高一英语外研版学案：ModuleGreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChinaSectionⅠ

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina功能Givingreasons（给出理由）Ilike.。。because。。./Thereasonwhy.。。isthat..。句型1．InancientChina，privateteacherstravelledfromstatetostateexplainingtheirphilosophy.动词的非谓语形式的用法.2．Butitwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers.when引导的定语从句。3．Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood。why引导的定语从句以及that引导的表语从句的用法。语法限制性定语从句（Definingattributiveclauses：ofwhom/inwhich)写作写一篇议论性短文（Adiscursiveessay）考点定语从句Theinventionofthetelephone电话是当今社会最普遍、最实用的通讯工具之一.1876年世界上第一部电话诞生。电话的发明者亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔，从小就受到家庭的熏陶，对声学和语言学产生了兴趣……Inthenineteenthcentury，theinventionofthetelegraphmadeitpossibletosendvoices，signals（信号），andevenmusicoverwires（电线）fromoneplacetoanother。However，thehumanvoicehadnevertraveledinthisway._1．_andin1876someoftheireffortspaidoff。TwoAmericaninventors.AlexanderGrahamBellandElishaGray，succeededatalmostthesametime.TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtfinallyhadtodecidewhichofthetwowasthefirstinventorofthetelephone。TheCourtdecidedinBell'sfavor.BorninEdinburgh，Scotland,Bellgrewupinafamilythatwasveryinterestedinteachingpeopletospeak.Hisgrandfatherhadbeenanactorwholeftthetheatretoteachelocution（演说术）．Hisfatherwasateacherwhohelpedthedeaflearnhowtospeak.In1871，theyearaftertheBell’sarrivalinCanada，youngAlexanderfoundajobintheUnitedStates。HewashiredasateacherinanewschoolforthedeafinBoston,Massachusetts.HetaughtthereandatotherUnitedStatesschools。Finally，heopenedaschoolofhisown。Bellthoughtthatifhecouldmakespeechvisible（看得见的)byactuallyshowingthevibrations（震动）ofthevoice，hecouldteachhisdeafpupilstomakethesamevibrationsthemselves。Belltriedtofindawaytoreproducethevibrationsbyelectricalmeans.Hisassistant，Watson，workedwithhimforalmostfouryears。_2．_Whentheirmoneyranout，theypersuadedsomebusinessmentohelpthemwithmoney。Onedayin1874，Bellwasathisreceiverintheroom，tryingtocatchthesignalssentbyWatsonfromanotherroom。Suddenlyheheardatwang.BellrushedintoWatson'sroomandshouted，“Whatdidyoudothen?”HefoundthatthesoundhadbeenmadebychancewhentwopiecesofmetalhadstucktogetherandcarriedtoBelloverthewire.Afterthisdiscovery，alltheyhadtodowastofindthebestkindsofmaterialsforcarryingthehumanvoiceoverwires。Thebasicprinciplehadbeendiscovered.NotlongafterBell’sinvention，telephonecompanieswereestablishedintheUnitedStates，GreatBritain，Franceandmanyothercountries.诱思探究:Choosethecorrectsentencestofillintheblanksinthetext.A．Theyspentalltheirsparetime，aswellastheirsparemoney，ontheirexperimentsB．BellneverlostinterestinhelpingthedeafC．ManyinventorstriedtofindawaytosendavoiceoverwiresⅠ．词汇拓展1．______adj.平等的→______n.平等2．______n.秩序→______adj。有秩序的;整齐的3．______vt。强调→______adj.紧张的4．______vi.辞职→______adj。已辞职的；已放弃的→______n。辞职5．______n。顾问→______v。建议→______n.建议6．______adj.有影响的→______n.&v。影响7．______n。诚实→______adj.诚实的8．______n。贡献→______v。贡献9．______n.发明家→______vt。发明→______n.发明10．______n。争论；辩论;议论→______v。争论；辩论Ⅱ．短语互译1．______对……作出贡献2．______与……相似3．______责任感4．______因……而争论5．______与……交战6．bringup______7．beproudof______8．intheway______9．asfollows______10．inconclusion______Ⅲ．重点句型1．InancientChina，privateteacherstravelledfromstatetostate______theirphilosophy。在古代中国，私人教师同游列国解释他们的哲学.2．Butitwasalsoatime______thereweremanygreatphilosophers.但那也是一个产生众多哲学家的时期。3．Mencius____________thereason______manisdifferentfromanimalsis______manisgood。孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人是善良的。在预习中还有哪些问题需要你在听课时加以关注?请在下列表格中做个备忘吧！我的学困点我的学疑点答案：主题导读诱思探究：1．C2．A基础导练Ⅰ．1．equal；equally2．order；orderly3．stress；stressful/stressed4．resign；resigned;resignation5．adviser；advise；advice6．influential；influence7．honesty；honest8．contribution；contribute9．inventor；invent；invention10．argument；argueⅡ．1．makecontributionsto2．besimilarto3．asenseofresponsibility4．arguefor5．beatwarwith6．养育;呕吐7．为……自豪8．挡路；碍事9．如下10．总之Ⅲ．1．explaining2．when3．believedthat；why；thatSectionⅠIntroduction＆ReadingandVocabularyⅠ．ReadthepassageonP43carefullyandfillintheblanks.NameLifespan1．______InfluenceConfucius551BC。479BCHebelievedthat2．______，dutyand3．______playedanimportantpartinsociety。Hisinfluencehasbeenthegreatest.HisideashaveinfluencedChinesesocietyforover4．______years。5．____372BC­289BC●HisteachingswereverysimilartothoseofConfucius。●Hebelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanis6．____.●Hethoughtthatpeopleweremore7．______thanrulers，andhatedthestatewhenittreatedpeoplebadly.Mozi476BC。390BC●Heconsideredthat8．______wasofgreatimportance.●Hebelievedallmenwere9．______.●Hetaughtthatweshouldloveallhumanbeingsandlookafterthosewhoare10．______thanourselves。●Hehatedtheideaofwar。Hewasanotherteacherwhowasveryinfluential。Ⅱ．ReadthepassageonP43carefullyagainandchoosethebestanswers.1．______believedthatpeoplearemoreimportantthanrulers。A．MenciusB．MoziC．KingsD．Confucius2．______becamefamousforhisunusualclothesandbehaviour。A．ConfuciusB．MenciusC．MoziD．Ancientpeople3．Mozi’sideaoflovewas______theConfucianideaofkindness.A．differentfromB．thesameasC．morepracticalthanD．lesspowerfulthan4．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue？A．Confucius'sinfluencehasbeengreaterthanthatofMenciusandMozi。B．ConfuciuslivedshorterthanMozi.C．Mozilivedapoorlifewhenhewasyoung。D．Menciusworkedforonlyoneruler。5．WhichofthefollowingbeliefsofMoziissimilartothoseofConfucius?A．Hetaughtweshouldloveallhumanbeings。B．Hethoughtthatwhetherpeopleweregooddependedonthegovernment.C．Hebelievedthatpeopleweremoreimportantthanrulers。D．Hethoughtthatgovernmentwasmostimportant。1．Mencius’sideaswereverysimilartothoseofConfucius，butsomeofMozi'sthoughtswereverydifferent.（P41）孟子的思想和孔子的思想相似，但墨子的思想中的一些却大相径庭。（1）besimilarto与……相似Yourviewsoneducationaresimilartomine。你的教育观点和我的相似。Thetwoanimalsaresimilartoeachotherinappearance。这两只动物外表很相似。besimilarin在……方面相似similarlyadv。相同地；同样地(可以修饰动词，也可以修饰整句）similarityn.类似;相似点(2）those是替代词,代替前面的ideas,those是that的复数形式。Hisideasaredifferentfromthose（＝theideas）ofhisfriends。他和他朋友们的想法不一样。Studentswhodowellinexamsarethose(＝thestudents）whoaskquestionsinclass.考试成绩好的都是上课爱提问的学生。(1）介词填空①Myopinionsonthematteraresimilar______Bob's.②Goldissimilar______colourtobrass。（2）单项选择①StudyingWendy’smenu，Ifoundthatmanyoftheitemsaresimilarto______ofMcDonald’s.A．thoseB．onesC．anyD．all②TheUnitedStateswonmostofthetrackandfieldevents。________inswimming，thetopthreeplaceswenttoAmericans。A．LikelyB．ProbablyC．SimilarlyD．Generally2．Allhumanbeingsareequal。(P41）人人平等。equaladj。相等的；相同的；能胜任的v.相等;抵得上；敌得过MenandwomenhaveequalrightsinChina.在中国，男女权利平等。Heisequaltothejobofrunningtheoffice。他能胜任管理办公室的工作。MaryisquiteequaltoBillinbrains。玛丽和比尔同样聪明。Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer。不管是容貌还是舞艺我们都比不上她.图示beequaltosth./doingsth。等于;能胜任bewithoutequal无与伦比；无敌equallyadv.同样地；相等地(1）根据括号内的中文完成句子①Fiveplusfive________________(等于）ten.②HelearnsEnglishquitewellandnooneelseinmyclass________________（比得上他)．（2）单项选择Anyone，whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver，shouldbe______respected.A．especiallyB．equallyC．naturallyD．normally3．order（P42）n.秩序；命令；订单v.命令；订饭/菜Everythinginhisroomisinorder.他房间里的一切都井然有序。Iplacedanorderfor100toyswiththatcompany。我和那家公司订购了100个玩具.Heorderedhismentostartatonce.他命令他的人立刻出发。inorder按顺序；整齐；井然有序outoforder出故障的keeporder维持秩序put。..inorder排列顺序placeanorderforsth.withsb.和某人订购某物（1)根据括号内的中文提示完成句子①He____________________(订购了)500pairsofshoeswiththatfactory.②Please____________________（给这些句子排序）．③Heorderedthat____________________(我们在中午之前完成工作）．（2）单项选择Thedoctororderedthatshe______arestforaweek.A．takesB．tookC．takeD．wouldtake4．AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.（P43，Para。1）古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争.beatwarwith与……交战Thecountryhasbeenatwarwithitsneighbourfortwoyears。这个国家与邻国已打了两年仗了。Howlonghavetheybeenatwarwitheachother?他们相互交战多长时间了？介词at常表状态,请指出下列各短语的含义答案：①在吃饭②出海③在玩耍④在工作⑤处于和平状态⑥在家⑦安心（1）单句改错It'snotpolitetoblowyournoseatthetable。________________________________________________________________________（2）单项选择Atthattime，hiscountrywas______othercountries,sohearingfromhimwasextremelydifficult.A．atwarwithB．atthewarwithC．atwaragainstD．duringthewarwith5．Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness，dutyandorderinsociety。(P43，Para。1）他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。stressvt.强调;施压于;使紧张n。强调;压力；重音Ourteacherhasrepeatedlystressedtheimportanceofhandwriting。我们老师已反复强调了书写的重要性。Theweightstressedthebridgetothepointofdamagingit.载重负荷把桥压得达到损坏的程度。Ithinkherheadachesarecausedbystress.我认为她的头疼是由于紧张造成的.underthestressof为……所迫；受到……的压力lay/put/placethestresson/upon把重点放在……上stressfuladj.充满压力的；紧张的stressedadj.紧张的；无法放松的(不用于名词前）（1）根据括号内的中文提示完成句子①TheEnglishteacher______（强调）theimportanceofreading。②Thegovernment______(着重于)welfarework。（2)单项选择Mysisterhasbeenfeeling______sinceshestartedherfirstjob。Shecan'tsleepwell。A．stressedB．unpleasantC．confidentD．sudden6．Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung，andhewasbroughtupbyhismother.（P43，Para。2）父亲去世的时候他还很小，他是由母亲抚养成人的.bringup提出（话题）;养育；呕吐Whydon’tyoubringthisquestionupatthemeeting?你为何不在会上提出这个问题？Thoughbornandbroughtupinthecity,shepreferslifeinthecountry。尽管她是在城市里出生和长大的,但她更喜欢农村的生活。Hewasillandbroughtuphisdinner.他病了，把晚饭都吐了出来。bringdown打倒;减少；击败bringabout引起;导致bringin收（庄稼）；引进bringon使发展;导致bringout显现；生产；出版bringback送回；使想起（1）从下列词组中选择合适的bring词组完成句子（bringdown；bringout;bringabout；bringin）①Theexamples______themeaningofthisword.②Itriedtogetthemto______thepriceoftheTVset，buttheyrefusedto。SoIdidn'tbuyit.③TheystartedtouseEnglish，buttheyalso______somewordsfromtheirownlanguages。④What______thechangeinhisattitude?(2)单项选择Helosthisparentsintheearthquakeandwas______bythegovernment。A．broughtoutB．broughtinC．broughtupD．broughtabout7．Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.(P43，Para.2）孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人是善良的。thereasonwhy。。。isthat。。.为固定句型,表示“……的原因是……”。whymanisdifferentfromanimals是why引导的定语从句修饰先行词reason，thatmanisgood是that引导的表语从句.Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycansupplyfreshairtous。我们不得不种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。Thereasonwhyshefailedintheexamwasthatshedidn'tworkhard.她考试不及格的原因是她学习不刻苦。（1）在定语从句中，如果reason为先行词,且关系词在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,关系词用which/that,其在从句中作宾语时常可省略.Idon'tbelievethereasonwhich/thathehasgivenusforhisbeinglate.我不相信他给出的迟到原因。此时关系词在定语从句中作given的宾语,因此关系词可以用which/that，也可以省略不填。（2）如果关系词在定语从句中作状语，用why/forwhich引导.Thatwasn’tthereasonwhy/for_whichheliedtoyou。那不是他对你撒谎的原因。（1)单句改错Thereasonwhyhegavewasthathisbikewasbroken.________________________________________________________________________(2)单项选择Thereason______hesucceededwas______heworkedveryhard.A．for；whyB．for；thatC．why；thatD．why；how8．Insomeways,hisbeliefsweresimilartothoseofConfucius。(P43，Para.3）在某些方面,他的学说和孔子的有些相近.insomeways在某些方面Insomeways，I’dratherhewasn’tinvolvedatall.就某些方面而言，我宁愿他根本没有被牵扯进去。inaway从某种意义上讲innoway无论如何都不;决不intheway挡路；碍事alltheway一直；自始至终beontheway（to）在途中；即将到达havealongwaytogo（为达到……)仍有许多要做noway没门儿(1）单句改错InnowayIamgoingthehelphim!________________________________________________________________________（2）单项选择—Ithinkyoushouldsaysorrytome.Youbrokemycup。