说明文议论文做题方法课件高三英语二轮复习

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中间重复出现的词汇结构：引出---解释----应用态度：用词褒贬三回归题目常见问法主旨大意Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown，Ohio，forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother，employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.Whichwritingmethodareusedtoillustratetheobject?（方式）1举例forexample(n.)forinstancesuchas2.比较compare(v)/comparison(n.)bycontrast3.数据statistic(n.)/data（n.）4.引用quote(v.)/quotation(n.)5.分类classify(v.)/classification(n.)sortas6.描写describe(v.)/description(n.)7.解释explain(v.)/explanation(n.)What’sauthorsattitude?（态度）题干标志:attitude(态度)，deem(认为)，consider(认为)，tone(语气)正面词:positive(积极的)，optimistic(乐观的)，approval(赞成的)，supportive(支持的)中立词:neutral(中立的)，objective(客观的)，impartial(中立的)，负面词:negative(消极的)，pessimistic(悲观的)，disapprove(反对的)，critical(批评的)，doubtful(怀疑的)suspicious(怀疑的),skeptical(怀疑的)，questionable(质疑的)What’sthepurposeofthistextexplain(解释),prove(证明)，persuade(劝说),advise(劝告),comment(评论)，praise(赞扬),criticize(批评),entertain(娱乐)，demonstrate(举例说明)，argue(辩论)，tell(讲述),analyze(分析)等。词义猜测1.定义法1.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords‘herdsman’mean?A.商人 B.工人 C.牧人 D.农民

2.Heisresoluteman.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,hewon'tgiveituphalfway.Theunderlinedwordmeans__A.强壮的 B.意志坚定地 C.友好的 D.聪明的

2.列举Carsmusthavecertainsafetydevicessuchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devices”mean?A.设备 B.规定 C.常识 D.建议3.常识Jade（玉石）shouldbepolishedtomakeitmorefine（精美）.3.因果法1.Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.Whatdoestheunderlineword“trim”mean?A.cut B.put C.controlI D.wash 2.Shelovesreadingallkindsofbooks.Shedidn'thearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.Theword“engrossed”refersto____.A.专注 B.放弃 C.厌恶 D.漠视

IV.构词法2.Wemustsafeguardtheworldpeace,foronlyinasafeenvironmentcanweenjoyahappylife.Whatisthemeaningof“safeguard"?A.protect B.care C.prevent D.stop 3.Carrentalsarebecomingmoreandmorepopularasaninexpensivewayoftakingtotheroad.Whatisthemeaningof“inexpensive”?A.safe B.cheap C.useful D.easy实际训练Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity'slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan't.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryisperhapsthefirstconflict,atBotanyBay,betweenCaptainCook'svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain'srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(联系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented. B.Whathumanityisconceredabout. C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Whywrittenlanguageisreliable. 33.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinparagraph2?A.Hisreportwasscientific. B.Herepresentedthelocalpeople. C.HeruledoverBotanyBay. D.Hisrecordwasone-sided. 34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation"in