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新目标英语七年级下册知识点总结

Unit

1

Can

you

play

the

guitar?

情态动词+V原

can

do=

be

able

to

do

2,

Play+

the+

乐器

+球类,棋类

join

参加社团、组织、团体

4,

4个说的区别:say+内容

Speak+语言

Talk

谈论

talk

about

sth

talk

with

sb

talk

to

sb

Tell

告诉,讲述

tell

sb

(not)to

do

sth

Tell

stories/

jokes

5,

want=

would

like

+(sb)to

do

sth

6,

4个也的区别:too

肯定句末

(前面加逗号)

Either否定句末(前面加逗号)

Also

行前be

As

well

口语中(前面不加逗号)

7,

be

good

at+

V-ing=do

well

in

擅长于

be

good

for

对„有益

(be

bad

for对„有害)

be

good

to

对„友好

(good

可用friendly,nice,kind替换)

be

good

with和„相处好=get

on/

along

well

with

8,

特殊疑问句的构成:疑问词+一般疑问句

9,

How/

what

about+V-ing

„怎么样?(表建议)

10,感官动词(look,

sound,

taste,

smell,

feel)+adj/

like

11,选择疑问句:回答不能直接用Yes或者No,要从中选择一个回答

12,students

wanted

for

school

show(wanted表示招募,含有被动意义)

13,show

sth

to

sb=show

sb

sth

give

sth

to

sb=give

sb

sth

14,help

sb

(to)do

sth

Help

sb

with

sth

With

sb’s

help=

with

the

help

of

sb

Help

oneself

to

随便享用

15,be

busy

doing

sth/

be

busy

with

sth

16,need

to

do

sth

17,be

free=

have

time

18,have

friends=

make

friends

19,call

sb

at

+电话号码

20,on

the

weekend=

on

weekends

21,English-speaking

students

说英语的学生(带有连词符,有形容词性质)

22,do

kung

fu表演功夫

Unit

2

What

time

do

you

go

to

school?

1,

问时间用what

time或者when

At+钟点

at

7

o’clock

at

noon/

at

night(during/

in

the

day)

On+

具体某天、星期、特指的一天

on

April

1st

on

Sunday

on

a

cold

winter

morning

In

+年、月、上午、下午、晚上

2,

时间读法:顺读法

逆读法:分钟≤30用past

five

past

eight(8:05)

half

past

eight(8:30)

分钟>30用to

a

quarter

to

ten(9:45)

整点用

„o’clock

7

o’clock(7:00)

3,3个穿的区别:wear

表状态,接服装、手套、眼镜、香水等

Put

on

表动作,接服装

Dress

表动作,接sb/

oneself

get

dressed穿衣

3,

感叹句:How+adj+主谓!

How+adj+a/an

+n单+主谓!

What+

a/an

+adj+

n单+主谓!

What+

adj+

n复/

不可数+主谓!

4,

from„to„

5,

be/

arrive

late

for

6,

频度副词(行前be

后)

Always

usually

often

sometimes

seldom

hardly

never

7,一段时间前面要用介词for

for

half

an

hour

for

five

minutes

8,

eat/

have„

for

breakfast/

lunch/

dinner/

supper

9,

either„or

10,a

lot

of=lots

of

11,it

is

+adj+for

sb

+to

do

sth

(adj修饰to

do

sth)It

is

important

for

me

to

learn

English.

it

is

+adj+of

sb

+to

do

sth

(adj修饰sb)

It

is

kind/

friendly/

nice

of

you

to

help

me.

Unit

3

How

do

you

get

to

school?

1,

疑问词

How

如何(方式)

how

long

多长(时间)答语常用“(For/

about

+)时间段”

how

far多远(距离)答语常用“(It’s

+)数词

+miles/

meters/

kilometers”

how

often多久一次(频率)答语常用“Always/

often/

every

day/„”或

“次数+时间”等表频率的状语

How

soon多快,多久以后,常用在将来时中。答语常用“in

+时间段”

how

many多少(接可数名词)

how

much(接不可数名词)

why为什么(原因)

what什么

when何时

who谁

whom谁(宾格)(针对宾语提问也可用who)

whose谁的

2,

宾语从句要用陈述句语序

3,

Stop

sb

from

doing

sth

Stop

to

do

停下来去做其他事

Stop

doing

停止正在做的事

what

do

you

think

of/

about„?=

how

do

you

like„?你认为„怎么样?

He

is

11

years

old.

He

is

an

11-year-old

boy.

6,

many

students=

many

of

the

students

7

be

afraid

of

sth

be

afraid

to

do

sth

worry

about

be

worried

about

担心

8,

play

with

sb

9,

come

true

10,have

to

do

sth

11,he

is

like

a

father

to

me

(like像)

12,leave离开

leave

for

出发前往某地

13,cross

是动词

across是介词

14,thanks

for

+n/

V-ing

Thanks

for

your

help/

thanks

for

helping

me.

Thanks

for

your

invitation/

thanks

for

inviting/

asking

me.

Thanks

to幸亏,由于,因为

15,4个花费:人+spend/

spends/

spent+时间/钱+(in)doing

sth/

on

sth

人+pay/

pays/

paid

+钱+for

sth

It

takes/

took

sb

+时间+to

do

sth

物+cost/

costs/

cost

+sb

+钱

16,交通方式

●用介词。在句子中做方式状语。

①by

+交通工具名词(中间无需任何修饰)

By

bus/

bike/

car/

taxi/

ship/

boat/

plane/

subway/

train„„

②by

+交通路线的位置

By

land/

water/

sea/

air

③in/

on

+冠词/物主代词/指示代词

+交通工具名词

In

a/

his/

the

car

On

a/

his/

the

bus/

bike/ship/

train/

horse/

motorbike

④on

foot

步行

●用动词。在句子中做谓语。

①take

+

a/

the

+交通工具名词

take

a

bus/

plane/

ship/

train

ride

a

bike

②walk/

drive/

ride/

fly

to„„(后面接here,there,home等地点副词时,省略介词to。)如步行回家:walk

home

17,名词所有格

一般情况加’s

Tom’s

pen

以s结尾加’

the

teachers’

office

ten

days’

holiday

表示几个人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加’s

Mike

and

John’s

desk

表示每个人各自拥有,在每个名词后加’s

Mike’s

and

John’s

desks

Unit

4

Don’t

eat

in

class.

1,祈使句(变否定在句首+don’t)

Be型(be

+表语),否定形式:don’t

+

be

+表语

Be

quiet,please.

Don’t

be

late!

Do型(实义动词+其他),否定形式:don’t

+实义动词+其他

Come

here,please.

Don’t

play

football

here.

Let型(let

sb

do

sth),否定形式:don’t

+

let

sb

do

sth或者let

sb

not

do

sth

No+n/

V-ing

No

photos

/mobile;No

parking/

smoking/

spitting/

talking/

picking

of

flowers

2,in

class在课堂上

in

the

classroom

在教室

3,be

on

time准时

4,listen

to

music

5,(have

a)fight

with

sb

7,

eat

outside

8,

Must

与have

to

(1)must

表示说话人主观上的看法,意为“必须”。

have

to

表示客观的需要或责任,意为“不得不,必须”,后接动词原词。

(2)must没有人称,时态和数的变化Have

to

有人称,数,时态的变化,其第三人称单数形式为

has

to

,过去式为had

to.

构成否定句或疑问句时借助动词do/

does。

(3)have

to的否定式是needn’t=don’t

/

doesn’t

have

to

(不必要);must的否定式是must

not/

mustn’t(一定不能,不允许)。

9,

Some

of„

10,bring„to„

11,practice

(doing)sth

12,wash/

do

the

dishes

13,on

school

days/

nights

14,break/

follow(obey)the

rules

15,Be

strict

with

sb/

oneself

be

strict

in

sth对„„严格。

16,too

many“太多”修饰可数名词复数4,ask

for

help/

advice

5,in/

on

the

street

6,在某条大街上习惯用介词on

on

Bridge

Street

7,across

from,next

to,between„and„,behind

8,in

front

of在„(外部的)前面→behind在„后面

in

the

front

of在„(内部的)前面

9,be

in

town→be

out

of

town

10,be

far

from

11,go/

walk

along

go

straight

go

up/

down

12,turn

left/right

13,on

one’s/

the

left

14,at

the

first

crossing/

turning

15,sometimes

有时(频度副词)

sometime(将来)有朝一日,(曾经)某天

Some

times

几次,几倍

some

time

一段时间(前面用介词for)

16,free

空闲的

free

time

自由的

as

free

as

a

fish

免费的

The

best

things

in

life

are

free.

17,enjoy

doing

18,Time

goes

quickly.

19,表“一些”在肯定句中用some.

在疑问句和否定句中用any。

特殊用法:some可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中。

any也可用于肯定句中,表示"任何的"。

Unit

9

What

does

he

look

like?

1,what

does

he

look

like?询问人长什么样,回答:①主语+be+形容词/

介词短语(he

is

tall/

of

medium

height);②主语+have/has+形容词+名词(she

has

long

hair)

what

does

sb

like?询问某人喜欢什么

2,多个形容词修饰名词

多个形容词修饰名词,一般关系近的靠近名词;音节少的在前,音节多的在后。

限定词+数词(序前基后)+描绘性形容词+大小、长短、高低+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词

3,May

be

为情态动词+动词原形,在句子中做谓语,maybe是副词,表示可能,大概,一般放在句首。

4,a

little,little修饰不可数名词,a

little表示一点点,little表示几乎没有

a

few,few修饰可数名词,a

few表示一点点,few表示几乎没有

5,

Find

强调找到的结果,look

for

强调寻找的过程.

6,问职业:what

do

you

do?=what

is

your

job?

7,the

same

as→be

different

8,long

straight

brown

hair

9,最后in

the

end(表事情结局)finally(强调次序)at

last(强调经多番努力终于达成)

By

the

end

of

直到„„为止

At

the

end

of在„„末端/尽头

Unit

10

I’d

like

some

noodles.

1,

名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词(不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数)。

可数名词又分单数和复数。○1一般+s;○2以-s,-x,-ch,sh结尾的名词+es;○3辅音+y,把y变i,再+es;○4以-o结尾的,有生命的+es(negro—negroes;hero—heroes;tomato—tomatoes;potato—potatoes);无生命的+s;⑤以f,fe

结尾的名词,改f,fe为v+es(leaf—leaves;knife—knives)(例外:roofs,chiefs)⑥单复数同形:sheep,deer.不规则变化:man—men;woman—women;child—children;foot—feet;tooth—teeth等

2,would

like

sth.

想要某物

Would

you

like

some

…?

你想要一些……吗?

——Yes,

please./

——No,

thanks.

would

like

to

do

sth.

“想要做某事”。

Would

you

like

to

?

你愿意去做……吗?

—Yes,

I’d

like

/

love

to./—I’d

like/

love

to.

But

I’m

too

busy.

would

like

sb

to

do

sth

“想要某人做某事”。

3,order:order

food

take/

have

one’s

order

In

order

to为了

In

the

order按顺序

Order/

book

a

room

预定房间

Order

sb(not)to

do

sth命令

4,special和especial

Special特别的人或事物,特别的,特殊的,specials特色菜;specially专门地,特地

Especial特别的,突出的,especially特别,尤其

5,

the

number

of表示“„„的数量”,后面接可数名词复数。做主语时,主语是number而不是of后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用单数;

a

number

of表示“许多”,相当于many,

后面接可数名词复数,做主语时,主语不是number而是of后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用复数。

Number前可用large,great,small修饰,不能用little。

6,仍然,还:still(肯定句)

Yet(疑问句、否定句)

7,one

bowl

of

two

bowls

of

8,what

size(+n)would

you

like?

Large/

medium/

small

9,what

kind

of

10,大:big

体格大、笨重→small,little

形容具体的人或物

Huge物体体积巨大=very

big

Large物体面积、空间、范围、数量大→small

不修饰人

Great重大事件或行为,伟大,具有感情色彩

11,肯定句中表并列用and

否定句、疑问句中表并列用or

12,around

the

world=

all

over

the

world

13,make

a

wish

14,blow

out

15,in/

at

one

go

16,get

popular

17,cut

up(动副结构)

18,bring

good

luck

to

19,different

kinds

of

20,be

short

of缺乏

Unit

11

How

was

your

school

trip?

1,一般过去时

基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其他;

否定形式:①was

/

were

+

not;

②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原动词;

一般疑问句:①Was/Were+主语+其他?②Did+主语+动词原形+其他?

2,动词过去式规则变化:直接加ed;以不发音e结尾的单词,直接加d;以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加ed;以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加ed;以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed

不规则变化的动词过去式(见书本最后一页)

3,

How

was

your

school

trip?=

what

was

your

school

trip

like?

4,

Go

for

a

walk

5,

Milk

a

cow

6,

Ride

a

horse

7,

Quite

a

lot

8,

Show

sb

around

9,

并列谓语的时态和数必须一致。

10,In

the

countryside

11,after

that

12,come

out

13,go

on

school

trip

14,along

the

way

15,buy/

get

sb

sth=

buy/

get

sth

for

sb

16,all

in

all

17,否定转移(主语为第一人称I

或者we时)think,believe,suppose

18,be

interested

in

+n/

v-ing

19,not

at

all

20,diary

entry

21,Something意为“某事,有些事”;

anything意为“任何事,任何东西”;

everything意为“每一件事”(其后的谓语动词要用单数);

nothing意为“没事,什么事都没有”。

Unit

12

What

did

you

do

last

weekend?

1,

go+V-ing与do

some

+V-ing

go+V-ing表示“去从事某种活动”(一般指户外)go

shopping/

swimming/

skating/

dancing/

skiing/

climbing/

camping/

hiking„„

do

some

+V-ing

表示“从事

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