大学英语四级（年月考试改革适用）模拟试卷41（共553题）

大学英语四级（年月考试改革适用）模

拟试卷41（共9套）

（共553题）

大学英语四级（年月考试改革适用）模

拟试卷第1套

一、作文（本题共I题，每题7.0分，共I分。）

1、Forthispan,youareallowed30minutesiowriteashortessayemiiledEducation

Feverbasedonthestatisticsprovidedinthechartbelow(FamilySpendingonEducation

inChina).Pleasegiveabriefdescriptionofthechartfirstandthenmakecommentsonit.

Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

FamilySpendingonEducationinChina

uoo

1000

800

600

400

200

WWW2

Source:iResearch,Jefferies

EducationFever

标准答案：EducationFeverFromthegraphabove,wecaneasilyobservethatfamily

spendingoneducationinChinahasasteadyincreaseinthepastdecade,withthenumber

reaching983billionin2013,whichnearlytriplesthenumberin2004.Manyfactors

contributetotheever-increasingeducationspending,"lettingchildrenwinatthestarting

line"beingoneofthem.Manyparentsspendalotofmoneyonpre-schooleducation.

Theytrytosendkidstothebestkindergartenswhosetuitionfeesaremuchhigherthan

thatofuniversities.Choosingbetterprimaryandmiddleschoolsalsotakesmoney.

Normally,studentsmustattendschoolswithinthedistrictwheretheylive.However,

manyparentsprefertosendtheirchildrentoabetter-knownschoolinotherdistricts

regardlessofthelargesumof"donations".Apartfromformaleducation,parentsalsopay

theirchildrenforvariousaftcr-schoolprograms,fromcommonpaintingordancing

classestoexpensiveoverseassummercamps.Thereisnothingwrongwithparents,

passionfbreducation,butparentsshouldkeepinmindthatspendingmoremoneydoesn't

necessarilyguaranteeabettereducationfbrchildren.Moneyshouldbeputwhereit

mattersmost.

知识点解析：这篇图表型作文要求考生结合图表就“教育热''展开论述。根据题目

要求，文章结构可安排如下：第一段简要解读图表的数据，指出十年间中国家庭

对教育的支出稳步增长。第二段论述教育支出不断增加的原因：家长想让孩子赢

在起跑线上：不顾高额的赞助费送子女读名校：喜欢送子女参加各种培训班。第

三段提出自己的建议：家长对教育支出的投入不是越多越好，钱应花在刀刃上。

二、词汇理解(本题共70题，每题1.0分，共70分。)

Officialhealthadvicethatsaidhouseholdchoreshelpkeepyouactivehasbeenproved

wrongbytheresearch,whichshowsthatthepeoplewhodothemosthouseworkarealso

themostoverweight.Astudyofthephysicalactivityhabitsof4,563adults,carriedout

byProfessorMarieMurphyattheUniversityofUlsterfoundthatwomenandolder

peoplewereparticularlylikelytolist"[Cl]physicalactivityasasignificant

proportionoftheirmoderateto[C2]physicalactivity".Murphysaid:"We

foundhouseworkwasreversely[C3]toleanness,whichsuggeststhateither

peopleareoverestimatingtheamountofmoderate-intensityphysicalactivitytheydo

throughhouseworkorareeatingtoomuchto[C4]fortheamountofactivity

undertaken."KevinFenton,directorofhealthandwellbeingatPublicHealthEngland,

suggestedthestudycould[C5]evidencethatsomepeoplethoughttheywere

healthierthantheyactuallywere."Atanindividualleveltheremaybea[C6]to

overestimatethelevelof'goodbehaviour*wc'rcdoingandthisisreflectedwhenpeople

usefooddiaries,pedometers(计步器)orappstomeasuremore[C7]whatthey

haveachieved."hesaid.Buthedefendedeverydaytasksasgenuinelyuseful.Headded:

"Fromanindividual[C8],physicalactivitiessuchashousework,doingthe

shoppingandwalkingtocollectchildrenfromschool,canhave[C9]impactson

physicalandmentalwellbeing.Peoplewhoareevenmoreactivewilloftenseegreater

benefitsanditisimportanttorecognisethathealthyweightisjustoneofthepotential

[CIO]ofphysicalactivity."A)accountE)domesticI)perspectiveM)related

B)adjustedF)gentleJ)positiveN)tendencyC)causesG)objectivelyK)practicallyO)

vigorousD)compensateH)outcomesL)reinforce

2、[Cl]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：该空位于动词lisl后和名词physicalactivity之前，故判断应填入形容

词。文章探讨做家务和身体运动方面的联系。故可推知这里妇女和老人应该是把

“家务活”当成一种体力活动，domestic意为“家庭的”，符合语义。

3、[C2]

标准答案：0

知识点解析：该空同样是位于名词physicalactivity前，故可推知还是填形容词，

由空格前的moderateto可知，填入的形容词与moderate“适度的，温和的”形成对

照，程度上比moderate更进一步，词库中语义与moderate相关的有gentle和

vigorouso但gentle与moderate同义，体现不出空格前的to“从...到..."，故排

除；vigorous表示“有力的，费劲的”，能与moderate形成对照，故为答案。

4、（C31

标准答案：M

知识点解析：该空位于was…to的结构中，推测可能填形容词或动词过去分词。此

处前后提到的对象分别为housework（家务活）和leanness（苗条）。根据全文首句末尾

提到的“做家务事最多的人，体重最重“，再由reversely（相反地）一词推知这里提到

的两者是相反的“关系”，故填related”相关的"，符合语义要求。

5、[C4]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：该空位于t。。..」。…结构后，故此处应填原形动词，且需与其后的介

词for搭配。compensalefor意为“为补偿……”，符合上下文语义，表示为补偿消耗

的体力进食过多，以至于做家务的人并不苗条vaccountfor表示“作某事物的解

释”，放在此处不合语义逻辑。

6、[C5]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：该空位于情态动词could后，推知应填入原形动词。词库中的原形动

词包括compensate,account以及reinforce,但能与名词evidence搭配的动词只有

reinforce,袤示“进一步证实

7、[C6]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：根据空格前的不定冠词a,可知此处应该填单数可数名词。空格后提

到人们高估所做的“良好行为”的水平，以及第3段遑到的“有些人高估了自己的实

际健康状况”，都属于人们的一种意识行为上的“倾向”，故选tendency。干扰项

perspective尤指受到某种思想、经验影响的观点，其后常接介词on或of。

8、[C7]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：该空位于动词measure之后，故推测填入副词，“more一起修

饰measure。而人们使用进食日记、计步器或其他应用软件会使得测量的数据更客

观直接，故应填入objectively“客观地”。

9、[C8]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：该空位于形容词individual后，且前面有不定冠词an,故应填入单数

形式的可数名词。空格后的主句部分表示寻常的体力活动对我们身心健康的影响，

这属于一种观点和看法的表述。故填入perspective“看法”。

10、[C9]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：该空位于动词have后和名词impacts前"故确定应填形容词。由该段

首句可知，本段说一些三常家务是有益处的（useful）,故此处的影响应该是积极

的、正面的,故填入positive“积极的”,符合文章语义。

11、[C10]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：根据空格前的oneof...可知，此处应该填复数名词。该句表示“健康

的体重只是身体活动的……之一”，根据两者的关系，填outcomes“结果”。

三、长篇阅读（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。）

WhatIfYouCouldLearnEverything?[A]Imagineeverystudenthasatirelesspersonal

imor,ananificiallyintelligentandinexhaustiblecompanionthatmagicallyknows

everything,knowsthestudent,andhelpsherlearnwhatsheneedstoknow."'Youguys

soundlikeyou'refromthefuture,1"JoseFerreira,theCEOoftheeducationtechnology

startupKnevvton,says."That'sthemostcommonreactionwegetfromothersinthe

industry."|B|Fouryearsago,thiskindoftalksoundedliketypicalSiliconValleyboast

fromanotherchildishfounderofatechnologystartup.Today,Knewlonsaystheycan

deliverthekindsofbreakthroughs:severalmilliondatapointsgenerateddailybyeachof

1millionstudentsfromelementaryschoolthroughcollege,usingKnewton's"adaptive

learning"technologytostudymath,reading,andotherfundamentals.PeterThiel,the

PayPalco-foundcr,Facebookinvestor,andanearlyinvestorinKncwton,toldKnewton's

staffrecentlythatthecompanyhastwokeycharacteristicshelooksforinadeal."Before

theyhappen,everybodythoughtitwasimpossible.Afterwardsit'stoolateforanyone

else,becausethey'vealreadydoneit.”[C]Adaptivelearningisanincreasinglypopular

sayingindicatingeducationalsoftwarethatcustomizesitspresentationofmaterialfrom

momenttomomentbasedontheuser'sinput.It'sbeinghailedasa"revolution"byboth

venturecapitalistsandbig,establishededucationcompanies.Startingthisfall,Knewton's

technologywillbeavailabletothevastmajorityofthenation'scollegesanduniversities

andK-12schooldistrictsthroughnewpartnershipswiththreemajortextbookpublishers:

Pearson,MacMillan,andHoughtonMifflinHarcourt.AndFerreira*sdoneallthiseven

thoughhesaysneitherhisinvestorsnorhiscompetition,tosaynothingofthepublicor

thepress,reallyunderstandwhatKnewtoncando.[D]Buthere'sthevision.Within5or

10years,thepapertextbookandmimeographed（油印的）worksheetwillbedead.

Classroomexercisesandhomework—text,audio,video,games—willhaveshifted

entirelytotheiPadorequivalent.Andadaptivelearningwillhelpeachuserfindtheexact

rightpieceofcontentneeded,intheexactrightformat,attheexactrighttime,basedon

previouspatternsofuse.|E|Inanageofswellingclasssizes,teacherlayoffs,and

studentswithavastgroupingofspecialneedsandlearningstyles,somereformersgreet

theseadaptivelearningsoftwaresystemsasasaviorthatcouldmakelearningmore

customizedandeffectiveandteachingmoreefficient.WhilebattlelinesaresharpinK-12

schoolreformoverissuesfromcharterstotheCommonCorenationalcurriculum

standards,digitalinnovationshavefansacrossthepoliticalscopefortheirpowerto

engagestudentsandbringtheclassroomintothe21stcentury.[F]Knewton,atbase,isa

recommendationenginebutforlearning.Therecommendationengineisacore

technologyoftheInternet,andprobablyoneyouencountereveryday.Googleuses

recommendations:otherpeoplewhoenteredthesesearchtermsclickedonthispage,so

we'llshowittoyoufirst.Themoreyouuseoneofthesewebsites,themoreitknows

aboutyou—notjustaboutyourcurrentbehavior,butaboutalltheothersearchesand

clicksyou'vedone.Intheory,asyouspendmoretimewithasiteitsrecommendations

willbecomemorepersonalized.[G]RatherthanthesetofallWebpagesorallmovies,

thelearningdatasetis,moreorless,theuniverseofallfacts.Ferreiracallsthesefacts

"atomicconcepts,'1meaningthatthey'reindivisibleintosmallerconcepts.Whena

textbookpublisherlikePearsonloadsitscurriculumintoKnewton'splatform,eachpiece

ofcontent——itcouldbeavideo,atestquestion,oraparagraphoftext——istaggedwiththe

appropriateconceptorconcepts.[H]Theplatformformsapersonalizedstudyplanbased

onthatinformationanddecideswhatthestudentshouldworkonnext,feedingthe

studenttheappropriatenewpiecesofcontentandcontinuouslycheckingtheprogress.A

dashbuaid（仪表盘）showsihcstudenthuwmany"niaslciypoints"havebeenauhiuved

andwhattodonext.Teachers,likewise,canseeexactlywhichconceptsthestudentis

strugglingwith,andnotonlywhetherthehomeworkproblemshavebeendonebutalso

howmanytimeseachproblemwasattemptedorhowmanyhintswereneeded.Themore

peopleusethesystem,thebetteritgets:andthemoreyouuseit,thebetteritgetsforyou.

[I]Inatraditionalclass,ateachermovesagroupofstudentsthroughapredetermined

sequenceofmaterialatasinglepace.Reactionsaredelayed-youdon'tgethomeworkor

popquizzesbackforadayortwo.Somestudentsarebored:someareconfused.Youcan

missakeyidea,fallbehind,andnevercatchup.Software-enabledadaptivelearningflips

allofthisonitshead.Studentscanmoveattheirownspeed.Theycangethintsand

instantfeedback.Teachers,meanwhile,canspendclasstimetargetingtheirhelpto

individualsorsmallgroupsbasedonneed.|J|TheKnewtonsystemusesitsanalyticsto

keepstudentsmotivated.Ifitnoticesthatyouseemtohaveaconfidenceproblem,

becauseyoutoooftenblowquestionsthatshouldbeeasybasedonpreviousresults,it

willstartyouoffwithafewquestionsyou'relikelytogetright.Ifyou'restuck,choosing

thewrongansweragainandagain,itwillthrowoutbroaderandbroaderhintsbeforejust

showingyoutherightanswer.Itknowswhentodrillyouonmultiplicationandwhento

giveyouafunanimatedvideotowatch.[K]Theseareearlydays,andthequestionsare

mounting.Researchindicatesthatemotionalqualitieslikecourage,persistence,and

motivationmaybeevenmoreimportanttostudents'successthantheknowledgeorskills

theyacquire,andtheyalldependheavilyonhumanrelationships.Knowledgeacquisition

istheonlyaspectofeducationthattoday'sdigitaltechnologyseemsespeciallywell

adaptedto.Sofar,mostsoftwareapplications,platforms,apps,andgames,including

Knewton's,havebeenoptimizedfortransferringquantitative,boundedbodiesoffactsin

fieldslikemath,science,orengineering,aswellasbasicliteracyandgrammar.An

adaptive-learningplatformlikeKnewton'sishelplesstoanalyzeastudent'sinsightin

classdiscussions,thespecialbrillianceofanessay,orcreativityinagrouppresentation.

Inararemomentofmodesty,Ferreiraagrees."Intheend,"hesays,"maybeKnewtonis

justatool.'1

12^Studentsgetpersonalizedstudyplanandteachersgetdetailedinformationabout

students*performancefromKnewtonplatform.

标准答案：H

知识点解析：根据students,teachers以及personalizedstudyplan定位到H段。H段

首句讲述Knewton通过已经获取的信息为学生提供个性化学习方案，比如学生接

下来该学习什么。第3句则提到，老师也可以通过该平台看到学生究竟觉得哪个概

念难，以及学生在做家庭作业时每道题尝试了多少次，需耍多少提示等信息，所以

本题是H段的大意概括。

13、Withcooperationwithmajortextbookpublishers,Knewton?stechnologywillbe

accessibletomanyuniversitiesbeginningfromthisautumn.

标准答案：C、’

知识点解析：通过textbookpublishers锁定C段。C段第3句说，从这个秋季尸

始。美国的大多数大专院校以及幼儿园到高中范围的学校都可以使用Knewion的

技术，这得益于Knewton与三大教材出版商的新近合作。题目中的cooperation对

应原文的partnerships；accessibleto对应availableto；autumn对应fall,所以本题

信息来自C段。

14、WhencurriculumsareputintoKnewton'splatform,they'relabeledwithproper

concepts.

标准答案：G

知识点解析：根据concept锁定G段。G段第1、2句讲到Knewton平台是所有“事

实”的集合，而这些"事实''可以被称为“原子概念第3句提到，当Pearson等教材

出版商”课程输入到Knewlon平台的时候。这些内容都会被贴上一个或数个合适

的概念标签。题目中的putinto对应文中o；labeledwith对应tagged

with；prupci对应叩0。?1讪）其他信息点均致，所以本题信息来自G段。

15、TheKnewtonsystempaysattentiontostudents*confidenceproblems.

标准答案：J

知识点解析：通过confidenceproblems定位到J段。该段首句提到Knewton系统会

通过分析来保持学生的学习积极性。第2句举例提到当它发现你似乎信心不足时，

会让你从一些你很可能做对的题目开始练习。题目中的paysattentionto对应原文

的notices,其他信息点均一致，所以本题信息来自于J段。

16、KnewtonbasicallyworksinthesamewayasGoogle,butonlyforlearning.

标准答案：F'

知识点解析：通过Google定位到F段。该段首句提到Knewton从本质上来讲就是

一个推荐引擎，只不过是用来学习的；第3句提到Google使用的就是推荐引擎，

所以得出Knewton和Google的工作原理是一样的，所以本题是对该段第1句和第

3句的概括总结。

17、Adaptivelearningisaphraseusedtoindicateeducationalsoftwarethatchangesthe

materialspresentedtousersaccordingtotheirinput.

标准答案：C'

知识点解析：根据educationalsoftware和input锁定C段。该段首句提到自适应学

习这个说法日益普遍，它指那些时刻根据用户的输人来提供个性化学习材料的教学

软件。题中的phrase与原文的saying对应，changesthematerialspresentedtousers

与customizesitspresentationofmaterial对应，其他信息点也一致，所以本题信息来

自C段。

18、Knewtonhelpslittleindevelopingstudents*emotionalqualities.

标准答案：K

知识点解析：根据emotionalqualities定位到K段。该段第2句提到有研究表明：

比起学生所获取的知识或者技能，像勇气、毅力和积极性这些情商因素对学生的成

功更重要，而这些因素很大程度上取决于人际关系。而第3句提出目前的电子数码

技术只特别适用于知识的获取，故可推知其在培养情商方面帮助不大。

19、Adaptivelearningsoftwaresystemshavemanypoliticalsupporters.

标准答案：E

知识点解析：根据politicalsupporters定位至I」E段.该段第2句说虽然关于学校改

革的争议不断，但是电子数码领域的革新却因其可以吸引学生并能使课堂向21世

纪的现代化转变而在整个政界赢得了众多支持者，这里的电子数码领域的革新包含

自适应学习软件，因此可判断本题信息来自E段。

20、Inatraditionalclass,studentscan'tgettimelyhomeworkfeedback.

标准答案：I

知识点解析：根据Inatraditionalclass定位到I段。该段第1句说在传统的课堂

里，老师用单一的节奏领着一群学生学习顺序既定的教学材料。第2句继续讲述传

统课堂的情况，提到（老师的）反馈是延迟的，比如你需要一到两天后才能拿回咋业

或者突击测验卷。题目信息是对这两句的总结，因此选I。

21、AninvestorbelievedinKnewtonbecauseitownsthecharacteristicshevaluesina

deal.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:根据investor,characteristics和inadeal锁定B段。该段第3句说,

Knewton的一个早期投资人PeterThiel告诉Knewton的员工，Knewton拥有两个他

在做交易时所寻求的重要特征，由此可判断，本题信息来自B段。

四、仔细阅读（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70分。）

Girlsthinktheyarecleverer,moresuccessfulandharderworkingthanboysfromas

youngasfour,astudyhasfound.Boyscomeroundtothisviewbytheageofsevenor

eightandassumethatgirlswilloutperformthematschoolandbehavebetterinlessons,

researchfromtheUniversityofKentshows.Thestudy-GenderExpectationsand

StereotypeThreat—arguesthatteachershavelowerexpectationsofboysthanofgirlsand

thisbelieffulfilsitselfthroughoutprimaryandsecondaryschool.Girls1performanceat

schoolmaybeboostedbywhattheyperceivetobetheirteachers'beliefthattheywill

achievehigherresultsandbemoreconscientious(勤奋的)thanboys,theacademics

claim.Boysmayunderachievebecausetheypickuponteachers'assumptionsthatthey

willobtainlowerresultsthangirlsandhavelessdrive."Bysevenoreightyearsold,

childrenofbothgendersbelievethatboysarclessfocused,ableandsuccessfulthan

girls—andthinkthatadultsendorse(认可)thisstereotype,"theacademicBonnyHartley

said."Therearesignsthattheseexpectationshavethepotentialtobecomeself-fulfilling

ininfluencingchildren'sactualconductandachievement."Hartleysaidthatwhileitwas

unacceptabletodivideclassesbytheraceoftheirpupils,thiswasnotthecaseforgender.

"Inthisway,itiswidelyacceptabletopitchtheboysagainstthegirlsor'harmlessly'

dividetheclassinthiswayforpracticalease."JennyParkes,seniorlectureratthe

InstituteofEducation,UniversityofLondon,saidtherehadbeenmarkedchangesingirls'

achievementintheUKinthelatterhalfofthe20thcentury,inpartthankstofeminism's

influenceonthewaygirlsviewthemselves."Thisseemstobeparticularlythecasefor

middle-classgirls.Somestudieshavelookedathowacademicworkisseenas'feminine'

andsoforsomeboysachievinghighlyatschoolrisksbeinglabelledasfeminine,"Parkes

said."Atthesametime,thisdiffersacrossdifferentcountries,ethnicandsocialclass

groupsandfromsubjecttosubject.Adultsdohaveanimportantroleinhelping

children—whethertheyaregirlsorboys,highorlowachievers——tohaveconfidencein

themselvesaslearners."

22>ThestudyGenderExpectationsandStereotypeThreatshowsthat.

ANgirlsbecomeclevererthanboysfromasyoungasfour

B、teachersbelievethatgirlscouldoutperformboysatschool

C^teachershavehigherexpectationsofgirlsonlyduringprimaryschool

D、boysbegintofulfillthemselvesintheirstudybytheageofsevenoreight

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第2段提到该研究指出，老师对男孩的期望值比女孩要低(lower

expectationsofboysthanofgirls),B中的girlscouldoutperformboys与此同义;第1

段末也出现类似说法(girlswilloutperformthematschool),故B为正确答案。

23、Thelikelyresultofteachers'genderprejudiceisthat.

A、boyshavenotenoughmotivationtodowellatschool

B、girlsarelesssuccessfulintheirstudythanboys

C^parentsalsopickuponthesamenotion

D、boysareunderestimatedbygirls

标准答案：A

知识点解析：该段提到教师的偏见所产生的后果：女孩因受鼓励而表现更优异

(Girls,perfbnnance...maybeboosted...),男孩因缺乏动力(havelessdrive)表现不佳

(Boysmayunderachieve)oA与该段最后一句意思相同，故为答案。

24、WhatdocsBonnyHartleythinkofclassdivisionbygender?

A、Inevitable.

Unpractical.

C、Beneficial.

D、Unacceptable.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：该段倒数第2句说到Hartley认为尽管按种族来分班的做法不可取，

但按性别类分班却另当别论。言下之意即为，按性别分班的方法是可取的。同时结

合该段最后一句的关键词widelyacceptable,harmlessly,forpracticeease等可知，

按性别分班的做法是“有益的”，故应选C。

25、WhydidBritishgirlshavegreatacademicprogressinthelatterhalfofthe20th

century?

A^Boyswithgoodperformanceatschoolwerelabeledasfeminine.

B、Feminismadvocatedwomen'ssuperiorityovermen.

C、Middle-classgirlswereparticularlysmart.

D^Feminismaffectedthegirls'viewofthemselves.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第5段末的inpartthanksto之后的内容即为原因，D中的affected对

应文中的influence；thegirls'viewofthemselves对应文中的thewaygirlsview

themselves,故D为正确答案。

26、Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A、Adultsshouldbesureofthemselvesaslearners.

B、Adultscouldcontributealottochildren'slearning.

C^Adultsshouldpayalltheirattentiontoboysoflowachievement.

D、Allthecountrieshavethesameattitudetochildren'slearning.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章最后一句提到大人在帮助孩子建立自信的方面起着至关重要的作

用，B”大人可以对小孩的学习作出很多贡献”是合理的推断，故为正确答案。

"Wehavebeenignoringthebiggestglobalhealththreatofthe21stcentury."Thiswasthe

messagespelledoutinareportlaunchedbydoctorsandclimatologists（气候学家）in

London.Overthecomingcentury,climatechangewillworsenvirtuallyeveryhealth

problemweknowof."Thehealthsectorhasinthepastnotonlyunderestimatedbut

completelyneglectedandignoredtheissues/1saidRichardHorton,editorofTheLancet.

"Thishasnotbeenanissueontheagendaofanyprofessionalbodyinhealthoverthelast

10yearsinanysignificantway."TheLancetcommissionedthereportfromapanelof

specialistsatUniversityCollegeLondon.Thedoctorssaidtheyfeltthetidewasturning,

however."Itistruethatthehealthsectorisbeginningtowakeuptothis,'1saidHugh

Montgomery,directorofUCL*sInstituteforHumanHealthandPerformance.Hecited

theUK'sRoyalCollegeofPhysicians,whosepresidenthasmadeclimatechange"pretty

muchitsnumberonepriority".AnthonyCostello,directorofUCL'sInstituteforGlobal

Health,saidthathelpingtowritethereporthadbeenapersonalwake-upcall."Eighteen

monthsago,Ifelttherewereotherpriorities,"hesaid."Ithoughtinfantdeathswerea

muchmoreimmediaterisktothedevelopingcountriesIvisited."Thereportalertedhim

uptothefactthattheworldisfacingaglobalcrisis.'*1wanttoretainsomeoptimism.If

wedoactnow,wecanholdbackthiscrisis.'*Thedoctorsandresearcherslistedshortages

ofwaterandfood,alongwithwarandecologicalcollapse,asthemostpressinghealth

threatsposedbyclimatechange.Themessagedoesnotappeartohavefilteredthroughto

thefamilydoctorsandhealthpolicy-makerswhosejobistosavelives."Thinkofthe

averagegeneralpractitioner,"saidMarkMaslin,aclimatologistatUCL.Betweenshort

appointmentsandstrugglingtokeepupwithmedicaljournals,theyhavelittletimeto

factorclimatechangeintotheirlonglistofresponsibilities."Thisreportsaysthemedical

professionhastowakeup,"saidMaslin."Pullingourhairout,sayingwe'reailgoingto

diehorriblydoesnotsavelives."

27、Inthe21stcentury,people'shealthwillbethreatenedmostseverelyby.

A、climatechange

B、thewatershortage

C、thecontinualwars

D、infantdeaths

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章第1句即提到•份新报告指出“21世纪全球健康状况的最大威胁

一直被我们忽视”，第2段则指出这个威胁就是climatechange,故A为答案。

28、TheUK'sRoyalCollegeofPhysiciansiscitedbyHughMontgomeryto.

A^wakeuppeopletopaycloseattentiontoclimatechange

B、provethatpeoplewasturningtheirattentiontoclimatechange

C、praisethepresidentofthatcollegewhowasveryfar-sighted

D^showthatpeoplehadfocusedonclimatechangelongbefore

标准答案：B

知识点解析：该段最后一句提到该学院的校长将气候变化视为“头号考虑对

象”(numberonepriority),证明他们对climatechange的重视。这与该段第1句提到

的医生们认为thetidewasturning(其中thetide指第3段提到的climatechange被医

学界忽视的问题)相吻合，故可确定这个例子是为J’说明thetideisturning这一主题

的，B与此相符，故为答案。

29、WecanlearnfromParagraph5thatAnthonyCostello.

A^isthedirectorofUniversityCollegeLondon

B、waswokenupafterreadingthereport

C、hadvisitedsomedevelopingnationswheremanyinfantsdied

D^realizedthethreatofclimatechangeonhisvisitstodevelopingnations

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第5段第3句提到AnthonyCoslello去过一些发展中国家，并因此认

为infantdeaths才是这些国家现在面临的首要危机，由此可推测这些国家的婴儿死

亡率一定很高，C与此相符，故为答案。

30、Thephrase"theaveragegeneralpractitioner"(Line1,Para.7)mostprobablyrefers

to.

A、thedoctorofaverageability

BNthemedicalresearchspecialist

C、theordinaryfamilydoctor

D、thebusypracticalnurse

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由该段可知，Iheaveragegeneralpraciilioner有两个特点：需”出

诊”(shortappointments)和追踪医学期刊上的最新进展(keepupwithmedical

journals),并且没有时间关注climatechange,这与第6段末提到的familydoctors

的情况类似(该句指出气候变化的严重性还没有被家庭医生所知晓)，据此，可以确

定C最符合文意，为正确答案。

31、Whatisthepracticalvalueofthereportmentionedinthepassage?

A、Ithelpsthemedicalfieldpredictthatallthepeoplewilldieterribly.

Itidentifiesthemostsuitableplaceforpeopletolivein.

C、Itanalyzesthepotentialthreatspeoplewillmeetwithinthe21stcentury.

D、Italertsthemedicalfieldtothehealththreatcausedbyclimatechange.

标准答案；D-

知识点解析：综观全文，该报告揭示了一直被人们低估甚至忽略的问题：气候变化

是全球健康的最大威胁。由文中反复出现的wakeuptothis,wake-upcall,

alerted...up,hastowakeup等词可知，该报告旨在熊醒人们要重视气候变化对健康

的威胁，D与此相符，故为答案。

五、翻译•汉译英(本题共［题，每题7.0分，共I分。)

32、刺绣(embroidery)是一种具彳j悠久历史的传统中国手工艺品(handicraRarl)。刺

绣是用绣针和彩线在织物绣制各种图案。传统刺绣既可以单面绣图，也可以双面绣

图。人们将中国的绘画艺术应用在刺绣中。刺绣的图案包括花鸟鱼虫、风景和人物

等。人物刺绣强调逼真的图案。作为中国古代的一种工艺品，刺绣极大地促进了中

国物质文明的发展。

标准答案：EmbroideryisakindoftraditionalChinesehandicraftartwithalong

history.Itreferstocreatingvariouspatternsonfabricswithneedlesandcoloredthreads.

Traditionalembroideryproductscandisplaypatternseitherononesideoronbothsides.

TheartofChinesepaintinghasbeenappliedtoembroidery,whosedesignsinclude

flowers,birds,fish,insects,landscapesandhumanfigures.Embroideryofhumanfigures

emphasizesvividpatterns.AsoneoftheancienthandicraftartsofChina,embroideryhas

greatlycontributedtothedevelopmentofChinesematerialcivilization.

知识点解析：1.翻译较长的陈述句，首要任务是分析句子主干，确定句子结构。

第1句的主干是“刺绣是一种手工艺品”，定语成分“具有悠久历史的“可使用介词短

语withalonghistory来表达。2.第2句是对“刺绣”下定义，本句若按中文语序译

成Embroideryistouse...tocreate…则是中式英文，不符合英语表达习惯。译文将其

处理成F定义的refersto…的句型。“绣制J”可直译成embroider,也可按意思处理成

create或draw。"彩线"的“彩"译成colored,也可译成colorful。前者代表“看了色的

线”，后者指“五颜六色的“，用在此处都恰当。3.第3句的主语“传统刺绣”增译

produci一词，意为刺绣产品，表达更加完整。“只是单面绣图”可转译成“展示的图

案只有一面“，避免了动词embroider(绣)和名词embroidery两个同根词出现在同一

个句子中，使句子表达更简洁。“既可以……也可以……”可用either…or…表达。

4.翻译第4句时可进行语态转换，将“绘画艺术”译成主语，用被动语态，以示强

调。5.第4句和第5句中的“图案”可译成pattern或design。但译成picture则不恰

当，这个词主要指“图画、绘画、图片6.最后一句“促进了"可译成promoted或

boosted,也可用coniribuledlo来表达，这个短语除了常表达的“对……有贡献”之

外，还有“促成，促进”的意思。

六、短篇新闻(本题共7题，每题1.0分，共7分。)

33、

A、Sheoperatedheraircraftsingle-handed.

B、ShefollowedBoeing'scommercialroute.

「、Shedroveanoldaircra什sponsoredhyRoeing.

D、Shestoppedoccasionallytorepairaircraft.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题目询问Ms.Taylor怎样完成飞行。新闻中有明确提到她是独自驾

驶飞机的(drivealone),A中的single-handed指“独自完成的”，与新闻中的drive

alone同义，故A为本题答案。

34、

A、Sheuploadedherpicturesontwitter.

B、Shelosthertemperseveraltimes.

C>Shearguedheatedlywithtechnicians.

D、Sheleftphotographersbehindhalfway.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题目询问飞行期间Mrs.Taylor经历了什么。新闻后段提到，她承认

中途停下来加油时冲地勃发过火(nownintoarage),B“她有几次发了脾气”与新闻

内容一致，为本题答案。

35、

A、Itraisedthefoodprices.

B、Itmethugerentrises.

C、Itattractedmorediners.

D、Itgained