A.weigh B.weight C.toweigh D.weighing【答案】C【详解】句意:大象太大了。人们很难称它的重量。考查非谓语动词。weigh动词,“称重量”;toweigh不定式形式;weighing现在分词形式;weight名词,“体重”;根据“Itwashardforpeople...”可知考查“Itis+形容词forsb.todosth.”,故选C。考点2:动词不定式作宾语1.—I’msorry,MissGreen.Ileftmymathbookathome.—Itdoesn’tmatter.Pleasedon’tforget________itheretomorrow.A.taking B.totake C.bringing D.tobring【答案】D【详解】句意:——格林老师,我很抱歉。我把数学书落在家里了。——没关系。请别忘了明天把它带来。考查非谓语动词和动词辨析。bring带来;take拿走。根据语境可知老师让学生把家里的书明天带来,应用bring,排除AB选项;forgettodosth忘记做某事(未做),forgetdoingsth忘记做某事(已做)。根据“Pleasedon’tforget...itheretomorrow.”可知事情还未做,故选D。2.James,I’mtired.Let’sstop________arest.A.having B.have C.tohaving D.tohave【答案】D【详解】句意:詹姆斯,我累了。让我们停下来休息一下。考查动词不定式的用法。stoptodosth.“停下来一件事去做另一件事情”,根据“James,I’mtired.”可知,我很累需要休息,是停下正在做的事情去休息。故选D。3.Hefound________verydifficult________greatprogress.A.it’s;make B.that;tomake C.it’s;making D.it;tomake【答案】D【详解】句意:他发现取得很大的进步是很困难的。考查代词及非谓语用法。本句考查句式:findit+adj.+todosth.“发现做某事是怎么样的”,it作形式宾语,todosth.作真正的宾语;可用宾语从句转化为find(that)itis+adj.+todosth.,本句主句是一般过去时,从句is应改为was,选项中it’s=itis,排除A、C选项。故选D。考点3:动词不定式作宾语补足语1.Tokeepchildrenawayfromdanger,wewarnparents________themathomealone.A.leave B.toleave C.notleave D.nottoleave【答案】D【详解】句意:为了让孩子远离危险,我们警告父母不要把他们单独留在家里。考查非谓语动词。warnsb(not)todosth“警告某人(不要)做某事”,为固定短语,根据语境可知不要把孩子单独留在家里。故选D。2.Ithadrainedfornearlytwoweeksbyyesterday,anditmademe________outthesedays,soIfeltverybored.A.don’tgo B.didn’tgo C.nottogo D.notgo【答案】D【详解】句意:到昨天为止,已经下了将近两个星期的雨了,这让我这些天都没有出去,所以我感到很无聊。考查非谓语。makesbdosth“让某人做某事”,其否定形式为makesbnotdosth。故选D。考点4:动词不定式作目的状语1.Theboywenttothehospital________afterhismother.A.looked B.look C.tolook D.looking【答案】C【详解】句意:这个男孩去医院照顾他的母亲。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,男孩去医院是为了照顾他的母亲,此处使用todo不定式表目的。故选C。2.—Jane,I’mverythirsty.—Let’sgotothenearestsupermarket________somedrinks.A.tobuying B.buying C.tobuy【答案】C【详解】句意:——Jane,我非常渴。——让我们去附近超市去买一些喝的吧。考查非谓语动词。根据分析句子结构可知,这里用非谓语todo表示目的,表示“为了……”。故选C。考点5:疑问词+动词不定式1.Themathsproblemissohard.Ireallydon’tknow________.A.howtodoit B.howtodo C.whattodoit D.whatdoit【答案】A【详解】句意:这个数学问题好难,我真的不知道该怎么办。考查特殊疑问词和动词不定式。根据句意可知此处“不知该怎么办”应用疑问词how,how接动词不定式todo,后需接宾语it,不可省略。故选A。2.Theteachertolduswhen________ourhomework.A.finish B.tofinish C.finished D.willfinish【答案】B【详解】句意:老师告诉我们什么时候完成作业。考查疑问词加动词不定式。根据“when…ourhomework.”可知此处用特殊疑问词加动词不定式作us的补足语。故选B。考点6:动词不定式作结果状语1.—Mygrandparentsaretooold__________.—Yes,buttheyshouldoftenhaveawalk.A.towork B.works C.work D.working【答案】A【详解】句意:——我的祖父母太老了,不能工作了。——是的,但是他们应该经常散步。考查非谓语动词。too+形容词+to+动词原形,表示“太……而不能做某事”,故选A。2.—Theladyisnotstrongenough__________theheavybasket.—Let’shelpher.A.tocarry B.carrying C.carry D.carried【答案】A【详解】句意:——这位女士不够强壮,拿不动这个沉重的篮子。——让我们帮她吧。考查非谓语动词。be(not)adj.enoughtodosth.“(不)足够……做某事”,应用动词不定式作状语。故选A。1.(2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题)Theyareworkinghard________tigers.A.saved B.save C.tosave2.(2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题)Weshouldhaveahealthydiet,properexerciseandenoughsleep________fit.A.keeping B.tokeep C.keep D.kept3.(2022·西藏·统考中考真题)It’simportantforthedisabled________theabilitytomakealiving.A.tohave B.have C.having D.has4.(2022·广西百色·中考真题)Ourteacheroftentellsus_________acrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.A.go B.going C.don’tgo D.nottogo5.(2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题)—Amy,don’tforget________yourmask(口罩)whenyougoout.—Don’tworry,mom.Iwill.A.wear B.wears C.towear D.wearing6.(2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题)—MissLi,canyoutellmehowtoimprovemywritingskills?—Certainly.Iadviseyou________adiaryinEnglisheveryday.A.tokeep B.keeping C.kept D.keeps7.(2022·江苏连云港·统考中考真题)Kitty,thesebooksare________heavyforyou________carry.Letmehelpyou.A.as…as B.too…to C.such…that D.so…that8.(2022·重庆·统考中考真题)Thenewyeariscoming.Teachersencourageus________newhobbies.A.develop B.developing C.todevelop D.developed9.(2021·西藏·统考中考真题)It’sverykind________you________otherswhenthey’reinneed.A.for;tohelp B.of;tohelp C.for;helping D.of;helping10.(2021·西藏·统考中考真题)Hiscousinisahumorousman.Hemakesus________allthetime.A.laughs B.laughing C.tolaugh D.laugh11.(2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题)Thecommunityworkerispatientenough________totheoldhowtouseHealthCode(码).A.explain B.explains C.toexplain D.explaining12.(2021·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题)—Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?—Hetoldus________intheriver.A.swim B.swimming C.nottoswim D.notswim13.(2021·江苏常州·统考中考真题)—MyfamilywillgoonatriptoBeijingthissummer,butwehaven’tdecided________.—Whynottakethehigh-speedrailway?A.whentoleave B.howtogetthere C.whichhoteltochoose D.howlongtostaythere14.(2021·重庆·统考中考真题)Thevillagersplan________anewbridgeovertheriver.A.build B.building C.tobuild D.built15.(2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题)Ihope________inmyhometownafterIfinishschool.A.work B.works C.working D.towork一、单项选择1.Sue’sfathertoldher________wastefood.A.notto B.don’t C.tonot D.not2.Theyalluseblackpens________articles.Butweusecomputers.A.write B.towrite C.writing D.writes3.________youreyes,youshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonyourphone.A.Protecting B.Tocheck C.Toprotect D.Checking4.Myparentswenttothemarket________somefruitandvegetablesjustnow.A.buy B.bought C.buying D.tobuy5.Helenvolunteered__________awelcomepartyforherfriendlastweek.A.have B.tohave C.having D.had6.Linglingoffered______BettytoLaoSheTeahouse.A.take B.totake C.taking D.took7.It’sreallyimportant________Englishwell.A.learn B.learns C.tolearn8.Thelittleboyis________short________reachtheappleonthetree.A.so;that B.such;that C.enough;to D.too;to9.Mostexpertsthinkitisveryimportantforchildrentolearn_________thehousework.A.whatdo B.whattodo C.howtodo D.howdo10.It’snoteasyformanypeople_________thepromises.A.keeping B.tokeep C.keep D.kept11.—Simon,Ihearyouaregoingabroadforfurtherstudy.Haveyoudecided________?—Notyet.MaybenextSeptember.A.wheretogo B.whentogo C.whotogowith D.howtogo12.Ourteacherencouragesus________partindifferentkindsofafter-classactivities.A.totake B.taking C.take13.Intheolddays,theymadethechildren________12hoursaday.A.work B.worked C.working D.towork14.—Whydidyougetupsoearly?Youdidn’tgetupuntil9a.m.before.—________thefirstbus.A.Catch B.Catching C.Tocatch D.Caught15.Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan________others.A.help B.helping C.helps D.tohelp二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.Wecanmakeplans_________(visit)sickkidsinthehospital.2.Heseems________(be)madatus.3.Youneed________(bring)

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