2023年英语专业四级考试题库大全及答案

2023年英语专业四级考试题库大全及答案词汇与语法部分1.Thepolicearetryingtofindoutthe______ofthewomankilledinthetrafficaccident.A.evidenceB.recognitionC.statusD.identity答案：D。“identity”意为“身份”，警方试图查明在交通事故中丧生的女子的身份，符合语境。“evidence”是“证据”；“recognition”是“认出，识别”；“status”是“地位，状态”。2.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme______ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.A.informedB.informingC.tobeinformedD.havinginformed答案：A。“keepsb.informedof...”是固定用法，意为“让某人了解……”，“informed”是过去分词作宾语补足语，与“me”是被动关系。3.______forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot答案：C。这是一个虚拟语气的句子，与过去事实相反。“Haditnotbeenfor...”相当于“Ifithadnotbeenfor...”，表示“要不是……”。4.Idon'tthinkitadvisablethatTom______tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A.isassignedB.willbeassignedC.beassignedD.hasbeenassigned答案：C。在“itisadvisablethat...”结构中，that从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。“Tom”和“assign”是被动关系，所以用“beassigned”。5.Theoldcoupledecidedtomoveoutoftowntoaquiet______,wheretheyhadspentseveralyearsimmediatelyaftertheirmarriage.A.spaceB.suburbC.neighborhoodD.area答案：C。“neighborhood”指“附近地区，邻里”，老夫妇想搬到一个安静的他们婚后曾住过几年的邻里地方。“space”是“空间”；“suburb”是“郊区”；“area”是“区域”，这里“neighborhood”更符合语境。6.Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms______backbeforethedeadline.A.mustbesentB.wouldbesentC.besentD.weresent答案：C。“Itisessentialthat...”结构中，从句用虚拟语气，“should+动词原形”，should可省略，“applicationforms”和“send”是被动关系，所以是“besent”。7.Themaninthecornerconfessedto______alietothemanagerofthecompany.A.havetoldB.betoldC.beingtoldD.havingtold答案：D。“confessto”中的“to”是介词，后面接动名词，“说谎”这个动作发生在“confessed”之前，所以用动名词的完成式“havingtold”。8.Bytheendofthismonth,wesurely______asatisfactorysolutiontotheproblem.A.havefoundB.willbefindingC.willhavefoundD.arefinding答案：C。“bytheendofthismonth”表示到将来某个时间为止，要用将来完成时，即“willhave+过去分词”，所以选“willhavefound”。9.Therearesigns______restaurantsarebecomingmorepopularwithfamilies.A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.whose答案：A。“that”引导同位语从句，解释说明“signs”的内容，从句“restaurantsarebecomingmorepopularwithfamilies”不缺成分，所以用“that”。10.Inordertoshowhisbosswhatacarefulworkerhewas,hetook______troubleoverthefigures.A.extensiveB.spareC.extraD.supreme答案：C。“takeextratroubleover...”表示“在……上格外下功夫”，他为了向老板显示自己是个细心的员工，在数字上格外用心。“extensive”是“广泛的”；“spare”是“空闲的”；“supreme”是“最高的，极度的”。完型填空部分IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe1870sand1880s,andmostof11werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheU.S.,theday-nurserymovementreceivedgreat12duringtheFirstWorldWar,when13ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished14inmunitionsplants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.15thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose16,thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,17,Federal,State,andlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol18thedaynurseries,chieflyby19themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.The20oftheSecondWorldWarwasquicklyfollowedbyanincreaseinthenumberofdaynurseriesinalmostallcountries,aswomenwereagaincalledupontoreplacemeninthefactories.Onthis21theU.S.governmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools,22$6,000,000inJuly,1942,foranurseryschoolprogramforthechildrenofworkingmothers.ManyStatesandlocalcommunities23thisFederalaid.Bytheendofthewar,inAugust,1945,morethan100,000childrenwerebeingcared24inday-carecentersreceivingFederal25.Soonafterward,theFederalgovernment26cutdownitsexpendituresforthispurposeandlater27them,causingasharpdropinthenumberofnurseryschoolsinoperation.However,theexpectationthatmostemployedmotherswouldleavetheir28attheendofthewarwasonlypartlyfulfilled.11.A.thoseB.themC.whoseD.whom答案：B。这里需要一个宾格代词作“of”的宾语，指代前面的“nurseries”，所以用“them”。12.A.impetusB.inputC.imitationD.initiative答案：A。“impetus”意为“推动力”，一战期间，人力短缺促使大量女性就业，这给日托所运动带来了很大的推动力。“input”是“投入”；“imitation”是“模仿”；“initiative”是“主动性”。13.A.sourcesB.abundanceC.shortageD.reduction答案：C。“shortageofmanpower”表示“人力短缺”，因为人力短缺才导致大量女性进入工厂工作，推动了日托所的发展。“sources”是“来源”；“abundance”是“丰富”；“reduction”是“减少”。14.A.hardlyB.entirelyC.onlyD.even答案：D。“even”表示递进，在一些欧洲国家，甚至在军火工厂里都建立了日托所。“hardly”是否定副词“几乎不”；“entirely”是“完全地”；“only”是“仅仅”。15.A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Although答案：D。“Although”引导让步状语从句，尽管美国日托所数量也增加了，但没有得到政府的任何援助。“Because”“As”“Since”都引导原因状语从句。16.A.unanimouslyB.sharplyC.predominantlyD.militantly答案：B。“sharply”表示“急剧地”，美国日托所数量急剧增加。“unanimously”是“一致地”；“predominantly”是“主要地”；“militantly”是“好战地”。17.A.thereforeB.consequentlyC.howeverD.moreover答案：C。这里表示转折，一战后，联邦、州和地方政府开始对日托所进行控制，与前面没有政府援助形成转折，用“however”。“therefore”和“consequently”表示因果关系；“moreover”表示递进关系。18.A.overB.inC.atD.about答案：A。“exercisecontrolover...”是固定搭配，意为“对……实施控制”。19.A.formulatingB.labelingC.patentingD.licensing答案：D。“licensing”意为“颁发许可证”，政府主要通过给日托所颁发许可证、检查和规范其内部条件来进行控制。“formulating”是“制定”；“labeling”是“贴标签”；“patenting”是“申请专利”。20.A.outsetB.outbreakC.breakthroughD.breakdown答案：B。“outbreak”指“爆发”，二战的爆发促使几乎所有国家日托所数量增加。“outset”是“开端”；“breakthrough”是“突破”；“breakdown”是“故障，崩溃”。21.A.circumstanceB.occasionC.caseD.situation答案：B。“onthisoccasion”表示“在这个时候”，这里指二战时美国政府在这个时候立刻支持托儿所项目。“circumstance”常用复数“circumstances”；“case”指“情况，案例”；“situation”是“形势，局面”。22.A.regulatingB.summoningC.allocatingD.transferring答案：C。“allocating”意为“分配，拨出”，美国政府在1942年7月拨出600万美元用于职业母亲孩子的托儿所项目。“regulating”是“调节”；“summoning”是“召集”；“transferring”是“转移”。23.A.expandedB.facilitatedC.supplementedD.compensated答案：C。“supplemented”表示“补充”，许多州和地方社区补充了联邦政府的援助。“expanded”是“扩大”；“facilitated”是“使便利”；“compensated”是“补偿”。24.A.byB.afterC.ofD.for答案：D。“carefor”是固定短语，意为“照顾”，到1945年8月战争结束时，有超过10万名儿童在接受联邦资助的日托中心得到照顾。25.A.pensionsB.subsidiesC.revenuesD.budgets答案：B。“subsidies”指“补贴”，这里指接受联邦政府补贴的日托中心。“pensions”是“养老金”；“revenues”是“收入”；“budgets”是“预算”。26.A.prevalentlyB.furiouslyC.statisticallyD.drastically答案：D。“drastically”表示“大幅度地”，战后联邦政府大幅度削减了这方面的开支。“prevalently”是“普遍地”；“furiously”是“愤怒地”；“statistically”是“统计上地”。27.A.abolishedB.diminishedC.jeopardizedD.precluded答案：A。“abolished”意为“废除”，后来联邦政府废除了这项开支，导致运营的托儿所数量急剧下降。“diminished”是“减少”；“jeopardized”是“危及”；“precluded”是“阻止”。28.A.nurseriesB.homesC.jobsD.children答案：C。大部分职业母亲在战后离开工作岗位的预期只部分实现了，所以这里选“jobs”。阅读理解部分Passage1Theconceptofpersonalchoiceinrelationtohealthbehaviorsisanimportantone.Anestimated90percentofallillnessesmaybepreventableifindividualswouldmakesoundpersonalhealthchoicesbaseduponcurrentmedicalknowledge.Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeitrestrictedwhenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.ThestructureofAmericansocietyallowsustomakealmostallourownpersonaldecisionsthatmayconcernourhealth.Ifwesodesire,wecansmoke,drinkexcessively,refusetowearseatbelts,eatwhateverfoodswewant,andliveacompletelysedentarylifestylewithoutanyexercise.Thefreedomtomakesuchpersonaldecisionsisafundamentalaspectofoursociety,althoughthewisdomofthesedecisionscanbequestioned.Personalchoicesrelativetohealthoftencauseadifficulty.Asoneexample,ateenagermayknowthefactsrelativetosmokingcigarettesandhealthbutmaybepressuredbyfriendsintobelievingitisthesociallyacceptedthingtodo.Amultitudeoffactors,bothinheritedandenvironmental,influencethedevelopmentofhealth-relatedbehaviors,anditisbeyondthescopeofthistexttodiscussallthesefactorsastheymayaffectanygivenindividual.However,thedecisiontoadoptaparticularhealth-relatedbehaviorisusuallyoneofpersonalchoice.Therearehealthychoicesandthereareunhealthychoices.Indiscussingthemoralsofpersonalchoice,FriesandCrapodrewacomparison.Theysuggestthattoknowinglygiveoneselfovertoabehaviorthathasastatisticalprobabilityofshorteninglifeissimilartoattemptingsuicide.Thus,forthoseindividualswhoareinterestedinpreservingboththequalityandquantityoflife,personalhealthchoicesshouldreflectthosebehaviorsthatareassociatedwithastatisticalprobabilityofincreasedvitalityandlongevity.29.Theconceptofpersonalchoiceconcerninghealthisimportantbecause______.A.personalhealthchoiceshelpcuremostillnessesB.ithelpsraisethelevelofourmedicalknowledgeC.itisessentialtopersonalfreedominAmericansocietyD.wrongdecisionscouldleadtopoorhealth答案：D。文章提到“Anestimated90percentofallillnessesmaybepreventableifindividualswouldmakesoundpersonalhealthchoicesbaseduponcurrentmedicalknowledge”，说明个人健康选择很重要，因为错误的选择可能导致健康问题。A选项说个人健康选择能治愈大多数疾病，原文说的是可预防，不准确；B选项文章未提及；C选项个人自由不是强调个人健康选择重要的原因。30.To"liveacompletelysedentarylifestyle"(Para.1)inthepassagemeans______.A.to"liveaninactivelife"B.to"liveadecentlife"C.to"livealifewithcompletefreedom"D.to"livealifeofvice"答案：A。“sedentary”意思是“久坐的，不爱活动的”，“liveacompletelysedentarylifestyle”就是过一种不活动的生活，A选项正确。B选项“过体面的生活”；C选项“过完全自由的生活”；D选项“过罪恶的生活”都不符合。31.Soundpersonalhealthchoiceisoftendifficulttomakebecause______.A.currentmedicalknowledgeisstillinsufficientB.therearemanyfactorsinfluencingourdecisionsC.fewpeoplearewillingtotradethequalityoflifeforthequantityoflifeD.peopleareusuallyinfluencedbythebehavioroftheirfriends答案：B。文章提到“Amultitudeoffactors,bothinheritedandenvironmental,influencethedevelopmentofhealth-relatedbehaviors”，说明有很多因素影响我们关于健康行为的决策，所以做出合理的个人健康选择往往很困难。A选项文章未提及医学知识不足；C选项文章没有说人们不愿意用生活质量换寿命；D选项朋友的影响只是其中一个因素，不全面。32.AccordingtoFriesandCrapointhepassage,livingahealthylifeis______.A.statisticallyprobableB.apersonaldecisionC.beyondcomparisonsD.asocialresponsibility答案：B。文章说“thedecisiontoadoptaparticularhealth-relatedbehaviorisusuallyoneofpersonalchoice”以及“personalhealthchoicesshouldreflectthosebehaviorsthatareassociatedwithastatisticalprobabilityofincreasedvitalityandlongevity”，说明过健康的生活是个人的决定，B选项正确。A选项统计概率只是用来描述健康行为和寿命的关系；C选项与原文不符；D选项文章未提及社会责任。Passage2Theimportanceandfocusoftheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcastjournalistarereflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthesebooks,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin,butnotlimitedto,journalismandbroadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts,stressthe"howto"aspectsofjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview,itscontext,andimplications.Muchofthe"howto"materialisbasedonpersonalexperiencesandgeneralimpressions.Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismandbroadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresentthetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellasthetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodernWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinapositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherformofinterviewing.Mostofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosisandtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Anotherfamiliarsituationisthejobinterview.However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers.Evenso,trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.33.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat______.A.generalizedprinciplesforjournalisticinterviewsarethechiefconcernforwritersonjournalismB.importanceshouldbeattachedtothesystematicstudyofjournalisticinterviewingC.conceptsandcontextualimplicationsareofsecondaryimportancetojournalisticinterviewingD.personalexperiencesandgeneralimpressionsshouldbeexcludedfromjournalisticinterviews答案：B。第一段指出很多关于新闻采访的书注重“如何做”方面，而基于专业实践的系统研究能让我们学到很多东西，能总结出广泛的普遍原则，所以强调了对新闻采访进行系统研究的重要性，B选项正确。A选项文章未说普遍原则是主要关注点；C选项不是第一段主要意思；D选项文章未提及要排除个人经验和一般印象。34.Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneral______.A.sothetrainingofjournalisticinterviewershaslikewisebeenstrengthenedB.thoughthestudyoftheinterviewingtechniqueshasn'treceivedmuchattentionC.butjournalisticinterviewingasaspecificfieldhasunfortunatelybeenneglectedD.andtherehasalsobeenadramaticgrowthinthestudyofjournalisticinterviewing答案：C。第二段提到“manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten”，但“thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview”，说明关于一般采访有很多研究，但新闻采访这个特定领域被忽视了，C选项正确。A选项文章未提及新闻采访者培训加强；B选项与原文不符，很多关于采访的研究涉及采访技巧；D选项与原文说的新闻采访研究少相悖。35.Westernersarefamiliarwiththejournalisticinterview,______.A.butmostofthemwishtostayawayfromitB.andmanyofthemhopetobeinterviewedsomedayC.andmanyofthemwouldliketoacquireatrueunderstandingofitD.butmostofthemmaynothavebeeninterviewedinperson答案：D。第二段说“veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers”，说明西方人熟悉新闻采访，但大多数人可能没有亲身被采访过，D选项正确。A选项文章未提及人们想远离；B选项文章未提及人们希望被采访；C选项文章未提及人们想真正了解。36.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof______.A.anewsarticleB.aprefaceC.aresearchreportD.ajournalisticinterview答案：B。文章最后说“trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates”，说明这可能是一本书的前言，引导读者去深入了解新闻采访，B选项正确。A选项新闻文章一般时效性强，内容更侧重新闻事件；C选项研究报告更注重研究方法和结果；D选项这不是新闻采访的内容。写作部分题目Somepeoplethinkthatuniversitiesshouldnotprovidetheoreticalknowledge,buttogivepracticaltrainingbenefittosociety.Doyouagreeordisagree?范文Inmodernsociety,theissueofwhetheruniversitiesshouldfocusonpracticaltrainingratherthantheoreticalknowledgehassparkedaheateddebate.Whilepracticaltrainingindeedhasitsadvantages,Ifirmlybelievethatuniversitiesshouldnotneglecttheimportanceoftheoreticalknowledge.Admittedly,practicaltrainingofferedbyuniversitiescanbringaboutseveralbenefits.Firstly,itcanenhancestudents'employability.Intoday'shighlycompetitivejobmarket,employersoftenprefercandidateswhopossesspracticalskills.Byreceivingpracticaltraininginuniversities,studentscangainhands-onexperience,whichmakesthemmorecompetitivewhenapplyingforjobs.Forexample,studentsmajoringincomputersciencewhohaveparticipatedinreal-worldsoftwaredevelopmentprojectsduringtheiruniversityyearsaremorelikelytobehiredbysoftwarecompaniesthanthosewhoonlyhavetheoreticalknowledge.Secondly,practicaltrainingcancontributetothedevelopmentofsociety.Whenstudentsapplythepracticalskillstheyhavelearnedinuniversitiestotheirfuturework,theycansolvereal-worldproblemsmoreeffectively.Forinstance,engineeringstudentswhohavepracticalexperienceinbuildingbridgesordesigningmachinescanmakesignificantcontributionstoinfrastructureconstructionandtechnologicalinnovation.However,theoreticalknowledgeisalsoindispensableinuniversities.Theoreticalknowledgeformsthefoundationofalldisciplines.Itprovidesstudentswithacomprehensiveunderstandingofthefundamentalconcepts,principles,andtheoriesintheirfieldsofstudy.Withoutasolidtheoreticalfoundation,studentsmayfinditdifficulttounderstandcomplexpracticalproblemsanddevelopinnovativesolutions.Forexample,inthefieldofphysics,theoreticalknowledgesuchasNewton'slawsandEinstein'stheoryofrelativityisessentialforunderstandingthephysicalworldandconductingscientificresearch.Moreover,theoreticalknowledgecanstimulatestudents'criticalthinkingandcreativity.Bystudyingtheoreticalknowledge,studentsareexposedtodifferentperspectivesandideas,whichcanbroadentheirhorizonsandinspirethemtothinkindependently.Thisiscrucialforthedevelopmentofnewtheoriesandtechnologies.Forexample,inthefieldofliterature,studyingliterarytheoriescanhelpstudentsanalyzeandappreciateliteraryworksfromdifferentangles,andevencreatetheirownuniqueliteraryworks.Inconclusion,whilepracticaltraininghasitsmeritsinimprovingstudents'employabilityandbenefitingsociety,universitiesshouldnotabandontheoreticalknowledge.Instead,universitiesshouldstrikeabalancebetweentheoreticalknowledgeandpracticaltraining,sothatstudentscannotonlyacquirepracticalskillsbutalsobuildasolidtheoreticalfoundation,whichwillenablethemtomakegreatercontributionstosocietyinthefuture.听力部分（由于文本形式限制，仅给出题目及答案思路）SectionAConversationsConversation137.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewproject.B.Ajobinterview.C.Atrainingprogram.答案：B。在对话中，两人围绕其中一人即将参加的工作面试展开交流，提到了面试的时间、可能会被问到的问题等，所以选B。38.Whatadvicedoesthemangivetothewoman?A.Todressformally.B.Toarriveearly.C.Topreparesomequestions.答案：C。男人建议女人准备一些问题在面试时问面试官，如关于公司未来发展方向等问题，所以选C。Conversation239.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Inasupermarket.答案：B。从对话中可以听到提到了房间号、退房等信息，说明是在酒店发生的对话，选B。40.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Tochangeherroom.B.Tocheckout.C.Toorderroomservice.答案：B。女人明确表示她要退房，选B。SectionBPassagesPassage141.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thehistoryofafamouspark.B.Thefeaturesofanaturalreserve.C.Theactivitiesinatouristattraction.答案：B。文章主要介绍了一个自然保护区的地理环境、动植物种类等特征，所以选B。42.Howmanykindsofbirdsarethereinthereserve?A.About100.B.About200.C.About300.答案：C。文中明确提到保护区里大约有300种鸟类，选C。Passage243.Whatisthepurposeoftheresearch?A.Tofindouttherelationshipbetweensleepandhealth.B.Tostudytheeffectofdifferentdietsonweight