2024-2025学年高中英语Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅡTheLanguagePointsofReading教学案新人教版选修6

PAGE1-SectionⅡTheLanguagePointsofReading课前重点检测Ⅰ.重点词汇1．consume(vt.)消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完→consumer(n.)消费者2．graph(n.)图表；坐标图；曲线图3．random(adj.)胡乱的；随意的4．phenomenon(n.)现象→phenomena(复数)现象5．subscribe(vt.)签署(文件)；捐助(vi.)同意；捐赠；订阅6．quantity(n.)量；数量→quality(n.)质量7．tend(vi.)趋向；易于；照看(vt.)照看；护理→tendency(n.)趋势8．data(n.)资料；数据9．oppose(vt.)反对；抗拒；与(某人)较量→opposed(adj.)反对的；对立的10．mild(adj.)温顺的；温顺的；淡的11．consequence(n.)结果；后果；影响→consequently(adv.)因此；所以12．state(vt.)陈述；说明→statement(n.)说明；说法；表明13．range(n.)种类；范围14．glance(vi.)扫视；看一下(n.)一瞥15．steady(adj.)平稳的；持续的；稳固的→steadily(adv.)平稳地；持续地16．result_in导致17．subscribe_to同意；赞助；订阅18．quantities_of大量的19．go_up上升；增长；升起20．tend_to往往；倾向于21．keep_on持续22．build_up积累；增加23．be_opposed_to反对24．come_about发生25．even_if即使Ⅱ.教材原句1．Wedependonenergy________(do)manythingsinourdailylives.答案：todo2．Makealistofthethings________consumeenergyinyourhome,school,oranyotherplacesyoucanthinkof.答案：that3．So________hasthiscomeaboutanddoesitmatter?答案：how4．Thereisnodoubt________theearthisbecomingwarmer(seeGraph1)andthatitishumanactivity________hascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.答案：that;that5．Theproblembeginswhenweaddhuge________(quantity)ofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.答案：quantities6．Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmosphere________(cause)theglobaltemperaturetogoup.答案：causing7．Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresulted________thisincreaseincarbondioxide.答案：in8．Ontheotherhand,therearethose,likeGeorgeHambley,________areopposedtothisviewandbelievethatweshouldnotworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxideintheair.答案：who9．Theypredictthatanywarmingwillbemildwithfewbadenvironmental________(consequence)．答案：consequences10．Itwillmakeplantsgrowquicker;cropswillproducemore;itwillencouragea________(great)rangeofanimals—allof________willmakelifeforhumanbeingsbetter.答案：greater;which课堂分段精讲[第1段]1．Sohowhasthiscome_aboutanddoesitmatter？(教材P26)那么，这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢？会产生什么影响呢？comeabout发生；造成①Thedriverwouldn'ttellmehowtheaccidentcame_about.司机就是不告知我事故是怎样发生的。②How_did_it_come_about_thatyouwereanhourlate?你怎么会迟到一小时？③Generallyspeaking,magazinescome_outatstatedperiods.一般来说，杂志定时出版。名师点津comeabout是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态中，常指事情不受人限制地突然发生。常用句型：Howdiditcomeaboutthat...？“……是怎么发生的？”；Itcameaboutthat...“……发生了”。辨析：happen,breakout,takeplace,comeabout与occurhappen一般用语。指偶然、意外的，未能预见事情的发生或出现。其后接不定式或用在“Ithappens/happenedthat...”句型中续表breakout指“(斗争、火灾、疾病等)突然发生，爆发”takeplace指“按支配、支配做……”；可引申为“进行，实行”comeabout表示“发生，产生”，多指事情已经发生了但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句中occur可指“偶然发生”，也指“支配发生某事”；occur还表示“突然想到”，常用于“Itoccurs/occurredtosb.that...”句型中④I'llneverunderstandhowitcame_aboutthatyouwerelatethreetimesaweek.我恒久不会理解你怎么会一周迟到三次。⑤Aleapyearoccurseveryfouryears.每四年出现一次闰年。【即景活用】单句写作①已经10点了。我在想那么短的路途她迟到两小时是怎么回事。It'salready10o'clock.Iwonderhowit______________thatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.②我偶然遇见了那个正睡在桥下的孩子。I________________thechildsleepingunderthebridge.③在激烈探讨之后，我们找到了这个问题的解决方法。Afteraheateddiscussion,we____________________thesolutiontothequestion.④我突然想到其次天晚上将有一场中国队和韩国队的篮球竞赛。Itsuddenly________________methattherewouldbeabasketballmatchbetweenChinaandSouthKoreathenextevening.答案：①cameabout②cameacross③cameupwith④occurredto[第2段]2．There_is_no_doubt_thattheearthisbecomingwarmer(seeGraph1)andthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.(教材P26)毫无疑问，地球是在转暖(见表1)，全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……[剖析]此句为主从复合句，名词doubt后面为that引导的两个并列的同位语从句。构成结构：Thereisnodoubtthat...“毫无疑问……”。①There_is_no_doubt_thattheSyrianshavesufferedalotfromthewar.毫无疑问，叙利亚人民因为斗争而遭遇了很多苦痛。②There_is_some_doubt_whetherthesecreaturescanunderstandourmeansofcommunication.这些生物能否懂得我们的沟通方式值得怀疑。③I_doubt_whether/ifhecancomeontime.我怀疑他能否按时来。④Hishonestyisbeyond_doubt.他的诚恳毋庸置疑。名师点津及物动词doubt后接名词、代词或宾语从句。在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在确定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。【即景活用1】单句写作①Hehadhisdoubts________________________(他们是否会给)himanotherchancetohaveatry.②Heis________________(毫无疑问)theclevereststudentI'veevertaught.③Theiracceptanceofthecontractisstill____________(不确定)．答案：①whethertheywouldgive②withoutdoubt③indoubtrandomadj.胡乱的；随意的①Theinformationisprocessedinarandomorder.信息是按随机依次处理的。②Hetookabookat_randomfromtheshelf.他从书架上随意拿了一本书。【即景活用2】单句语法填空①Theterroristsfiredintothecrowd________random.②Nameswerechosen________(random)fromalist.答案：①at②randomly[第3段]3．Allscientistssubscribe_totheviewthattheincreaseintheearth'stemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuelslikecoal,naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy.(教材P26)全部科学家都同意这个观点，即地球温度的上升，是由于人们燃烧像煤、自然气和石油这样的化石燃料来生产能量而引起的。subscribeto同意；赞成；订购；定期捐款给……①Ifyousubscribe_tothenewspaper,it'llbedeliveredtoyourdoor.假如你订阅报纸，它会被送到门口的。②Hesubscribes_toanenvironmentalactiongroup.他定期捐钱给一个环保行动组织。③Ihaveneversubscribed_totheviewthatschooldaysarethehappiestdaysofyourlife.我从未赞同过这样的看法，认为学生时代是一生中最欢乐的日子。【即景活用】单句语法填空①Isubscribed________amonthlymagazine.②Thenumberofphone________(subscribe)increasedlastmonth.答案：①to②subscribers4．Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugequantitiesofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.(教材P26)当我们在大气层中增加了大量的额外的二氧化碳的时候，问题就来了。quantityn．数量①Qualityinsteadofquantityshouldbefocusedonforthesustainabledevelopmentoftheindustry.为了工业的可持续发展，应当关注质而不是量。②Quantities_offoodandtentsweresenttothedisasterarea.大量的食品和帐篷被运到灾区。③A_large_quantity_ofbookshavebeenofferedtous.大量的书被供应应我们。④Buyvegetablesin_small_quantities,_foryourimmediateuse.蔬菜不要多买，现买现用。名师点津(1)aquantityof与quantitiesof后可接不行数名词或可数名词的复数形式。(2)“aquantityof＋不行数名词/可数名词复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数依据of后名词的形式而定。“quantitiesof＋不行数名词或可数名词复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词均用复数。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空①Heconsumedalargequantity________alcohol.②Hugequantitiesofoil________(be)spillingintotheseaatpresent.答案：①of②are(2)单句改错AlargequantityofairconditionershasbeensoldsinceJune.________________________________________________________答案：has→have5．Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogo_up.(教材P26)这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。tendvi.趋向；易于；照看vt.照看；护理①Myfamilytend_tobequitelong－lived.我家族的人大都相当长寿。②Hisviewstend_towardstheextreme.他的观点趋于偏激。③Doctorsandnursestendedtotheinjured.医生和护士护理伤员。【即景活用1】单句语法填空①Shetends________(get)angrywhenothersdisagreewithher.②Ashepherdtends________thesheep.③Thedrugiseffectivebuthasa________(tend)tocauseheadaches.答案：①toget②to③tendencygoup上升；增长；升起①Wewatchedthenationalflaggo_upslowlywithpride.我们骄傲地凝视着国旗渐渐升起。②Don'tgo_againstyourparents'wishes.不要违反父母的意愿。③Besureyouareright,thengo_ahead.确信正确，切莫畏缩。④Itwillbewisetogo_overyourtestpaperagain.还是把你的考卷再检查一遍的好。⑤Thecountryhasgone_throughtoomanywars.这个国家经验了太多的斗争。名师点津goup为不及物动词短语，不行用于被动语态中。【即景活用2】单句写作①价格已经上涨到每分钟1.95美元，这超过了我的支付实力。Thecosthas________________$1.95aminute.It'sbeyondmyabilitytopay.②她担忧没有鞋子能和她的礼服相配。Shewasworriedabout________________herdress.③随着岁月的消逝，祖母的身体也更加瘦弱了。Mygrandmotherwasbecomingweaker____________________.答案：①goneupto②nothavingshoestogowith③astimewentby[第5段]6．Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresulted_inthisincreaseincarbondioxide.(教材P26)他们还赞同下述观点：正是由于越来越多燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。resultin导致图解助记辨析：resultin,resultfrom,asaresult与asaresultofresultin表示“引起某种结果”，句子的主语是缘由，in的宾语是结果resultfrom意为“因……而发生”，主语为结果，宾语为起因asaresult意为“结果，因此”，在句中作状语，常置于句首，并用逗号和句子隔开asaresultof意为“作为……的结果”，即由某事引起①Stressandtirednessoftenresult_inalackofconcentration.惊慌和疲惫常导致人精神不集中。②Theterribleaccidentresulted_fromhiscarelessness.那起可怕的意外事务因他的疏忽大意而引起。③Tombrokehislegs,as_a_result,_hewastakentohospital.汤姆的腿骨折了，因此被送进了医院。④As_a_result_ofherhardwork,shewasfinallyadmittedtoheridealuniversity.她勤奋苦读，最终考进了她志向的高校。⑤Hewentovereachnumberagain,butwithout_result.他把每个数字又检查了一遍，却仍没有结果。【即景活用】单句写作①导致两人死亡的事故源于马虎驾驶。Theaccidentthatresulted________thedeathoftwopersonsresulted________carelessdriving.②结果，坏事变成了好事。__________________，thebadthingturnedintoagoodone.③这场冲突使他同时失去了居处和生计来源。________________thisconflict,helostbothhishomeandhismeansofbusiness.答案：①in;from②Asaresult③Asaresultof[第6段]7．Ontheotherhand,therearethose,likeGeorgeHambley,whoareopposedtothisviewandbelievethatweshouldnotworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxideintheair.(教材P27)在另一方面，还有一些人，像乔治·汉布利，反对这个观点，他们认为我们不必担忧空气中有高含量的二氧化碳。opposevt.反对；对抗；与(某人)较量①Manypeopleare_opposed_toanychangetothecurrentlegislation.很多人反对对当前立法进行任何改动。②Iopposeyourgoingtherealone.我反对你单独去那里。名师点津“反对/同意(做)某事”的多种表达：(1)“反对(做)某事”的表达有：beopposedto(doing)sth.,oppose(doing)sth.,objectto(doing)sth.,beagainst(doing)sth.。(2)“同意(做)某事”的表达有：agreetodosth.,beinfavourofsth.,befor(doing)sth.,subscribetosth.。【即景活用】单句语法填空①Itwasnottheplanthatwewereopposed________.②Aftertheprofessorwasopposedto________(carry)outtheproject,themediafocusedonit.③Theeffectofthemedicationwas________(oppose)tothatintended.答案：①to②carrying③opposite8．Theypredictthatanywarmingwillbemildwithfewbadenvironmentalconsequences.(教材P27)他们预言说，变暖的状况不会很严峻，对环境的影响也不会太坏。consequencen．结果；后果；影响①Don'tbeuneasyabouttheconsequences.不必为后果忧虑担忧。②Wedidn'thaveenoughmoneytopayourbusfare,andin_consequencewehadtowalk.我们没有足够的钱买车票，所以只能步行。③Heisamanof_little_consequenceintheLabourParty.他是工党中无足轻重的人物。④Hehadbeenillforalongtimeandconsequentlyhewasbehindinhiswork.他病了很久，因此耽搁了功课。【即景活用】单句语法填空①In________(consequent)ofhishardwork,hewasawardedheavilybythecommittee.②Idon'tsupposeitisof________consequencenow.答案：①consequence②any9．Infact,Hambleystates,_“Morecarbondioxideisactuallyapositivething.Itwillmakeplantsgrowquicker;cropswillproducemore;itwillencourageagreaterrangeofanimals—allofwhichwillmakelifeforhumanbeingsbetter.”(教材P27)事实上，汉布利是这样说的：“二氧化碳含量的增加事实上是件好事，它使植物生长更快，庄稼产量更高，还能促进动物的增多——全部这些都能改善人类的生活。”statevt.陈述；说明①Thewitnessstatedthathehadnotseenthewomanbefore.该证人说他从未见过这个女人。②Theroadsarein_aterriblestateaftertheseverewinterweather.严冬过后，这些马路的路况很差。③Wemustpaytaxestothestate.我们应当向国家交税。【即景活用1】(1)单句语法填空①Havingwitnessedtheaccident,Ithoughtitwasmydutytomakea________(state)tothepolice.②Shewepttoseehim________suchamiserablestate.答案：①statement②in(2)单句写作据称，那家医院的医疗水准在不断下降。________________thatstandardsatthehospitalweredropping.答案：Itwasstatedrangen．种类；范围图解助记①Theelegantladycamewithin_my_range_ofvision.这位优雅的女士进入了我的视野。②Thefrontierranges_fromthenorthernhilltothesoutherncoast.边界从北部山地始终延长到南部海岸。③A_wide_range_ofcoloursandpatternsareavailable.各种颜色和样式都有。④Rangethecardsintheorderoftheletters.把卡片按字母依次排列。【即景活用2】(1)单句语法填空①Wecan'taffordthehouse,becausethepriceiswell________ourrange.②Shehasawiderangeofinterests,________(range)fromplayingchesstoswimming.答案：①beyond②ranging(2)单句写作这家餐馆因其供应的适合各种口味和消费水平的顾客的食物而广受欢迎。Thisrestauranthasbecomepopularforits____________foodsthatsuitalltastesandpockets.答案：widerangeof[第7段]10．Even_ifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases,theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.(教材P27)即使我们起先削减二氧化碳及其他温室气体的含量，在(将来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。evenif引导的让步状语从句[剖析]本句中的从句为evenif引导的让步状语从句，连接词意为“即使；尽管”。①Even_if/thoughyoutravelinidealweather,seajourneyswilltakealongtime.即使你旅行的天气志向，海上旅行所花的时间也较长。②Although/Thoughpoor,theyarehonest.尽管穷，但他们很诚恳。③WhileIamwillingtohelp,Idonothavemuchtimeavailable.尽管我情愿帮忙，但是我没有多少时间。④Tryas/thoughhemight(＝Howeverhardhetried＝Although/Thoughhetriedashardaspossible),hecouldn'topenthedoor.他想尽了方法也没能打开门。【即景活用】单句语法填空①Heissobusy.Hecannotaffordenoughtimetostaywithhissoneven________hewantsto.②Even________hewasgettingangry,hisvoiceremainedlevel.答案：①if/though②though/if11．Glancequicklyatthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.(教材P27)快速阅读杂志文章，并回答下列问题。glancevi.看一下；扫视n．一瞥glanceat阅读①Tomglanced_at/took_a_glance_atthenewspaperheadlines.汤姆匆忙看了一眼报纸的大标题。②At_first_glancetheproblemseemedeasy.乍一看问题好像很简单。辨析：stareat,glanceat,glimpseat与glareatstareat长时间的盯着看。有艳羡或惊异的意思glanceat匆忙一看，瞥视。看的时间短暂，强调动作glimpseat无意识的一瞥。强调结果glareat怒目而视。有敌对心情③It'srudetostare_atourguest.盯着我们的客人看是粗鲁的。④Themanagerglanced_atthedocumentandsignedhisname.经理阅读了文件，并且签了名。⑤Iglimpsed_atheramongthecrowdjustnow.刚才我在拥挤的人群中瞥见了她。⑥Thedogglared_atthestrangerandbarked.狗怒视着这个生疏人，狂叫着。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Shetookarapidglance________meandloweredhereyes.答案：at(2)单句写作①窃贼匆忙环顾了一下，便溜进了那幢房屋。Theburglartookaquick________________andthenstoleintothehouse.②他一眼就看出了问题所在。Hecouldtell_____________whatwaswrong.答案：①glancearound②ataglance课后演练提能课后演练一Ⅰ.完形填空Pollutionhasbeenknowntoexistforaverylongtime,andweknowatleastsincepeople__1__usingfirethousandsofyearsago.Ithasseenthegrowthoftrulyglobalproportionsonlysincetheonsetofthe__2__revolutionduringthe19thcentury.Environmentalpollutionisaproblembothindevelopedand__3__countries.Factorssuchaspopulation__4__andurbanization(城市化进程)invariablyplacegreatdemandsonthe__5__andstretchtheuseofnatural__6__tothemaximum.Environmentalpollutioniscausingalotofdistressnotonlytohumansbutalsoto__7__，drivingmanyanimal__8__toendangermentandeven__9__.Thetrans­boundarynatureofenvironmentalpollutionmakesitevenmoredifficulttomanage—youcannotbuildstonewallsalongthe__10__ofyourcountry.Everythingonourplanetisinterconnected.Andthenaturesuppliesuswithvaluableenvironmentalserviceswithout__11__wecannotexist.Weall12eachother'sactionsandthewaywetreatnaturalresources.It'swidely__13__thatwearehugelyoverspendingourcurrentbudgetofnaturalresources—__14__theexistingratesofitsexploitation,andthereisnowayfortheenvironmentto__15__ingoodtimeandcontinue“performing”well__16__.Perhapsweshould__17__aholisticviewofnature—itisnotanentitythatexistsseparatelyfromus;thenatureisus,wearea(n)__18__partofit,andweshould__19__itinthemostappropriatemanner.__20__thencanwepossiblysolvetheproblemofenvironmentalpollution.篇章导读：本文是一篇争论文。污染自从几千年前人类用火的时候就起先了，19世纪工业革命时期起先突出显现。污染是无国界的，我们要用整体的观点去看待大自然，即我们是大自然的一部分，只有用最合适的方式关爱大自然，我们才可能解决污染问题。1．A.finished B．startedC．stopped D．avoided答案：B数千年前，人们起先(start)运用火。句意：我们知道污染存在已久，至少从人类几千年前起先运用火时。2．A.industry B．industrialC．industrialism D．industrious答案：B依据句中的时间状语及其次段中关于城市化进程的描述可知，此处表示工业革命(industrialrevolution)起先时。3.A.developing B．developsC．poor D．rich答案：A依据常识，世界上的国家分为两类，一类是发达国家，一类是发展中国家。developingcountries“发展中国家”。4.A.rise B．raiseC．increase D．growth答案：D名词短语“人口增长”有两种表达形式：populationgrowth和increaseofpopulation。5.A.country B．groundC．planet D．space答案：C句意：诸如人口增长、城市化进程等因素都不行避开地对我们的星球提出了巨大的需求。planet“星球”，符合语境。6.A.energy B．resourcesC．source D．strength答案：B依据语境可知，此处表示“人类最大程度地运用着自然资源”。resource“资源”，符合语境。7.A.animals B．plantsC．people D．man答案：A依据空前的humans和空后的animal可知，应选A项。8.A.species B．kindsC．groups D．society答案：A依据英语表达习惯及本句句意可知，species“物种”，符合题意。9.A.exist B．existenceC．existing D．extinction答案：D前面说“……使很多动物物种处于危急中”，然后用了even说明后果更加严峻，故选D项。extinction“灭亡”。10.A.boundary B．forestC．border D．soil答案：C依据句意可知，环境污染的“无国界性”使它更加难以限制——你不行能在国家的边界建一道道石墙。border“边界；国界”，为正确选项。boundary“界限；分界线”，一般指在行政区域内，而不是国与国之间的界限。11.A.that B．whichC．/ D．where答案：B定语从句的引导词位于介词后且先行词为物时，引导词应用which。12．A.takepartin B．attendtoC．lookat D．dependon答案：D上句说“自然供应应我们赖以生存的环境资源”，故此处表示“我们都相互依靠着彼此的行为和对待自然资源的方式”。dependon“依靠；依靠”，符合题意。13．A.heard B．recognizedC．reported D．said答案：B句意：我们都意识到，我们正过度挥霍大自然现有的资源。recognize“意识到”。14．A.by B．inC．with D．at答案：D表示“以……的速度、进度”，用介词at。15．A.recover B．removeC．react D．recreate答案：A依据上文语境：人类过度运用自然资源可知，人类没有方法使环境刚好复原(recover)。16．A.nowadays B．inthefutureC．recently D．atpresent答案：B由continue“接着”可知，inthefuture“在将来”，符合题意。17．A.express B．conveyC．adopt D．adapt答案：C本句意为：或许我们应当实行(adopt)一种整体的观点去看待大自然……18．A.alienable B．separatedC．inalienable D．divided答案：C自然就是我们，我们是自然不行分割的一部分，所以应以最恰当的方式对待它。inalienable“不行分割的”，符合题意。19．A.carefor B．becarefulC．lookout D．takecare答案：Acarefor“爱惜；照看；照料”，此处表示爱惜自然环境。其余三项意为“当心”，均不符合题意。20．A.Until B．SinceC．Only D．Till答案：C本句的语序为倒装语序。在英语中以“only＋状语”放在句子开头时，句子要运用倒装语序。Ⅱ.阅读理解A(2024·陕西省部分学校摸底检测)Scientistsarepreparingtolaunchtheworld'sfirstmachinetocleanuptheplanet'slargestmassofoceanplastic.Theexpertsbelievethemachineshouldbeabletocollecthalfofthedetritusinthepatch—about40,000metrictons—withinfiveyears.Inthepastfewweekstheyhavebeenbusyweldingtogethergianttubesthatwillsitonthesurfaceoftheseaandformtheskeletoneq\a\vs4\al(W1)ofthemachine,creatingthelargestfloatingbarrierevermade.Thesystem,originallydreamtupbyMrSlat,willbeshippedoutthissummertotheGreatPacificGarbagePatch,betweenHawaiiandCalifornia,whichcontainsestimated1.8trillionpiecesofplastic.Itwillbethefirsteverattempttotacklethepatchsinceitwasdiscoveredin1997.MrSlatwas16andstillatschoolwhenhewasdivinginGreeceandfirstsawforhimselftheamountofplasticpollutingthesea.“Thereweremorebagsthanfishdownthere，”herecalls.Twoyearslaterhecameupwitheq\a\vs4\al(P)asolution,quituniversityaftersixmonthsandsetupTheOceanCleanupasacompany.MrSlatsaysthefirstplastictoarriveonshorewillbeamajormilestone.“Weashumanitycreatedthisproblem,soIthinkit'salsoourresponsibilitytohelpsolveit，”hesays.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatch(GPGP)coversanareaof1.6millionsquarekilometersandcontainsatleast79,000tonsofplastic,researchfoundlastmonth.Mostofitismadeupof“ghostgear”—partsofabandonedandlostfishinggear,suchasnetsandropes—oftenfromillegalfishingvessels.Ghostgearkillsmorethan100,000whales,dolphinsandsealseachyear,accordingtoscientificsurveys.Seabirdsandothermarineeq\a\vs4\al(W2)lifeareincreasinglybeingfounddeadwithstomachsfullofsmallpiecesofplastic.Creatureseatplasticdiscardedintheseathinkingit'sfoodbutthenstarvetodeathbecausetheyarenotfeedingproperly.Othersaretrappedanddieofstarvationorarestrangledeq\a\vs4\al(W3)orsuffocatedeq\a\vs4\al(W4)byghostgear.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的独创。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A．Waste. B．Ocean.C．System. D．Machine.答案：A词义揣测题。依据其次段画线词前的“collecthalfof”，第四段第一句中的“firstsawforhimselftheamountofplasticpollutingthesea”和第五段最终一句中的“partsofabandonedandlostfishinggear,suchasnetsandropes—oftenfromillegalfishingvessels”可推知，画线词的意思是“垃圾”，故选A。2．WhichonemakesupmostofthegarbageinPacificfromthepassage?A．Fishingvessels. B．Dolphinsandseals.C．Gianttubes. D．Abandonedfishinggear.答案：D细微环节理解题。依据第五段最终一句“Mostofitismadeupof‘ghostgear’—partsofabandonedandlostfishinggear,suchasnetsandropes—oftenfromillegalfishingvessels.”可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由废弃的钓鱼用具组成的。3．WhydosomecreaturesinTheGreatPacificGarbagePatchdieofstarvation?A．Becausetheyarekilledbyghostgear.B．Becausetheyaresuffocatedbyghostgear.C．Becausetheydon'tlikeeatingplastic.D．Becausetheyarenotfeedingproperly.答案：D细微环节理解题。依据最终一段倒数其次句中的“butthenstarvetodeathbecausetheyarenotfeedingproperly”可知，太平洋垃圾带的一些生物死于饥饿是因为它们不能真正地进食。4．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Areportaboutthedeathofmarinelife.B．Newsaboutthefirstmachinetocleanupoceanplastic.C．Informationaboutoceanplastic.D．Thereasonforinventingamachine.答案：B主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的独创。第一段“Scientistsarepreparingtolaunchtheworld'sfirstmachinetocleanuptheplanet'slargestmassofoceanplastic.”点明白文章的主题，故选B。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．skeletonn.(建筑物等的)构架；框架；骨架2．marineadj.海洋的；海产的3．stranglevt.抑制；扼死4．suffocatevt.(使某人)窒息而死eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)comeupwith(突然)想起B(2024·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研考试)WorkersatanIndianstart­upcompanyarebusycuttingmetalintopiecesandusingthemtomakeunusualdevices.Companyofficialssaythesedeviceswillcapturesmokefromdieseleq\a\vs4\al(W1)generatorsandturnitintoink.YoungengineersbelievethetechnologywillhelptocleanuptheairinNewDelhi,India'scapital.Itsairqualityisamongthedirtiestintheworld.PeopleoftenblamethemillionsofcarsonthestreetsofNewDelhiforeq\a\vs4\al(P1)theairpollution.Butanotherbigreasonisthecity'sdieselgenerators.Industriesandbuildingsusethehugemachinestolightuphomesandofficesduringpoweroutageseq\a\vs4\al(W2).Theseoutagesoftenstrikeinthesummermonths.ArpitDhuparisoneofthethreeengineerswhosetupthestart­upcompanyChakrInnovation.Hesaysthatpollutionfromcarsandothervehiclesgetsallthemediaattention,butaddsthat“thesilentpollutersarethedieselgenerators”.Dhupardecidedtofindawaytofightairpollutionthreeyearsago.Atthetime,hesawawallblackenedfromthesmokecomingfromadieselgenerator.ThissightledtothecreationofChakrInnovation.Dhuparhadpersonallyexperiencedtheeffectoftheairpollution.HedevelopedbreathingproblemswhilegrowingupinDelhi.Afterovertwoyearsofresearchanddevelopment,ChakrInnovationhasbegunsellingdevicestocapturepollutionfromdieselgenerators.Todateeq\a\vs4\al(P2)，thedeviceshavebeensetupin50places,includingprivatebusinesses.Thetechnologyinvolvescoolingtheairpollutionina“heatexchanger”wherethedirtyparticlescometogether.Thesearethenmovedintoanotherareathatcaptures70to90percentoftheparticulate(微粒的)matter.Thecarbonisisolatedfromtheemissionsandturnedintoink.Inrecentyears,therehasbeenalotoftalkaboutimprovingDelhi'sairbyreducingvehicularpollutionandmakingstrongerrulesforvehiclemanufacturers.Butthesamehasnothappenedfordieselgenerators.Thereareeffortstopunishbusinessesthatdirtytheair,butthisoftenleadstothemfindingwaystogetaroundeq\a\vs4\al(P3)therules.TusharMathurworksatChakrInnovation.Hefeelsthatturningsmokeintoinkisausefulsolution.Hecallsthetechnology“awin­winbetweenbusinessesandtheenvironment”.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，通过介绍印度新德里的环境状况，向我们介绍了把烟变成墨水的一种改善环境的解决方法。5．WhatdoweknowaboutthedevicesfromParagraph1?A．Theyaremadeinabigcompany.B．Theyarecutintopiecesofmetal.C．Theycanturndirtysmokeintoink.D．Theywillcertainlycleanupthedirtyair.答案：C细微环节理解题。依据第一段其次句“Companyofficialssaythesedeviceswillcapturesmokefromdiesel(柴油)generatorsandturnitintoink.”可知，它们可以把污浊的烟变成墨水。6．TheairpollutioninNewDelhimaybethemostseriousin________.A．March B．JulyC．September D．December答案：B推理推断题。依据其次段可知，在新德里除了车辆所产生的污染物外，柴油发电机是空气污染的另一个重要的缘由，而最终一句说明夏天是停电的高峰期，而柴油发电机明显是在停电期间运用最多，可推断出夏季很可能是空气污染最严峻的季节，故选B项。7．WhatcausedDhupartofoundChakrInnovation?A．Thedeterminationtofightairpollution.B．Thedevelopmentofbreathingproblems.C．Themediaattentiontovehicularpollution.D．Thesightofawallblackenedbysmoke.答案：D细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Atthetime,hesawawallblackenedfromthesmokecomingfromadieselgenerator.ThissightledtothecreationofChakrInnovation.”可知，一堵被烟熏黑的墙使Dhupar创立了ChakrInnovation，故选D项。8．Whenthedeviceworks,howarethedirtyparticlesgatheredtogether?A．Bycoolingthepollutedair.B．Byisolatingtheemissions.C．Bymovingthedirtyparticles.D．Bycapturingtheparticulatematter.答案：A细微环节理解题。依据第五段第一句“Thetechnologyinvolvescoolingtheairpollutionina‘heatexchanger’wherethedirtyparticlescometogether.”可知，在一个“热交换器”里冷却空气污染物就能使脏颗粒聚集起来。eq\a\vs4\al(W重点单词)1．dieseln.柴油机；柴油2．outagen.中断供应；电力中断eq\a\vs4\al(P重点短语)1．blame...for因……而责怪2．todate至今；迄今为止3．getaround躲避课后演练二[基础题]Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Manysmallfactoriesinthatcountrycloseddownforlackoff________.答案：fuels2．Hes________thathehadneverseenhimbefore.答案：stated3．Heiso________tocurrenttrendsinlanguagelearning.答案：opposed4．Theobjectoftheseexperimentswastofindtheconnectionbetweenthetwop________.答案：phenomena5．Peoplet________toneedlesssleepastheygetolder.答案：tendⅡ.选词填空comeabout,subscribeto,quantitiesof,goup,resultin,beopposedto,evenif,keepon,rangefrom...to...,buildup1．Howdidit________thatheknewwherewewere?答案：comeabout2．I________anumberofjournalsconcernedwithmysubject.答案：subscribeto3．Inflationmayberising,if(itis)so,priceswill________.答案：goup4．Thereformhas________tremendouschangesinourcountry.答案：resultedin5．Publicopinion________thewar.答案：wasopposedto6．Thissupermarkethasvariousthings,________food________clothes.答案：rangingfrom;to7．________Ihavetowalkalltheway,I'llgetthere.答案：Evenif8．________goingtillyoucometoaredbrickbuilding.答案：Keepon9．Hehas________hisownbusiness.答案：builtup10．Thepolicediscovered________armshiddeninthecave.答案：quantitiesofⅢ.单句语法填空1．Hewouldbeopposedto________(change)theplan.答案：changing2．Youcan'talwaysdependonothers________(help)you.答案：tohelp3．Thoughheislessthanoneyearold,heisstrongenoughtowalk________(steady)．答案：steadily4．Those________(trap)intheburningbuildingmanagedtoescape.答案：trapped5．David,oneofmybestfriends,didnotsubscribe________myproposal,which,ofcourse,mademeratherdisappointed.答案：to6．Thestreetwasblockedas________consequenceoftheheavysnow.答案：a7．After________(glance)atthebaby,themotherleftquickly.答案：glancing8．Howdid________comeaboutthattheprisonerescapedfromtheprison?答案：it9．Theconditionwasleftuntreated,eventually________(result)inblindness.答案：resulting10．Youshouldeatalittle________ifyoudon'tlikethefood.答案：evenⅣ.单句改错1．Whetherhecancontinuetoworkinthecompanydependswhetherhecangraspthechance.__________________________________答案：depends后加on/upon2．ItwaslastsummerwhenIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.__________________________________答案：when→that3．Idon'tsubscribetotheviewwhichgirlsareslowerthanboysinmiddleschool.__________________________________答案：which→that4．Thesepolicieshaveres