广东省东莞重点学校2022-2023学年高一下学期5月期中英语试卷（含答案）

广东省东莞重点学校2022-2023学年高一下学期5月期中英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解DiscoverallthegreatSydneyattractions.You'llfindmanymemorablethingstodoandfascinatingmuseumstovisitinSydney,Australia.AustralianMuseumTheAustralianMuseum(AM)wasfoundedin1827andiswell-knownasthenation'sfirstmuseum.TheAMhasbeentransformedandvisitorscannowenjoytransformedspacesandupdatedfacilities.FreegeneraladmissionincludesentrytoallpermanentexhibitionsandPrehistoricPlayground,whichisopendailyonLevel2andfeaturesavarietyofactivitiesforchildrenofallagesincludingafossillabandinteractivedinosaurdesignstation.ArtGalleryofNewSouthWalesExplorefivelevelsofartatoneofAustralia'smostpopularartmuseums,locatedwithinbeautifulparklandsoverlookingSydneyHarbour,just10minutes'walkfromthecity.SeeanextensivecollectionofAustralianart,includingoneofthelargestgalleriesofaboriginal(土著的)artinthecountry,alongsideAsiantreasuresandleadinglocalandinternationalcontemporaryart.MuseumofContemporaryArtAustralia-MCATheMuseumofContemporaryArtAustraliaisAustralia'sleadingmuseumdedicatedtoexhibiting,interpretingandcollectingcontemporaryartfromacrossAustralia.LocatedatCircularQuay,theMCAishousedintheformerMaritimeServicesbuilding,afineexampleoflateArtDecoarchitecture.AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseumLocatedatthewaterfrontofDarlingHarbour,theMaritimeMuseumisanindoor/outdoorattractionandgreatentertainmentforthewholefamily.Themuseumhasoneofthelargestandmostdiversein-waterfleets(舰队)intheworld.Themuseumhostssixpermanentgalleries,anever-changingprogramoftemporaryexhibitions,anda3Dcinema,ensuringthatthereissomethingforeveryone.1．WhatisAustralianMuseumfamousfor?A．Thelowestprice. B．Contemporaryart.C．Outdoorattractions. D．Thelongesthistory.2．WhereshouldyougoifyouwanttoappreciatetreasuresfromAsia?A．AustralianMuseum.B．ArtGalleryofNewSouthWales.C．AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum.D．MuseumofContemporaryArtAustralia-MCA.3．WhichofthefollowingcanbeseeninAustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum?A．A3Dcinema. B．Adesignstation.C．Localcontemporaryart. D．LateArtDecoarchitecture.阅读理解Canyousurviveanunannouncedstorm?Althoughthereisexpertbroadcastingandweareequippedwithcellphones,therearestillsomeexampleswhentheviolentweathertakesusbysurprise.WhilemostAtlantichurricanesformoffthecoastofAfricagivingplentyofearlywarning,suddenCaribbeanandGulfofMexicohurricanesformandmoverapidlyinlessthanaday'stime,endangeringeveryoneandeverythingintheirpath.Therehavebeenoilworkerstrappedoffthecoastwhensuddenstormsappeared.Fieldarchaeologistshavebeenstuckinseasideareaswithoutstormwarnings.Afewdecadesago,aTexasNationalGuardgroupwastrappedonthebeachbyrain-forcedfloodingandhadtorideoutamajorhurricaneduringatrainingexercise.There'vebeenafewcaseswheretravelersweretrappedonanislandorinaseasideareaandunabletoescapeintime.Escapingfromthestorm-threatenedareasisgenerallyachoiceformostofus-butnotforall.EachyearthousandsofislandersacrosstheCaribbeanfacethedangerofhurricaneswithoutapublicsheltertohidein.Mostrideoutthestormintheirhomes.Butthereareafewthingsyoucandotoprepareyourselfforsomeunexpectedemergencies.Beingpreparedfortheunexpectedmaybeyourbestandonlydefense.Ifyou'reheadedoutdoorsforafewdaysorweeks,youshouldalwayscarryaflashlight(手电筒)withextrabatteries,aGPSdevice(装置),andabasicmedicalbox.Ifyou'retravelinginyourcar,rememberyoumaysufferfromhighwinds.You'dbetternotstayinsidetoavoidbeingblownawayalongwithyourcar.Keepingyourheadandyourcourageupiscrucialtosurvivalinanytypeofdanger.Letcommonsenseguideyouandalwaysbepreparedfortheworst.4．Accordingtothetext,mostAtlantichurricanes________.A．formintheCaribbeanSea B．comefromGulfofMexicoC．developoffthecoastofAfrica D．arefromthePacificOcean5．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thebadsituationsofoilworkers.B．Peopletrappedbysuddenstorms.C．Thedangeroftravelingonanisland.D．TheTexasNationalGuardgroup.6．Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A．Togivesomeadvice.B．Toencouragetraveling.C．Tounderlinethedangerofhurricanes.D．Togivesomewarnings.7．Inwhichpartofawebsitewouldyoumostprobablyfindthetext?A．Food. B．Sports. C．Life. D．Culture.阅读理解MaxWoosey,anl1-year-oldfromtheUnitedKingdom,hasspenthistimeduringCOVID-19doingsomethingprettymeaningful.Hesleptinatentforover500nightsinarow.Andhedidthisnotonlybecausehelovestheoutdoorsbutinservicetoothers.Max'sfatherisaRoyalMarine(皇家海军陆战队员),sohehascourageandloveforoutdooractivitiesinhisblood.Max'sfamilywaslookingaftertheirneighbor,Rick,whowasdyingofcancer.BeforeRickpassedaway,hegaveMaxatentandhadhimpromisetohaveanadventure.So,afterRickdied,Maxhadanidea.HedecidedtoraisemoneyforDevonHospice(救济院),whichcaredforRickinhisfinaldays.Whenthefirstlockdownhappened,Maxhadrealizedthatmuchofthehospice'sfundraising(筹资)alsocametoastop.Butoutsidethehospice,anumberofpeoplewerewaitingforhelp.SoMaxsetagoaltoraise100poundsbycampingoutinhisfrontgarden.OnMarch29th,2020,MaxstartedhiscampingadventureinRick'stent.Ashepassedhundredsofdayscampingout,heattractednationalattentionfromthemediaandeventhePrimeMinister,wholaterpaidhimavisit.MorepeoplehavedonatedtoDevonHospice.Now,500dayslater,heisstillcamping!Throughstorms,rain,highwindsandcold,hestucktoit.ThelessonshisdadtaughthimfromtheRoyalMarines,tonevergiveup,showkindness,honestyandtryhardhelpedsupporthimintoughtimes.Inall,Maxhasraisedmorethan750000poundsforDevonHospice!Thismadeupforabouthalfofthedonationstheyhadlostfortheyear!Maxevenorganizedahugecampathisschoolplaygroundtoshowpeoplewhatchildrencanachieveiftheyallworktogether.8．WhatmadeMaxdecidetoraisemoneyforDevonHospice?A．Government'srequirement. B．Hisfather'sinfluence.C．Rick'sdeath. D．DevonHospice'sinstruction.9．WhichofthefollowingisMax'sachievement?A．ArousingmorepublicconcernforDevonHospice.B．BeingawardedamedalbythePrimeMinister.C．ImprovingthereputationofDevonHospice.D．Startingaworldwidecampingactivity.10．WhatcanweinferaboutDevonHospice?A．Itusedtoraiseabout1.5millionpoundsayear.B．ItreceivedmoredonationsduringCOVID-19.C．Itwasspeciallybuiltforcancersufferers.D．IthelpedMaxgothroughdifficultcampingtimes.11．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMax?A．Activeandeasy-going. B．Kindandstrong-minded.C．Humorousandconsiderate. D．Cleverandaggressive.阅读理解Aswecontinuetoexplorefartheroutintooursolarsystemandbeyond,thequestionofhumanslivingonotherplanetsoftencomesup.MannedbasesontheMoonorMarsforexample,havelongbeenadreamofmany.Thereisanaturaldesiretoexploreasfaraswecango,andalsotoextendhumanity'spresenceonapermanentoratleastsemi-permanentbasis.Inordertodothis,however,itisnecessarytoadapttodifferentextremeenvironments.OntheMoonforexample,acolonymustbeself-sustainingandprotectitsinhabitantsfromtheairless,harshenvironmentoutside.Mars,though,isdifferent.WhilefuturebasescouldadapttotheMartianenvironmentovertimethereisalsothepossibilityofmodifyingthesurroundingenvironmentinsteadofjustco-existingwithit.Thisistheprocessofterraforming-adjustingMars'atmosphereandenvironmenttomakeitmoreEarth-like.Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?Iftheanswerisyes,thenlarge-scalehumansettlementsonMarsshouldbecompletelyoff-limits.Smallcolonicsmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist.IfMarsishometoanyindigenouslife,thenterraformingshouldbeanon-issue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone.WhatifMarsislifeless?Evenifnolifeexiststhere,thatuntouchedanduniquealienenvironmentneedstobepreservedasitisasmuchaspossible.We'vealreadydonetoomuchdamagehereonourownplanet.BystudyingMarsandotherplanetsandmoonsintheircurrentnaturalstate,wecanlearnsomuchabouttheirhistoryandalsolearnmoreaboutourownworld.Weshouldappreciatethedifferencesofotherworldsinsteadofjusttransformingthemtosuitourownambitions.12．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．IstherelifeonMars? B．CanweadapttoMars?C．ShouldweterraformMars? D．AreMarsandEarthSoDifferent?13．WhatdoestheauthorthinkweshoulddoiflifeisfoundonMars?A．Ensurethatit'snotharmed.B．NegotiatewiththeMartians.C．Changetheunpopulatedregions.D．Assesstheadvantagesanddisadvantages.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"indigenous"inparagraph3mean?A．Complex. B．Native. C．Foreign. D．Intelligent.15．Howdoestheauthordevelophisideasinthetext?A．Byreferringtoothers'research.B．Byevaluatingdifferentplanets.C．Byjustifyingthebenefitsofterraforming.D．Byarguinginsupportofoneviewpoint.二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Secretcode(密码)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.16．Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.17．Forexample,thefirstlettersof"Myelephanteatstoomanyeels"spelloutthehiddenmessage"Meetme."18．Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Let'snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage"Meetme"wouldread"135520135."Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.19．Forexample,"bridge"mightstandfor"meet"and"out"mightstandfor"me."Themessage"Bridgeout"wouldactuallymean"Meetme."20．However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分完形填空Inthesportoftrackandfield,athletescompetenotonlywithoneanotherbutagainstthemselvestoachieveanewpersonalbest.Aimingto21．hisownrecord,Cervenypushedhimselfhard.However,hislegscramped(抽筋)and22．himwithonly200meterstogo.Determinedto23．,Cervenyrosefromthegroundandcontinuedon,onlytofallagainafteranother50meters.24．,hiscoachaskedCervenyifhewantedtostop.Hedidn't.Withgreat25．Cervenypulledhimselfupandwitha(n)26．pace,movedforwardforonefinalpush.27．,itwasn'tenough.100metersfromthefinishline,hislegssimply28．.Beforehiscoachcould29．him,anotherrunner-Brandon-wasathissidetohelp.HisfirstattempttogetCervenyupfailed,buthe30．toquittoo.Withasecondpull,Cervenywas31．.Atameasuredjog,thetwocompletedthefinal100metersofthecourse,withCervenyholdingBrandonfor32．.BrandonevenmadesureCervenycrossedthefinishlinefirst,securinghis33．afastertime.Intoday's34．worldinwhichtheemphasisinathleticsissooftenputonbreakingrecords,itwas35．toseethatforanathletelikeBrandon,thevalueoftruesportsmanshipstillhadlegs.21．A．play B．beat C．check D．measure22．A．failed B．warned C．dragged D．raised23．A．rest B．win C．leave D．finish24．A．Relieved B．Exhausted C．Concerned D．Disappointed25．A．luck B．effort C．passion D．respect26．A．rapid B．relaxed C．unsteady D．impatient27．A．Normally B．Eventually C．Unbelievably D．Unfortunately28．A．gaveout B．brokeup C．felldown D．sloweddown29．A．guide B．reach C．serve D．blame30．A．refused B．hesitated C．regretted D．pretended31．A．inhishand B．outofbreath C．onhisfeet D．outofdanger32．A．direction B．support C．courage D．comfort33．A．assistant B．teammate C．follower D．opponent34．A．diverse B．well-developed C．competitive D．ever-changing35．A．urgent B．common C．confusing D．inspiring四、语法填空，根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空（共10小题；每空1.5分，满分15分）36．Mygrandfatherisas(energy)asayoungmanandhatessittingarounddoingnothingallday.37．Themonumentwasbuiltinhonorthesoldierswhosacrificedtheirlivesforthecountry.38．Atthesightoftheurgentsituation,Jackdashedtosavethedrowningmanwithoutaslightest(hesitate).39．Inthiscompany,shehasworkedasasecretaryfor5years,orrather,personalassistant.40．Whenyougiveaspeech,youshouldtrytomake(you)understoodbytheaudiences.41．ThefirstbiteofdurianpizzawassomethingIdreaded,butinreality,itwas(remark)easyandwelcoming.42．Tomyfather'sjoy,oneofhisstudents(admit)toBeijingUniversitylastyear.43．(publish)theirresearchesinjournals,scientistshavetoworkhardandevenwithoutfinancialreward.44．Toarriveourdestinationweneedtotravelanarrowvalley,withastream(flow)throughit.45．MingyingMall,theheightofis423meters,isthenewiconicattractioninDongguan.五、句子考查，根据以下各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。（共10小题；56-60题每空0.5分，61-63每题3分，满分17.5分）46．(利用)theforesttoprotectourenvironmentisofgreatsignificance.47．SomeChineseimmigrantshave(闯世界)inSanFranciscoformanyyears.48．AfamousbiologistJaneGoodall(全心全意投入)herresearchonchimps.49．ForMrsWhite,thebaby'ssmilingfaceisthemostpreciousthinginherlife.(同义句改写)ForMrsWhite,nothingthebaby'ssmilingfaceinherlife.50．In2012,LiuYangbecameChina'sfirstfemaleastronautwhotravelledintospace.(用不定式改写)In2012,LiuYangbecameChina'sfirstfemaleastronaut.51．Campingpopularityincreasesamongyoungpeople.Mostofthemarenaturelovers.(用非限制性定语从句合并)52．WhentheboyheardthegoodnewsoftheChineseteam,hejumpedoutofthebed.(用分词改写)53．正是他的努力和决心让他取得巨大的成就。(用强调句翻译)六、读后续写（满分25分）54．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。"Yeah,aBATTLE!"saidWilliam,pullingmyarm."Youseethat,John?"IlookedupfrommydesktoseeMs.Chowwritingontheboard,"BattleoftheBooks!"Shesmiledandthensaid,"Areyoureadytogointothebattle?Getpreparedforitnextweek!""Isitareadingcontest?"IwassoexcitedthatIforgottoraisemyhandfirst."Goodquestion,John!"saidMs.Chow."Itisnotaraceandyouarenotgoingtobeateachother.Wearenotgoingtoseewhocanreadthefastestorthemostbooks,butyouaregoingtoformateamofthreeandthensetareadinggoalforyourteam.Ifyourteammeetyourgoalbytheendofthismonth,youwillgetaprize!"Eventhoughtheprizewassomethingsilly,thatstillsoundedprettygoodtome.IturnedtowardsWilliamimmediately,saying,"Shallwebeteammates?""Yes,forsure!"hesaid.WilliamandIlikedalotofthesamebooks,sowecouldsetagoaltogether.ThebellrangbeforeMs.Chowcouldexplainanymorerules.WilliamandIwereabouttobeginourdiscussionwhenLilypassedmydeskandsaid"Teammates?"toWilliamandme.LilywasagirlfromSpainandshecouldreadsuper-fastinbothEnglishandSpanish!Ifwesetagoallikereadingbooksbyauthorsfromdifferentcountries,shecouldhelptheteamforsure."Yeah,ofcourse!"WilliamandInodded.Ihadmyteam!Thethreeofussettleddownandstartedadiscussionimmediately,tryingtofigureoutwhatweneededtodotogettheprize.Justthen,IsawmybestfriendTomrunningtowardsmydesk.Icouldclearlyseetheexpectationshininginhiseyes.注意：

1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；

2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已经为你写好。Paragraph1:"John,let'sbeteammates!"Tomsaidtomeexcitedly.Paragraph2:HearingwhatLilysaid,weagreedwithhersuggestion.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．B3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了澳大利亚悉尼的几个博物馆景点。【点评】查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据AustralianMuseum部分中的“TheAustralianMuseum(AM)wasfoundedin1827andiswell-knownasthenation'sfirstmuseum.”澳大利亚博物馆（AM）成立于1827年，是澳大利亚第一个博物馆。可知，澳大利亚博物馆以历史最长而闻名。故选D。2．考查细节理解。根据ArtGalleryofNewSouthWales部分中的“SeeanextensivecollectionofAustralianart,includingoneofthelargestgalleriesofaboriginal(土著的)artinthecountry,alongsideAsiantreasuresandleadinglocalandinternationalcontemporaryart.”这里收藏了大量的澳大利亚艺术，包括该国最大的土著艺术画廊之一，以及亚洲珍宝和领先的本地和国际当代艺术。可知，如果你想欣赏来自亚洲的珍宝，应该去新南威尔士州美术馆。故选B。3．考查细节理解。根据AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum部分中的“Themuseumhostssixpermanentgalleries,anever-changingprogramoftemporaryexhibitions,anda3Dcinema,ensuringthatthereissomethingforeveryone.”博物馆有六个永久画廊，一个不断变化的临时展览项目，和一个3D电影院，确保每个人都有所收获。可知，在澳大利亚国家海事博物馆可以看到3D电影院。故选A。【答案】4．C5．B6．A7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍飓风给人们带来的危害，同时给读者提供了一些应对突如其来的飓风的建议。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇地理类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第二段“WhilemostAtlantichurricanesformoffthecoastofAfricagivingplentyofearlywarning,suddenCaribbeanandGulfofMexicohurricanesformandmoverapidlyinlessthanaday'stime,endangeringeveryoneandeverythingintheirpath.”虽然大多数大西洋飓风形成于非洲海岸，可以提供大量的早期预警，但突然出现的加勒比和墨西哥湾飓风在不到一天的时间内形成并迅速移动，危及其路径上的所有人和一切。可知，大部分的大西洋飓风是在非洲沿岸形成的。故选C。5．考查段落大意。根据第三段“Therehavebeenoilworkerstrappedoffthecoastwhensuddenstormsappeared.Fieldarchaeologistshavebeenstuckinseasideareaswithoutstormwarnings.Afewdecadesago,aTexasNationalGuardgroupwastrappedonthebeachbyrain-forcedfloodingandhadtorideoutamajorhurricaneduringatrainingexercise.There'vebeenafewcaseswheretravelersweretrappedonanislandorinaseasideareaandunabletoescapeintime.”突然的风暴出现时，有石油工人被困在海岸外。现场考古学家被困在没有风暴警报的海边地区。几十年前，德克萨斯州国民警卫队的一个小组在一次训练演习中被雨水引发的洪水困在海滩上，不得不在一次大型飓风中逃生。有一些旅行者被困在岛上或海边地区，无法及时逃离。可知，本段提到了“oilworkers”、“Fieldarcheologists”、“aTexasNationalGuardgroup”和“travelers”被飓风所困，可推断，本段主要讲述的是被飓风所困的人。故选B。6．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Butthere'reafewthingsyoucandotoprepareyourselfforsomeunexpectedemergencies.Beingpreparedfortheunexpectedmaybeyourbestandonlydefense.”但是你可以做一些事情来为一些意想不到的紧急情况做准备。为意外做好准备可能是你最好的也是唯一的防御；以及下文中对预料之外的情况发生时的处理建议可知，本段的目的是给出一些应对预料之外的紧急情况的建议。故选A。7．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Canyousurviveanunannouncedstorm?Althoughthereisexpertbroadcastingandweareequippedwithcellphones,therearestillsomeexampleswhentheviolentweathertakesusbysurprise.”你能在突如其来的风暴中幸存下来吗？虽然有专业的广播，我们配备了手机，但仍然有一些例子，当恶劣的天气让我们措手不及；并结合下文中介绍的飓风给人们带来的危害，同时给读者提供了一些应对突如其来的飓风的建议可知，这些内容都和人们的生活密切相关。故选C。【答案】8．C9．A10．A11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了一个男孩Max为一家救济院筹钱的故事。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，通读全文，是一篇新闻报道，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“So,afterRickdied,Maxhadanidea.HedecidedtoraisemoneyforDevonHospice(救济院),whichcaredforRickinhisfinaldays.”所以，在瑞克死后，麦克斯有了一个主意。他决定为德文临终关怀机构筹集资金，该机构在瑞克的最后几天照顾着他。可知，Rick的死去使他开始筹钱。故选C。9．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Ashepassedhundredsofdayscampingout,heattractednationalattentionfromthemediaandeventhePrimeMinister,wholaterpaidhimavisit.”他在户外露营了数百天，引起了全国媒体甚至总理的关注，总理后来也拜访了他。可知，Max的做法赢得了大家对DevonHospice的关注。故选A。10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Inall,Maxhasraisedmorethan750000poundsforDevonHospice!Thismadeupforabouthalfofthedonationstheyhadlostfortheyear!”总之，Max为DevonHospice筹集了超过750000英镑！这弥补了他们一年中损失的捐款的一半左右！可知，DevonHospice半年筹钱75万，一年筹钱150万。故选A。11．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Now,500dayslater,heisstillcamping!Throughstorms，rain,highwindsandcold,hestucktoit.”现在，500天过去了，他还在露营！经历了暴风雨、大风和寒冷，他坚持了下来。可知，Max为DevonHospice筹钱，所以他很善良，他无论风霜雨雪都在筹钱，所以他很坚持。故选B。【答案】12．C13．A14．B15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了人类是否应该移民火星，在火星上大规模建造定居点这个问题。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查主旨大意。第一、二段提出问题：我们应该调整火星的大气和环境，使它更像地球吗?第二段提出：首先要弄清楚火星上是否有原生生命，如果有，那么在火星上建造大规模人类定居点应该是完全禁止的。第三段提出：如果火星没有生命，也要尽可能地保护原始的、独特的外星环境。不能为了自己的野心而伤害火星。综上，文章主要回答了这个问题：人类是否应该移民火星，在火星上大规模建造定居点。故选C。13．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“livingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist”可知，如果火星上存在任何原生栖息地，生活在火星上就不应该以牺牲它们为代价。即：要保证火星生物不受伤害。故选A。14．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?...Smallcolonicsmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist.IfMarsishometoanyindigenouslife,thenterraformingshouldbeanon-issue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone”可知，该段第一句提出问题：火星上是否有原生生命，如果有，是否应该尽可能地保护?然后下文回答，如果火星上存在任何原生栖息地，生活在火星上就不应该以牺牲它们为代价。由此推知，该画线词所表达的意思应为：如果火星是任何土著生命的家园，那么地球改造应该是一个不存在的问题：这根本不应该做。因此，画线词indigenous的意思应为“土著的，本土的”。故选B。15．考查推理判断。第一、二段提出问题：我们应该调整火星的大气和环境，使它更像地球吗?第二段提出：首先要弄清楚火星上是否有原生生命，如果有，那么在火星上建造大规模人类定居点应该是完全禁止的。第三段提出：如果火星没有生命，也要尽可能地保护原始的、独特的外星环境。不能为了自己的野心而伤害火星。因此，本文主要通过论述来阐明一个观点：无论是否在火星上建造人类定居点，我们都不应该破坏火星的原始环境。故选D。【答案】16．D；17．E；18．G；19．F；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了密码的重要性、密码的设置方式、密码本的作用。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears."人们使用密码已经几千年了；以及空后"Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking."代码破解永远不会落后于代码制作。创建和读取编码信息的科学被称为密码学。可知此处和密码破译有关，D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem."只要有密码，人们就会试图破解它们。"承上启下，符合语境，故选D。17．根据空后"Forexample,thefirstlettersof‘Myelephanteatstoomanyeels'spelloutthehiddenmessage‘Meetme.'"例如，"我的大象吃了太多鳗鱼"的第一个字母拼出了隐藏的信息"认识我"，来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母作为密码，E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout."你可以通过让每个单词的第一个字母拼写出来来隐藏信息。"符合此内容，故选E。18．根据空后"Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Let'snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage‘Meetme'wouldread‘135520135.'"例如，您可以用一个数字来表示每个字母。让我们按字母表中的字母从1到26的顺序编号。如果我们用一个数字代替每封信，那么信息"Meetme"将变成"135520135"可知介绍了密码设置的又一种方法，G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet."隐藏信息的另一种方法是使用符号来代表字母表中的特定字母。"符合语境，故选G。19．根据空后"Forexample,‘bridge'mightstandfor‘meet'and‘out'mightstandfor‘me.'Themessage‘Bridgeout'wouldactuallymean‘Meetme.'"例如，"bridge"可能代表"meet"，"out"可能代表着"me"。"bridgeout"实际上意味着"meetme"；以及空前"acodebook"可推断该句是介绍密码本的使用，F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords."使用代码书，你可以写下代表其他单词的单词。"符合此意，承上启下。故选F。20．根据空前介绍密码本的重要作用，A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook."没有密码本很难破译，总结上文。故选A。【答案】21．B；22．A；23．D；24．C；25．B；26．C；27．D；28．A；29．B；30．A；31．C；32．B；33．D；34．C；35．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了跑步运动员Cerveny在赛场上因腿抽筋导致腿部无力而两次摔倒，另一个运动员Brandon经过时伸出援手，帮助了他。作者认为在当今这个竞争激烈的世界，人们通常把重点放在打破纪录上，看到像Brandon这样的运动员，真正的体育精神的价值仍然存在，这是令人鼓舞的。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。A.play"播放"；B.beat"赛过，胜过"；C.check"检查"；D.measure"措施"。根据上文"Inthesportoftrackandfield,athletescompetenotonlywithoneanotherbutagainstthemselvestoachieveanewpersonalbest."在田径运动中，运动员不仅相互竞争，而且还要与自己竞争以达到个人的最高水平。可知，Cerveny对自己要求很高，要与自己竞争以达到最高水平，beatarecord，固定短语，"打破纪录"，此处指Cerveny打破自己过去创下的记录。故选B。22．句意：然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了。A.failed"失败"；B.warned"警告"；C.dragged"拖"；D.raised"举起，提高"。此处指Cerveny腿抽筋，无法支撑他，他摔倒了。failsb固定短语，"使某人失望；有负于某人，某人无能为力"，故选A。23．句意：Cerveny下定决心要完成比赛，他从地面上爬起来，继续前进，但在又爬了50米后又倒了下去。A.rest"休息"；B.win"赢"；C.leave"离开"；D.finish"完成"。根据空后"rosefromthegroundandcontinuedon"可知，Cerveny还想往前，不能打破纪录，但必须完成比赛。故选D。24．句意：他的教练很担心地问他是否想停下来。A.Relieved"解脱"；B.Exhausted"筋疲力尽"；C.Concerned"关心"；D.Disappointed"失望"。根据语境，自己队的参赛选手身体出了状况，教练肯定会担心。故选C。25．句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.luck"运气"；B.effort"努力"；C.passion"激情"；D.respect"尊重"。根据语境，Cerveny的腿抽筋，站着很费力，withgreateffort，固定短语，"吃力地，经过巨大的努力"。故需B。26．句意：Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，然后步履不稳，向前做最后的冲刺。A.rapid"快速"；B.relaxed"放松"；C.unsteady"不稳定"；D.impatient"急躁"。根据上文"Withgreat5Cervenypulledhimselfup."Cerveny吃力地使自己站起来，可知，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，站起来都很费力，冲刺的话，脚步肯定不稳定，踉踉跄跄的。故选C。27．句意：不幸的是，这还不够。A.Normally"通常"；B.Eventually"最终"；C.Unbelievably"令人难以置信的"；D.Unfortunately"不幸地"。根据下文"100metersfromthefinishline,hislegssimply8."在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。可知，Cerveny尽管努力了，但是离终点线还有一段距离，故选D。28．句意：在离终点线100米的时候，他的双腿已经无力支撑。A.gaveout"精疲力竭"；B.brokeup"分手，分解"；C.felldown"倒下"；D.sloweddown"减速"。根据上文"However,hislegscramped(抽筋)and2himwithonly200meterstogo."然而，他的腿抽筋了，在只剩下200米的时候，他摔倒了，可知，Cerveny在还剩200米处腿抽筋的情况下，还往前跑了100米，可推知，此时此刻，他的双腿已精疲力竭。故选A。29．句意：他的教练还没来得及赶到，另一个跑步者Brandon已经在他身边帮忙了。A.guide"引导"；B.reach"到达"；C.serve"服务"；D.blame"责怪"。根据空后"athissidetohelp"，可知，教练没有Brandon跑得快，没能第一时间到达倒下的Cerveny身边。故选B。30．句意：他第一次把Cerveny拉起来的尝试失败了，但他也拒绝放弃。A.refused"拒绝"；B.hesitated"犹豫"；C.regretted"后悔"；D.pretended"假装"。根据下文"Withasecondpull,Cervenywas11"又拉了一下，Cerveny站了起来，可知，尽管第一次没有把Cerveny从地上拉起来，第二次成功了，可推知，Brandon拒绝放弃。故选A。31．句意：又拉了一下，Cerveny站了起来。A.inhishand"在他手里"；B.outofbreath"喘不过气来"；C.onhisfeet"站起来"；D.outofdanger"危险"。根据空前"Withasecondpull",Brandon拉起了倒下的Cerveny，使他站起来。故选C。32．句意：在Cerveny扶着Brandon作支撑，两人缓慢地跑完了最后的100米。A.direction"方向"；B.support"支持"；C.courage"勇气"；D.comfort"安慰"。根据语境，腿部抽筋导致步履踉跄的Cerveny还能跑完最后的一段距离，得到了Brandon的支撑。故选B。33．句意：Brandon甚至确保Cerveny第一个冲过终点线，保证对手的速度更快一点。A.assistant"助理"；B.teammate"队友"；C.follower"跟随者"；D.opponent"对手"。根据上文"Aimingto1hisownrecord,Cervenypushedhimselfhard."为了打破自己的记录，Cerveny对自己要求很高。可知，Cerveny是一个优秀的运动员，本想在这次比赛中打破