专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷14（共215题）

专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷14(共

9套)

(共215题)

专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷第1套

一、选择题(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)

(1)Theideaofcreatingasystemthatallowstheunderprivilegedtheopportunitytobreak

thecycleandachievesomethingispraiseworthy.Soitneverceasestoamazeinehow

somethingsonoblecanbesoblatantlyabusedandtheoffendersareabletogetawaywith

it.(2)1liveinacountry——theonlycountry,Imightadd——thatwascolonisedthroughan

actofdiplomacyandnotforce.Thecitizensofthecountrybecamemembersofthe

BritishEmpirebyscratchinginkonthepaperofapoorlytranslatedtreatythat

disadvantagedthemfromthebeginning.AllbecauseofsomegreedyBritswantedto

tradelandforglassbeads,tobaccoandblankets.(lnsomeways,thistreatyprotectedthe

nativesfromsomeprettynastyscams,butonlysothatthegovernmentcouldscamthe

tribesthemselves).Thethirdarticleofthistreatyallowedthe"natives"(althoughtheir

claimtobenativeofthelandinquestionisdubiousinitself-theyweremerelythere

beforetheBritish)alltherightsandbenefitsofasubjectundertheruleofHerMajesty

QueenVictoria.Thehistorylessonisnearlyover-bearwithme,itisrelevant.(3)The

rightsandbenefitsofbecomingamemberoftheBritishEmpireincludedthebanningof

thenativelanguagetobetaughtinschoolsandusedtocommunicateinpublic.The

savagesweretobetamed.Foracountrysoprogressivethatgavewomenthevote10

yearsbeforetherestofthsworld(ifonlytocallapolitician'sbluff),thiswasabarbaric

act.Buttheseactsofnaturalisation,andreparationhavesincebeencarriedoutbythe

governmentforthelast50-75years,allowingthenativesextrarightsandbenefitsasto

soothetheindignitydonetotheirancestors.Nowaconsiderablenumberofthe

"disenfranchised"liveonasocialwelfarebenefitfromthegovernment,andcanafford

cableTV,allthelatestmod-consandafasttrackintothegoodlifeofhigher

education(allsubsidised,ofcourse)inthename,notofaffirmativeaction-althoughit

is—butofracialappeasement.NowIcouldtalkaboutsomeoftheblindprivilegesthat

comewiththis,butIwillsavethatessayforanotherday.ThetopicIwishtoaddress

todayarethosewhoarebornwithsilverspoonsintheirmouthsthatclaimthesebenefits

withoutbattinganeyelid.(4)Inordertoclaimanumberofthesebenefits,oneneedonly

l/16thofnativebloodinone'sfamilytobeconsidered"native".Soyouhaveblond­

hairedblue-eyed"natives'*thathavenoclueoftheirwhakapapa,letalonecanspeakthe

language.Theseyoungopportunistscomefromupperclassfamilies.Theywenttothe

bestprivateschools,andfbrbirthdays,mummyanddaddydearestsentthemaroundthe

worldtoseehistoryandwhatrealcultureis.Thesebrightyoungthingshavetrustfunds

amountingtotensofthousandsthattheywillgetwhentheyturn21.They'reonafirst

namebasiswithall(hehotshotcompanydirectorsandpoliticians,andtheystillhavethe

audacitytoclaim-andreceive—thescholarshipsandbenefitstheirlessfortunate

counterpartsdeserve.(5)Thisiswherethe"blindeye"ofprivilegeamazesme.As

Betacandy'sfirstpostsobeautifullysetsout-privilegeissomethinggivenorassumedso

oftenthatasetofactionsandexpectationsarebuiltupandbecomeanormalattitudeto

associatewithspecificpractices,racesandgender.Theselectionprocessassuresusthat

equalopportunitiesareaffordedtoeachapplicant(thatassertionisworthanotherwhole

rantinitselQ.Howcanthecloseexaminationofeachapplicant-theirachievementsand

background-allowsuchagrossabuseofprivilegetotakeplace?Thisismerelyone

countrywhereithappens.andIcouldgoonforeveronthissubject.(6)Theprivilegedare

simplythat-privileged.Whatgivesthemtherighttotakeforthemselvesthe

opportunitiesofferedtothosewhocannotaffordtopayfortheexperienceinthefirst

place?Somebody,please,answermethis.

1、Therewasa"poorlytranslated"treatybecause.

ANtheBritsdidn'ttakeitseriously

B、theBritsintendeditasascam

C^thenativesweremostlyunabletoreadorwrite

D、thenativeswereguaranteedwhattheywanted

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据题干中的poorlytranslatedtreaty定位到第2段第2句和第3句。

第3句的becauseof表明了原因，再加上第3句后括号里的附加信息，可以确定本

题应选B。

2、Whatdoestheauthorthinkabouttheblond-hairedblue-eyed"natives"?

A、Theyareproudofbeingnatives.

B、Theyareashamedoftheiiidentity.

C^Theirfamilyoriginishardtotraceback.

D^Theydon'tknowabouttheirfamilyorigin.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据题干中的blond-hairedblue一eyed定位到第5段第2句。虽然我

们不知道该句中的whakapapa是什么，但上一句提到的1/16thofnativeblood和这

一句的letalonecanspeakthelanguage可以推断这金发碧眼的所谓的“印第安人”对

于其宣称的印第安祖先的语言、文化是一无所知的，可见，本题应选D。

3、Accordingtothefifthparagraph,theauthorthinksthatthe"selection

process".

A、offersequalopportunitytoeachapplicant

B、closelyexamineseachapplicant

C、allowsagrossabuseofprivileges

D、neglectsachievementsandbackground

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第5段第3句中的assures表明该句提到的是政府对享受优惠的对象

进行的筛选过程的态度，而下一句疑问句的形式表示作者对此筛选过程的质疑，在

这两句中，selectionprocess和closeexamination是同一回事，可见，第4句中作者

对closeexamination的质疑也就是对selectionprocess的质疑，因此,本题应选C。

A和B不是作者对selectionprocess的态度，而是政府对selectionprocess的立场。

D中的neglecl缺乏原文依据。

(l)YellowstoneNationalParkisinthewesternstateofWyoming.Itisoneofthemost

unusualplacesin(hewuild.Extiemelyliotwalershootsoutofthegroundinseveral

hundredplaces.Smalllakescontainwaterthatissohoiitisdangeroustocometooclose.

(2)Visitorscanwatchbubblescomingupthroughboilinghotmud.Theycanseerocks

thatwereonceliquidandhavecooledintostrangeshapes.(3)Yellowstoneisbuiltonan

ancientvolcano.Alakeofhotliquidrockisaboutsixkilometersunderthepark.This

lakeisaboutsixty-fivckilometerswide.Expertssaythislakeisunderhugeamountsof

pressure.Thepressureandheatcausehotwatertoshootoutofthegroundandmudto

boilatYellowstone.(4)YellowstoneNationalParkistheoldestnationalparkinthe

world.Aboutthreemillionpeoplevisititeachyear.Itsgreatnaturalbeautyhasmadeit

oneofthemostpopularnationalparks.(5)Mostvisitorsliketosee"OldFaithful,"the

world'smostfamousgeyser.Ageysershootshotwaterhighintotheair.Therearemore

thanthreehundredgeysersinYellowstone.(6)OldFaithfulisnotthebiggestorthemost

beautifulgeyser.Butitisthemostpopular.VisitorsgatheraroundOldFaithfulbefore

eacheruption.Expertsattheparkareabletopredictwhenthesewillhappen.Theaverage

timebetweeneruptionsisaboutninetyminutes.OldFaithfulshootswateranaverageof

fortymetersintotheair.Thiseruptionlastsbetweentwoandfiveminutes.OldFaithful

releasesuptoaboutthirtythousandlitersofwaterintotheaireachtime.(7)Thehotspot

deepunderthegroundproducesgeyserslikeOldFaithful.OldFaithfulisevidenceofthe

volcanicactivityatYellowstone.ButwilltheYellowstonevolcanoeruptagain?Most

expertsthinktheanswerisyes.Butnooneknowswhen.Themostrecentofthethree

extremelypowerfuleruptionswasaboutsixhundredfiftythousandyearsago.(8)Experts

sayatleastthirtysmallervolcaniceruptionshavetakenplaceatYellowstone.Someof

thesewereperhapsasbigasthenineteenninety-oneeruptionatMountPinatubointhe

Philippines.Severalarebelievedtohavebeenmuchlarger.Themostrecentofthese

smallereruptionstookplaceaboutseventythousandyearsago.(9)Volcanoexpertssayit

isextremelydifficulttotellwhenYellowstonemightbecomeanactivevolcanoagain.

However,earthquakesnearavolcanoarcusuallygoodevidencethatavolcanomight

becomeactiveagain.Forexample,MountSaintHelensinthenorthwesternstateof

Washingtonexplodedinnineteeneighty.Severalearthquakestookplacenearthevolcano

beforethattime.Onthemorningthatitexploded,MountSaintHelensexperiencedan

earthquakeoffivepointoneontheRichterscale.(10)YellowstoneNationalPark

experiencesseveralthousandearthquakeseachyear.Mostareverysmall.Theycannotbe

felt.Theycanonlybemeasuredbyscientificinstruments.However,inAugustof

nineteenfifty-nine,anearthquakeatYellowstonemeasuredsevenpointfiveonthe

Richterscale.Twenty-eightpeoplewerekilled.(1l)Itwasoneofthestrongest

earthquakeseverrecordedintheUnitedStates.ButYellowstone'ssleepinggiantvolcano

didnoterupt.(12)Intwothousandone,theUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey,

YellowstoneNationalParkandtheUniversityofUtahsignedanagreement.(13)That

agreementestablishedtheYellowstoneVolcanoObservatory.Undertheagreement,the

park,theGeologicalSurveyandtheuniversityareresponsibleforimprovingeffortsto

studythevolcanicsystemofYellowstone.(14)Theobservatoryusesinformationfrom

manydifferentinstrumentsonthegroundandfromsatellitestostudythevolcano.The

informationwillhelpofficialswarnthepubliconceifYellowstone'shugevolcanoshows

anysignoferuption.(15)ExpertsattheobservatorysayYellowstonerepresentssome

dangertothepublic.Italwayshas.However,itsnaturalbeautyalsomakesitatreasure

thatcouldnotbepossiblewithoutthesleepinggiantvolcanothatisunderYellowstone

NationalPark.

4、TheOldFaithfulshowsthatthevolcanicactivityatYellowstoneis.

A、constant

B、perilous

C、inactive

D^unstable

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干中专有名词OldFaithful定位到第5段至第7段。本题实际

上考查哪个选项符合原文对OldFaithful的描述。第6段提到OldFaithful的喷发时

间很稳定，可以预测，因此应选A,而题干中的volcanicactivityatYellowstone

属于强干扰内容，如果只考虑到“火山活动”，很可能会误选其他选项。

5、WhatistrueaboutthevolcaniceruptioninYellowstone?

A、Expertspredictthatvolcaniceruptionisunlikelytohappenrecently.

B、Thereareatleast30smallvolcaniceruptionseveryyear.

C、ThevolcaniceruptionscanbecomparedtothatatMountPinatubo.

D、Therehavebeenthreeextremelypowerfulvolcaniceruptionssofar.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据题干中的volcaniceruptioninYclowstone定位到第7至9段。从

第7段最后一句可推断D的说法正确。最具干扰性的是C,将其与第8段第2句相

比，可发现原文该句开头的Someofthese是指“一些较小规模的火山喷发"，这与C

的主语Thevolcaniceruptions所指范围显然不同。

6、WhatdotheexpertsfindoutaboutthevolcanoatYellowstone?

A、Itseruptioniscloselyrelatedtotheearthquakesnearby.

B、Thestrongeranearthquakenearbyis,themorepossiblyiterupts.

C、Earthquakesnearbyareuselessinregardtothepredictionofitseruption.

D、Itseruptionhasnothingtodowiththeearthquakesnearby.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查volcano与earthquake的关系，定位到第9至11段。第10

段最后两句和第11段表明黄石公园的火山是否爆发与地震没有关系。虽然第9段

第2句表明地震和火山密切相关，但要注意本题询问的只是“黄石国家公园的火

山

7、Whichofthefollowingquestionhasbeenillustratedinthepassage?

A^WhyistheOldFaithfulthemostpopulargeyser?

B、Howistheformationofgeysersrelatedtovolcanoes?

C、WhatmakesYellowstoneanationaltreasure?

D、WhatcausesMountSaintHelenstoeruptin1980?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题实际上为主旨大意题。本文开始介绍了黄石国家公园最著名的问

歇泉TheOldFaiihful,然后以此引出“火山”这个话题，这个话题一直延续到文章末

尾，根据对文章结构几个部分内容的分析可确定本题应选Bo

(l)WhcnScroogeawokeitwassodark,that,lookingoutofbed,hecouldscarcely

distinguishthetransparentwindowfromtheopaquewallsofhischamber.Hewas

endeavouringtopiercethedarknesswithhisferreteyes,whenthechimesofa

neighbouringchurchstruckthefourquarters.Sohelistenedforthehour.(2)Tohisgreat

astonishment,theheavybellwentonfromsixtoseven,andfromseventoeight,and

regularlyuptotwelve;thenstopped.Twelve!Itwaspasttwowhenhewenttobed.The

clockwaswrong.Aniciclemusthavegotintotheworks.Twelve!(3)Hetouchedthe

springofhisrepeater,tocorrectthismostpreposterousclock.Itsrapidlittlepulsebeat

twelve,andstopped."Why,itisn'tpossible,"saidScrooge,"thatIcanhavesleptthrough

awholedayandfarintoanothernight.Itisn'tpossiblethatanythinghashappenedtothe

sun,andthisistwelveatnoon!"(4)Theideabeinganalarmingone,hescrambledoutof

bed,andgropedhiswaytothewindow.Hewasobligedtorubthefrostoffwiththe

sleeveofhisdressing-gownbeforehecouldseeanything;andcouldseeverylittlethen.

Allhecouldmakeoutwas,thatitwasstillveryfoggyandextremelycold,andthatthere

wasnonoiseofpeoplerunningtoandfro,andmakingagreatstir,asthere

unquestionablywouldhavebeenifnighthadbeatenoffbrightday,andtakenpossession

oftheworld.Thiswasagreatrelief,because"ThreedaysaftersightofthisFirstof

ExchangepaytoMr.EbenezerScroogeorhisorder,"andsoforth,wouldhavebecomea

mereUnitedStatessecurityiftherewerenodaystocountby.(5)Scroogewenttobed

agnin,andthought,andthought,andrhonghtitoverandover,andcouldmakenothingof

it.Themorehethought,themoreperplexedhewas;and,themoreheendeavourednotto

think,themorehethought.(6)Marley'sGhostbotheredhimexceedingly.Everytimehe

resolvedwithinhimself,aftermatureenquiry,thatitwasalladrcam,hismindflewback

again,likeastrongspringreleased,toitsfirstposition,andpresentedthesameproblem

tobeworkedallthrough,"Wasitadreamornot?"(7)Scroogelayinthisstateuntilthe

chimehadgonethree-quartersmore,whenheremembered,onasudden,thattheGhost

hadwarnedhimofavisitationwhenthebelltolledone.Heresolvedtolieawakeuntilthe

hourwaspassed;and,consideringthathecouldnomoregotosleepthangotoheaven,

thiswas,perhaps,thewisestresolutioninhispower.(8)Thequarterwassolong,thathe

wasmorethanonceconvincedhemusthavesunkintoadozeunconsciously,andmissed

theclock.Atlengthitbrokeuponhislisteningcar.(9)"Ding,dong!'*(10)"Aquarter

past,"saidScrooge,counting.(Il)"Ding,dong!"(12)"Halfpast,"saidScrooge.

(13)HDing,dong!"(14)"Aquartertoit,"saidScrooge.(15)HDing,dong!"(16)"Thehour

itself,"saidScroogetriumphantly,"andnothingelse!"(17)Hespokebeforethehourbell

sounded,whichitnowdidwithadeep,dull,hollow,melancholyONE.Lightflashedup

intheroomupontheinstant,andthecurtainsofhisbedweredrawn.(18)Thecurtainsof

hisbedweredrawnaside.Itellyou,byahand.Notthecurtainsathisfeet,northe

curtainsathisback,butthosetowhichhisfacewasaddressed.Thecurtainsofhisbed

weredrawnaside;andScrooge,startingupintoahalf-recumbentattitude,foundhimself

facetofacewiththeunearthlyvisitorwhodrewthem:asclosetoitasIamnowtoyou,

andIamstandinginthespiritatyourelbow.

8、ItwasmostalarmingtoScroogethat.

A、hehadsleptforawholeday

B、therewasanicicleintheclock

C、hemightneverseethesunagain

D、itwasnoonbutitwasdarkoutside

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据题干中的alarming一词可定位到第4段第1句。该句中的the

idea应该是指上一段最后一句的那个想法，D与此句内容最为相近。如确定了

Scrooge醒来时是中午12点，他只是从半夜睡到中午12点，A的说法就不正确

了；关于icicle—词，可在第2段末尾找到，该句中的musthavebeen表明这是一

个假设，并不是钟里面真的有icicle,可见B不对；C中的never...again缺乏

原文依据。

9、Marley'sGhostkeptScroogethinkingthat.

A、whathesawwasnothingbutadream

B、allthathappenedwasmorethanadrcam

C、springwouldcomesoon

D、springwouldnevercome

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据题干中的Marley'sGhost定位到第6段。该段最后一句Wasita

dreamornot?表明Scrooge总在想后遇到的一切是否只是梦，这也意味着他觉得那

一切不只是梦，因此，在A和B之间，B更贴近Scrooge的想法。

10、Ataquartertoone,Scroogemadeadecisionto.

A、lieawake

B、gotosleep

C、gotoheaven

D^regainhispower

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干中的aquartertoone定位到第7段。该段第2句开头的He

resolvedto与本题中的hemadeadecisionto为近义改写，显然，A就是原文

resolvedto后的内容，故A为答案。

二、简答题（本题共5题，每题1.0分，共5分。）

PASSAGEONE

11、Whatissueistheauthormostconcernedaboutinthispassage?

标准答案：Theabuseofprivileges.

知识点解析：本文的第1、2段是引入部分，主要问题在第3段到最后一段讨论，

根据这四段的内容来看，作者最关注的是优惠政策被某些人滥用的问题，第3段的

最后一句和第5段的倒数第二句都对作者想要讨论的问题作了概拈，第3段最后一

句的表达过长，不符合本部分的答题要求，所以最好能利用第5段倒数第二句提到

的abuseofprivileges作为本题答案。

12、Whichparagraphappearsleastconcernedwiththethemeofthepassage?

标准答案：Paragraph2.

知识点解析：正如回答上题所作的分析指出，本文的第1、2段是引入部分，主要

介绍印第安人的历史，还没进入主题，这一点从第2段最后一句就可以知道。主要

问题从第3段才开始讨论。虽然第2段与其他四段所讲的内容也不无联系，但毕竟

它的关注点不是围绕“印第安人优惠政策被滥用”这个主题，因此，可以说第2段离

主题最远。

13、PASSAGETWO

标准答案：IftheYellowstonevolcanowilleruptagain./WhentheYellowstone

volcanowillerupt（again）.

知识点解析：第7段第3句和倒数第2段最后一句表明专家担忧的是黄石国家公园

的火山是否会再次爆发，或者说什么时候会再爆发，本题答案应表达出这种意思。

PASSAGETHREE

14^WhattimewasitwhenScroogewokeup?

标准答案：Twelveo'clockatnoon.

知识点解析：第1段最后一句表明Scrooge醒来后，听着教堂的钟声，想听听看是

几点了，第2段表明他听到钟声一直到第十二下才停了下来，这表明当时是12点

了；第3段最后一句（真实语气句）表明那是中午12点，而且第4段第3句中的if

nighthadbeatenoffbrightday这一虚拟语气句表明事实应与句中的假设相反。因

此，当时不是半夜，而是白天，综合来看，可确定当时应为中午12点。

15、Findingitwasquietoutside,whatdidScroogefeel?

标准答案：Hefeltreassured./Hewasrelieved.

知识点解析：本题答案在第4段第3、4句。该段第3句提到Scrooge发现街上仍

然很平静,第4句开头的Thiswasagreatrelief表明他对此感到安心了,故本题填

入Hefeltreassured./Hewasrelievedo

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷第2套

一、常规阅读理解（含5小题）（本题共20题，每题

L0分,共20分。）

Creationistsaredeeplyenamoredofthefossilrecord,becausetheyhavebeentaughtto

repeatoverandoverthatitisfullof"gaps'*:"Showmeyour'intermediates*!"They

fondlyimaginethatthese"gaps"areanembarrassmenttoevolutionists.Actually,we

don'tneedfossils.Theevidenceforevolutionwouldbeentirelysecureevenifnota

singlecorpsehadeverfossilized,forthereismorethanenoughevidenceforthefactof

evolutioninthecomparativestudyofmodernspeciesandtheirgeographicaldistribution.

Thecaseforevolutioniswatertightwithoutfossils,soitisparadoxicaltousegapsinthe

fossilrecordasthoughtheywereevidenceagainstevolution.Whatwouldbeevidence

againstevolutionwouldbethediscoveryofevenasinglefossilinthewronggeological

stratum.AsJ.B.S.Haldanefamouslyretortedwhenaskedtonameanobservationthat

woulddisprovethetheoryofevolution,''FossilrabbitsinthePrecambri-an!HNosuch

rabbits,noauthenticallyanachronisticfossilsofanykind,haveeverbeenfound.Allthe

fossilsthatwchave,andtherearcmanyindeed,occur,withoutasingleauthenticated

exception,intherighttemporalsequence.Yes,therearegapswheretherearenofossils

atall,andthatisonlytobeexpected.Butnotasinglesolitaryfossilhaseverbeenfound

beforeitcouldhaveevolved.Thatisaverytellingfact.Agoodtheoryisonethatis

vulnerabletodisproof,yetisnotdisproved.Evolutioncouldsoeasilybedisprovedifjust

asinglefossilturnedupinthewrongdateorder.Evolutionhaspassedthistestwith

flyingcolors.Skepticsofevolutionwhowishtoprovetheircaseshouldbediligently

scrabblingaroundintherocks,desperatelytryingtofindanachronisticfossils.Maybe

they'llfindone.Wantabet?Thebiggestgap,andtheonethecreationistslikebestofall,

istheonethatprecededtheso-calledCambrianExplosion.Alittlemorethanhalfa

billionyearsago,intheCambrianera,mostofthegreatanimalphyla（门类）"suddenly”

appearinthefossilrecord.Suddenly,thatis,inthesensethatnofossilsoftheseanimal

groupsareknowninrocksolderthantheCambrian,notsuddenlyinthesenseof

instantaneously;theperiodwearetalkingaboutcoversabout20millionyears.Anyv/ay,

itisstillquitesudden.AndtheCambrianshowsusasubstantialnumberofmajoranimal

phyla"alreadyinanadvancedstateofevolution,theveryfirsttimetheyappear.Itisas

thoughtheywerejustplantedthere,withoutanyevolutionaryhistory."Evolutionistsof

allstripesbelieve,however,thatthisreallydoesrepresentaverylargegapinthefossil

record.Ontheevolutionaryview,aretheresofewfossilsbeforetheCambrianera?Well,

presumably,whateverfactorsappliedtotheflatwomis（扁虫）throughoutgeologicaltime

tothisday,thosesamefactorsappliedtotherestoftheanimalkingdombeforethe

Cambrian.Probably,mostanimalsbeforetheCambrianweresoft-bodiedlikemodem

flatworms,probablyrathersmalllikemodernturbellarians（涡虫类）一justnotgoodfossil

material.Thensomethinghappenedhalfabillionyearsagotoallowanimalstofossilize

freely-thearisingofhard,mineralizedskeletons,torexample.

1、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,wecanlearnthat.

theevolutionistsdonotadmitthatthereare"gaps"inthefossilrecord

B、evolutionistsgreatlyrelyonthefossilrecordtodetecttheevolutiontrace

C、studiesofmodernspeciesandtheirgeographicaldistributioncansupportthe

evolutiontheory

D^theevolutiontheorycannotbeestablishedwithoutthefossilrecord

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理题。由题干定位到第一段，该段介绍了造物论者认为化石链的断

裂可以反驳进化论，而进化论者认为并不需要依靠化石提供的信息来说明进化论的

正确性，现代科学进行的物种及其地理分布方面的比较研究也能提供充分的依据证

明进化论的正确性，可见［C］符合文意。［A『进化论者不承认有化石链断裂的现象

存在“，［B『进化论者在很大程度上依靠化石来寻找进化痕迹”，没有化石提供

证据，进化理论就不成立“，这三项均与文意相悖，故都排除。

2、The"tellingfact"inParagraph2referstothefactthat.

A、nofossilhaseverbeenfoundbeforeitcouldhaveevolved

B>therearegapswheretherearenofossilsatall

C、therehasbeennostrongevidenceagainstevolutiontheory

D、afossilbelongingto(hewrongdateordercandisproveevolution

标准答案：A

知识点解析：语义题。由题干定位到第二段第六句和第七句"Butnotasinglesolitary

fossilhaseverbeenfoundbeforeitcouldhaveevolved.That,isaverytellingfact.”

我们可以看出第七句的ihal是指代前一句的内容，所以［A］是符合文意的。［B『存

在完全没有化石记录的叱石链断裂处”是进化论者意料之中的，并不是能反驳该理

论的atellingfact所指，不符合题干的要求，故排除［B］；［C］”没有推翻进化论的证

据''是从aiellingfacl中推导出来的，故不选［C|；［D/一个出现在错误时间点上的

化石可以推翻进化论”也不是atellingfact所指，所以也排除。

3、AccordingtoParagraph3,thefollowingclaimsarccorrectEXCEPTthat.

A、noanimalphylaexistbeforetheCambrianera

B、CambrianExplosionisafossildiscovery

C、onlyfossilsofadvancedanimalphylahavebeenfoundyet

D、CambrianExplosionindicatesagapintheanimalphylafossilrecord

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：推理题。由题干定位到第三段第三句，'Suddenly,thatis,inthesense

thatnofossilsoftheseanimalgroupsareknowninrocksolderthantheCambriaru..”和

第五句”…majoranimalphyla'alreadyinanadvancedstateofevolution,theveryfirst

timetheyappear.“突然”是指没有发现这些动物早期进化阶段的化石，而是直接

发现了这类动物较高级进化阶段的化石，可见，［A］”在Cambrian之前没有动物门

类存在”不符合文意，故选［A］。［B］”寒武纪大爆炸是化石上的重大发现“，［C/只发

现了关于主要动物门类的高级进化阶段的化石“，［D『寒武纪大爆炸显示出化石链

上存在断裂的情况”，这三项都符合文意，故排除。

4、Ontheevolutionaryview,therearesofewfossilsbeforetheCambrianeraprobably

because.

A、somecomplexfactorsdestroyedtheevolutionaryprocess

B、somethinghappenedtopreventanimalsfromfossilizingfreelybeforetheCambrian

C^mostanimals'bodiesbeforetheCambrianweresoftandtoosmalltoformfossils

D、therewasreallyaverylargegapinthefossilrecord

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。本文最后一段第三句提到“可能在寒武纪以前，大多数动物

是像现在的扁虫那样的软体动物，大概像现在的涡虫类动物那样小，而不能构成好

的化石材料“，所以［C『在寒武纪以前大多数动物是软体动物，并且因太小不能形

成化石”正确。［AJ.［B］在文中都没有提到，属无中生有，故排除；［D］说的是事

实，但不是对原因的分析，也排除。

5、Inthepassage,theauthordoesNOT.

A、explainwhyevolutiontheoryhasnotbeendisproved

B、introducethebiggestgapinthefossilrecordtorefutethecreationists

C>encouragetheskepticsofevolutiontocollectevidenceagainstevolution

D、explainwhythefossilrecordisnottheonlyevidenceofevolution

标准答案：c.

知识点解析♦：主旨题。通观全文，文章第一段介绍化石并不是唯一的信息来源；第

二段介绍为H么到现在为止，还没有出现过权威认定的可.以挑战进化论的证据；第

三段介绍到目前为止发现的最大的一个化石链的断裂，并说明进化论者对这些“断

裂”的解释,由此可以排除［A］、［B］和［D］。虽然文章原句有“Maybethey'llfind

one”，但这并不能说明作者鼓励怀疑者搜集证据来反对进化论，故选［0。

Traditionally,weassociatetheearlyyearswithriskybehavior-butoneconsequenceof

therecessionappearstobeashiftintheway18-to34-year-oldshandlemoney.Affluent

mil-lennialsand30-somelhingssaytheirtoleranceforriskyinvestmentismuchlower

thanitwasayearago,rivaledonlybypeopleovertheageof65,accordingtoanew

studybyMerrillLynchGlobalWealthManagement."Ittrulyisagenerationalchange,"

saysDaveGeske,anexecutiveatAmeripriseFinancial."Themarketgotcutinhalf.

Housinggotcutinhalf.Peoplesawtheirassetclassesgetblownup.Avoidingriskmay

feelsensibletoagenerationwhosefinancialcoming-of-agchasbeenbookendedbythe

dotcombubbleandthesubprime-mortgagemeltdown.In2010,only41percentof18-to

29-year-oldsreportedworkingfulltime,comparedwith50percentin2006,accordingto

thePewResearchCenter.Millennialsweremorelikelytoreportlosingtheirjobsthan

workersovertheageof30,andmanyrecentcollegegraduateshavehadahardtime

findingatoeholdinatightlabormarket,evenasthenationalunemploymentraterose

Fridayto9.6percent.Ifthe18-to34-year-oldsfeelmerecautiousaboutinvesting,it's

partlybecausetheyhavelessmoneytospendandlittleeconomicsecurity.Inresponse,

financialfirmshavebegunadjustingtheirproducts.Target-dateretirementfundsfor

younginvestors,managedbymutual-fundgiantJohnHancock,recentlydecreased

exposuretostocksby10to15percent.Anecdotally,financialplannerssayyoungclients

arekeepingmorecashonhand,andonlinebankssuchasINCDirecthaverolledout

savingsaccountswithslightlyhigherinterestrates."Wereseeingpeopletrytoputbells

andwhistlesonveryconservativeinvestment,"saysDavidCarter,chiefinvestment

officeratLenoxAdvisors.Butinthelongterm,isitwisefor18-to34-year-oldstoavoid

stocks,loaduponbonds,andkeepmorecashintheirbankaccounts?Perhapsnot,ifthey

wanttolivecomfortablyinretirement."Youneedthegrowthpotentialofstocks,"says

ChristineBenz,directorcfpersonalfinanceforMorningstar,com."Investorscannot

expectthesamereturnsfrombondsandbondfunds.Onefeatureremainsthis

generation'sattitudetowardmoney.ThePewResearchCenter'sfindingsshowthat85

percentofadultsunder30feeloptimisticabouttheirfinancialfuture,comparedwit