Unit2Languagepoints（精讲课件）-八年级英语下册课件（人教版）

I’llhelptocleanthecityparks.单元知识点讲练Unit2Ihopetoworkoutside.我希望能外出工作。hopetodosth.希望做某事hope+that从句(that可省略)

e.g.IhopethatIcanpasstheexam.=Ihopetopasstheexam.Wehopetocometoyourschoolagain.Ihope

(that)shewillliketheflowers.【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。1)我妈妈希望我可以每天早上六点起床。Mymum___________________________________atsixeverymorning.2)我希望明天去露营。I_____________________onacamptomorrow.hopesIcangetuphopetogo常见的“动词+todosth.”结构有：agreetodosth.同意做某事decidetodosth.决定做某事refusetodosth.拒绝做某事remembertodosth.记得做某事forgettodosth.忘记做某事trytodosth.尽力做某事wanttodosth.想要做某事Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.你可以帮忙打扫城市公园。宾语是名词可位于clean和up之间，也可位于cleanup之后宾语是代词只能位于clean和up之间e.g.Theybegantocleanuptheclassroom/cleantheclassroomupaftertheclass.Theclassroomisdirty.Youneedtocleanitup.cleanup打扫(或清除)干净clean-upn.

打扫；清洁e.g.Wemustgiveourclassroomagoodclean-up.我们必须把教室好好打扫一下。

Inchina,peopleusually_________theirhousestoseepawayhadluckbeforeSpringFestival.A.CleanupB.lookupC.makeupD.putupAThegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.女孩可以去医院看望生病的小孩，让他们高兴起来。e.g.Thecrowdscheeredastheboyrantothefinishingline.Igivehimadrinktocheerhimup.Cheerup!Ihaveabetteridea.(表示对他人的鼓励)WeshouldcomeupwithagoodideatocheerSusanup/cheerupSusan.cheerv.欢呼；喝彩cheerup(使)变得更高兴；(使)振奋起来。是“动词+副词”结构。cheerup可有宾语，也可无宾语。人称代词作宾语时，必须放在cheer与up之间。【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。1)我们打算为中国运动员加油。Wearegoingto________Chineseplayers.2)Jenny现在很难过，我想去安慰一下她。Jennyissadnow.Iwantto___________________________.3)振作起来！咱们明天去公园吧。__________________!Let’sgototheparktomorrow.cheercheerherupCheerupTheboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.

男孩可以去食物库分发食物。e.g.Theteacheraskedmetogiveoutthebooks

/givethebooksout.Herearesomenotices.Pleasehelpmetogivethemout.giveout分发；散发。相当于handout，是“动词+副词”结构。give短语giveaway捐赠；赠给giveup放弃giveback归还【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。1)Nowmanycollegestudents___________advertisementstomakemoneyfortheirstudy.现在很多大学生为挣学费去发广告传单。2)They_____________withoutafight.

他们不战而降。3)He_____________hisbooksfornothing.他将书都无偿捐献了。4)I_____________________tohim.我将课本还给他了。giveoutgiveupgaveawaygavethetextbookback/gavebackthetextbookWeneedtocomeupwithaplanfortheCityParkClean-UpDay.我们需要为城市公园扫除日制定一个计划。e.g.Ihopeyoucancomeupwithabetterplanthanthis．Can’tyoucomeupwithabetterideacomeupwith

想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)。后面常跟idea,plan,answer等名词，相当于thinkup。【语境应用】用英语完成下列各句。(2020江苏淮安)

在七岁的时候，这个男孩经常想出一些有创意的想法。At______________7,theboyoften_____________somecreativeideas.theageofcameupwithcome的其他常用短语comeover过来；顺便来访；拜访comeout出来；开化；(书等)出版comein进来

comeon快点儿；加油cometrue实现

comeup走近；走上前来comedown下来 comefrom来自Let’smakesomenotices,too.我们再制作些通知。noticen.通知；通告；注意v.

注意到；意识到takethenoticeof…注意……，留意…….noticesth./sb.注意到某事/某人noticesb.dosth.注意到某人做了某事noticesb.doingsth.注意到某人正在做某事notice+that从句注意到……e.g.I’llputupanoticeaboutthemeeting.Aloudnoiseinthestreetcaughtthegirl’snotice.Don’ttakeanynoticeofwhatyoureadinthenewspaper.Sorry,Ididn'tnoticeyou.Shenoticedthattheoldmanyhadtroublebreathing.【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。1)

你注意到那些油画了吗？Didyou______________________2)

当你走过时，他没有注意到你。Hedidn’t_______________whenyouwalkedpast.3)

刘老师注意到他走进了教室。MissLiunoticedhim_____________intotheclassroom.4)

我注意到李娟正在那里弹钢琴。InoticedLiJuan______________thepianooverthere.noticethosepaintingsnoticeyouwalkplaying7.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.

他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。usedto曾……；曾经……。

在此表示过去一度存在但现在已经消失的某一特定的情形。作这一用法讲时，usedto常与be,have,live,stay,like,love等词的原形连用。e.g.SheusedtoliveinLondon.Heusedtoarrivelatelastyear,butnowhedoesn’t.Didyouusetosingwhenyoutookashowerusedtodosth.过去常常做某事(但现在不那样做了)e.g.Weusedtotakeriskswhenwewerechildren.我们是孩子的时候经常冒险。注意：

usedto的否定结构通常是didn’tuseto;在英式英语中也常用usednotto(缩写形式为usedn’tto)。e.g.Hedidn’tusetorealizetheimportance.Heusednottosmoke.be/getusedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事e.g.Myparentsareusedtolivinginthecity.我父母习惯住在城市里。beusedtosth.(=beusedfordoingsth.)被用来做某事(动词不定式表示目的)e.g.Teapotsareusedtomaketea.茶壶是用来泡茶的。【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。1)我过去常常和爷爷遛狗。I__________________thedogwithGrandpa.2)我能用你的给我妈妈打个吗？CanI______yourphone____________mymother3)他把那些卡片用作书签。He___________thosecards______bookmarks.4)我爷爷习惯了早起。Mygrandfather________________________upearly.usedtowalk

usetocall

used/usesas

is/getsusedtogetting8.Weshouldlistentothemandcareforthem.我们应该倾听他们，照顾他们。e.g.Thechildrenareoldenoughtocareforthemselves.Wouldyoucareforawalkcarefor照顾(=lookafter/takecareof)；

非常喜欢(=like/love)careabout关心；在意【语境应用】词语释义。Ican’tgotothecinemawithyoubecauseIhavetostayathomeandcareformysicksister.A.takecareB.likeC.worryaboutD.lookafterMarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.

河畔中学的MarioGreen和MaryBrown每周腾出几个小时来帮助他人。

HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.他每周六上午在一家动物医院做义工。each,every每个，各很多时候，两词可以互换使用，但意思略有差别：each形容词指两个或两个以上的人或物中的“每一个”，强调个体，用作代词时可与of连用Each

schoolhasitsownlibrary.每一所学校都有自己的图书馆。Eachofthecompaniessupportsalocalcharity.这些公司都各自资助一个当地的慈善组织。Hegavetwotoeach.他给了每人两个。代词every形容词指三个或三个以上的人或物中的“每一个”，强调整体，不能与of连用Every

childwasdressedinacostume.所有孩子都穿了演出服。被every和each修饰的名词或者each用作代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。注意：①

each不能与almost,nearly及not搭配使用，而every可以。e.g.Almosteverywindowwasbroken.Noteverystudentwentonholiday.②each不能用于否定句，在否定句中应用none。e.g.Noneofthebooksaremine.【语境应用】根据句意选用each或every填空。1)____________roomisclean.2)Therearemanytreeson_______sideoftheroad.3)_______oftheboyscanplaysoccer.Every/Eacheach

Each2.“It’shardwork,”hesays,butIwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.

“这活儿很难，”他说，“但是我想更多地了解如何照顾动物。”howtocareforanimals“疑问词+to不定式”，构成复合不定式结构，作介词about的宾语。英语中疑问代词what,who,which和疑问副词where,when,why,how等后面接动词不定式构成动词不定式短语，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等成分。e.g.Theydon’tknowwheretheycanbuildthenewhouse.=Theydon’tknowwheretobuildthenewhouse.他们不知道在哪里可以建新房。Ican'tdecidewhattodonext.我决定不下来下一步该做什么。注意：“疑问词+动词不定式”结构常用于tell,know,show,learn,teach,explain等后作宾语，此时该结构相当于一个宾语从句。它所表示的动作通常是未发生的动作，所以在转换成宾语从句时，通常加情态动词或用将来时态。e.g.Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.=Hedidn’tknowwhatheshouldsay.Iget

suchastrongfeelingofsatisfaction

whenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners’faces.

句意：每当我看到那些动物们好起来，还有他们主人脸上喜悦的表情，一种强烈的满足感便油然而生。when引导的时间状语从句getvt.产生，形成，常与feeling,idea等搭配

getlinkv.(系动词)变得，变成，后接形容词，表示体质、情绪、天气等方面的改变【语境应用】判断下列句子中get的词性及划线部分的意思。1)Doyougetthefeelingthatwe’renotwelcomehere2)It’sgettinghotternow.3)Hegotangrywithmeafterthat.4)Howdidyougetsuchanidea

getvt.

感觉

getlinkv.

变得热起来

getlinkv.

和……生气

getvt.

产生这样一个想法such形容词such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数so副词so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数名词前有many,much,few,little修饰时，要用so，不用such。such/soe.g.Sheissuchaprettygirl.=Sheissoprettyagirl.Ididn’trealizeIhadsomanyfriends.注意：“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”可与“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”进行转换。e.g.Sheissuchakindgirl.=Sheissokindagirl.助记such与so的用法名词前such，形副so，多多少少也用so。little很特殊，“小”用such“少”用so。satisfactionn.满足；满意（不可数）

令人满意或欣慰的事（可数）afeelingofsatisfaction满足感toone'ssatisfaction令某人满意的是e.g.Shesmiledinsatisfaction.

她满意的笑了。 Tohisparents’satisfaction,Tomalwaysfinisheshishomeworkbyhimself.

令他父母满意的是，Tom总是自己完成作业。【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。1)She___________________________________(对我们的工作不满意)

andmadeusstartover.2)Ican________________________(得到极大的满足)fromhelpingotherpeople.3)Allthisinformationwasnotenoughto______________(使我满意).wasn’t

satisfiedwithourworkgetgreatsatisfactionsatisfymesatisfyv.使满足；使满意satisfiedadj.满足的；满意的besatisfiedwith=bepleasedwith对……满意satisfyingadj.令人满意的Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.

在四岁时，她就能够独自读书了。e.g.Hecouldflyakiteattheageofsix.=Hecouldflyakitewhenhewassix(yearsold).attheageof在……岁时attheageof+基数词,相当于when引导的时间状语从句,该从句多用过去时。【语境应用】I.单项选择。_________theageoffive,Katewenttoschool.A.OnB.AtC.InD.ForBII.改为同义句。MybrotherwenttostudyinBeijingwhenhewas19yearsold.MybrotherwenttostudyinBeijing________________________________19.

attheageofLastyear,shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.去年，她决定参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者选拔。e.g.WhydidyoudecidetotryoutfortheOlympicsTrytheshoesonbeforeyoubuythem.Shetriedherbesttosolvetheproblem.tryout参加……选拔；试用当意思是参加……选拔时常用介词for连用。try短语tryon

试穿(衣物)

tryone’sbesttodosth.

尽力做某事【语境应用】I.单项选择。1)Thecoatlooksverynice.CanI_______(2020黑龙江绥化)A.tryitonB.tryonitC.trythemonII.根据汉语意思完成句子。1)They’re____________anewpresenter(主持人)fortheshow.2)She_____________togetitdoneontime.她竭尽全力按时把它完成了。AtryingouttriedherbestVolunteering

hereisadreamcometrueforme.在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。本句是一个动名词作主语的句子。单个的动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。adreamcometrue梦想成为现实；梦想成真e.g.Playingfootballisfunforme.Ridingbicycle

helpsustokeephealthy.Igotthelatestbookofmyfavoriteauthorasabirthdaypresentyesterday.Itwasjustadreamcometrue.IcandowhatIlovetodoandhelpothersatthesametime.我可以做我所喜欢的事情，同时还可以帮助他人。whatIlovetodo作do的宾语，构成宾语从句e.g.IwanttotellyouwhatIhear.我想把听到的情况告诉你。I’lldowhatIcan.我将尽力而为。

Forexample,wecanmakeplaystovisitsickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.e.g.Theyare

raising

moneyfordisabledkids.Theboxistooheavy;Ican’t

raise

it.Theboy

raised

hisheadandlookedatme.He

raises

chickensandpigsonhisfarm.raisev.

募集;征集常用作及物动词，①后接钱时，表示“筹集；征集”；②“举起；抬起”；③“饲养；养育”。rise

vi.(事物自身)上升，升起；(人自己)站起来，起床e.g.Thesunrisesintheeast.Thepriceofgasisrisingthesedays.

Theoldmanrosefromthewoodenchair.JaneroseverylatethismorningandmissedthetraintoBeijing.【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。1)

如果你知道正确答案，请举手。Please______________ifyouknowtherightanswer.2)

我们将尽最大的努力为那个生病的女孩筹款。Wewilltryourbest______________forthatsickgirl.3)

为了能独自抚养孩子们，Green太太一直努力工作。Mrs.Greenalwaysworkshardto____________________byherself.raiseyourhandtoraisemoneyraiseherchildren/kids

Iwanttotravelalone.e.g.Helikeslivingalone.aloneadv.

独自;单独在句中作状语，相当于byoneself。注意：alone只有；仅仅。用在名词或代词之后e.g.Healoneunderstandsme.lonely/alonelonelyadj.孤单的；寂寞可作表语也可作定语，强调心理状态和主观感受，突出感到孤独和寂寞。aloneadj.单独的;独自的不能用于名词前，作表语，强调“独自一人”的客观状态。adv.单独；独自；相当于byoneself，在句中作状语。e.g.Ifeellonelywithoutmyfriends.Hewasaloneinthehouse.Theoldmanhasnochildren,sohehastolivealone.【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。1)

Lucy一个人的时候，通常会看电视。LucyusuallywatchesTVwhensheis______.2)

我独自住在这个房子里，但是从不觉得孤独。Iliveinthehouse_______,butIneverfeel_______.3)

这个故事是关于一位孤独的老人和他的狗。Thestoryisabouta(n)_______oldmanandhisdog.alonealonelonelylonelyI’dliketothank

youforgivingmoneytoAnimalHelpers.

我要感谢你捐钱给“动物帮手”。thankyoufor(doing)sth.为……感谢你相当于thanksfor(doing)sth.。for后面可跟名词、动词-ing形式等。e.g.Thankyouforraisingmoneyforthefoodbank.谢谢你为食品救济站筹钱。【语境应用】翻译句子。1)

谢谢你的帮助。

Thankyouforyourhelp.2)

谢谢你买了这么多食物。

Thankyouforbuyingsomuchfood.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.你的帮助使我能够拥有“幸运儿”。makeitpossibleforsb.todosth.使某人有可能做某事形式宾语真正的宾语makeit+形容词+(forsb.)todosth.使(某人)做某事是……的宾语补足语e.g.Mr.GreenmakesitpossibleforustolearnEnglisheasilyandinaninterestingwayinhisclass.Computertechnologymakesitpossibleformanypeopletoworkathome.

it作形式宾语的常见句型还有“think/findit+形容词+todosth.”认为/发现做某事是……的。e.g.Ifinditdifficulttotalktoyou.我发现跟你谈话很难。Wefind_______moreusefulforstudentstodoneweyeexercises.A.itB.thisC.oneD.that(2021辽宁营口)ALuckymakesabigdifferencetomylife!

“幸运儿”令我的生活发生了极大的改变！e.g.Thatraindidn’tmakeadifferencetothesportsmeeting.Ithinkwhatparentssaywillmakesomedifferencetotheirchildren.makea/no/somedifferencetosb./sth.对某人或某事物有/没有/有些作用或影响makenodifferenceto对……没有影响e.g.Itmakesnodifferencetome.这对我没什么影响。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空限填一词。AChristmasCarolwaswrittentomakeeveryreaderthinkabouthowtheycouldmakea_________totheirsociety.(different)(2021山东临沂)differenceOrimagineyoucan’twalkoruseyourhandseasily.

或者想象一下你无法走路或不能自如地使用双手。e.g.CanyouimaginelifewithouttheInternetMyfatherworkedharddayandnightinthatfactory.CanyouimagineitIcan’timaginelivinginsuchadirtysmallhouse.Imaginethatyouarerichandfamous.imaginev.想象；设想后面可以接名词、代词、动词的-ing形式或从句等作宾语。imagine(sb.)doingsth.想象(某人)做某事【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。1)我无法想象没有的生活。Ican’t________________withoutmobilephones.2)想象一下你正在做演讲，试着感受一下你有多紧张。_________________you’regivingaspeech—trytofeelhownervousyouare.3)你无法想象在那样一个地方工作是什么样的。Youcan’t___________________inaplacelikethat!imaginelife

Imaginethat

imagineworkingMostpeoplewouldneverthinkaboutthis,butmanypeoplehavethesedifficulties.

大多数人永远不用考虑这些，但不少人却有这些困难。不可数名词,“困难；艰难”其前可用some,no,much,great等修饰。havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难withdifficulty费劲地indifficulty处于困境中difficulty可数名词,“难题；难事”e.g.Whatcouldhedointhefaceofallthesedifficultiese.g.Hehaddifficulty(in)solvingthisproblem.difficult

adj.困难的常用句型：

It'sdifficult(forsb.)todosth.

(对某人来说)做某事很难e.g.It’sdifficultforJacktospeakChinesewell.【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。1)

对Jimmy来说，戒烟很难。______________________tostopsmoking.2)

如果你有什么难事，给我打。________________________,givemeacall.3)Nancy刚才发动汽车有些困难。Nancy

____________________________hercarjustnow.4)Sam在任何情况下交友方面都没有问题。Sam___________________________friendsinanysituation.has

nodifficulty(in)

makingIt'sdifficultforJimmy

Ifyouhaveanydifficultieshad

somedifficulty(in)

starting

Ifyouhavedifficulty_________outtheproblem,youcanasktheteacherforhelp.A.workB.workingC.towork(2022黑龙江绥化)Btrainv.训练;培训trainsb./sth.todosth.训练某人/某物做某事trainsb.insth.在某方面训练/培养某人vi.

锻炼；接受训练相当于exercise。n.火车bytrain乘火车ShetalkedtoAnimalHelpersaboutgettingmeaspecialtraineddog.

她与“动物帮手”洽谈，给我找一条特殊的、经过训练的狗狗。e.g.CanyouhelpmetrainthedogWecantrainahorsetodofarmwork.Thefathertrainshisdaughterinmedicine.trainfortheschoolsportsmeetingWereceivedtraining.training(不可数名词)训练；培训e.g.Wereceivedtraining.我们接受了培训。excitedadj.激动的;兴奋的beexcitedabout因……而兴奋不已IloveanimalsandIwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.

我爱动物，对能拥有狗狗的想法兴奋不已。e.g.Thechildrenwereexcitedaboutwinningthefootballgame.excited&excitingexcited“激动的；兴奋的”。作表语时，主语通常是人；作定语时，常用来修饰人。exciting“激动人心的”。作表语时，主语通常是物；作定语时，常用来修饰物。e.g.Dadwillreturnhometomorrow.We’reallexcited.Theexcitedstudentssanganddanced.Thebasketballgameyesterdaywasveryexciting.Mysistertoldmesomeexcitingnewsjustnow.【语境应用】根据语境选用excited或exciting填空。1)Myfathertoldmean___________storylastnight.2)Jennywonthetennisgameandshewasvery__________.3)Theboyswere____________watchingthe___________footballgame.excitingexcitedexcitedexcitingItakeaftermymother.我像我母亲。takeafter(外貌或行为)像相当于besimilarto，表示与家中的长辈相像，尤指与父亲或母亲相像，不能用于进行时。after是介词，其后接名词或代词。e.g.Yourdaughterdoesn’ttakeafteryouatall.你女儿一点儿都不像你。looklike看上去像……多指外貌，既可指人，也可指物。belike像……可指外貌，也可指性格。e.g.Youlooklikemybrother.你与我弟弟长得像。Whatisyoursisterlike你妹妹的性格怎么样？Ifixeditup.我把它修理好了。fixv.

修理；安装fixup修理；装饰是“动词+副词”