高考英语核心词汇讲义

高中词汇实词版块

高频名词：

situation状况,境遇

sight视力，眼界

idea想法，思想，观念

appearance出现；外貌

condition条件,情形

lack缺少

way方式；道路

sense感觉；意义

need需要

order次序；秩序

point点；指向，表明

event事件

challenge挑战

mind精神

strength力量

opinion意见，看法

moment片亥ij

convenience便利，方便

高频形容词副词

(l)becuriousabout对…好奇

(2)beanxiousabout对...焦虑，担心(beanxioustodosth.渴望做某事)

(3)beseriousabout把…严肃对待、当回事(take...seriously)

(4)beparticularabout对…挑剔、讲究

(5)beupsetabout对…心烦意乱

(l)common普通的，常见的，共同的短语：incommon共同commonsense

常识

(2)ordinary一般标准的

(3)regular平均的，普通的

(4)average平均的，普通的

(5)usual通常的

(6)normal正常的(formal,正规的，正式的)

(l)sensitive敏感的(与to连用)

⑵attentive专心的

(3)negative否定的；消极的(positive肯定的，积极的)

(4)effective有效的(efficient高效的)

(5)practical实际的，实用的

(l)befamiliarwith对…熟悉

befamiliarto为…所熟悉

⑵besimilarto与…相似

(3)bepopularwith受・・•欢迎

(4)bestrictwithsb.对某人严格要求

bestrictinsth.对某事要求严格

(5)beparticularabout讲究,对・・・挑剔

(l)slight微小的，轻微的

(2)tender柔软的，温柔的

(3)smooth光滑的，平稳的，顺利的

(4)rough粗糙的，艰难的，粗略的

(5)nuent(说话或写作)流利的，流畅的

⑴available可得到的，可使用的,有空的

⑵accessible可达到的，容易理解的

⑶acceptable可接受的，令人满意的

(4)adaptable能适应的

(5)stable稳定的,稳固的

(l)badly十分、非常；不好、差

⑵largely主要地、大部分地(相当于mainly或者mostly)

(3)mostly主要地(相当于mainly);通常(相当于usually)

(4)narrowly勉强的

(S)hopefully有希望地

(6)lately近束、最近(相当于recently)

(l)necessarily必然地，必定地

(2)e§pecially特别，尤其

(3)extremely非常，极端地

(4)entirely完全地，彻底地，整个地

⑸accidentally偶然地，意外地

(6)basically基本上

(7)naturally自然地

听力场景高频词

(1)餐馆场景：order点菜serve上菜change零钱Keepthechange!不用找

零钱了!tip小费treat请客(Thisismytreat!我请客！)goDutchAA$0(Lefs

gofiftyfifty.)steak牛排cheese奶酪sandwich三明治bacon腌肉soup汤

plainwater自来水(西餐中洗手用的)doughnut多纳圈appetizer开胃物

dessert甜品，水果(作为正餐的最后一道)gooutfordinner/dinnerout出去

吃饭snackbar小吃街；大排挡hamburger汉堡包coke可口可乐Frenchfries

炸薯条dininghall;coffeeshop;restaurant;cafeteria;canteen;buffet自助餐

(2)邮局场景：stampenvelopepackage/parcel包裹overweight超重extra

postage额外邮资send/post/deliveraletter/mail寄/发信expressmail快件

airmail航空信件surfacemail陆地邮寄openanaccount开一个帐户

(3)图书馆场景：librarycard;borrow;lend;keep;renew;bookshelf;novel;

sciencefiction科幻小说；magazine;periodical期刊；referencebook;librarian图

书管理员payafine交罚款CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?

(4)医院及健康场景：aspirin阿司匹林regulardoctor私人医生emergence

department急诊室ICU(=intensivecareunit)特护病房treatment治疗手段

takeone*stemperature/bloodpressure测量体温/血压medicine:pills/tablets药

丸/药片heartattack心脏病cold/flu流感：have/catchacold;pain;headache;

stomach-ache;backache;sore-throat喉咙痛cough;fever。Whafsup?(多用于男

生之间)Howisitgoing?Howareyou?回答：I'mfine./1feelgood/terrific./1

couldn'tbebetter./Nothingisverywrongwithme.好。Iamnotfeelinggood./1

feelterrible/horrible/awful./lamnotmyselfthesedays.不好。(注意听语气：

身体好的时候，语调上扬，语气非常欢快；身体不好的时候，降调，语气非

常郁闷。)

(5)电话场景：operator接线员Extensionsixtwotwosix,please.请转6226。

Thelineisbad/busy/engaged.Itkeptabusyline.电话占线。longdistancecall长

途电话collectcall对方付费的电话putthrough接通电话holdon/upHoldthe

line,please.Hello!Thisis...speaking.Who'sspeaking?/whoisthis?call/

telephone/ring/phonesb.;givesb.acall/ringFilcallbacklater/again.Filring

him/herupagain.Icouldn'tgetthrough.Sorry,Fmafraidyouhavethewrong

number.

(6)酒店场景：makeareservation预定房间receptiondesk接待处checkin

入住checkout结帐singleroom单间suite套间DoyouhaveareservationSir?

Haveyougotanyvacantroom?(=Isthereanyroomavailablehere?)有空房间吗?

Alltheroomareoccupied.房间已满。CanIhaveasuiteplease?Howmuchdoyou

chargeforthat?Smokingornosmoking?Mealsincluded.包括饮食。CanIshow

youyourroom?/CanIcarryyourluggage?

(7)超速场景：speedingMayIseeyourlicense,please?Youwillbefinedby$20.

(8)购物场景：store杂货店departmentstore百货商场shoppingcenter购

物中心商品信息：size;color;style;priceWhatcolor/size/kinddoyouwant?商

品论贵贱expensive,cheap价格论高低high,lowbargain便宜货popular/

fashionable流行的infashion流行，时尚outoffashion过时的brand品牌

counter柜台payincash用现金支付payincheck用支票支付creditcard信

用卡shopassistant商店营业员outofstock脱销/缺货instock有货

(9)天气场景：cloudy阴天overcast多云thunder打雷strong/highwind大

风tornado龙卷风typhoon台风storm风暴blizzard暴风雨Itrainscatsand

dogs.（=Therainispouring.）卜着倾盆大雨。downpour倾盆大雨shower阵雨

clearup天空放晴putawayclothes下雨收衣服weatherinLondon/Seattle意

指不好的天气weatherinCalifornia意指好天气经常和天气相联系的情况：

vacation和flight（航班）（bedelayed/cancelledbythebadweather）

（10）机场场景：flight航班Welcomeonboard欢迎登机boundfor…飞往...

方向去的checkin办理登机手续behindschedule晚点takeoff起飞land降落

完型填空高频词

（1）动词类：

1“看”look看的动作/see看的结果；watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观

察;Notice注意catchsightof看见/stare好奇地看/glare瞪着看

Glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见seeafilmwatchTV

2“说"tellsthtosb.=tellsbsth告诉的内容talkwithsbaboutsth强调说话者之

间的交流saysth诉说的内容speakinEnglish说的语言whispersthtosb耳

语Informsbofsth通知某人某事reason/talk/persuadesbintodoingsth

说服某人做某事bargain讨价还价chat聊天repeat重复explain解释

warn警告remind提醒discuss讨论debate辩论figure指出declare宣布claim

自称mention提起admit承认deny否绝describe描述announce公布

introduce介绍complain抱怨

3“叫"cry哭叫call叫shout大喊scream尖叫moan呻吟sigh叹气

quarrel大吵

4“问”ask询问interview采访express表达question审问

5"答"answer回答respond回应（用其他方式回应）reply回复

6"听"listento听的动作hear听的结果pickup收听overhear无意听到

7“写"dictate听写writesth写describe描写dropaline写信draw画

takedown/writedown写下，i己下

8“拿/放”take拿走bring拿来hold举着carry扛，挑（无方向性）fetch拿

来拿去lift举Put放lay铺/放置pull拉/push推

9"抓"takeholdof抓着seize紧抓grasp握住scratch抠

10“打”hit一次性的打击beat不间断的打击strike突然的击打/突然想到

blow吹刮

attack攻击

11“扔”throw扔drop掉放弃错过fall倒下无意掉下来wave招手shake摇

12“送”send寄送deliver递送give给offer主动给予seeoff给某人送行

13“摸/抱”touch摸/fold折叠/embrace拥抱/hug抱/hold握inonesarms

14“踢/碰”kick踢/knock敲/tip轻敲

15“行”walkrunclimbjumpskip单腿跳slip溜come/goenter进入

move搬迁drive开车ride骑flycrawl匍匐前进

16“坐”sitdownbeseatedseatoneselftakeaseat/stand站，耸立/lean斜靠

17“睡/休息”lie/onone'sback/ononeside/onone'sstomachstayinbedhavea

resttakeanap打盹beasleepbendturnover翻身rest

18“笑”smile微笑（不出声）laughburstintolaughterburstoutlaughing

19'哭"cryshedtears留泪weep呜咽地哭sob抽泣burstintotears/burst

outcrying

20“找/查”find找到lookfor正在找过程findout查明discover/explore发现

/探索

huntforsearchforseek/seekforinsearchof寻找Searchsb搜身

searchsp.forsth为某物而搜寻某地

Check检查，核实examine考察发现问题/体检test检测，检验inspect

视察

21“穿”puton动作wear穿戴haveon试穿bedressedin穿的状态make-up

化装

getchanged换衣服beinredTakeoff脱remove去除

22“吃/喝”eat/drinksip吮吸haveamealhavesuppertoasttaste

treatsbto请某人吃helponeselfto随便吃

23“得"getobtainacquire获得知识和技能gainpossess

24“失”lose丢了belost/bemissing人错过失踪，不见gone不见（物）

greatlossdiedieoff相继死去dieaway逐渐消失

25“有"have有own是自己的conquer征服occupy占有二possess

26“无"nothinglefttheremainingthingdisappearbemissing/gone

27“增/减”rise/goup/drop

人主动抬价raise/bringdown/reduceincrease/decrease

28“买/卖”buypurchaseaffordpaypayoffpayforsellonsalebargain

Bill/cheque/cash/creditcardnotes/coinsdiscounts

29“存在/消失”comeintobeingexistappearsurviveliveshowturnup

Disappeardiedieoutpassawaybeoutofsight

30“变化”developimprovebecomegrowgo+bad/wrong/sour/without

（negativeadj.）turn+colorchange/changeintoreform

31”认识的过程Mfeelsenseguesssupposewonderdoubtknow/learn

realize

Understandrememberbefamiliarwithrecallreciteapplyto

32”成功/失败”makeitsucceedmakeprogresscometruerealizeone'sdream

win

Losefailtodofailuredefeatsufferlossbeatturnsth.Into

reality

33“努力”try/managemakeeffortsattemptdoonesbestdoasmuchasonecan

todo

34祝贺congratulationsonsbcelebrateobserve庆祝gettogether聚会

35赞美/批评praisethinkhighlyof/blamesbforsth/sbistoblame

criticize/scoldsb.forsth.havealowopinionofsbSpeakillof

36喜/恶likelovebefondofbekeenonbecrazyaboutadorebeinto

preferenjoyinfavorofDislikehatebeawful/disgustingignoreturn

off

37判断thinkbelieveconsiderfindfeelconcludeinferdoubt

38至！J达arriveatreachreturntogettostayinspvisitleaveleave

for

onone'swaytouponone'sarrivalondoingsth

39受伤hurtinjuredwoundcutkilldrownbleedgetburntsufferfrom

sufferaloss

40损坏damagedestroyruinbreakdownbebrokencrash

41修复repairrebuildrestorefixrecoveroneself

42支持/反对agreedisagreeacceptreceiverefuseturndown

beagainstelectvotefor/against

43做饭cookwashcutchopboilfrysteammakemixcleanbrush

coveruncovercooker

44建议advisesuggestrecommendurgeproposedemandpersuade

说服

45花费sth/doingsth+costsb+spend+indoingsthSb+afford+n/todosth

It+takesometime/money/energy+todosthsb+pay-$forsth.atone's

expense

46省/存钱save/saveupsetasideputawaysparenoeffort/time

47参力口takepartinjoin/joininattendcompetein/for/against

48控告accusesb.ofchargesb.With

49救治help/helpoutsave/rescuesbfromsth.Treat过程/cure结果sb.of

sth

Aidsbindoingsth/todosthhelpsbwithsthassistsbindoingsth

50敬佩admirerespectshowrespectfor/toadoreenvy/bejealousyinhonor

of

51逃避ranawayescapefromfleehide

52阻止/禁止prevent/keep/stopsb.Fromdoingsthforbiddoingsth.Ban

prohibit

53对付/处理handle/dowith/dealwith/tackle/overcomesthsolvesettle

54效仿copyimitatelearnfromlearn

54爆发/发生comeabouthappentotakeplacebreakout

burstoutgooffexplosion

55安装/装备fastenfixsetequip

bearmedwith用什么武装beequippedwith装备有

56追求pursuitranafterseekafterchasecatchupwith赶上keepupwith

跟上

57想/考虑thinkof考虑/+as把什么看成thinkabout想起consider

thinkover仔细考虑beconcerned担心beconsideratetowardssb.

58打算plan/intend/designtodobegoingtodo/beabouttodo/willdo

59似乎/好像seemappearlooklikeasifasthough

60开办/关闭openstartsetupclose/closeupendclosedown

(2)名词类：

1假期vacationholidayspringbreakaskforleavebeonholidayhavetwo

davsoff

2旅游tripjourneytourvoyagetraveltouristpassengergo

camping/picnicking/hiking

3职务人员clerksecretaiypasser-byfriendministermanagerwaitressguesthost

hostess

Assistantcustomeradultneighborrelativepatient/vetstaffcrewnurse

teacher

Conductortailorsailorinventorgardenerguard

4餐馆/定餐/就餐innrestaurantkitchenmenubillordertipforkand

knifereserve/booktableTastedelicioussaladdashvegetablesfruittray

napkin

5诊所/看病/月艮药clinichospitaltakeone'stemperaturetakemedicine/pillshavea

fever/flu/headachedoctorphysiciansurgeonspecialistpatient

6车站/机场airportonboardmissthetrain/buscatchatrainmeetsb.

7身体部位armheadhairbrainwaistbackshoulderpulsewrist

8意志willcouragepatiencedeterminationfaitheffortconfidenceambition

energy

9才能/品质talentgiftabilitypotentialintelligentpromisingsmartstupid

carefulproud

Stricthonestcoldseriouseasy-goinglearnedknowledgeable

10优缺点advantagedisadvantagestrengthweakness

11目标aimgoalintentionpurposebelieffaith

12方式meansmethodwaymannerapproach

13身体素质strongweakpalesickillbewellkeepslim/fitcutweight/puton

weight

14图表photopicturegraphdrawingtableline/bargraphpiechartdrawasketch

划草图

15文章readingtranslationessaypoempapernovel/fictionarticlemagazine

newspaperjournal日志diary日i己Filesformmakealistof

16课堂classcourselectureexamplereasonmessagenoteswordsphrase

scholarshipdegree

Subjectquestiontroubledifficultygradesreadcommentmarks

17学校活动matchgameactivityholdameeting/debate/speech/ceremony

18建议/观点advicesuggestionideaproposalviewrecommendation

19气彳陡/天气climateweatherstormwindycloudyrainysnow

hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth

20交通bytrain/bus/boatbikeonthetrain/bus/abikedriveacarrideabike

givesb.alift/ride

21习惯habitcustomgetusedtoregular有规律的(形容词)practice惯例

(名词)

22感觉sighthearingtouchsmellsense

23情感feelingemotionangerdelightsadnesssorrow

24财富moneypossessionswealthbelongingsfortunestreasurediamondbe

rich/well-off

25运动比赛ontheplaygroundonthetrackandfiledpitcheventgame

matchsportsplayerCoachjudgejoggingweightliftingplay

volleyball/soccer/

26衣服clothes,cloth,clothing,clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，

cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing服装的总称，指一件衣服用apieceof,an

articleof

27事件incident,accidentincident指小事件，accident指不幸的事故

(3)形容词类：

1人的各种感受

乐happydelightedtoone,sjoypleasedamused

悲sadunhappypainfulbitter

平静calmquietsilent/stillpeaceful

烦botherboredbefedupwith

震惊surprisedastonishedshocked/amazed

怕infearbefrightened/scared/afraid

失望desperatedisappointedhopelessbedepressed

满意besatisfiedwith/becontenttodo

生气Annoyedangrydisgustingburstintorage

2表程度的十副词类

narrowly/Nearly/almosthardly/hardextremely/veryvery/quite

Accidently/onceinawhileoccasional/oncefar/byfar

Farther/furtherbetter/worsebewell/goodhowever/therefbre/so/thus

(4)易考的近义词组

Run/managegrow/plantleave/remainfit/suit/match

Hit/beat/strikemeet/satisfytouch/feelplay/performer

Contain/hold/seat/filllie/sit/locatehelp/work/do

Fall/sink/dropmatter/problem/trouble/money/account

Cause/reasonthat'swhy/that'sbecausebecause/sinceas/for

Last/continuekeep/stay/treat/cure/operateseparate/divide

Stand/bear/tolerate/holdturn/become/gochange/vary/range

Provide/supply/offer/give/send

阅读高频词汇分类汇总

心理，新闻报道类35个

1surveyn.调查22

2communicationn.交流，通信，信息18

3qualityn.质量，优点，品质16

4effectn.效果，影响14

5effectivea.有效的7

6effectivenessn.效力2

7encouragev.鼓励,激励12

8positivea.积极，肯定的11

9performancen.表演，成绩，成就10

10emotionn.情感，感情10

11emotionaln.感情的，情绪的5

12expectv.预期，期待，期盼10

13suggestv.建议，提议10

14expressv.表达，陈述10

15situationn・形势，状况，环境9

16achievev取得，获得，实现9

17permitv/n.允许，许可9

18discoverv.发现，了解，认识8

19selectv.选择，挑选8

20sparev.节省，免除，不伤害8

21begv.乞求，恳求8

22chargev.收费，指责，命令7

23equalityn.平等，同等7

24passivea.被动的，消极的，冷漠的7

25praisev./n称赞，赞扬7

26servev.服务，提供6

27extremelyad.极端，非常6

28regardv.认作，注意n.注意，尊重，致意5

29literaturen.文学、文献5

30responsibilityn.责任，职责5

31assistantn.助手，助理，助教5

32attractv.吸引5

33responsev.回答，反应，回复5

34negativea.不同意的，负的，消极的，拒绝的，怀疑的n.否认，拒

绝5

35availablea.可用的，可得到的5

文化类13个

1.traditionaladj.传统的，惯例的5

2.individualadj.独特的，个人的n.个人，个体individualityn.个性，个人

特征5

3.culturen.文化culturalismn.文化主义，文化论6

4.fomaladj.正式的informaladj.非正式的5

5.creativityn.创造力；创造性5

6.suggestvt.提议，建议；启发；暗示4

7.expressvt.表达，快递4

8.arguevi./vt.争辩，辩论argumentn.争吵，论据3

9.survivevi./vt幸存，活下来4

lO.popularadj.流行的popularityn.普及，流行；名气3

□.specialadj.特别的，专门的specializevt.使专门化specialistn.专家3

12.extremelyadv,非常，极其；极端地4

□.civilizationn.文明，文化5

史地类10个

1climaten.气候10

2rainforestn.（热带）雨林7

3desertn.荒漠，沙漠adj.荒漠的，沙漠的7

4attractionn.吸引，吸引力，吸引人的事物attractiveadj.吸引人的4

5reactvi.反应，影响vt.使发生相互作用3

6temperaturen.温度3

7languagen•语言8

8cluen.线索，情节4

9treasuren.财富，宝藏vt.珍爱，珍藏3

10settlevt.解决，使…定居settlern.移居者3

人物传记11个

l.famousadj.有名的famen.名声7

2.educationn.教育educatorn.教育家educationaladj.教育的6

3.publishvt.发表、出版vi.出版、发行4

4.1iteraturen.文学4

5.moraladj.道德的；精神上的；n.道德；寓意3

6.physicaladj.身体的，物理的5

7.processn•过程2

8.experimentn.实验，试验；尝试vi.进行实验;尝试2

9.experiencen.经历，经验，体验vt.经历，经验，体验2

10.criticismn.批评2

11.contemporaryadj.当代的；同时代的；同一时期的n.同时代的人;同

时期的东西

科普，社会，故事76个

1developvt.&vi.开发，发展22

2wondervt.&vi.对…感到疑惑，想知道21

3discovervt.发现；了解到，认识，发觉19

4physicaladj.身体的；物质的19

5majoradj.较大的，主要的，严重的19

6comfortn.舒适，身心健康；安慰，帮助；vt.安慰，使舒适

7emotionn.情感，感情，激情15

8averagen.平均，平均数15

9individualadj.单独的，个人的；n.个人15

10realizevt.实现；了解，认识到15

11actuallyadv.实际上，确实15

12chancen・机会，时机13

13obviouslyadv.明显的；显而易见的13

14influencen.影响，感化力12

15explainvt.&vi.讲解，解释12

16volunteervt.&vi.自动提供，自愿效劳12

17sharevt.共用，共有；分配11

18particularadj.特殊的，特别的，特有的；详细的，详尽的11

19spreadvt.&vi.（使）传播，（使澈布11

20controlvt・控制，抑制，支配11

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