英语第二册（五年制高职）课件汇 Unit6 Smart Technology-Unit8 Responsible Travel

SocialRulesUnit5英语2基础模块Aftercompletingthisunit,youwillbeableto:understandunwrittensocialrules;shareopinionsonsocialrules;writeaspeechonfamilyrules;conductasurveyonsocialrulesfollowdifferenttypesofsocialrulesandbehaveappropriately.LearningObjectivesCONTENTS01/Warm-Up02/Reading03/GrammarandUsage04/IntegratedSkills

05/ExtendedReading06/Real-LifeActivity07/Self-Assessment08/WordsandExpressionsPART01Warm-UpMatcheachpicturewithitsdescription.1a.offeryourseattotheelderlyb.cleanyourpet’swastec.stopataredlightd.notalkingduringamoviecbadTickthecorrectsocialmediaetiquette.Addmoreifyoucan.2PART02ReadingAndywantstobeapleasantandlikeablememberofhisnewclass.Hefindsthefollowingarticleontheschoolwebsiteveryuseful.Whatareunwrittenrules?Canyougivesomeexamplesofunwrittenrules?UnwrittenRulesTherestaurantwascrowdedwithlotsofpeopleenjoyingtheirmeals.Suddenly,onemanraisedhisvoiceandshoutedatthewomansittingacrossfromhim,“Stopit,Sylvia.”Thissurprisedeveryoneandtheyallturnedtolookathim.Maybeherealiseditwasnotagoodideabecauseheimmediatelyloweredhisvoice,speakinginaquiettonesonobodyelsecouldhear.Peoplewereshockedbecausethiskindofcommotionalmostneverhappensinrestaurants.Therearenolawsagainstit,butwerarelyseepeopleshoutinglikethat.Whenyou’reeatingwithothers,it’spolitetokeepyourvoicedown.Thisisjustoneexampleoftheunwrittenruleswefollowinourdailylives.Haveyouevernoticedhowwestopataredlightevenwhenthere’snoothertrafficaround?Eventhoughit’ssafetodriveon,westillwaitforthelighttochange.It’snotbecauseoffearofaccidentsorgettingarrestedbythepolice.It’sjustsomethingwedotoberesponsibleandfollowtherules.Atmajorsportingevents,thousandsofpeoplesitinthestands,buttheyneverrunontothefield.Therearen’tenoughguardstostopeveryone,butstill,nobodydoesit.That’sbecauseit’sanunwrittenrulethatwestayinourseatsandrespecttheboundaries.Inrestaurants,peoplealwayspayfortheirmeals.Eventhoughitwouldberemarkablyeasytowanderoffwithoutpaying,ithardlyeverhappens.Why?Becauseit’sanotherunwrittenrulethatweshouldautomaticallypayourbillsandbehonest.Weallobeytheseruleswithouteventhinkingaboutit.Afterthedisturbancebytheman’syelling,everyoneintherestaurantbecamemorecautiousabouttheirbehaviour.Theyweren’tsurewhatbotheredthem,buttheyknewithadviolatedabasicruleofhowwearesupposedtobehave.That’sagoodthingbecauseitshowswecareaboutdoingtherightthingandbeingconsideratetowardsothers.Whatistheauthor’sopinionontheunwrittenrules?Completethemindmapbelow.1UnderstandingtheTextraisedhisvoiceandshoutedatthewomansittingacrossfromhimrestaurantturnedtolookathimimmediatelyloweredhisvoice(andspeakinaquiettone)follow/obeywithothersit’spolitetokeepyourvoicedownWestopataredlightevenwhenthere’snoothertrafficaround.Wesitinthestandsbutneverrunontothefieldatmajorsportingevents.Weautomaticallypayourbilllsandbehonestinrestaurants.unwrittenruleswecareaboutdoingtherightthingandbeingconsideratetowardsothersTickthetruestatementsaccordingtothetext.21.Themanimmediatelyloweredhisvoicebecauseoftherestrictionoflaw.2.lfnocarsarecoming,wecancrossontheredlight.3.Atmajorsportingevents,peoplecangetoutoftheirseatsandwalkontothefield.4.lfitiseasytowanderawaywithoutpayingformeals,peoplewillnotpaytheirbills.5.Unwrittenrulesarelikesimpleguidelinesforhowweshouldbehave.Canyouthinkofotherunwrittenrules?Discusswithyourpartnerandaddoneortwomoreunwrittenrulestothelist.3LanguageFocus1.Therestaurantwascrowdedwithlotsofpeopleenjoyingtheirmeals.(para.1,line1)餐馆里坐满了正在就餐的食客。becrowdedwith被……挤满Theoldtownsquarewascrowdedwithpeople.古老的小镇广场上挤满了人。crowd

(n.)人群；群众；一伙人Hepushedhiswaythroughthecrowd.他在人群中往前挤。Crowdsofpeoplepouredintothestreet.人们成群结队涌上街头。2.Maybeherealiseditwasnotagoodideabecauseheimmediatelyloweredhisvoice,speakinginaquiettonesonobodyelsecouldhear.(para.1,line4-6)也许他意识到这样不好，立即压低了声音，说话平缓了下来。其他人听不到了。immediately(adv.)立即，马上Sheansweredalmostimmediately.她几乎立刻就回答了。近义词：atonce(conj.)一……就；即刻Immediatelyshe’dgone,Irememberedhername.她刚走我就想起了她的名字。近义词：themomentLanguageFocus(2)tone(n.)口气，腔调atoneofsurprise惊奇的口气Don’tspeaktomeinthattoneofvoice.别用那种口吻跟我讲话。(n.)风格；气氛；情调Theoveralltoneofthebookisgentlynostalgic.这本书整体格调是温情的怀旧。(n.)（尤指乐器或电子音响设备的）音质，音色thefullrichtoneofthetrumpet小号饱满嘹亮的音色(n.)色调；明暗；影调acarpetinwarmtonesofbrownandorange棕色和橘黄色的暖色调地毯LanguageFocus3.Peoplewereshockedbecausethiskindofcommotionalmostneverhappensinrestaurants.(para.2,line1-2)人们感到震惊，因为这样的骚动几乎从未在餐馆发生过。commotion(n.)（可数名词，通常用作单数或不可数名词）（突然发生的）喧闹，骚乱，骚动Heheardacommotionoutside.他听见外面一阵骚动。InallthecommotionIforgottotellhimthenews.在一阵混乱之中我忘了告诉他那个消息。LanguageFocus4.Therearenolawsagainstit,butwerarelyseepeopleshoutinglikethat.(para.2,line2-3)虽然没有什么法律禁止这样的事，但我们很少看到有人这样大喊大叫。rarely(adv.)很少，不常Sheisrarelyseeninpublicnowadays.如今她很少公开露面。rarely放句首，句子要部分倒装Rarelyhasadebateattractedsomuchmediaattention.难得有一场辩论吸引这么多的媒体关注。rare(adj.)稀少的；罕见的araredisease罕见的疾病(adj.)稀罕的；珍贵的ararebreed珍奇物种(adj.)半熟的；半生的mediumraresteak三分熟牛排LanguageFocus5.Thisisjustoneexampleoftheunwrittenruleswefollowinourdailylives.(para.2,line4-5)这仅仅是我们在日常生活中遵循的许多不成文规则的一个例子。unwritten(adj.)非书面的，不成文的（法律、规定、协议等）Withoutunwrittenrulescivilizedlifewouldbeimpossible.没有不成文的规定，就不会有文明生活。LanguageFocus6.It’s

not

because

of

fear

of

accidents

or

gettingarrestedbythepolice.(para.3,line3-4)这不是因为我们害怕发生事故或被警察抓住。arrest(v.)逮捕，拘留Shewasarrestedfordrug-relatedoffences.她因涉嫌毒品犯罪而被捕。(n.)逮捕；拘捕Thepolicemadeseveralarrests.警方逮捕了好几人。Hewasunderarrestonsuspicionofmurder.

他因涉嫌谋杀而被逮捕。LanguageFocus7.Atmajorsportingevents,thousandsofpeoplesitinthestands,buttheyneverrunontothefield.(para.4,line1-2)在重大体育赛事中，成千上万的人坐在看台上，但他们从不跑进比赛场地。stand(n.)立场；桌，台，摊位；舞台Theymusttakeastand.他们必须表明立场。anewspaperstand报摊Therearemanyspectatorsinthestands.看台上有许多观众。LanguageFocusLanguageFocus8.That’sbecauseit’sanunwrittenrulethatwestayinourseatsandrespecttheboundaries.(para.4,line3-4)因为观众就应该规规矩矩地坐在座位上，遵守场内场外界线，这是不成文的规则。(1)boundary(n.)边界，界限Scientistscontinuetopushbacktheboundariesofhumanknowledge.科学家不断扩大人类知识的边界。(2)“...thatwestayinourseatsandrespecttheboundaries”是同位语从句，对前面的rule进行解释说明，说明它的具体内容。9.Eventhoughitwouldberemarkablyeasytowanderoffwithoutpaying,ithardlyeverhappens.(para.5,line1-3)尽管不付钱就开溜很容易，但这种情况几乎从未发生过。wander(v.)闲逛，游荡Hiseyeswanderedtowardsthephotographsonthewall.他的目光慢慢地移向墙上的照片。Thechildwanderedoffandgotlost.那孩子走散后迷路了。LanguageFocus10.Becauseit’sanotherunwrittenrulethatweshouldautomaticallypayourbillsandbehonest.(para.5,line3-4)因为这是另一个不成文的规则，即我们应该自动支付账单、诚实守信。automatically(adv.)自动地

Thedoorsopenandcloseautomatically.这些门自动开关。automatic(adj.)自动的Switchthecameraintotheautomaticmode.将照相机调到自动拍摄状态。LanguageFocus11.Weallobeytheseruleswithouteventhinkingaboutit.(para.6,line1)我们都不假思索地遵守这些规则。obey(v.)服从；遵守Youmustobeythecaptain’scommands.你必须服从船长的命令。Agoodcitizenmustobeythelaw.一个好公民必须守法。LanguageFocus12.Afterthedisturbancebytheman’syelling,everyoneintherestaurantbecamemorecautiousabouttheirbehaviour.(para.6,line1-3)在被那个男人的吼叫打扰之后，餐馆里的每个人都对自己的行为更加小心谨慎。(1)disturbance(n.)打扰，妨碍Thebuildingworkiscreatingconstantnoise,dustanddisturbance.建筑施工不断制造噪音、灰尘和干扰。disturb(v.)干扰；使不安Ifyougetupearly,trynottodisturbeveryoneelse.如果你起得早，尽量不要打扰别人。LanguageFocus(2)yell(v.)叫喊，大叫Heyelledattheotherdriver.他冲着另一位司机大叫。(n.)喊叫；叫嚷SomethingbrushedpastBob’sfaceandheletoutayell.什么东西擦过了Bob的脸，他发出了一声大叫。LanguageFocus(3)cautious(adj.)小心的，谨慎的cautiousaboutsth./sb.对某物/某人谨慎

cautiousaboutdoingsth.对做某事谨慎，小心They’vetakenaverycautiousapproach.他们采取了一个十分谨慎的方法。Hewasverycautiousaboutcommittinghimselftoanything.他谨小慎微，从不轻易表态。LanguageFocus13.Theyweren’tsurewhatbotheredthem,buttheyknewithadviolatedabasicruleofhowwearesupposedtobehave.(para.6,line3-5)他们不确定是什么困扰着他们，但他们知道吼叫违反了我们应该遵守的基本行为准则。bother(v.)打扰；使（某人）烦恼Thatsprainedankleisstillbotheringher.她那扭伤的脚踝还在隐隐作痛。Idon’twanttobotherherwithmyproblemsatthemoment.我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。(n.)（不可数名词）麻烦；困难Idon’twanttoputyoutoanybother.我不想给你添乱子。

（可数名词，用于单数）令人烦恼的情况（或事物、人）IhopeIhaven’tbeenabother.希望我没烦扰你。LanguageFocus(2)violate(v.)违反，违背（法律、协议等）Theywenttoprisonbecausetheyviolatedthelaw.他们因触犯了法律而坐牢。violation(n.)违反;违法Hewasfined200dollarsforviolationoftrafficregulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。LanguageFocus14.That’sagoodthingbecauseitshowswecareaboutdoingtherightthingandbeingconsideratetowardsothers.(para.6,line5-7)这是一件好事，因为它表明，我们在意要做事要恰当，要为他人着想。considerate(adj.)考虑周到的，体贴的Itwasveryconsiderateofhimtowait.他一直在等候着，真是体贴人。Sheisalwayspoliteandconsideratetowardsheremployees.她对待员工总是客客气气，关心体谅。辨析：considerate和considerableconsiderate的意思是考虑周到的；considerable的意思是相当大的;相当多(或重要等)的。Theprojectwastedaconsiderableamountoftimeandmoney.那项工程浪费了相当多的时间和资金。LanguageFocusChoosetherightwordtocompleteeachsentence.Changetheformifnecessary.WordStudy1arrestedbehavecrowdedbotherobeyCircletherightwordtocompleteeachsentence.2Thesuffix“-ful”canbeaddedtoanountoformanadjectivethatmeans“fullof”or“havingthequalitiesof”.Completeeachsentencewiththegivenwordbyadding“-ful”toit.31.Hewas_______(hope)thatthingswouldgetbettersoon.2.Ireceivedalettersayingthatmyapplicationhadbeen_________(success).3.I’mvery_______(care)aboutwashingmyhandsbeforeeating.4.Fruitjuicecanbe_______(harm)tochildren’steeth.5.Theorganizationisdoing_________(wonder)thingsforthecommunity.6.Chinahasbecomeincreasingly_______(power)ontheworldstage.hopefulsuccessfulcarefulharmfulwonderfulpowerfulPART03GrammarandUsageThereIs/AreWeusethereisandtherearetosaythatsomethingexists.Weusethereisforsingularandthereareforplural.Wealsousethereiswithuncountablenouns.Forexample:Thereisnoonearoundtocatchyou.Therearenolawsagainstit.Thetableshowshowthestructureisused.Lookatthepictureandusethereisortherearetocompleteeachsentence.11.________threepeoplestandinginline.2.________amicrowaveovenonthecupboardcounter.3.________twoladieswaitingforthecake.4.________onlyoneclerkservingthepeople.ThereareThereisThereareThereisWorkwithyourpartnertocompletethedialoguesaccordingtothepicture.21.A:Howmanypeoplearethereinthelibrary?B:___________________________________2.A:___________________________________B:Therearetwopeopleonthebenches.3.A:Howmanytablesarethereinthelibrary?B:___________________________________4.A:___________________________________B:Thereisoneplantinthelibrary.Therearesixteenpeopleinthelibrary.Howmanypeoplearethereonthebenches?Therearethreetablesinthelibrary.Howmanyplantsarethereinthelibrary?PART04IntegratedSkillsListentoaconversationandtickwhatAndydidthatannoyedhisfriendMike.1Listenagainandtickthetruestatements.21.AndyandMikewenttoapartyyesterdayevening.2.Mikepostedsomeofthepicturestakenatthepartyonhissocialmedia.3.Weshouldn’tshareanythingaboutotherswithouttheirpermission.4.Onlineprivacyisnotabigdeal.5.Followingtherulesofetiquettehelpsusmaintainhealthyrelationships.Listentoaconversationandfillintheblanks.3thatmoreimportantthandisagreeMyopinionisthatIseewhatyoumeanyoumighthaveapointthereExactlyYou’rerightfindListenagainandhighlightSandy’sandPaul’sopinionsonsocialmanners.4Belowaresomeofyourneighbour’sbehaviours.Discusswithyourpartnerandexpresswhetheryouagreeordisagreeaccordingtoyourunderstandingofsocialrules.5Samuel,anexchangestudentfromItaly,introducedhisfamilyrules.Herearesomeofthem.Doyouagreewiththerules?6BelowareLily’sfamilyrules.ReadthemandhelpLilycompleteherspeech“MyFamilyRules”.7takemystudiesseriouslyWaitforotherstofinishtalkingbeforeyoutalkknockbeforegoingintoAlwaystellaparentifsomeonedon’tspeakwithourmouthfullyoudon’tknowwantstobeyourfriendinreallifeoronlinesomeone’sroomPART05ExtendedReadingTherearemanyrulesweareexpectedtofollowinourlife.Hereisabriefintroductiontothedifferenttypesofsocialrulesweneedtoknowandfollow.Whowilltakepartinthefamilydiscussion?Canyoulistsomesocialrules?Doyouthinksocialrulescanbeclassifiedintodifferenttypes?Whatwillbetheconsequencesifyoubreakthem？TypesofSocialRulesEverysocietyhasrulesthatdefineacceptableandappropriatebehaviours.Theserulesvarybasedonthesituationandcanchangeovertime.Forexample,intheWest,it’scommontomaintaineyecontactwhiletalking,butinsomeAsiancultures,avoidingeyecontactisseenaspoliteandrespectful.Therearedifferenttypesofsocialrules:folkways,mores,laws,andregulations.Folkwaysareinformalcustomsthatdefineacceptableandnormalbehaviour.Forinstance,waitinginlineandusingdustbinsareconsideredfolkways.Theycoverthingsliketablemanners,greetings,andappropriateclothingfordifferentoccasions.Breakingfolkwaysmightnotresultinpunishmentbutcanleadtocriticismorwarnings.Mores(pronounced“more-rays”)arestricteranddeterminewhatismorallyrightorwrong.Cheating,lying,andbullyingareuniversallyconsideredmorallywrong.Breakingmorescanleadtopunishment.Lawsandregulationsareformalrulesestablishedbyauthorities.Theyaddressmoreseriousoffenceslikedrink-driving,theft,robbery,andmurder.Lawsexistinordertopreventactionsthatcouldharmothers.Violatinglawscanleadtovariouspunishments,fromminortosevere,andfromfinestoimprisonmentorevendeath.Overall,folkways,mores,laws,andregulationshelpmaintainsocialorder.Theyensurethatpeopleunderstandtheboundariesofacceptablebehaviourandtheconsequencesofbreakingtheserules.Howmuchdoyouknowaboutdifferenttypesofsocialrules?Fillintheblankswithinformationfromthetext.1UnderstandingtheTextinformalcustomscriticismorwarningsrightorwrongpunishmentformalrulesauthoritiespunishmentsfromfinestoimprisonmentGiveexamplesofdifferenttypesofsocialrules.2PART06Real-LifeActivityUnderstandingetiquetteandfollowingrulescanmakeabigdifferenceinhowweinteractwithothers.Somerulesaren’twrittendown,buteveryoneisexpectedtoknowandfollowthem.Createandconductasurveytoseehowfamiliaryourschoolmatesarewiththeseimportantsocialrules.Herearethestepstodoit.Workingroupsandtalkaboutimportantetiquetteandsocialrulesthatallyourschoolmatesshouldknow.Eachgroupshouldcomeupwithatleastthreerulesforeachsection.Step1Usethecompletequestionnaireandaskatleasttenstudentstoparticipate.Aftercollectingtheresponses,drawabarcharttodisplayyourresults.Step2Reportthesurveyresultstotheclass.Step3PART07Self-AssessmentTickthewordsandphrasesyouhavelearnedinthisunit.1Rateyourperformanceafterlearningthisunit.Iftherearethingstobeimproved,makeanactionplan.23PART08WordsandExpressionsWordsandExpressionsunwritten/

ʌn

rɪtn/adj.非书面的，不成文的（法律、规定、协议等）immediately/ɪ

mi

diətli/adv.立即，马上tone/təʊn/n.口气，腔调commotion/kə

məʊʃn/n.（突然发生的）喧闹，骚乱，骚动rarely/

reəli/adv.很少，不常arrest/ə

rest/v.逮捕，拘留boundary/

baʊndri/n.边界，界限remarkably/rɪ

mɑ

kəbli/adv.非凡地，显著地wander/

wɒndə(r)/v.闲逛，游荡automatically/

ɔ

tə

mætɪkli/adv.不假思索地；自动地obey/ə

beɪ/v.服从，遵守disturbance/dɪ

stɜ

bəns/n.打扰，妨碍yell/jel/v.叫喊，大叫cautious/

kɔ

ʃəs/adj.小心的，谨慎的bother/

bɒðə(r)/v.打扰；使（某人）烦恼violate/

vaɪəleɪt/v.违反，违背（法律、协议等）considerate/kən

sɪdərət/adj.考虑周到的，体贴的upset/

ʌp

set/adj.难过，沮丧permission/pə

mɪʃn/n.准许，批准privacy/

prɪvəsi/n.隐私，私密essential/ɪ

senʃl/adj.必不可少的etiquette/

etɪkət/n.（社会或行业中的）礼节，礼仪，规矩promotion/prə

məʊʃn/n.提升，提拔ridiculous/rɪ

dɪkjələs/adj.荒谬的，荒唐的interaction/

ɪntər

ækʃn/n.互动informal/ɪn

fɔ

ml/adj.不拘礼节的，非正规的eventhough即使，纵然wanderoff离开，偏离（正道）fallapart破裂missoutonsth.错失获利（或取乐等）的机会bebasedonsth.以某事为基础（或根据）SmartTechnologyUnit6英语2基础模块Aftercompletingthisunit,youwillbeableto:understandwhatasmartcityislike;talkaboutscienceandtechnology;writetointroduceanewtechnology;designasmarthome;telltheimportanceofscienceandtechnology.LearningObjectivesCONTENTS01/Warm-Up02/Reading03/GrammarandUsage04/IntegratedSkills

05/ExtendedReading06/Real-LifeActivity07/Self-Assessment08/WordsandExpressionsPART01Warm-UpFillineachblankwiththerightwordinitsproperform.1CRHtrainElectricityAIDroneselectricityAIdroneCRHtrainHowhasthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologychangedourdailylives?Talkwithyourpartnertocomeupwithexamplesofsuchchange.2PART02ReadingYinchuan,acityinNorthwestChina,hasbecomeasmartcity.Annaiscurioustoknowwhatasmartcityislike.HereisanintroductiontothesmartcityYinchuan.Whatisasmartcitylike?Whatsmarttechnologieswillbeusedinsuchacity?Yinchuan:APilotSmartCityinChinaYinchuanistheprovincialcapitalofNingxiaHuiautonomousregionandispartofalmost200smartcityprojectsinChina.InYinchuan,yourfaceisacreditcard!Facialrecognitionsoftwarehasreplacedfareboxesonlocalbuses.Passengers’facesarelinkedtotheirbankaccounts,sotheydon’tneedtosearchforchangeintheirpockets,speedinguptheboardingprocess.Atthecityhall,holograms,insteadofrealpeople,greetvisitors.ThereareQRcodesonthewallsthatprovidequickanswerstofrequentlyaskedquestions,whichmeanspeopledon’thavetowaitinlonglines.Manyadministrativeprocesses,likegettingabusinesslicenceorrenewingapassport,cannowbedoneonline,savingtimeandeffort.Inthemedicalservice,anonlineplatformconnectsdoctorswithpatients,providingremotehealthcareandreducingcrowdedhospitals.Thecentralgovernmentwantstomove250millioncitizensfromruralareastocitiesby2050,sotechnologiesarebeingusedtomakeurbanareasmoreefficient.YoumightwonderwhyYinchuan,asmallercitywhosepopulationpalesincomparisonwithBeijingorShanghai,becamealeaderinsmartcitytechnologies.Yinchuancanadapttonewtechnologiesmoreeasilyandattractmorepeoplebecauseitisstilldevelopingandhasmoreflexibilitytoadoptandimplementchanges.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutYinchuanasasmartcity?Fillintheblanks.1UnderstandingtheText200smartcityprojectsFacialrecognitionsoftwareHologramsQRcodesonlineplatformeasilyadapttonewtechnologiesmore1.ThereisnoneedtocarryacreditcardwithyouinYinchuan.2.YoucangetquickanswersbyscanningQRcodesatthecityhall.3.Renewingapassportrequiresaface-to-facemeeting.4.Onlinehealthcareprovidespatientswithremotetestsandtreatments.5.ItismoreflexibleforYinchuantobecomesmartthanBeijing.Tickthetruestatementsaccordingtothetext.2Smartcitiesoffernumerousbenefits.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationfromthetextandaddmorebasedonyourknowledgeofsmartcities.3QRcodesHelppatientsremotelytoreducethenumberofpeopleinhospitalsandavoidbigcrowds.LanguageFocus1.YinchuanistheprovincialcapitalofNingxiaHuiautonomousregionandispartofalmost200smartcityprojectsinChina.(para.1,line1-3)银川市是宁夏回族自治区的首府，是中国约两百个智慧城市项目的一部分。(1)provincial(adj.)省的provincialeconomy省区经济

province(n.)省份NanjingisthecapitalcityofJiangsuProvince.南京是江苏的省会城市。(2)autonomous(adj.)自治的；自主的autonomousregion自治区ShaanxiisboundedonthenorthbytheInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion.

陕西北部与内蒙古自治区交界。XinjiangUygurautonomousregionexhibitsremarkablenaturalbeauty.新疆维吾尔自治区展现了非凡的自然美景。autonomousrespiration

自主呼吸autonomouslearning自主学习LanguageFocus(3)region(n.)

区域tropicalregions

热带地区Thisregionisthehomeofmanyspeciesofwildflower.这个地区有很多种类的野花。regional(adj.)区域的regionalnewspapers地方报纸LanguageFocus2.InYinchuan,yourfaceisacreditcard!(para.2,line1)在银川，你的脸就是你的信用卡！

credit(n.)（偿还欠款的）信誉，信用creditcard

信用卡Weboughtthedishwasheroncredit.

我们赊购了一台洗碗机。LanguageFocus3.Facialrecognitionsoftwarehasreplacedfareboxesonlocalbuses.(para.2,line1-3)在当地公交车上，人脸识别软件替代了收费箱。(1)facial(adj.)面部的facialexpression

面部表情(2)recognition(n.)识别facialrecognition面部识别Hereceivedtheawardinrecognitionofhissuccessoverthepastyear.他收到了奖，这是对他过去一年成绩的肯定。LanguageFocus(3)replace(v.)代替，取代replacesth.withsth.用……替换……Thethievesreplacedtheoriginalpaintingwithacopy.盗贼们用摹本换走了原画。(4)fare(n.)车费，船费，飞机票价bus/taxi/trainfares公共汽车费；出租汽车费；火车票价Childrentravel(at)halffare.

儿童交通费减半。LanguageFocus4.Passengers’facesarelinkedtotheirbankaccounts,sotheydon’tneedtosearchforchangeintheirpockets,speedinguptheboardingprocess.(para.2,line3-5)乘客的脸与他们的银行账户关联，这样他们就不用到处掏零钱，加快了上车速度。(1)link(v.)把……连接起来Theroadlinksallthenewtownstogether.这条路把所有的新城镇都连接起来了。(n.)联系，关系Newstudiesshowacuriouslinkbetweensnoringandhighbloodpressure.新研究表明，打鼾和高血压之间有某种奇怪的联系。(2)process(n.)过程Employeesshouldhaveavoiceinthedecision-makingprocess.员工在决策的过程中应该有发言权。LanguageFocus5.Atthecityhall,holograms,insteadofrealpeople,greetvisitors.(para.3,line1)在市政大厅，全息投影取代了真人欢迎来访者。hologram(n.)全息图“holo-”前缀意为“全”holography全息照相术LanguageFocus6.ThereareQRcodesonthewallsthatprovidequickanswerstofrequentlyaskedquestions,whichmeanspeopledon’thavetowaitinlonglines.(para.3,line2-4)墙上有二维码，提供常见问题的快速解答，这也就意味着人们不必排长队等待。(1)QRcode(n.)二维码全称为

QuickResponseCodeYoucanscantheQRcodetogetredpackets.扫二维码就可领红包。(2)frequently(adv.)频繁地，经常Busesrunfrequentlybetweenthecityandtheairport.公共汽车频繁地来往于市区与机场之间。LanguageFocus7.Manyadministrativeprocesses,likegettingabusinesslicenceorrenewingapassport,cannowbedoneonline,savingtimeandeffort.(para.3,line4-6)许多行政程序，如办理商业执照或更新护照，现在都能在网上完成，节省了时间和精力。(1)administrative(adj.)管理的，行政的

anadministrativejob管理工作(2)licence(n.)许可证，执照adrivinglicence驾驶执照(3)renew(v.)延长……的期限；更新torenewalicence/lease/contract延长执照的期限、续签租约、续签合约Cellsdivideandrenewaspartofthehumangrowthprocess.细胞分裂更新，这是人体发育过程的一部分。LanguageFocusLanguageFocus8.Inthemedicalservice,anonlineplatformconnectsdoctorswithpatients,providingremotehealthcareandreducingcrowdedhospitals.(para.4,line1-3)在医疗行业，线上平台将医生和患者联系起来，提供远程援助，减少了医院的拥挤。(1)remote(adj.)远程的；遥远的；偏远的remotecontrol遥控器aremotebeach偏远的海滩Thefarmhouseisremotefromanyotherbuildings.这家农舍附近没有别的房屋。(2)“...providingremotehealthcareandreducingcrowdedhospitals”是现在分词短语，等同于定语从句“whichprovidesremotehealthcareandreducescrowdedhospitals”，修饰限定onlineplatform。这种用现在分词短语替换句中的定语从句的用法可以使句子结构更精简，形成多样化的句式。LanguageFocus9.Thecentralgovernmentwantstomove250millioncitizensfromruralareastocitiesby2050,sotechnologiesarebeingusedtomakeurbanareasmoreefficient.(para.5,line1-3)中央政府计划在2050年之前将2.5亿农村居民迁往城镇，所以政府正要用技术提高城市效率。(1)rural(adj.)乡村的，农村的ruralareas

农村地区60yearsago,halftheFrenchpopulationstilllivedinruralareas.60年前，有一半法国人仍然生活在乡村地区。LanguageFocus(2)urban(adj.)城市的，都市的urbanlife

城市生活Mosturbanareasareclosetoapark.

绝大多数城区附近都有公园。(3)efficient(adj.)效率高的，有功效的theefficientuseofenergy

能源的有效利用Anefficientbulbmaylightentheloadofpowerstations.

一个节能灯泡也许就能减轻发电站的负荷。efficiency(n.)效率；功效

workefficiency

工作效率LanguageFocus10.YoumightwonderwhyYinchuan,asmallercitywhosepopulationpalesincomparisonwithBeijingorShanghai,becamealeaderinsmartcitytechnologies.(para.6,line1-3)你也许有疑问，为什么银川能够在智慧城市技术方面走在前列。与北京上海相比，银川的人口规模并不算多。pale(v.)显得逊色；相形失色palein/bycomparisonwith/tosth.与……相比显得逊色Hisachievementspaleincomparisonwithhers.

与她相比，他的成就黯然失色。LanguageFocus11.Yinchuancanadapttonewtechnologiesmoreeasilyandattractmorepeoplebecauseitisstilldevelopingandhasmoreflexibilitytoadoptandimplementchanges.(para.6,line3-5)银川更容易适应新技术，可以吸引更多的人口。银川还在发展，能够更灵活地采用新技术并和实施变革。(1)adapt(v.)使适应，使适合adapt

to=adjust

to

适应adaptoneselfto使自己适应/习惯……adaptsth.(forsth.)改变，改编……使适应，使适合（新用途、新情况）Wehavetoadaptquicklytothenewsystem.我们不得不迅速适应新系统。Hecouldquicklyadapthimselftoanewworkingenvironment.他能很快适应新的工作环境。Threeofhernovelshavebeenadaptedfortelevision.她的小说中有三部已改编成电视。LanguageFocus(2)attract(v.)吸引Theexhibitionhasattractedthousandsofvisitors.

展览已经吸引了成千上万的参观者。attraction(n.)吸引；吸引力；向往的地方touristattraction旅游胜地attractive(adj.)有吸引力的Confidenceisconsideredtobeoneofthemostattractivepersonalitytraits.自信是最有吸引力的个性特征之一。LanguageFocus(3)flexibility(n.)灵活性，弹性Hergreatstrengthliesinherflexibility.她的优势在于她灵活变通。(4)implement(v.)贯彻，执行Leadershipisabouttheabilitytoimplementchange.领导才能是一种实行变革的能力。Choosetherightwordtocompleteeachsentence.Ch