阅读理解（细节理解类1）-2024-2025学年中考英语二轮复习（含答案）

专题1:阅读理解（细节理解类1）

1.Afamousstudywasdoneinaschoolbyaprofessorfromauniversity.Atthestartoftheschool

year,theteachersweregiventhenamesoffivechildren.Theyweretoldthatthesefivewerethemost

excellentstudentsintheclass.Butthefactwasthatthesestudentswereonlyaverage,andtheywere

notthebeststudentsatall.Well,guesswhat?Attheendoftheyear,allthefiveaveragestudents

scoredamongthehighestintheclass.

Whatmadetheseaveragestudentschangesomuchtobecometopstudents?Theonlydifference

wasthechangeintheirteachers*attitude.Becausetheteachersbelievedthatthesefivekidswerethe

topstudents,theyexpectedmorefromthem.Andsothesefiveaveragestudentsbegantobelieveand

expectmorefromthemselves.Sotheyworkedhardertodoaswellastheycould.

Doyouknowwhy?Ifyouexpectthebestfrompeople,they'llusuallywanttogiveyoutheirbest.

Agreatleadersaid,nTreatapersonjusthowheappearstobeontheoutside,andyou'llmakehim

evenworse.Buttreatapersonlikehe*salreadyasuccess,andyou'llhelpmakehimthebesthecan

be."

Likethetruestoryof7-year-oldJohnny,histeachergotsoangrywithhimthatonedayshesaid,

"Johnny,you'rethenaughtiestboyinthisclass.I'msureyou'llneverchange."ThenextyearJohnny

hadanewteacher.Andonthefirstdayofclass,shemetwithJohnnyafterschoolandsaid,"Johnny,

I'veheardalotaboutyou!ButdoyouknowthatIdon'tbelieveawordofit."Andeverydayafterthat,

thisnewteachertreatedJohnnyasifhewasoneofthesmarteststudentsevenwhenJohnnydid

naughtythings.Lateron,Johnnybecameaschoolleader.That'sthepowerofourbeliefandattitude

towardchildren.

(1)Theprofessorstartedhisresearchby.

A.teachingthefivechildrenhimself

B.askingthefivechildrentofindanewteacher

C.tellingthefivestudentstoworkharderthaneverbefore

D.tellingtheteacherthefivestudentswerethebestintheclass

(2)Thefiveaveragestudentsbecametopstudentsmainlybecauseof.

A.theprofessor'sstudy

B.theteachers*hardwork

C.thechangeintheteachers

D.thechangeintheteachers*attitude

(3)Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Attitudeandbeliefcanchangeaperson

B.Onlyteacherscanmakeyouatopstudent.

C.Aprofessorsstudycanhelpyouscorehighest.

D.Ifyouwanttogetmore,youshouldhavenewteachers.

2.Astoryhappenedwhenthetelegraph(电报)wasthefastestmethodoflong-distance

communication.Oneday,ayoungmanwenttoaninterviewforajobasaMorsecodeoperator(莫尔

斯电码报务员).

Answeringtheadinthenewspaper,hewenttotheofficeaddress.Whenhearrived,hewalked

intoalarge,busyofficefilledwithnoise,includingthesoundofthetelegraph.Anofficeworkerasked

himtowaituntilhewascalledtogointotheinneroffice.Sevenotherpeoplewerealreadyinthe

waitingareafortheinterview.Theyoungmansatdownandwaitedwiththem.Afterafewminutes,

theyoungmanstoodup,crossedtheroomtothedooroftheinneroffice,andwalkedrightin.

Naturallytheotherpeoplewonderedwhatwasgoingon.Theyweresurethattheyoungmanmadea

mistakeandwouldberefused.

Afewminuteslater,however,thebosscameoutoftheinnerofficewiththeyoungmanandsaid

totheotherpeople,HGentlemen,thankyouverymuchforcoming,buttheyoungmanhasgotthe

job."

Theotherpeopleweresurprised,andoneofthemsaid,"Waitaminute.Idon'tunderstand.He

wasthelasttocomein,andweneverevengotachancetobeinterviewed.Yethegotthejob.That's

notfair!

Thebosssaid,"Pmsorry,butallthetimeyou'vebeensittinghere,thetelegraphhasbeensending

outthefollowingmessageinMorescode:"Ifyouunderstandthismessage,thencomerightin.The

jobisyours."Noneofyouhearditorunderstoodit.Thisyoungmandid.Thejobisthis.

⑴Theyoungmangottheinformationaboutthejobfrom

A.thetelegraphB.thenewspaper

C.anofficeworkerD.afriend

Q）Whatwastheofficelike?

A.Large,busyandnoisy.B.Busy,noisyandcrowded.

C.Large,crowdedbutquiet.D.Busy,crowdedbutquiet.

（3）Howmanypeoplewentfotthejobinterviewthatday?

A.7B.8C.9D.10

（4）Theyoungmanwasofferedthejobbecause.

A.hewasyoung

B.heknewtheboss

C.heheardthetelegraphmessageandunderstoodit

D.hewasthelastonetowalkintotheinneroffice

3.Oneday,amansawaladyontheroad.Hercarbrokedownandsheneededhelp.Theman

stoppedhiscarandsaid:"I'mheretohelpyou.YoucancallmeBryanAnderson."

Afterhefixedthecar,theladywantedtopayhim.ButBryansaidno.Hesaidifshereally

wantedtopayhimback,thenexttimeshesawsomeonewhoneededhelp,shecouldgivethatperson

thehelpheorsheneeded.

Afewmilesdowntheroadtheladywentintoasmallcafe.Thewaitresscameover.Thelady

noticedthewaitresswasnearlyeightmonthspregnant（怀孕的），butsheneverletitchangeher

attitude（态度）whensheservedher.Theladyfinishedhermealandpaidwitha$100bill.The

waitresswenttogetthechange.Whenshecameback,shefoundtheladyhadgoneandleftanoteon

apieceofpaper:"Youdon'towe（欠）meanything.SomebodyoncehelpedmethewayI'mhelping

you.Ifyoureallywanttopaymeback,hereiswhatyoudo:donotlettheloveendwithyou."

Underthepaperwerefourmore$100bills.

Thewaitresswasmoved.Shereallyneededthemoney,asthebabywouldsoonarrive.

Thenshecalledherhusband:"Everythingwillbeallright.Iloveyou,BryanAnderson."

(1)Whatwaswrongwiththelady?

(2)WhatdidBryanasktheladytodoafterfixingthecar?

(3)Howmuchmoneydidtheladygivethewaitressinall?

(4)Whoisthewaitress'shusband?

(5)Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinthestory?

Goodnewsforswimmers.Doyouwanttotalkto

yourfriendsunderthewater?RichStachowski

inventedthisWaterTalkyattheageof10.This

inventioncanamplify(扩大)voicesunderwater

forupto15feet.

Ifyousitinachairfortoolongorinabad

position(姿势),yourbackmaybegintohurt.Now

thereisanewchairthatcanhelpyouavoidthat.It

wasdevelopedbyGermanscientists.Itmakes

noisestotelluserswhentheyneedtomove.

(1)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthe"PlantBottle"?

A.Thebottleiscompletelymadeofplants.

B.ItwasaproductoftheCocaColaCompany.

C.Itcostsmuchmoney.

D.Peoplecan'trecycleit.

(2)Thenewlightbulb.

A.isbrighterthantheoldonesB.isn*tgoodfortheenvironment

C.canlastatleast25yearsD.canlastlessthan25years

(3)TheWaterTalkywasinventedby.

A.GermanscientistsB.ayoungchild

C.aUKcompanyD.someswimmers

(4)Whatwillhappenifyousitinthenewchairfortoolong?

A.Yourheadwillhurt.

B.Youwillbeverynervous.

C.Thechairwillmove.

D.Thechairwillwarnyoutomove.

4.Amanmadeanicetalkingmachine.Itcouldweighpeople'sweight.Themanwantedtotrythe

machinebeforehecouldmakealotofmachines.Heputthemachineintothewaitingroomofa

station.Therewerealwayslotsofpeopleinandout.Thefirstonewhousedthemachinewasan

Indianwoman.Shestoodonthemachine.Themachinethoughtforafewsecondstodecidewhich

languagetospeak."Goodmorning,Madam.nitsaidinIndian."Yourweightis72kilograms.That*s

threekilogramsmore.Ifyoueatmorefruitandvegetables,youwillbesoonallright.Pleasehavea

niceday."ThesecondonetousethemachinewasaChinesegirl.Shestoodonthemachineand

waitedtohearherweight.HGoodmorning,Miss."themachinesaidinChinese."Yourweightis45

kilograms.It'sallrightforyourage.Keepeatingwhatyoueateveryday.Pleasehaveaniceday."The

thirdonetousethemachinewasaveryfatAmericanwoman.Shethoughtforalongtimetostandon

themachine.ThemachinespokequicklyinEnglish."Goodmorning.Willoneofyougetoff?”

(1)ThemachinetoldtheIndianwoman.

A.shewasalittlelighterB.shewasalittleheavier

C.itcouldn'tspeakIndianD.toeatwhatshewantedtoeat

(2)ThemachinesaidtoaChinesegirlthatshe_

A.shouldeatmoreB.shouldeatless

C.hadtoeatmorefruitD.keptherselfhealthy

(3)HowwastheAmericanwoman?

A.Shewashealthy.B.Shelikedthinking.

C.Shewastooheavy.D.Themachinedidn*tlikeher.

5.

Goodbooksarelikegoodfriends.Theysupportyou,andhelpyouunderstandtheworld.TIME

andAMAZONlistedsomeofthebestbooksof2015foryoungreaders.Teenshavepickedoutthreeof

them.Haveyoureadallofthem?

AbsolutelyAlmost

LisaGraff,US

Albiehasalwaysbeenan"almost"-He'salmostgoodatsports.He*salmostsmartenoughtopass

hisspellingtest.Healmostmakeshisparentsproud.Infact,Albiehasalonglistofthethingshe'snot

verygoodat.However,thingsbegintochangewhenAlbiegetsanewbabysitter,Calista.Shehelpshim

workoutallofthethingsheisnotgoodat.Whatwillhappentothis"almost"boy?

ThisOneSummer

JilljanTamakiMarikoTamki,Canada

Everysummer,RosegoeswithhermumanddadtoalakehouseinAwagoBeach.It'stheir

relaxingtime.Rose*sfriendWindyisalwaysthere,too.Butthissummerisdifferent.Rose'smumand

dadkeepfighting.RoseandWindywantstoescapefromit,buttheyfindthemselveswithawholenew

setofproblems.Theymeetalocalteen,butlaterheiscaughtupinsomethingbad...It'sreadyasummer

ofsorrow（悲伤）andgrowingup.

JfNMFntIHtHtn

TheFourteenthGoldfishJenniferL.Holm,US

Eleven-year-oldElliehasneverlikedchange.Shemissesfifthgrade.Shemissesheroldbest

friend.Sheevenmissesherdearlydeadgoldfish.Thenonedayastrangeboyshowsup.Helooksalot

likeEllie'sgrandfather,ascientistwho'salwaysbeencrazyaboutimmortality(永生).Couldthisstrange

boyreallybeEllie'sgrandpa?HashefinallyfoundthesecrettoimmortalitywithEllie?

(1)WhowrotethebookAbsolutelyAlmost?

A.JenniferL.Holm.B.MarikoTamaki.

C.JillianTamaki.D.LisaGraff.

(2)What'sthedifferenceforRosethissummer?

A.Shelostsomethingimportant.B.Shedoesn*thaveaholiday.

C.Shecannotmeetherfriend.D.Herparentskeepfighting.

(3)WhydoesElliemisseverythinginthepast?

A.Becauseshehasneverlikedchange.

B.Becauseshemeetsastrangeboylater.

C.Becausehergrandfatherisascientist.

D.Becausethesecrettoimmortalityisfound

(4)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Albiealwaysdoeswellineverythingbefore.

B.Goodbookscanhelpyouunderstandtheworld.

C.Ellie'sdearlydeadgoldfishcomesbacktolife.

D.AllthebookswerewrittenbyAmericanwriters.

6.Exerciseisgoodforyou

You'veprobablyheardmanytimesthatexerciseisgoodforyourhealth,butdoyouknowthatit

canhelpyoufeelwell,too?Doctorsthinkthatchildrenshouldget60minutes5exerciseeveryday.

Herearesomeofthereasons.

Exercisecanhelppeoplesleepbetteratnight.Itcanalsohelpthepeoplewhohavemental

(精神的)illnesses.

Peoplewhodoexerciselookbetterthanthosewhodon't.Infact,exerciseisoneofthe

mostimportantpartsofkeepingthebodyhealthy.

Thesediseasesarebecomingmorecommonamongchildren.

Thismaynotseemimportantnow,butyourbodywillthankyoulater.Studieshavefound

thatsomeexercise,likejumping,runningandwalking,canhelpgirlsandboyskeeptheirbones

strong.

(一)把下面的句子填入短文中适当的横线上。

A.Exercisecanhelpapersongrowupwell.

B.Exerciseisgoodforeverypartofthebody,includingthemind.

C.Exercisecanhelppeopleloseweightandreducetheriskofgettingcertaindiseases.

D.Exercisecanhelppeoplelookbetter.

(二)：回答下面的问题。

Howlongshouldchildrenexerciseeveryday?

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)Howlongshouldchildrenexerciseeveryday?

7.Newrulesandbehaviorstandards(行为规范)formiddleschoolstudentscameoutinMarch.

@Whoarethemostexcellentstudents?②Middleschoolsuseanewwaytodecidethat.Thebest

studentswon*tonlyhavegoodgrades.Theywillalsobekidswhodon*tdyetheirhair,smokeordrink.

Thefollowingaresomeofthenewrules.

③_____

Haveyouevercopiedothers*workinanexam?Don'tdoitagain!That*snotwhatanhonest

studentshoulddo.Ifyouhaveplayedcomputergamesfortwohoursinyourroom,don*ttellyour

parentsyouhavedoneyourhomework.

Domoreatschool.

④好学生热爱动物，关心他人。AprilisBird-LovingmonthinChina.Isyourschooldoing

anythingtocelebrateit?Youshouldjoin!Inthatway,youcanlearnmoreaboutanimalsandlearnto

protectthem.Andwhenyourclassmatesareintrouble,remembertogivethemahand.Youknowa

friendinneedisafriendindeed.

UsetheInternetcarefully.

Tryto⑤awayfromWebpagesthatarebadforyou.FindgoodWebsitesandusethem

forhomework.

Beopentonewideas.

Haveyoueverthoughtthatpeoplecouldliveonthemoon?Maybeyoucandiscoveranew

planetsomeday.Don*tlookdownonnewideas.@Youshouldwelcomethem,becausenewideas

makelifebetterforeveryone.

(1)在横线上填写一词，使文中①、②句合并为一句。

Middleschoolsuseanewwaytodecidethemostexcellentstudentsare.

(2)()选出文中③处的主题句。

A.Don*tcheatinexams.

B.Neverplaycomputergames.

C.Tellthetruth.

D.Doyourhomework!

(3)将文中④翻译成英语。

(4)在文中⑤处填写一个单词，使句意完整、上下文通顺。

(5)将文中⑥处翻译成汉语。

8.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。

OneThursdayafternoon,whenIwasinGrade9,anewboycameintomyclassroom.Hewasshort

andthin.Hewalkeduptotheteacherandtoldher,veryseriously,thathewasnew.Hisnamewas

Christian.Hesatdown,tookalookatme,andthenlookedaway.Ididn'tthinkhewasveryniceandI

wassurehewasn'tthetypeIwouldliketobecomefriendswith.

Duringthatyear,Ididn*ttalktohimmuch,buthesmiledatmewhenoureyesmet,alwaysshyly.He

neveratelunchwithanybody,andhenevertalkedtoanybodybutme.

ButonedayIjoinedthoseunkindkidswhoweremakingfunofhim.WemadefunofhimthoughI

thoughtitwaswrong.

"Haven'tyougotanyfriends?"akidaskedChristian,whohadwalkedpastusalone,headdown.

"No,hehasn'tgotanyfriends.He'stoostupidandshy,"Isaid.ThenChristianlookedupatmewith

thesaddestdogeyesIhadeverseen.Ifeltverysorryatthatmoment.

Thatnight,Icouldn'tsleepbecauseIcouldn'tgetChristian'sfaceoutofmymind.Intheweeksthat

followed,henevermetmyeyesinclassandneversmiledatme.Itwasreallyhardformetodecideto

writehimanoteaskinghimtoforgiveme.ButIthoughtIshould.

Thenextdayinclass,IwrotehimanotetellinghimhowsorryIfelt.Aboutfiveminuteslater,I

turnedandsawtearsinhiseyes.nYouwillneverrealizewhatyourapology（道歉）hasmeanttome,

Jimmy,"hesaidtome."Ihopewecanbecomefriends."

WehadlunchtogetherthatnoonandwehadthebesttalkIhadeverhad.Overtheyearsathigh

school,wewereclosefriends.

WhenIthinkback,Irealizethat,ifIhadnotapologized,Iwouldneverhaveknownwhatalovely

personChristianwas.

Apologiescanreallychangeyourlife,sonevermissthechancetotellsomebodyyouaresorry.

(1)Fromthepassage,weknowChristianwasaboy.

A.tallandfatB.shortandshy

C.shortandactiveD.lovelyandfat

(2)Jimmydidn*ttalktoChristianmuchatfirstbecause.

A.hedidn'tthinkChristianwasthetypehewantedtobecomefriendswith

B.Christianwasn'tnicetopeoplearoundhimafterhecametothenewclass

C.Christianmadefriendswithothers

D.Christianhadthesaddestdogeyes

(3)JimmyfeltafterhemadefunofChristianwithotherunkindkids.

A.happyB.interestedC.sorryD.bored

(4)JimmyaskedChristiantoforgivehimby.

A.sendingane-mailB.wearingasmile

C.eatingsuppertogetherD.writinganote

(5)Thisarticletellsusthat.

A.weshouldmakeanapologywhenwehurtothers

B.Jimmy'sapologywasunimportanttoChristian

C.Christianwasn'tlovelyinfact

D.itisimpossibletosaysorrytoothers

9.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。

QianXuesenwasborninShanghaionDecember11th,1911.HeisknownasnthefatherofChina's

spaceprogramme"and"thekingoftherocket".

Whenhewas24yearsold,QianwenttoAmericaforfurtherstudy.Aftergraduation,heworkedin

Americaforafewyears,wherehisworkingconditionswerebetter.Intheearly1950s,heheardthe

People'sRepublicofChinahadbeenfounded(成立)anddecidednottostayinAmericaanylonger.

Hesucceededincomingbacktohismotherlandin1955thoughtheAmericangovernmenttriedto

stophim.

In1956,QianXuesensuggestedsettingupaspecialorganization,whichlaterbecametheleading

organizationforChina'srocketandairtravelprogrammes.InJune1964,Chinasuccessfullycreated

itsfirstmediumrocket.QianalsoplayedanimportantroleindevelopingChina'sfirstman-made

satellite(卫星).OnApril24,1970,Dongfanghongwassuccessfullysentintospace.

In1964,ayoungmanwroteQianXuesenaletterandpointedoutamistakeinhispublishedarticle.

Qianimmediatelyansweredtheletterandencouragedtheyoungmantowriteanarticleaboutthe

mistake.

ZhuYilin,whowassaidtobethelaststudentofQianXuesen,oncesaid,"Ilearnedalotof

professionalknowledgeaswellasthespiritandattitudethatascientistshouldhavefromMrQian,

especiallyhisdeeploveforthemotherland.Withoutthat,hecouldn'thavehelpedtodevelopscience

andtechnologywhenthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasbadlyinneedofscientistsforits

development.Withoutthat,hewouldnothavemadegreatcontributions(贡献)totherocketindustry

inthelate1950sandearly1960swhenconditionsinChinaweretoohard."

MrQianhasbeendeadforoveradecade,buthewillliveinthememoryoftheChinesepeople

forever.

(1)WhydidQianXuesengotoAmericawhenhewasyoung?

A.Tofindanewjob.

B.Toreceivefurtherstudy.

C.Tomeetwithhisparents.

D.Tofindbetterworkingconditions.

(2)WhenwasChina'sfirstmediumrocketcreated?

A.In1955.B.In1956.C.In1964.D.In1970.

(3)WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?

A.ThewayQianXuesentriedtoreturntoChina.

B.Thereasonwhyaspecialorganizationwassetup.

C.TheroleQianXuesenplayedinmakingthesatellite.

D.ThecontributionsQianXuesenmadetoChina.

(4)InZhuYilin'sopinion,whatmadeQianXuesenworkhardforhismotherland?

A.Hisloveforthemotherland.B.Hisprofessionalknowledge.

C.Hisworkingexperience.D.HisangertowardsAmerica.

(5)Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.QianwasnotwelcomeinAmericainthe1950s

B.theyoungmancouldn'tunderstandQian*sarticles

C.thePeople'sRepublicofChinawasingreatneedofscientistslikeQian

D.hardconditionsmadeiteasiertodeveloptherocketindustry

答案

、阅读理解题(共10题)

(1)D

(2)D

(3)A

(1)B

(2)A

(3)B

(4)C

(1)Hercarbrokedown./Hercardidn'twork.

(2)Heaskedhertohelpothers(whoneededhelp).

(3)$500./500dollars.

(4)BryanAnderson.

(5)Don'tlettheloveendwithyou./Behelpfultoothers./Bekind-heartedtoothers./Letthelovego

on.

(1)B

(2)C

(3)B

⑷D

(1)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：TheCocaColaCompanyhasaninvention-the

"PlantBottle".Itispartlymadefromplantsandcanberecycled(循环).Itshowshowbusinessescan

helptodealwiththeproblemofclimate(气候)change,可口可乐公司有一个发明“聚酯塑料

瓶”。它在一定的程度上是由植物制成的，并可以回收利用。它显示商家可以怎样帮助处理气

候改变的问题。

因此，正确答案是B。

(2)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：NowtheUKhasanewlightbulbthatcanlast25yearsor

more.现在英国有一种可以使用25年甚至更久的新型灯泡。

因此，正确答案是C。

(3)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：RichStachowskiinventedthisWaterTalkyattheageof10.

RichStachowski在10岁时发明了这种“水下谈话工具”。

因此，正确答案是B。

(4)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Itmakesnoisestotelluserswhentheyneedtomove.但使用

者需要移动的时候，它会发出声响来告诉他们。

因此，正确答案是D。

(1)B

(2)D

(3)C

(1)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Yourweightis72kilograms.That'sthreekilogramsmore.If

youeatmorefruitandvegetables,youwillbesoonallright.你的体重是72公斤。超重3公斤。

如果你多吃水果和蔬菜，你的体重很快就会正常的。

因此，正确答案是B。

(2)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Yourweightis45kilograms.It'sallrightforyourage.你的

体重是45公斤。这对你的年龄来说是合适的。

因此，正确答案是D。

(3)此题是推理判断题。答案出处：ThethirdonetousethemachinewasaveryfatAmerican

woman.第三个使用这台机器的是一个非常胖的美国女人。ThemachinespokequicklyinEnglish.

"Goodmorning.Willoneofyougetoff?"这台机器用英语快速地说：“早上好。请你们其中一个

下来好吗？”

因此，正确答案是C。

(1)D

(2)D

(3)A

(4)B

(1)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：AbsolutelyAlmostLisaGraff,美国Lisagraff□因此，正

确答案是D。

(2)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Butthissummerisdiff