【高二下期末】广西百色市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2/22022年百色市普通高中春季学期期末教学质量调研测试试题高二英语（考试时间：120分钟；满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的班级、姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。2.本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，只交答题卡，试卷自行保存。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例如：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whoisthewoman?A.Theman’sdaughter.B.Theman’sstudent.C.Theman’sclassmate.2.Howdoesthewomansoundnow?A.Sad.B.Happy.C.Angry.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acity.B.Anactress.C.Aplay.4.Whenwillthewomancatchherflight?A.Infourdays.B.Insixdays.C.Infourteendays.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.AtJane’shouse.C.Atacoffeeshop.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman?A.ShewantstojointheOlympicteam.B.Shewouldliketoswimbetter.C.Shedoesn’twanttojoinaclass.7.Whogivesswimlessons?A.Andrew.B.Andrew’sfriend.C.Andrew’sfather.听下面一段对话，回答第8至10三个小题。8.WhydidJuliavisitAlex’sfamily?A.Tohaveaholidaydinner.B.TolistentoBeijingopera.C.Tolearnhowtocookadish.9.Whomadetherice?A.Alex’smother.B.Alex’sgrandfather.C.Alex’sgrandmother.10.WhatdoesAlexsayabouthisgrandparents?A.Theyalwaystrytomakeeachotherhappy.B.Theylikethesamekindsofthings.C.Theyareusuallyfighting.听下面一段对话，回答第11至13三个小题。11.Whyisthemanshopping?A.He’sgettingmarried.B.Hewantstobuyagiftforhissister.C.He’sgoingtoawedding.12.Whatdoesthemanneedfromtheshop?A.Ashirt.B.Atie.C.Apairofshoes.13.Whatcolorofpantswillthemanprobablybuy?A.Blue.B.Gray.C.Black.听下面一段对话，回答第14至16三个小题。14.Whywillthemancontinuetogotoschool?A.Helovesstudying.B.Heneedsmoreschoolingforhisdreamjob.C.Hedoesn’tlikeworking.15.Whatshouldthewomandoaftercollegeaccordingtotheman?A.Setupherownbusiness.B.Getajob.C.Gotograduateschool.16.Whenwillthespeakersgraduatefromcollege?A.Inninemonths.B.Inoneyear.C.Infouryears.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20四个小题。17.Howdidthecrowdfeelabouttheresultoftherace?A.Excited.B.Disappointed.C.Surprised.18.WheredidSarahlive?A.InOgden.B.InBoston.C.InTucson.19.WhogotSarahtoentertherace?A.Herschoolteacher.B.Herhusband.C.Hercollegefriend.20.WhatwillSarahlikelydonext?A.TrainfortheOlympics.B.Prepareforanothermarathon.C.Findajob.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThinkingofwheretotravelnext?Checkoutthesetopdestinationsandpickyourfavorites!PortugalIfyouarelookingforacost-effectivedestinationthatissafeandhasalotofattractionsandactivities,Portugalistheplacetogo.PortugalwasrecentlyrecognizedasthebestEuropeandestinationattheWorldTravelAwards.SomeofthemainplacestovisitinPortugalincludethecapitalcityofLisbonandthecityofPortoatacostunmatchedinEurope.PortugalisalsooneofthesafestdestinationsinEuropeandisbecomingverypopularwithtravelers.Youneedtovisititbeforethecrowdstakeover!IcelandIfyouarelookingforadestinationthatprovidesexcitingadventurestovisit,Icelandsurelyfitsthebillanytimeoftheyear.Youcantakepartinglacierhiking,experiencetheNorthernLightsaroundthecountryandenjoythelivelynightlifeinitscapitalReykjavik.YouwillnothaveaboringmomentinIceland!IrelandIfyouwanttoescapethelargecrowdsofEuropebutstillenjoyamazingfood,history,roadtripsandnature,Irelandisthedestinationforyou.Thedestinationprovidesgreatvalueforvisitorsandaveryrelaxingenvironment.Warning:youmayhavetogivewaytosheepontheroad!SouthAfricaIfyouaskchildrenwhattheirfavoriteanimalis,lionsandgiraffesmustbeonthetoptenlist.Thenaskthemifthey’dliketoseethemforreal!ThethoughtofAfricaasafamilyholidaydestinationmightbeabitscaryifyou’veneverbeenthere,sowhynotmakeSouthAfricayourfirstadventureintothisamazingcontinent?Withbeautifulbeaches,greatweatherandallthosefavoritewildanimals,you’llalsofindSouthAfricacanbebudget(预算)friendlyaswell.1.Forthosepeoplewhoenjoysecuretravels,wherecantheygo?A.Portugal. B.Iceland. C.Ireland. D.SouthAfrica.2.WhatinSouthAfricamayattractchildrenmost?A.Thegoodweatherallyearround. B.Thenaturalbeauty.C.Thewildanimals. D.Thereasonablecharge.3.Wherecanthistextcomefrom?A.Areport B.Anadvertisement C.Aresearchpaper D.Ashortstory【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个旅游目的地：葡萄牙、冰岛、爱尔兰和南非。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Ifyouarelookingforacost-effectivedestinationthatissafeandhasalotofattractionsandactivities,Portugalistheplacetogo.(如果你正在寻找一个安全、有很多景点和活动的性价比高的目的地，葡萄牙是一个值得去的地方)”可知，葡萄牙是一个安全的旅游胜地，对于那些喜欢安全旅行的人，他们可以去葡萄牙。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ifyouaskchildrenwhattheirfavoriteanimalis,lionsandgiraffesmustbeonthetoptenlist.(如果你问孩子们他们最喜欢的动物是什么，狮子和长颈鹿肯定在前十位)”以及“Withbeautifulbeaches,greatweatherandallthosefavoritewildanimals,you’llalsofindSouthAfricacanbebudgetfriendlyaswell.(有着美丽的海滩，宜人的天气和所有这些最受欢迎的野生动物，你也会发现南非也很划算)”可知，南非最吸引儿童的是野生动物。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thinkingofwheretotravelnext?Checkoutthesetopdestinationsandpickyourfavorites!(考虑下一步去哪里旅行？看看这些热门目的地，选择你的最爱！)”可知，本文介绍了四个旅游目的地，推测文章来自一篇广告。故选B项。B“Ihavecancer.”Momsaidandheldmeinatighthug.Icouldfeelherchestshakingasshetriednottocrybutfailed.Forallofmytwenty-fouryears,mymomhadbeensupportive.Strengthandprotectionhadalwaysflowedfromhertome.NowIknewitwouldhavetoflowtheotherwayaround.Momdidn’tstaydownforlong.Aftertheshockofbreast-cancer,shearmedherselfwithanotebookandapenandathousandquestionsforthedoctors.Shetooknotesonwhitebloodcellcountsandmedications(药物)withlongnamesasthoughshewerestudyingforentranceexamsintomedicalschool.“Thenot-knowingistheworst.”shesaid.Theoperationwassuccessful.Thechemo(化疗)wastheharderpart.IwentwithMomtoeverychemotreatment.Sherarelycomplained,thoughherhairwasgoneandhertoenailsandfingernailsfelloutonebyone.Shejokedthatshecouldsavemoneyonnailpolishandputittowardthedoctorbills,eventhoughsheneverworenailpolish.“Cancercantakemyhair,mynails,myhealth,myverylife.Butitcan’ttakemysmile.”Momsaid.Momlearnedtoshareherfearswithme,anditformedanevendeeperbondbetweenus.YetIamcertaintherewerefearsshedidn’tsharebecauseshewasstillprotectingme—worriessheonlysharedwithDad.Eveninthedarkesthours,shewouldjustjokeaboutthecancer.Momalwayssaid,“Whenyoulookyourgreatestfearintheeyeandlaughatit,youtakeawaysomeofitspower.”Momwasoneoftheluckyones.Shedidbeathercancer,thoughnotwithoutscars.Fromher,I’velearnedImaynotgettochoosewhatIface,butIdogettochoosehowIfaceit.4.Whatdoestheauthormeanwhensaying“NowIknewitwouldhavetoflowtheotherwayaround”?A.Cancercouldbetreatedintheotherway.B.Momwouldnotbesupportiveanymore.C.Momhadtostaystrongertobeatcancer.D.IshouldbetheonebeingthereforMom.5.WhatdoweknowaboutMomfromthepassage?A.Momdidn’tcareabouthavingcancer.B.Momwasstudyingforentranceexamsintomedicalschool.C.Momhadthedeterminationtoovercomecancer.D.Momfeltdownforlongafterknowingthatshehadcancer.6.WhatwordscanbeusedtodescribeMomaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Optimisticandhumorous. B.Considerateandambitious.C.Determinedandgenerous. D.Caringandknowledgeable.7.WhatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromMom?A.Luckcountsinbeatingdiseases.B.Positiveattitudesgetonethroughhardship.C.Complaintdoesnogoodtoone’shealth.D.Sharingfeelingshelpsreducesufferingsalot.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲作者的妈妈在与癌症作抗争的过程中保持积极乐观的态度，并对作者产生重大影响的故事。【4题详解】词义猜测题。由前一句“Strengthandprotectionhadalwaysflowedfromhertome.(力量和保护一直从她那里流向我。)”母亲给予我很多关爱和支持，下一句中theotherwayaround意思为“从相反方向”，可知此处暗含的意思为现在轮到作者给母亲关爱和支持，故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第一段第二句“Icouldfeelherchestshakingasshetriednottocrybutfailed.(我能感觉到她的胸口在颤抖，她努力不让自己哭出来，但失败了。)”可知妈妈还是在乎患上癌症这件事的。由第三段第三句“...asthoughshewerestudyingforentranceexamsintomedicalschool.(就好像她在为医学院的入学考试而学习。)”可知，妈妈似乎在参加医学院的入学考试，实际上不是，B项错误。由第三段第一句“Momdidn’tstaydownforlong.(妈妈没有在下面待太久。)”可知D项错误。从第三段中“Shetooknotesonwhitebloodcellcountsandmedications(药物)withlongnamesasthoughshewerestudyingforentranceexamsintomedicalschool.(她记录着白细胞计数和名字很长的药物，就像她在为医学院的入学考试而学习一样。)”可知，妈妈拿着纸和笔问医生各种各样有关癌症的问题，能看出妈妈战胜病魔的决心。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。从第四段中“Shejokedthatshecouldsavemoneyonnailpolishandputittowardthedoctorbills，eventhoughsheneverworenailpolish.(她开玩笑说，她可以省下买指甲油的钱，用来支付医药费，尽管她从来没有擦过指甲油。)”可知，妈妈虽然因化疗失去指甲，但仍能保持乐观态度，开玩笑说没有了指甲可以省下指甲油的钱来付医药费，由此也能看出妈妈的幽默。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段最后一句“Fromher,I’velearnedImaynotgettochoosewhatIface,butIdogettochoosehowIfaceit.(从她身上，我学到了我可能无法选择面对什么，但我可以选择如何面对。)”可知，作者从妈妈身上学到了：“无法选择要面对的事情，但是可以选择用何种方式面对自己的遭遇”，而妈妈就是乐观面对病魔，故选B。CApril27isTakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayinBritain.StartedatfirstintheUnitedStatesandbroughttoBritainin1994,TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayhasbecomeaspecialdayforgirlsbetween11and15.Onthatdaythousandsofgirlstakeadayoffschoolandgotogetherwithoneoftheirparentstotheirworkplaces.Thepurposeofthisdayistobroadengirls’horizonsandraisetheirself-confidence.Formanyyears,peoplehavethoughtthatboyscandobetterthangirlsinsociety.Butactually,“girlscanbewhatevertheywanttobejustlikeboys,whetheritisapilot,anurseorachiefexecutive,”saysthechairmanoftheOurSonsandDaughtersCharitableTrust,anorganizationwhichsupportedtheactivityoftheDay.“Nowthegirlshaveacloselookatwhattheirparentsaredoingandthismayhelpthemtobemoreself-confidentwhentheyarefacedwithachoiceofwork.”Schoolsandmanycompaniessupporttheactivitytoo.PalmersGreenHighSchoolforgirls,innorthLondon,hasmadethedayanecessarypartofcareereducation.ZarinaBart,15,fromPalmersGreen,wentwithhermotherGwentoherLawyer’sOfficethisyear’sTakeOurDaughterstoWorkDay.“IlearnedhowtofillinalegalaidformandIreaddetailsofacase.ThenIwenttoseetheactualtrial,”shesaid.Zarinafounditinterestingtoseehermotheratwork.“It’sreallystrangeseeingMumatwork—runningaround,gettingseriousandtellingpeoplewhattodo.”Shehasalwayslikedthisideaofgoingintolawandthinksitlikelythatshewillfollowinhermother’sfootsteps.Havingachancetoseehowhermotherworkshasgivenhermoreself-confidence.Expertsbelievethatgirlswithhigherself-confidenceaimhigherandaremorelikelytobesuccessfulinlife.Parentshavethemostimportanteffectontheconfidenceofteenagegirls.Ifparentsbelieveintheirdaughtersandshowexamplesbothatworkaswellasathomeforthem,thiswillgivealotofhelptogirls.TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayissurelyastepintherightdirection.8.WhatdoweknowaboutTakeOurDaughterstoWorkDay?A.ItoriginatedinBritain.B.Itisaspecialdayforgirlsofallages.C.Studentsneedn’tattendschoolthatday.D.Itaimstoexpandthegirls’horizonsandmakethemmoreconfident.9.Whichofthefollowingsentencescandescribethechairman’sopinion?A.Boyscandobetterthangirlsinsociety.B.Girlsaremoreoutstandingthanboys.C.Observingwhattheirparentsaredoingmayraisegirls’self-confidence.D.TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayisoflittlesignificancetogirls.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“case”inparagraph4mean?A.AninstanceofaparticularsituationB.AsetofcircumstancesunderofficialinvestigationbythepoliceC.AninstanceofadiseaseD.Apersonsufferingfromadisease11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoTakeOurDaughterstoWorkDay?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDay（带着女儿上班节）的一些相关信息，以及人们对该节日的看法。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thepurposeofthisdayistobroadengirls’horizonsandraisetheirself-confidence.(这一天的目的是开阔女孩的视野，提高她们的自信。)”可知，“带着女儿上班节”的目的是扩大女孩的视野，让她们更自信。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Nowthegirlshaveacloselookatwhattheirparentsaredoingandthismayhelpthemtobemoreself-confidentwhentheyarefacedwithachoiceofwork.(现在，女孩们可以近距离观察父母的所作所为，这可能会帮助她们在面临工作选择时更加自信。)”可知，慈善信托基金会主席认为，观察父母的所作所为可以提高女孩的自信心。故选C。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句前的“Ilearnedhowtofillinalegalaidform(我学会了如何填写法律援助表格)”及画线词后的“ThenIwenttoseetheactualtrial(然后我去看了真正的审判)”可知，此句中的case是“案件”的意思。B项“警方正在正式调查的一系列情况”与之接近。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayissurelyastepintherightdirection.(“带女儿上班日”无疑是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。)”可推断，作者对“带着女儿上班节”持赞许的态度。故选A。DAvoidingahandshakemayhavebeenconsideredimpoliteacoupleofyearsago,butitisnowgettingmoreandmorecommon,especiallybecauseoftheoutbreakofCOVID-19.Healthofficialshaveexpressedtheimportanceofcompletelywashingourhandsandmaintainingproperhandhygiene(卫生).Asaresult,peoplearoundtheworldarecreatingalternativestohandshakessuchasfistbumps(碰，撞)andelbowbumps.Let’stakealookatsomeofthecommongreetingsthatareusedaroundtheworldinplaceofthefamoushandshakeandmoreofthealternativespeopleareusinginsteadofshakingeachothers’hands.IfyouhaveevertraveledtoAsiancountrieslikeChina,India,orCambodia,youmaynoticethatitiscommontoseepeoplebowingtogreeteachother.BowingisatraditionalsignofrespectinmanyAsianculturesandhasbeenacustomforcenturies.Meanwhile,inpartsofEuropelikeFrance,Italy,andSpainandcountriesinLatinAmericalikeMexico,Peru,andBrazil,theairkissismorecommon.Variousrulesregardingthegender,relationship,andformalsoexistwithinthesedifferentcountries.OfficialsincountriesincludingFrancearerecommendingpeopletoavoiddirectkisses.Someotheruniquegreetingsincludesniffing(嗅，闻)oneanother’sfacesinnativeculturesinGreenlandandTuvalu,stickingoutone’stongueinTibet(aregionofChina),andclappingone’shandsintheAfricancountriesofZimbabweandMozambique.WiththespreadofCOVID-19,peoplearegettingcreativewiththewaystheygreeteachother.Atrendthathasgainedadvantageisthe“WuhanShake”,agreetingwheretwopeoplegentlybumpeachother’sfeetwitheachfoot.Moreover,people,includingfamousfigureslikePrinceHarry,USVicePresidentMikePence,andcelebritiesandathletes,havebeengivinguptheformalhandshakeforelbowbumps.Althoughofficialshavenotclearlyissuedwarningsagainstshakinghands,manydoctorsandhealthspecialistshavepraisedthehandshakealternativesasawaytocontinuemaintainingproperhygiene.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1referto?A.COVID-19 B.AhandshakeC.Washingourhands D.Avoidingahandshake13.HowdopeoplecommonlygreeteachotherinCambodia?A.Bysniffingoneanother’sfaces. B.Byclappingone’shands.C.Bybowing. D.Bystickingoutone’stongue.14.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothelastthreeparagraphs?A.PeoplenolongergreeteachotherduetothespreadofCOVID-19.B.“WuhanShake”isagreetinginwhichpeopledoelbowbumps.C.Shakinghandshasbeenprohibitedbythegovernments.D.Thehandshakealternativesareanapproachtomaintainingproperhygiene.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheImpactofCOVID-19onLiving B.NoHandshake?NoProblem!C.FormalGreetingWaysaroundtheWorld D.GoodNewsonCOVID-19Vaccines【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。几年前，避免握手可能会被认为是不礼貌的行为，但现在这种行为越来越常见，尤其是在新冠肺炎暴发后。文章主要介绍了世界各地人们的一些不同的问候方式。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Avoidingahandshakemayhavebeenconsideredimpoliteacoupleofyearsago(几年前，避免握手可能会被认为是不礼貌的行为。)”可知，画线词“it”指的就是“避免握手”这种行为，故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话“IfyouhaveevertraveledtoAsiancountrieslikeChina,India,orCambodia,youmaynoticethatitiscommontoseepeoplebowingtogreeteachother.(如果你去过中国、印度或柬埔寨这样的亚洲国家，你可能会注意到人们互相鞠躬致意是很常见的。)”可知，Cambodia(柬埔寨)通过鞠躬来互相问候，其他三项都不是柬埔寨的问候方式，故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段内容“WiththespreadofCOVID-19,peoplearegettingcreativewiththewaystheygreeteachother.Atrendthathasgainedadvantageisthe“WuhanShake”,agreetingwheretwopeoplegentlybumpeachother’sfeetwitheachfoot.(随着新型冠状病毒感染症(COVID-19病毒)的传播，人们打招呼的方式变得越来越有创意。“武汉摇”是一种流行的打招呼方式，两个人用两只脚轻轻地碰对方的脚。)”可知由于新冠病毒的传播，人们正在创新问候的方式，而不是不再问候，A项错误。“WuhanShake”是一种互相轻轻碰撞脚而不是碰胳膊肘的问候方式，B项错误。根据最后一段“Althoughofficialshavenotclearlyissuedwarningsagainstshakinghands,manydoctorsandhealthspecialistshavepraisedthehandshakealternativesasawaytocontinuemaintainingproperhygiene.(尽管官员们还没有明确发出反对握手的警告，但许多医生和健康专家都称赞握手是一种继续保持适当卫生的方式。)”可知，尽管官员们没有明确发布禁止握手的警告，但许多医生和健康专家都称赞握手的替代方式是继续保持适当卫生的一种途径，因此C项错误，D项正确。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了世界各地人们的一些不同的问候方式，受新冠肺炎影响，人们正在用其他问候方式来代替握手，因此B项最适合作为文章标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howmanytimeshaveyoustartedtomakechangesinyourlife,studyacertaintopic,orstartacertainproject,onlytostopafterashortwhile?____16____Inordertoachievesomething,youneedthedrivingforce.Sohowtogetit?Hereareafewtipsthatcanhelpyou.____17____Itiseasiertodisplaymotivation(动力)inconnectionwithshort-termgoals.Whenitcomestolong-termgoals,itisalwayshardtokeepthemotivationforalongperiodoftime,unlessyouhavestrongdetermination.Thisiswhyitiswisertostartwithsmallgoals,whichyoucanfinishquitefast.Afterlearningtoawakenmotivationandincreasetheambition(抱负),youcanproceedtobiggergoals.Makeyourgoalveryclear____18____Themorespecificitis,theeasieritwouldbetofocusonitandawakenthenecessarymotivation.MakeworkableplansWithsmallstepsthatareeasytofollow,insistontakingatleastonestepaday.Thiswillgiveyouconfidence,makingyoubelievethegoaliswithinyourreach.____19____ReadencouragingquotesIsuggestthatyoureadafewinthemorningandagainatnight,beforeyougotosleep.____20____Youcanwritedownafeworsavetheminyourphone.So,whatareyouwaitingfor?Ifyouwanttomakechangesinyourlifeyouneedtostartthemnow,thisverymoment,andnottomorrow.A.Awakenthemotivation.B.Startwithsmallgoals.C.Youmayalsoreadthematanyothertimeoftheday.D.Whatisaninnerdrivingforce,andwhydoweneedit?E.Writingitdownwillhelpyoudescribeitinclearandbriefwords.F.Itismainlyduetolackofaninnerdrivingforce.G.Whenyouseeagoalasdoable(可行的),itwouldbeeasiertobecomemotivatedandenergetic.【答案】16.F17.B18.E19.G20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了激发个人内在动力的几条建议。【16题详解】根据空前的问句“Howmanytimeshaveyoustartedtomakechangesinyourlife,studyacertaintopic,orstartacertainproject,onlytostopafterashortwhile?(有多少次你开始改变你的生活，学习某个特定的主题，或开始某个特定的项目，只是在短暂的一段时间后停止？)”和空后的句子“Inordertoachievesomething,youneedthedrivingforce.(为了实现某件事，你需要驱动力。)”可知，F项“Itismainlyduetolackofaninnerdrivingforce.(主要是缺乏内在动力。)”既回答了前面的问题即有很多想法却始终没有做出改变的原因，又与下文“内驱力”相承接。故选F。【17题详解】根据下文“Itiseasiertodisplaymotivation(动力)inconnectionwithshort-termgoals.(在短期目标方面更容易表现出动力。)”可知，本段主要内容为通过论述短期目标的好处和长期目标的弊端，得出结论：为什么选择小目标是明智的，故B选项“Startwithsmallgoals.(从小目标开始。)”概括本段，适合作为小标题。故选B。【18题详解】根据本段小标题“Makeyourgoalveryclear.(明确你的目标)”可知，后文应该强调的是对具体做法的解释。E选项“Writingitdownwillhelpyoudescribeitinclearandbriefwords.(把它写下来可以帮助你用清晰简短的语言描述它。)”，强调的是如何让目标更加明确。此外，it指代标题中的yourgoal；clear也复现了标题中的clear。故选E。【19题详解】G项“Whenyouseeagoalasdoable(可行的),itwouldbeeasiertobecomemotivatedandenergetic.(当你看到一个目标是可行的，它会更容易变得积极和精力充沛。)”中doable(可做)与该段小标题中的workable构成同义词复现，讲的都是制定可行的目标计划，也与空前的“Thiswillgiveyouconfidence,makingyoubelievethegoaliswithinyourreach.(这会给你信心，让你相信目标是可以实现的。)”相呼应。故选G。【20题详解】根据前文的“Isuggestthatyoureadafewinthemorningandagainatnight,beforeyougotosleep.(我建议你在早上读几本，晚上睡觉前再读几本。)”可知强调的是早上或者晚上读书都可以。C选项“Youmayalsoreadthematanyothertimeoftheday.(你也可以在一天中的任何其他时间阅读它们。)”与此前一句构成并列关系，讲的都是读书的时间选择。故选C。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Oneday,aprofessor(教授)enteredhisclassroomandaskedhisstudentstoprepareforasurprisetest.Theyallwaitedanxiouslyattheirdesksforthe____21____tobegin.Theprofessor____22____theexampaperswiththetextfacingdownasusual.Oncehehandedthemallout,heaskedthestudentsto____23____thepapers.Toeveryone’s____24____,therewerenoquestions—justablack____25____inthecentreofthepaper.Theprofessor,seeingthe____26____oneveryone’sfaces,toldthemthefollowing:“Iwantyoutowriteaboutwhatyouseethere.”Thestudents,confused,gotstartedontheverytask.Atthe____27____oftheclass,theprofessortookalltheexams,____28____eachoneofthemloudinfrontofallthestudents.Allofthem,____29____exception,describedtheblackdot(小圆点),tryingtoexplainitspositioninthecenterofthesheet.Afterallhadbeenread,theclassroom____30____,theprofessorstartedtoexplain:“I’mnotgoingto____31____youonthis;Ijustwanttogiveyousomethingtothinkabout.Noonewroteaboutthe____32____partofthepaper.Everyonefocusedontheblackdot—andthesamething____33____inourlives.However,weinsiston____34____onlyontheblackdot—thehealthissuesthattroubleus,the____35____ofmoney,thecomplicated(复杂的)friendshipwithafamilymember,the____36____withafriend.Thedarkspotsarevery____37____whencomparedtoeverythingwehaveinourlives,____38____theyaretheonesthatpolluteourminds.Takeyoureyes____39____fromtheblackdotsinyourlives.Enjoyeachoneofyourblessings,eachmomentthatlifegivesyou.Be____40____andlivealifefilledwithlove!”21.A.class B.exam C.lesson D.lecture22.A.putout B.carriedout C.leftout D.handedout23.A.turndown B.turnout C.turnover D.turnto24.A.anger B.surprise C.sorrow D.joy25.A.dot B.mark C.sign D.cross26.A.explanations B.expressions C.looks D.smiles27.A.end B.beginning C.half D.middle28.A.showing B.writing C.drawing D.reading29.A.with B.including C.beyond D.without30.A.bright B.noisy C.crowded D.silent31.A.matter B.grade C.excuse D.follow32.A.black B.white C.central D.most33.A.appears B.arrives C.comes D.happens34.A.focusing B.questioning C.agreeing D.watching35.A.sum B.desire C.number D.lack36.A.happiness B.amazement C.disappointment D.enjoyment37.A.great B.big C.small D.important38.A.or B.but C.so D.besides39.A.away B.out C.off D.down40.A.healthy B.generous C.happy D.lovely【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.B25.A26.B27.A28.D29.D30.D31.B32.B33.D34.A35.D36.C37.C38.B39.A40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述教授通过让学生们做一份特殊的试卷而给学生们上了一堂生动的哲理课，不要太关注人的不完美，要好好享受我们所拥有的美好！【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。他们都焦急地在课桌前等待考试开始。A.class班级；B.exam考试；C.lesson课程；D.lecture讲座。根据前文“askedhisstudentstoprepareforasurprisetest.”可知学生们焦急的等待考试。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：教授像往常一样把试卷朝下分发。A.putout扑灭；B.carriedout开展；C.leftout漏掉；D.handedout分发。根据后文“theexampapers”和“Oncehehandedthemallout”可知，考试的时候是下发试卷。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：试卷分发完毕后，教授要求学生翻开试卷。A.turndown拒绝；B.turnout结果是；C.turnover翻过来；D.turnto转向，求助。根据后文“Toeveryone’s____4____,therewerenoquestions—justablack____5____inthecentreofthepaper.”可知，是教授让学生们翻开试卷。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令学生们吃惊的是，试卷上并没有问题。A.anger生气；B.surprise惊讶；C.sorrow悲伤；D.joy高兴。根据后文的“therewerenoquestions”可知，试卷中没有内容，故学生们是吃惊的。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令学生们吃惊的是，试卷上并没有问题—在试卷的中心只有一个黑点。A.dot圆点；B.mark标记；C.sign标志；D.cross叉号。根据后文的“Allofthem,____9____exception,describedtheblackdot(小圆点),tryingtoexplainitspositioninthecenterofthesheet.”，可知试卷中心只有一个黑点。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：教授看到了每个人的脸上的表情。A.explanations解释；B.expressions表达，表情；C.looks外表；D.smiles微笑。根据后文的“oneveryone’sfaces”可是看到的是脸上的表情。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在考试结束的时候，教授把所有卷子收上来。A.end结束；B.beginning开始；C.half一半；D.middle中间。根据后文的“theprofessortookalltheexams”可知，是考试结束了，教授收卷子。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在所有学生面前大声阅读每一个人的答案。A.showing展示；B.writing写；C.drawing画；D.reading阅读。根据后文的“oneofthemloudinfrontofallthestudents”可知是大声的读出来。故选D。【29题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：他们所有人无一例外地描述了黑点。A.with和；B.including包括；C.beyond超过；D.without没有。根据前文的“Allofthem”可知，所有的人，无一例外。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教授读完后，大家都沉默了。A.bright明亮的；B.noisy喧闹的；C.crowded拥挤的；D.silent沉默的。根据后文的“theprofessorstartedtoexplain”可知，是大家都沉默了。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会给你们打分，我只是想让你们思考一些东西。A.matter要紧；B.grade打分数；C.excuse原谅，宽恕；D.follow跟随。根据后文的“Ijustwanttogiveyousomethingtothinkabout.”可知，教授不会打分给学生的，因为他只是想让学生们思考一些东西。故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没人关注卷子的空白部分。A.black黑色的；B.white白色；C.central中央的；D.most最多的。根据后文的“Everyonefocusedontheblackdot”可知，所有的学生都关注的是黑色点，而没有关注白色。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都在关注这个黑点，并且相同的事情在我们的生活中也会发生。A.appears出现；B.arrives到达；C.comes来；D.happens发生。根据空前的“thesamething”可知，是同样的事情也会发生在我们的生活中。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词动名词形式词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点——困扰我们的健康问题，缺钱，复杂的友谊和家庭成员的关系，对朋友的失望。A.focusing集中；B.questioning质问；C.agreeing同意；D.watching观看。根据后文的“thehealthissuesthattroubleus,the____15____ofmoney,thecomplicated(复杂的)friendshipwithafamilymember,the____16____withafriend.”可知，我们关注的总是黑点，即生活中的不好的事情。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.sum总计；B.desire渴望；C.number数字；D.lack缺乏。根据前文“thehealthissuesthattroubleus”可知，我们总是关注不好的事情，与前文构成并列。故应该是缺钱。故选D。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.happiness高兴；B.amazement惊讶；C.disapointement失望；D.enjoyment享受。根据前文“thehealthissuesthattroubleus”可知，我们总是关注不好的事情，与前文构成并列，故应该是对朋友的失望。故选C。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相对于我们生活中的事情来说，黑点只占了很小的一个比例。A.great伟大的；B.big大的；C.small小的；D.important重要的。根据后文“whencomparedtoeverything”可知，当与生活中的一切进行比较的时候，黑点只占了很小的比例。故选C