河南省新未来联考2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中考试英语（含答案）

河南省新未来联考2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中考试英语姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Afilm,alsocalledamovie,isaworkusedtocommunicateideas,stories,feelings,beautyandmuchmorethroughtheuseofmovingimages.ThisarticlethereforeintroducessomerightmoviesorTVserieswhichwillbenefitstudentsinonewayortheother.LikeStarsonEarthThisisahearttouchingIndianmoviethattellsthestoryofaboynamedIshaanAwasthi.Heisan8-year-oldboywithdyslexia(阅读障碍)andthisgreatlyinfluenceshisperformanceinschool.Ishaanhasanamazingtalentforartandpainting,butnoonewouldliketoknowhimandbehisfriendsuntilanewartteacher,RamNikumbh,arrives.HetakesspecialinterestinIshaananddiscoversIshaan'sproblemandhisartistictalent.TheSocialNetworkIttellsusthestoryofyoungMarkZuckerbergwhoisanundergraduateatHarvardandalsoacomputergenius(天才).HebeginstoworkonanideawhichgrowsintoagloballyrecognizedsocialnetworkcalledFacebook.ThismakesMarkoneoftheyoungestbillionairesexisting.GrownishFilledwithreallifesituationsandgrownuppeople,thisseriestakesusbacktouniversity-lifestyle.Grownishthroughfouramazingseasons,teachesushowtonavigate(驾驭)theuniversitythroughtheeyesofZoeyJohnson.Zoeyisatalentedfashiondesignerandstylistwhoseemstohavetheworldallplannedoutforher.KingofBoys2Ifyouhaven'talreadyseenthefirstmovieinthisseries,youshouldtaketwostepsbacksoyoudon'tgetlostinthispolitical(政治的)forest.Thismovieisthetypethathasyousittingattheedge(边缘)ofyourseatfromstarttofinish.KingofBoys2takesustotheunderworldofatrulydirtygamecalled"politics".1．Whyisthe8-year-oldboynamedIshaandoingpoorlyinschool?A．Hehasdifficultyreading.B．Histeachersdislikehim.C．Hefailstomakenewfriends.D．Hetakesnointerestinstudies.2．WhofoundedFacebook?A．RamNikumbh. B．MarkZuckerberg.C．ZoeyJohnson. D．IshaanAwasthi.3．WhatisKingofBoys2about?A．Anartteacher'sstory. B．Acomputergenius.C．Afashiondesigner'sgrowth. D．Apoliticalgame.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。BethanyMeilaniHamiltonwasbornonFebruary8,1990,inLihue,Kauai,Hawaii.Raisedinasurfingfamily,alongwitholderbrothersNoahandTim,Bethanylearnedtosurfattheageof7.Shebegancompetitivesurfingatage8,andbyage9shehadgotherfirstsponsorship(赞助).InOctober2003,afterhavingplaced3rdintheOpenWomen'sDivisionearlierthatyear,Bethany'slifechangedforever.BethanywentouttosurfatTunnelsBeachinHa'enawithherbestfriend,AlanaBlanchard,andBlanchard'sfatherandbrother.Whilelyingonherboard,Bethanysuddenlyfelthugepressureonherleftarmandwaspulledbackandforthforafewseconds.Feelingnopainatfirst,shenoticedthewateraroundherhadturnedred,andhershockedfriendfirstrealizedthatshewasattackedbyashark.Hamiltonlostherleftarmjustbelowtheshoulder.Assherecovered,shemadetwopromisestoherself.Thefirstwasthatshewouldnotmoan(抱怨)aboutherterribleaccidentandthesecondwasthatshewouldgetbackonthesurfboard.Afteronly26days,shewassurfingagain!Sheisnowoneofthetop50femalesurfersintheworld.ShealsowonfirstprizeintheExplorerWomen'sDivisionoftheNSSANationalChampionships.Bethany'sstoryhasbeenturnedintomanybooks,includingafewwrittenbyherself.ShehasappearedonmanyTVshows,magazinearticlesandin2004wasnamedtheBestComebackAthleteandalsoreceivedtheCourageTeenChoiceAward.ThelasttwobookswrittenbyBethanywerebasedaroundthethemeofbeingunstoppable.OneofherbooksisnamedBeUnstoppable:TheArtofNeverGivingUpandhasguidedreaderstobebrave,enjoylifeandnevergiveup.4．WhendidBethanystarttotakepartinsurfingcompetitions?A．In1990. B．In1997. C．In1998. D．In2003.5．Whatcanweknowabouttheterribleaccident?A．Ithappenedduringacompetition.B．Bethanylostherarmsintheaccident.C．AlanawasthefirsttofindoutBethanywasattacked.D．ItwassopainfulthatBethanypassedoutimmediately.6．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．ThepopularityofBethany. B．ThepromisesofBethany.C．ThebookswrittenbyBethany. D．TheprizesBethanywon.7．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBethany?A．Knowledgable. B．Encouraging. C．Outgoing. D．Sociable.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ResearcherswhoexaminedDNAfromfamousGermanmusicianLudwigvanBeethovenhavelearnednewdetailsabouthishealth.TheDNA—whichcamefromBeethoven'shair—didnotprovideacauseforhisdeafness.Butthesamplesdidfindthathehadagenetic(遗传的)riskforliver(肝脏)disease.TheDNAalsoshowedsignsthatBeethovenwasinfected(感染)inthelastmonthsofhislife.Thevirus(病毒)isveryharmfultotheliver.ThefindingsrecentlyappearedinastudyinthepublicationCurrentBiology.ThefindingssuggestBeethoven'sliverproblemswereenoughtocausetheliverfailurewidelybelievedtohavekilledhim.Themusicianwasalsobelievedtohavebeenaheavydrinker,whichcanaffecttheliver.March26of2023isthe196thanniversaryofBeethoven'sdeathinVienna,Austria.Themusicianhimselfwrotethathewanteddoctorstostudyhishealthproblemsafterhedied.Sincehisdeath,scientistshavelongtriedtopiecetogetherBeethoven'smedicalhistory.Andtheyhaveofferedaseriesofpossibleexplanationsforhismanyhealthconditions.ButnewexaminationtechnologyandmethodsnowmakeitpossibletorevisithealthanddeathinformationbystudyingDNA.AftercleaningBeethoven'shaironepieceatatime,scientistsputthepiecesintoasubstance(物质)andcollectedsmallamountsofDNA.CollectingenoughgeneticmaterialswasdifficultbecauseDNAinhairgetscutupintoverysmallpieces.Butfinally,afterusingupalmost3metresofBeethoven'shair,theteamwasabletopiecetogetheragenomethattheycouldtestforsignsofgeneticdisease.ThequestionofwhatcausedBeethoven'shearinglossremainsunanswered,saidOhioStateUniversity'sDr.AvrahamZ.Cooper.Coopersaidthatenigmamightcontinueforeverbecausegeneticscanonlyshowushalfofthe"natureandnurture"elementsthatmakeupourhealth.However,CooperaddedthatthemysteryispartofwhatmakesBeethovensointerestingandpopular."Ithinkthefactthatwecan'tknowisOK,"hesaid.8．WhatiscommonlyrecognizedasthecauseofBeethoven'sfinaldeath?A．Hisdeafness. B．Theliverfailure.C．Hisbadhabitsinlife. D．Thegeneticdisease.9．HowdidscientistsdiscovernewdetailsaboutBeethoven'shealth?A．Byreadinghiswilltohisdoctors.B．Byre-examininghismedicalhistory.C．Bygettingplentyofgeneticmaterials.D．Bylistingthecausesofphysicalproblems.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"enigma"inParagraph6probablymean?A．Secret. B．Story. C．Decision. D．Work.11．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atextbook. B．Atravelguide.C．Anewsreport. D．Abookreview.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。TheUnitedStatesgetshitbysomeofthestrongestandmostdestructivestormsonEarth.Examplesofextremeweatherincludehurricanes,tornadoes,floodsanddroughts.Butthestormsthemselvesarenottheonlyproblem.Weatherexpertssayhumanchoicesaboutwhereandwhattobuildaremakingthesituationmuchworse.SusanCutterisageographyprofessor.ShesaidacountrylikeChinahasmorepeopleandlandareathantheUnitedStates.But,sheadded,"Theydon'thavethesamekindofcrashofairmasses(气团碰撞)asmuchaswedointheUSthatisproducingalotoftheextremeweather."TheUSexperiencesbyfarmoretornadoesandotherstrongstormsthanothercountries,saidVictorGensini,aweatherexpert.Gensinidescribedarepeatingweatherpattern(模式)thatleadstomanystrongstorms.ThepatterninvolvesdryairfromthewesternUSmovingupovertheRockyMountains.There,itcrashesintowarm,wetterairfromtheGulfofMexico.IntheWest,peoplefacewildfiresaswellasanextremeweathereventknownasanatmosphericriver.Atmosphericriversarelongandwideareasofwatervapour(蒸汽)thatformoveranocean.Whenatmosphericriversreachland,theyoftengiveoutthewatervapourintheformofrainorsnow.TheUSNortheastexperiencesstrongstormsinthewinterandhurricanesinthesummer.Sometimesitexperiencesboth.ButweatherexpertssayeventhoughgeographyputsAmericansinthepathofmanystrongstorms,humanactivitycanmakethestormsmoreharmful.Oneofthemainproblemsiswhencommunitiesallowdevelopmentinareaswithahighriskforstormsandflooding.Insomecases,theexpertssaybuildingstandardshavegonedowninrecentyears,puttingmorebuildingsatriskduringstrongstorms.Inaddition,povertycanmakeitdifficultforpeopletoprepareforandrecoverfromdisasters.Thisisalsotrueforpeopleinmanyotherplacesoftheworld.12．WhatcanweinferfromSusanCutter'swordsinParagraph2?A．Chinasufferslotsoffloods.B．Americahasamazingclimate.C．Largepopulationleadstostrongstorms.D．ThereismoreextremeweatherintheUS.13．Whereisthedryairfrom?A．ThewestofAmerica. B．TheGulfofMexico.C．TheUSNortheast. D．TheRockyMountains.14．Whatmayatmosphericriversbring?A．Thespreadofwildfires. B．Riverstodryup.C．Theriseintemperature. D．Heavyrainfall.15．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．WhyDoestheUSLeadtheWorldinWeatherDisasters?B．Experts'StudyoftheMountainsinAmericaC．IntroductiontoNaturalDisastersintheUnitedStatesD．TheInfluenceoftheGeographicalLocationoftheUS二、第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatdoastudentinChina,anofficeworkerintheUKandanastronautinspaceallhaveincommon?16．Andthey'renotalone—over100billionservingsofinstantnoodles(方便面)areboughtgloballyeachyear,makingthemoneoftheworld'smostsuccessfulindustrialfoods.17．.Putsimply,they'recheaptoproduceandbuy,whichwasexactlywhattheircreatorplanned.MomofukuAndo,aJapanesebusinessman,spentayearperfectingtherecipe(食谱)justafterWorldWarⅡ.HewantedtomakesomethingsimilartotraditionalJapanesenoodles,whileusingthewheatflour(面粉)giventoJapanasfoodaidbytheUSgovernment.18．Evenin2000—accordingtoasurvey—instantnoodleswerenamedJapan'smostsuccessfulinvention,aheadofhigh-speedtrains.Butit'snotjusttheJapanesewholoveinstantnoodles.China,Indonesia,VietnamandIndia—inthatorder—allatemoreinstantnoodlesthanJapanin2021.19．InThailand,forexample,youcangetgreencurryflavour,whileinMexicothenoodlesaregarnished(装饰)withlimeandsalsa.Anditseemsthatcustomershavegrowntoexpectnewthings.Nissin,thefoodcompanyfoundedbyAndo,createsover300productsyearly,justinJapan.20．Theirriseinpopularityhascomeatanenvironmentalcost—they'remadewithpalmoilandtheirpackagingisplastic.Andwhiletheyareahot,tastyandfillingmeal,instantnoodlesdon'thavemuchnutritional(营养的)value,andincludehighlevelsofsaltandfat.However,instantnoodlesareundoubtedlylifesaversinemergencyorextremesituations.Morethan60yearsaftertheirinvention,instantnoodleshavebecomethebestchoiceforanyoneshortonmoney,time,orevenakitchen.A.Buthowdidthishappen?B.Theyalleatinstantnoodles.C.Buthowdidtheymakeinstantnoodles?D.Instantnoodleshavetheirdisadvantages,too.E.ItisnosecretthatmanyAsiansloveeatinginstantnoodles.F.Hiscreationwasinstantlypopular,playingapartinJapan'spost-warrise.G.Instantnoodlesarepopular,partlybecausetheyareeasytoadapttolocaltastes.三、第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OurfamilymovedherefromChinatwoyearsago,andwe21．wewereprettywelladjusted(适应)toAmericanways.Thisyearmyparentsdecidedtogivea22．andinvitesomeofourAmericanfriends.Thepartywentprettywell.Ourguestswereamazedattheflavour(味道)ofallthespecialfoods."Ilovedthedishes.Youandthegirlsmusthave23．hoursdoingallthework!"Mrs.Blacksaidtomymother."Thegirls24．thecuttingandI'msorrytheydidsucha25．job,"saidMother.Iheardalittlegasp(倒吸气)frommyfriendKim.Shetoldmeshejustdidn't26．whymymothersaidso."Shedoesn'tmeanit!It'sjustthewayshetalks."Seeingherstillconfused27．,Iwentonexplaining,"Chineseparentsconsideritgoodmannerstodeny(否认)28．abouttheirchildren.Otherwise,itwouldbethesameasbragging(吹牛)."Kimnoddedslowly.ThatEaster,theBlacks29．ourfamilyfordinner.Mrs.Blackcookedahugeham.Mothersaid,"I'mnotsureifIcaneatonemorebite.Thatwasthe30．hamI'veevertasted!""Aw,thathamwasterrible,"saidKim."Ibetyoucoulddoalotbetter,Mrs.Yang."Therewasanawkward31．aroundthetable.Clearingmythroat,I32．asked,"Whatmadeyoutalklikethat?""Butyouweretheonewhotoldmethatsayingnicethingsaboutyourown33．wasthesameasbragging!"shesaid."Iwasjusttryingto34．modest(谦逊的)!"Welookedateachotherandeveryonestartedlaughing.Mrs.Blacksaid,"That'sallright.Weknowyoudidn't35．it!"21．A．answered B．imagined C．hoped D．thought22．A．lesson B．party C．hand D．word23．A．practised B．kept C．spent D．enjoyed24．A．helpedwith B．lookedafterC．caredabout D．centredon25．A．new B．difficult C．terrible D．common26．A．find B．guess C．understand D．explain27．A．question B．idea C．result D．look28．A．praises B．characters C．truths D．stories29．A．invited B．carried C．brought D．pushed30．A．fattest B．hardest C．strangest D．best31．A．discussion B．position C．silence D．conversation32．A．excitedly B．finally C．suddenly D．quickly33．A．friend B．family C．teacher D．classmate34．A．feel B．turn C．play D．act35．A．welcome B．mean C．make D．refuse四、第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Elephantsmaybeknownfortheirsizeand36．(strong),buttouristswhorideontheirbackscanstilldogreatharm.37．pictureprovidedbytheWildlifeFriendsFoundationinThailand(WFFT)describesPaiLin,a71-year-oldfemalewhosespine(脊柱)38．(become)outofshapeafter25yearsofworkinginthetourism,39．shewasforcedtocarryuptosixtouristsatatime.Thegroupsaid,"Thispressureonelephants'bodiescanworsenthetissue(组织)andbonesontheirback,40．(cause)seriousphysicaldamagetotheirspines."Elephant41．(ride)areapopulartouristactivityincountriesacrossSoutheastAsia,butactivistssaythepracticeisaformofanimalill-treatmentastheirbodiesarenotdesignedtoberidden.Theyalsosaymanyare42．(actual)workedtodeath."PaiLinwasgivenupbyherownerwhofeltthatshewastooslowandalwayspainful43．(work)wellanymore,"EdwinWiek,founderoftheWFFT,toldCNN.TomTaylor,thegroup'sprojectdirector,addedthatelephants'backswerenotdesignedtocarryheavyweight.Theirspinesgoupwards.Continuouspressureontheirbackbonesfromtouristscanresult44．foreverphysicaldamage—whichcan45．(see)inPaiLin.ThegroupwassharingPaiLin'sstorytoremindpeoplenevertorideelephants.五、第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分46．假定你是李华，你校英文报正在开展以"GreenTravel"为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.出行交通工具的现状描述；2.简单评论；3.你的建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。GreenTravelTherearemanywayswecanchoosefromtotraveltoandfromschool.六、第二节(满分25分47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwaslastsummerthatAnnareachedretirementageandleftthejobsheloved.ShespentmostofherworkinglifeteachingChineseinahighschool.Agoodteachermustknowhowtodealwithchildren.Shereceivedmanyhonours,includingoutstandingteachersinthetown.Herhusbandhadpassedawayearlierandherchildrenareallabroad.Shewasaloneguardingalargehouse,soherfriendsadvisedhertoenteralocalnursinghome.However,shelovedbeingaroundpeopleandwasusedtodealingwithyoungpeople.Fortunately,therestoodalibrarynearherhome,sosheoftenvisitedit.Thelibraryisbothaninvaluableresourceandabeautifulspace.Annaalwaysappreciatesthehelpfulstaffandbroadcollectionofbooks."Studyingfromhomegetslonely,sojusttobearoundotherpeopleisveryhelpful,"shetoldherfriends.However,shestillfeltthattherewasroomforenergyinherheartandalwaysthoughtaboutdoingsomethingmoremeaningful.Oneday,thesignonthelibrarian'sdeskread:"ReadersWantedforProjectReadAloud."Annalookedatitasthelibrarianhandedthebookthatshehadchosen."WhatisProjectReadAloud?"Annaasked,bursting(满怀)withcuriosity."Here'sthebrochureaboutit.There'saforminsidetofilloutifyouwanttobecomeareader.Thereisnopay,bytheway,"thelibrariansaidwithasmile.Shelovedtositinoneofthereadingchairsinthereadingroomwiththesmellofbooksallaroundherandloseherselfinabook.Oncehome,shesatdowntoreadthebrochure,whichsaid,"ProjectReadAloudaimstoprovidetheopportunityofhearingstoriesreadaloudinacomfortablesetting."Thatwasafinegoal,shethought.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Annafilledouttheform.Soon,theaudiencebegantowalkinandfindtheirseats.

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．B3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部对学生有益处的电影或者电视剧。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据LikeStarsonEarth部分中的"Heisan8-year-oldboywithdyslexia(阅读障碍)andthisgreatlyinfluenceshisperformanceinschool."他是一个8岁的男孩，患有阅读障碍，这极大地影响了他在学校的表现。可知，因为他有阅读障碍，影响了在学校的表现。故选A。2．考查细节理解。根据TheSocialNetwork部分中的"HebeginstoworkonanideawhichgrowsintoagloballyrecognizedsocialnetworkcalledFacebook.ThismakesMarkoneoftheyoungestbillionairesexisting."他开始研究一个想法，这个想法后来发展成为全球公认的社交网络Facebook。这使马克成为当今最年轻的亿万富翁之一。可知，MarkZuckerberg创办了Facebook。故选B。3．考查推理判断。根据KingofBoys2部分中的"KingofBoys2takesustotheunderworldofatrulydirtygamecalled‘politics'."《KingofBoys2》将带我们进入一个真正肮脏的游戏"政治"的地下世界。可知，《KingofBoys2》是与一场政治游戏有关。故选D。【答案】4．C5．C6．A7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国职业冲浪选手BethanyHamilton的生平经历，特别是她在13岁时被鲨鱼攻击失去左臂，却仍然坚持冲浪并获得了巨大成功。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"BethanyMeilaniHamiltonwasbornonFebruary8,1990,inLihue,Kauai,Hawaii."BethanyMeilaniHamilton于1990年2月8日出生在夏威夷考艾岛的利休；以及"Shebegancompetitivesurfingatage8,andbyage9shehadgotherfirstsponsorship"8岁时，她开始参加冲浪比赛，9岁时，她得到了第一个赞助。可知，她是1990年出生，8岁参加冲浪比赛即1998年。故选C。5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"BethanywentouttosurfatTunnelsBeachinHa'enawithherbestfriend,AlanaBlanchard,andBlanchard'sfatherandbrother."Bethany和她最好的朋友AlanaBlanchard以及其父亲和兄弟一起去哈埃纳的隧道海滩冲浪；以及"Whilelyingonherboard,Bethanysuddenlyfelthugepressureonherleftarmandwaspulledbackandforthforafewseconds.Feelingnopainatfirst,shenoticedthewateraroundherhadturnedred,andhershockedfriendfirstrealizedthatshewasattackedbyashark."躺在冲浪板上时，Bethany突然感到左臂受到了巨大的压力，她被前后拉了几秒钟。起初她没有感到疼痛，但她注意到周围的水变成了红色，她震惊的朋友首先意识到她被鲨鱼袭击了。可知，Alana是第一个发现Bethany被袭击的人。故选C。6．考查段落大意。根据第四段"Bethany'sstoryhasbeenturnedintomanybooks,includingafewwrittenbyherself.ShehasappearedonmanyTVshows,magazinearticlesandin2004wasnamedtheBestComebackAthleteandalsoreceivedtheCourageTeenChoiceAward."Bethany的故事已经被写成了许多书，包括她自己写的几本。她出现在许多电视节目和杂志文章中，在2004年被评为最佳复出运动员，并获得了勇气青少年选择奖。可知，本段讲述了Bethany的故事已经被写成了许多书，包括她自己写的几本。她出现在许多电视节目和杂志文章中，在2004年被评为最佳复出运动员，并获得了勇气青少年选择奖。这说明她非常的受欢迎。故选A。7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"OneofherbooksisnamedBeUnstoppable:TheArtofNeverGivingUpandhasguidedreaderstobebrave,enjoylifeandnevergiveup."她的一本书名为《不可阻挡：永不放弃的艺术》，指导读者勇敢，享受生活，永不放弃。可知，她的书能够指导人们变得勇敢，享受生活以及永不放弃。因此她是一个能够鼓舞人心的人。故选B。【答案】8．B9．C10．A11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，研究人员对德国著名作曲家贝多芬的DNA进行了检查，获得了他健康状况的新细节。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及研究的相关发现。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"ThefindingssuggestBeethoven'sliverproblemswereenoughtocausetheliverfailurewidelybelievedtohavekilledhim."研究结果表明，贝多芬的肝脏问题足以导致人们普遍认为导致他死亡的肝功能衰竭。可知，人们普遍认为贝多芬最后死亡的原因是肝功能衰竭。故选B。9．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"CollectingenoughgeneticmaterialswasdifficultbecauseDNAinhairgetscutupintoverysmallpieces.Butfinally,afterusingupalmost3metresofBeethoven'shair,theteamwasabletopiecetogetheragenomethattheycouldtestforsignsofgeneticdisease."收集足够的遗传物质是困难的，因为头发中的DNA被切成非常小的片段。但最终，在使用了贝多芬近3米长的头发后，研究小组拼凑出了一个基因组，他们可以测试遗传疾病的迹象。可知，科学家通过获得大量的遗传物质发现贝多芬健康状况的新细节。故选C。10．考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的"ThequestionofwhatcausedBeethoven'shearinglossremainsunanswered,saidOhioStateUniversity'sDr.AvrahamZ.Cooper."俄亥俄州立大学的亚伯拉罕·库珀博士说，贝多芬听力丧失的原因仍然没有答案。可知贝多芬听力丧失的原因仍然没有答案，即贝多芬听力丧失的原因成为了谜团。划线词enigma应该是"谜团，秘密"的意思。故选A。11．考查推理判断。根据第一段"ResearcherswhoexaminedDNAfromfamousGermanmusicianLudwigvanBeethovenhavelearnednewdetailsabouthishealth."研究人员检查了德国著名音乐家路德维希·凡·贝多芬的DNA，了解了他健康状况的新细节；结合文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及研究的相关发现。可以判断本文是一篇新闻报道。故选C。【答案】12．D13．A14．D15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，探究了美国气象灾害多的原因。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查推理判断。根据二段中的"Theydon'thavethesamekindofcrashofairmasses(气团碰撞)asmuchaswedointheUSthatisproducingalotoftheextremeweather."他们不像美国那样有大量的气团撞击，这导致了很多极端天气。可推知，美国有更多的极端天气。故选D。13．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"ThepatterninvolvesdryairfromthewesternUSmovingupovertheRockyMountains.There,itcrashesintowarm,wetterairfromtheGulfofMexico."这种模式涉及到来自美国西部的干燥空气向上移动到落基山脉上方。在那里，它与来自墨西哥湾的温暖潮湿的空气相撞。可知，干燥的空气来自美国西部。故选A。14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Whenatmosphericriversreachland,theyoftengiveoutthewatervapourintheformofrainorsnow."当大气河流到达陆地时，它们通常会以雨或雪的形式释放水蒸气。可知，大气层河流会带来强降水。故选D。15．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"TheUnitedStatesgetshitbysomeofthestrongestandmostdestructivestormsonEarth.Examplesofextremeweatherincludehurricanes,tornadoes,floodsanddroughts.Butthestormsthemselvesarenottheonlyproblem.Weatherexpertssayhumanchoicesaboutwhereandwhattobuildaremakingthesituationmuchworse.("美国遭受了地球上最强和最具破坏性的风暴袭击。极端天气的例子包括飓风、龙卷风、洪水和干旱。但风暴本身并不是唯一的问题。气象专家表示，人类对在哪里和建造什么建筑的选择使情况变得更糟；结合本文主要探究美国气象灾害多的原因，"为什么美国在天气灾害方面领先世界？"适合作本文标题，故选A。【答案】16．B；17．A；18．F；19．G；20．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了方便面的前世今生。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"WhatdoastudentinChina,anofficeworkerintheUKandanastronautinspaceallhaveincommon?"中国的学生、英国的上班族和太空中的宇航员有什么共同之处？提出了问题，这些人的共同点是什么；以及空后"Andthey'renotalone—over100billionservingsofinstantnoodles(方便面)areboughtgloballyeachyear,makingthemoneoftheworld'smostsuccessfulindustrialfoods."而且他们并不孤单——每年全球购买超过1000亿份方便面，使其成为世界上最成功的工业食品之一。可推断，此处说明这些人的共同之处是他们都会吃方便面，B.Theyalleatinstantnoodles."他们都吃方便面"符合语境，故选B。17．根据空前"Andthey'renotalone—over100billionservingsofinstantnoodles(方便面)areboughtgloballyeachyear,makingthemoneoftheworld'smostsuccessfulindustrialfoods."而且他们并不孤单——每年全球购买超过1000亿份方便面，使其成为世界上最成功的工业食品之一。说明全球方便面销量很大，结合下文介绍方便面的兴起和流行可知，空处承前启后，A.Buthowdidthishappen?"但是这是怎么发生的？"符合语境。故选A。18．根据空前"MomofukuAndo,aJapanesebusinessman,spentayearperfectingtherecipe(食谱)justafterWorldWarⅡ.HewantedtomakesomethingsimilartotraditionalJapanesenoodles,whileusingthewheatflour(面粉)giventoJapanasfoodaidbytheUSgovernment."本商人安藤百福(MomofukuAndo)在第二次世界大战后花了一年时间完善了这一配方。他想用美国政府作为粮食援助提供给日本的小麦粉制作类似日本传统面条的东西。介绍了MomofukuAndo的发明，F.Hiscreationwasinstantlypopular,playingapartinJapan'spost-warrise."他的作品立即受到欢迎，在日本战后的崛起中发挥了作用。"符合语境，故选F。19．根据空前"Butit'snotjusttheJapanesewholoveinstantnoodles.China,Indonesia,VietnamandIndia—inthatorder—allatemoreinstantnoodlesthanJapanin2021."但爱吃方便面的不只是日本人。2021年，中国、印尼、越南和印度的方便面消费量都超过了日本。说明全球各国人民都喜欢方便面；以及空后"InThailand,forexample,youcangetgreencurryflavour,whileinMexicothenoodlesaregarnished(装饰)withlimeandsalsa."例如，在泰国，你可以吃到绿咖喱味的面条，而在墨西哥，面条用酸橙和辣番茄酱装饰。举例说明方便面的不同吃法，G.Instantnoodlesarepopular,partlybecausetheyareeasytoadapttolocaltastes."方便面很受欢迎，部分原因是它们很容易适应当地的口味"符合语境，故选G。20．根据空后"Theirriseinpopularityhascomeatanenvironmentalcost—they'remadewithpalmoilandtheirpackagingisplastic.Andwhiletheyareahot,tastyandfillingmeal,instantnoodlesdon'thavemuchnutritional(营养的)value,andincludehighlevelsofsaltandfat."它们的流行是以环境为代价的——它们由棕榈油制成，包装是塑料的。虽然方便面是一种热的、美味的、饱腹的食物，但它没有太多的营养价值，而且含有高水平的盐和脂肪。讲述了方便面的弊端，D.Instantnoodleshavetheirdisadvantages,too."方便面也有缺点"符合语境，故选D。【答案】21．D；22．B；23．C；24．A；25．C；26．C；27．D；28．A；29．A；30．D；31．C；32．B；33．B；34．D；35．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一家两年前从中国搬到了美国，以为已经很好地适应了美国的生活方式。结果在派对上母亲否认客人对孩子的做法让客人无法理解，最后还闹了一出笑话。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：我们一家两年前从中国搬到这里，我们认为我们已经很好地适应了美国的生活方式。A.answered"回答"；B.imagined"想象"；C.hoped"希望"；D.thought"认为"。根据空后"wewereprettywelladjustedtoAmericanways"可知，作者认为他们已经很好地适应了美国的生活方式。故选D。22．句意：今年，我父母决定举办一个聚会，邀请我们的一些美国朋友。A.lesson"课程"；B.party"派对"；C.hand"手"；D.word"单词"。根据下文"Thepartywentprettywell."派对进行得很顺利。可知，作者父母决定举办聚会，故选B。23．句意："你和姑娘们一定花了好几个小时来做这些工作！"布莱克夫人对我母亲说。A.practised"练习"；B.kept"保持"；C.spent"花费"；D.enjoyed"欣赏"。根据空后"hoursdoingallthework"指花费时间做准备，故选C。24．句意："女孩们帮忙切菜，我很抱歉，她们做得太糟糕了，"妈妈说。A.helpedwith"帮助解决"；B.lookedafter"照顾"；C.caredabout"关心"；D.centredon"以……为中心"。根据空后"thecutting"可知，举办聚会，女孩们要帮忙切菜，故选A。25．句意："女孩们帮忙切菜，我很抱歉，她们做得太糟糕了，"妈妈说。A.new"新的"；B.difficult"困难的"；C.terrible"糟糕的"；D.common"共同的"。根据空前"I'msorrytheydidsucha"可知，妈妈自谦说女孩做得太糟糕了。故选C。26．句意：她告诉我，她只是不明白我妈妈为什么这么说。A.find"找到"；B.guess"猜测"；C.understand"理解"；D.explain"解释"。根据空后"whymymothersaidso"指朋友不明白为什么母亲要说女孩做的糟糕。故选C。27．句意：看到她仍然困惑的表情，我继续解释道："中国父母认为拒绝表扬孩子是一种礼貌。"A.question"问题"；B.idea"想法"；C.result"结果"；D.look"表情，样子"。根据空前"Seeingherstillconfused"指看到朋友困惑的表情。故选D。28．句意：看到她仍然困惑的表情，我继续解释道:"中国父母认为拒绝表扬孩子是一种礼貌。"A.praises"赞美"；B.characters"性格"；C.truths"真理"；D.stories"故事"。根据上文"Ourguestswereamazedattheflavour(味道)ofallthespecialfoods."我们的客人对所有特色食品的风味都感到惊奇。可知，客人表扬了孩子们为派对所付出的努力，故选A。29．句意：那个复活节，布莱克一家邀请我们全家共进晚餐。A.invited"邀请"；B.carried"搬运"；C.brought"带来"；D.pushed"推"。根据空后"ourfamilyfordinner"指布莱克一家邀请作者全家共进晚餐。故选A。30．句意：那是我吃过的最好吃的火腿！A.fattest"最快的"；B.hardest"最难得"；C.strangest"最奇怪的"；D.best"最好的"。根据上文"I'mnotsureifIcaneatonemorebite."可知，妈妈吃了很多火腿，说明很好吃，母亲赞美是吃