第08讲 动词不定式（原卷版）

第08讲动词不定式掌握动词不定式构成及用法。【典例】考点1：动词不定式作主语1．It’simportantforus________abalanceddietwhichcanhelpuskeepfit.A．nottohave B．nothaving C．tohave D．having【答案】C【详解】句意：对我们来说，有一个平衡的饮食是很重要的，它可以帮助我们保持健康。考查非谓语动词。Itis+形容词+forsbtodosth“对某人来说做某事是……的”，为it固定句型，故选C。2．Theelephantwastoobig.Itwashardforpeople________it.A．weigh B．weight C．toweigh D．weighing【答案】C【详解】句意：大象太大了。人们很难称它的重量。考查非谓语动词。weigh动词，“称重量”；toweigh不定式形式；weighing现在分词形式；weight名词，“体重”；根据“Itwashardforpeople...”可知考查“Itis+形容词forsb.todosth.”，故选C。考点2：动词不定式作宾语1．—I’msorry,MissGreen.Ileftmymathbookathome.—Itdoesn’tmatter.Pleasedon’tforget________itheretomorrow.A．taking B．totake C．bringing D．tobring【答案】D【详解】句意：——格林老师，我很抱歉。我把数学书落在家里了。——没关系。请别忘了明天把它带来。考查非谓语动词和动词辨析。bring带来；take拿走。根据语境可知老师让学生把家里的书明天带来，应用bring，排除AB选项；forgettodosth忘记做某事（未做），forgetdoingsth忘记做某事（已做）。根据“Pleasedon’tforget...itheretomorrow.”可知事情还未做，故选D。2．James,I’mtired.Let’sstop________arest.A．having B．have C．tohaving D．tohave【答案】D【详解】句意：詹姆斯，我累了。让我们停下来休息一下。考查动词不定式的用法。stoptodosth.“停下来一件事去做另一件事情”，根据“James,I’mtired.”可知，我很累需要休息，是停下正在做的事情去休息。故选D。3．Hefound________verydifficult________greatprogress.A．it’s;make B．that;tomake C．it’s;making D．it;tomake【答案】D【详解】句意：他发现取得很大的进步是很困难的。考查代词及非谓语用法。本句考查句式：findit+adj.+todosth.“发现做某事是怎么样的”，it作形式宾语，todosth.作真正的宾语；可用宾语从句转化为find(that)itis+adj.+todosth.，本句主句是一般过去时，从句is应改为was，选项中it’s=itis，排除A、C选项。故选D。考点3：动词不定式作宾语补足语1．Tokeepchildrenawayfromdanger,wewarnparents________themathomealone.A．leave B．toleave C．notleave D．nottoleave【答案】D【详解】句意：为了让孩子远离危险，我们警告父母不要把他们单独留在家里。考查非谓语动词。warnsb(not)todosth“警告某人（不要）做某事”，为固定短语，根据语境可知不要把孩子单独留在家里。故选D。2．Ithadrainedfornearlytwoweeksbyyesterday,anditmademe________outthesedays,soIfeltverybored.A．don’tgo B．didn’tgo C．nottogo D．notgo【答案】D【详解】句意：到昨天为止，已经下了将近两个星期的雨了，这让我这些天都没有出去，所以我感到很无聊。考查非谓语。makesbdosth“让某人做某事”，其否定形式为makesbnotdosth。故选D。考点4：动词不定式作目的状语1．Theboywenttothehospital________afterhismother.A．looked B．look C．tolook D．looking【答案】C【详解】句意：这个男孩去医院照顾他的母亲。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，男孩去医院是为了照顾他的母亲，此处使用todo不定式表目的。故选C。2．—Jane,I’mverythirsty.—Let’sgotothenearestsupermarket________somedrinks.A．tobuying B．buying C．tobuy【答案】C【详解】句意：——Jane，我非常渴。——让我们去附近超市去买一些喝的吧。考查非谓语动词。根据分析句子结构可知，这里用非谓语todo表示目的，表示“为了……”。故选C。考点5：疑问词+动词不定式1．Themathsproblemissohard.Ireallydon’tknow________.A．howtodoit B．howtodo C．whattodoit D．whatdoit【答案】A【详解】句意：这个数学问题好难，我真的不知道该怎么办。考查特殊疑问词和动词不定式。根据句意可知此处“不知该怎么办”应用疑问词how，how接动词不定式todo，后需接宾语it，不可省略。故选A。2．Theteachertolduswhen________ourhomework.A．finish B．tofinish C．finished D．willfinish【答案】B【详解】句意：老师告诉我们什么时候完成作业。考查疑问词加动词不定式。根据“when…ourhomework.”可知此处用特殊疑问词加动词不定式作us的补足语。故选B。考点6：动词不定式作结果状语1．—Mygrandparentsaretooold__________.—Yes,buttheyshouldoftenhaveawalk.A．towork B．works C．work D．working【答案】A【详解】句意：——我的祖父母太老了，不能工作了。——是的，但是他们应该经常散步。考查非谓语动词。too+形容词+to+动词原形，表示“太……而不能做某事”，故选A。2．—Theladyisnotstrongenough__________theheavybasket.—Let’shelpher.A．tocarry B．carrying C．carry D．carried【答案】A【详解】句意：——这位女士不够强壮，拿不动这个沉重的篮子。——让我们帮她吧。考查非谓语动词。be(not)adj.enoughtodosth.“（不）足够……做某事”，应用动词不定式作状语。故选A。1．（2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题）Theyareworkinghard________tigers.A．saved B．save C．tosave2．（2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题）Weshouldhaveahealthydiet,properexerciseandenoughsleep________fit.A．keeping B．tokeep C．keep D．kept3．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）It’simportantforthedisabled________theabilitytomakealiving.A．tohave B．have C．having D．has4．（2022·广西百色·中考真题）Ourteacheroftentellsus_________acrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.A．go B．going C．don’tgo D．nottogo5．（2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题）—Amy,don’tforget________yourmask(口罩)whenyougoout.—Don’tworry,mom.Iwill.A．wear B．wears C．towear D．wearing6．（2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—MissLi,canyoutellmehowtoimprovemywritingskills?—Certainly.Iadviseyou________adiaryinEnglisheveryday.A．tokeep B．keeping C．kept D．keeps7．（2022·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）Kitty,thesebooksare________heavyforyou________carry.Letmehelpyou.A．as…as B．too…to C．such…that D．so…that8．（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）Thenewyeariscoming.Teachersencourageus________newhobbies.A．develop B．developing C．todevelop D．developed9．（2021·西藏·统考中考真题）It’sverykind________you________otherswhenthey’reinneed.A．for;tohelp B．of;tohelp C．for;helping D．of;helping10．（2021·西藏·统考中考真题）Hiscousinisahumorousman.Hemakesus________allthetime.A．laughs B．laughing C．tolaugh D．laugh11．（2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题）Thecommunityworkerispatientenough________totheoldhowtouseHealthCode(码).A．explain B．explains C．toexplain D．explaining12．（2021·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）—Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?—Hetoldus________intheriver.A．swim B．swimming C．nottoswim D．notswim13．（2021·江苏常州·统考中考真题）—MyfamilywillgoonatriptoBeijingthissummer,butwehaven’tdecided________.—Whynottakethehigh-speedrailway?A．whentoleave B．howtogetthere C．whichhoteltochoose D．howlongtostaythere14．（2021·重庆·统考中考真题）Thevillagersplan________anewbridgeovertheriver.A．build B．building C．tobuild D．built15．（2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）Ihope________inmyhometownafterIfinishschool.A．work B．works C．working D．towork一、单项选择1．Sue’sfathertoldher________wastefood.A．notto B．don’t C．tonot D．not2．Theyalluseblackpens________articles.Butweusecomputers.A．write B．towrite C．writing D．writes3．________youreyes,youshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonyourphone.A．Protecting B．Tocheck C．Toprotect D．Checking4．Myparentswenttothemarket________somefruitandvegetablesjustnow.A．buy B．bought C．buying D．tobuy5．Helenvolunteered__________awelcomepartyforherfriendlastweek.A．have B．tohave C．having D．had6．Linglingoffered______BettytoLaoSheTeahouse.A．take B．totake C．taking D．took7．It’sreallyimportant________Englishwell.A．learn B．learns C．tolearn8．Thelittleboyis________short________reachtheappleonthetree.A．so;that B．such;that C．enough;to D．too;to9．Mostexpertsthinkitisveryimportantforchildrentolearn_________thehousework.A．whatdo B．whattodo C．howtodo D．howdo10．It’snoteasyformanypeople_________thepromises.A．keeping B．tokeep C．keep D．kept11．—Simon,Ihearyouaregoingabroadforfurtherstudy.Haveyoudecided________?—Notyet.MaybenextSeptember.A．wheretogo B．whentogo C．whotogowith D．howtogo12．Ourteacherencouragesus________partindifferentkindsofafter-classactivities.A．totake B．taking C．take13．Intheolddays,theymadethechildren________12hoursaday.A．work B．worked C．working D．towork14．—Whydidyougetupsoearly?Youdidn’tgetupuntil9a.m.before.—________thefirstbus.A．Catch B．Catching C．Tocatch D．Caught15．Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan________others.A．help B．helping C．helps D．tohelp二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1．Wecanmakeplans_________(visit)sickkidsinthehospital.2．Heseems________(be)madatus.3．Youneed________(bring)