2025届河北省部分高中高三下学期综合素质评价一英语试题

2025届河北省部分高中高三下学期综合素质评价一英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解MotherEarthNewsistheoriginalguidetolivingwisely.Launchedin1970,eachbimonthlyissueofthemagazinefeaturespracticalandmoney-savinginformationoncuttingenergycosts;usingrenewableenergy;organicgardening;greenhomebuildingandremodeling;fundo-it-yourselfprojectsandself-sufficientlifestyles.Themagazineapproachesenvironmentalproblemsfromadown-to-earth,practical,simpleliving,how-tostandpoint.Becomeapreferredsubscriberandclaimyourbenefitstoday!MemberBenefitsInclude:➢Onlinevideolearninglibrary,featuring450+videoswithmoreaddedeverymonth➢Admissiontoallonlinevideoworkshops,includingexpertinterviewsandliveQ&.As➢AyearofMotherEarthNewsmagazine,backedby50+yearsoftrustedDIYguidance➢Bonusdigitalsubscription—accessnewissuesanywherelifetakesyou➢Everydaymemberdiscountsoneco-friendlyproductsintheMotherEarthNewsStore➢Nolimitationtoonlinecontent—membersgettoviewthenewarticlesandprojectideasbeforenon-memberscanMembershipprice:➢PrintMembership:$38peryear➢DigitalMembership:$18peryearDigitalmagazineversiononly(printedversionexcluded)SatisfactionGuarantee:IfyouarenotfullysatisfiedwithMotherEarthNews,simplycall800-234-3368oremailatCustomerService@.Wewillissueyouafullrefundonallunmailedissues(printedversiononly).Noquestionsasked.1．WhicharticleismostlikelytobeincludedinMotherEarthNews?A．MoralValuesmayShiftwithSeasonsB．BuildaWindGeneratorforHomebyYourselfC．StarryHorizons:TheFutureofSpaceExplorationD．MeltingPotofIdeas:CulturalIntegrationinthe21stCentury2．Whatistheaddedbonusformembers?A．Visitinglocallibrariesforfree. B．HostingaliveQ&Asession.C．Havingadiscountondigitalversion. D．Gettingearlieraccesstolatestarticles.3．Whatistherefundforthehalf-yearsubscriptioncancellation?A．$9. B．$18. C．$19. D．$38.WhenIboughtahouseinPortlandfouryearsago,Iimmediatelybegandesigningmydreamgarden,intendingtoremovetheweedsandplantsomevegetablesorlong-lastingflowers.Isoondiscovered,however,thatthesoilwasunproductive,clay-heavyandlitteredwithstones.Inprevious,muchtiniergardens,I’dfixitwithafewbagsofhigh-qualitysoilfromthenursery.Replacingthisvastlygreaterquantityofdirtwasneitherpracticalnorfinanciallypossible.Instead,Idecidedtoremediate(补救)whatIalreadyhad.Thechallengebeforemewastorevitalizethesoil.Twocoreprinciplesofmodernagriculturecanguidethisshift:minimizingsoildisturbanceandemphasizingbiodiversity.Inpractice,growingcropsbyturns,prioritizingorganicinputsoverchemicalfertilizers,integratingcrops,treesandlivestock,andshieldingsoilfrombeingwashedawaywithcovercrops,oftenwork.Itriedtoapplysuchmethodsinmygarden.Whereoncetherewasonlygrass,Icreatedapond,arockgarden,awildflowerfieldandraisedbedsforvegetables.Iletplantsgrowanddecomposebythemselvesinanaturalway.Ialsointroduceddifferentplantsandreviveditsecologicalcommunities.InMay,Idecidedtorelocateafloweringplant.AsIdugtheplantout,allmanneroflifeemerged.Earthwormsswungfromtheroots.Adaddylonglegshurriedforshelter.BelowtheplantIevennoticedthefinewhitelatticeofafungalmycelium.Runningmyfingersthroughthesoil,Iunderstood,moreclearlythaneverbefore,thatItransformedmuchmorethanmyyard—itcompletelychangedthewayIthinkaboutsoil.It’snotsimplyasamediumforlife,butasalivingentity(个体)initsownright.Althoughsciencestilllacksanagreeddefinitionoflife,textbookshighlightcriteriawidelyconsideredtodifferentiatethelivingandnonliving.Soilmeetsmanyofthem:Ithasahighlyorganizedstructure.Ithasacapacityforactiveself-preservation.Itgrows.Itbreathes.Anditcandie.4．Howdidtheauthorusetoimprovethesoil?A．Byaddingrichsoil. B．Bycoveringitwithbags.C．Byremovingtheweeds. D．Byapplyingchemicalfertilizer.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shielding”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Exposing. B．Separating. C．Sheltering. D．Monitoring.6．Whatisthepurposeofparagraph4?A．Toexplaintheprocessoftransplanting. B．Toillustratethepreventionofinsectattacks.C．Tostressthecompetitionofdifferentspecies. D．Tostatetheformationofmulti-speciescommunities.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheSoulofSoil B．TheVitalityoftheWildC．TheArtofGardening D．TheWhisperofFlowersOverseeingthedevelopmentofaliteraryculture,whichispartofacritic’sjob,isaprocessoffitsandstarts.Criticsplayaroleindeterminingwhichbookspublishedtodayshouldbelabeled“instantclassics”,whichbooksarebestdescribedas“little-known”andwhichbookspublishedinpastdecadesorcenturiesdeservere-examination.Beginningintheearly20thcentury,reissuescomplicatedthosecategories.Olderbookslike“TheDudAvocado”and“Stoner”—andeven“Moby-Dick”and“TheGreatGatsby”—becamemorefamousuponreprintingthantheyhadbeenwhenoriginallypublished.Thecanon(文学经典)itselfisinaconstant,ongoingprocessofbeingshapedbybookloverswhoareoftenindisagreementnotonlyaboutwhatqualifiesasliteraturebutalsoaboutthepurposeofreadingliterature.Areissue,moreoftenthannotpublishedaftertheauthorisdead,rebalancesthepurposeofliteratureawayfromwriterintentandmoretowardreaderintent.Earlylastyear,thesmallmagazinen+1restatedalongstandingpolicy:Nodeadpeople.Readingworkfromdeadauthorsmaybeunavoidable,butasliterarycriticstaskedwithcreatingandshapingtheconversation,writingaboutdeadpeoplewasconsideredunacceptable—becauseitwasunfairtoexpectthatcontemporarywriters,alreadystrugglingtosecureattentionfortheirwork,competewithdeadwriters.Weneed,n+1argued,to“refocusthepublic’sattentionontheunder-readworkoftheliving.”It’struethattheliteraryworld—perhapseggedonbyeditors,publishersandcriticsalike—frequentlytalksaboutrevivingunjustlyignoredvoicesfromthedepthsofhistory,tryingtoensuretheyarerescuedfrombeingforgotten.Wedon’treissuetheworkofdeadauthorsinordertodorightbythem,butbecausetheirworkisapieceofhistory.Weneedtounderstandliteratureinitsownrightandasanexpressionofitsowntimeandcontext,evenifthatcontextishorrifyingoruninvitingorproblematic.Readingwell—andwritinggoodcriticism—bringsasenseofwondertohistory,anddespitetheemotionalinfluencesthatmaysometimesinspirereissues,theyuniquelyconnectustothepast,whichwillalwaysbeimportant.8．Whatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningtheolderbooksinparagraph1?A．Reissuesmakesortingharder. B．Reissuesneverboostpopularity.C．Neweditionsshowmorechanges. D．Criticsshouldrecategorizereissues.9．Whatcanwesayaboutareissuefromparagraph2?A．Itismadetoaconsistentstandard. B．Itcausesdisagreementsamongreaders.C．Itbreatheslifeintoforgottenliteraryworks. D．Itshiftstheliteraryfocustowardreaders’needs.10．Whateffectdidn+1expectfromitspolicy?A．Inspiringlivingwriterstolearnfromdeadwriters. B．Bridgingthedividebetweencriticsandwriters.C．Makingmorelivingwriters’voicesheard. D．Makingcriticslesshardonlivingwriters.11．Howdoestheauthorlookatreissuingdeadauthors’works?A．Awaytocorrectpastinjusticesagainstauthors. B．Amethodtocelebrateauthors’contributions.C．Ameanstoobtaininsightsintothehistory. D．Astrategytomaintainliterarytraditions.AtechnologywithrootsgoingbacktotheBronzeAgemayofferafastandinexpensiveapproachtohelpingachievetheUnitedNationsclimategoalofnetzeroemissionsby2050,accordingtorecentStanford-ledresearch.Thetechnologyinvolvesfittingheat-absorbingbricksinaninsulated(隔热的)container,wheretheycanstoreheatgeneratedbysolarorwindpowerforlateruseinindustrialprocesses.Theheatcanthenbereleasedwhenneededbypassingairthroughchannelsinthepilesof“firebricks”,thusallowingcement,steel,glass,andpaperfactoriestorunonrenewableenergyevenwhenwindandsunshineareunavailable.Thesesystemsareaformofthermalenergy(热能)storage.Thebricksaremadefromthesamematerialsasthebricksthatlinedprimitivekilns(窑)thousandsofyearsago.Batteriescanstoreelectricityandprovideittogenerateheatondemand.“Thedifferencesbetweenfirebrickstorageandbatterystoragearethatthefirebricksstoreheatratherthanelectricityandthattheircostisone-tenththecostofbatteries,”saidleadstudyauthorMarkZ.Jacobson,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity.“Thematerialsarebasicallyjustthecomponentsofdirt.”Theresearchersadoptedcomputermodelstocomparecosts,landneeds,healthimpacts,andemissionsinvolvedintwoscenariosforanimaginedfuturewhere149countriesin2050areusingrenewablesourcesforallenergypurposes.Inonescenario,firebricksprovide90%ofindustrialprocessheat.Intheother,there’szeroadoptionoffirebricksorotherformsofthermalenergystorage.Theresearchersfoundthescenariowithfirebrickscouldcutcostsby$1.27trillionacrossthe149countries,whilereducingthedemandforelectricalenergyandenergystoragecapacityfrombatteries.Jacobson’sfocusonfirebricksisrelativelynew,inspiredbyadesiretoidentifyeffectivesolutionsthatcouldbeadoptedquickly.“HereIcanseeasubstantialbenefitsatlowcostfrommultipleangles,fromhelpingreduceairpollutiondeathstomakingiteasiertoturntheworldtocleanenergy,”hesaid.12．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Howfirebrickstoragetechnologyworks. B．Howfirebricksareproducedsustainably.C．Whatthermalenergymeansscientifically. D．Whatthermalenergystorageisusedtodo.13．Whatadvantagesdofirebrickhaveoverbattery?A．Firebrickcanstoreheatandcostless. B．Firebrickcangeneratemoreelectricity.C．Firebrickcanprovideheatmorequickly. D．Firebrickismadeofmoreadvancedmaterials.14．Whyarethecomputermodelsadopted?A．Totestthedurabilityoffirebricks. B．Tocutthecostsoffirebricks.C．Toexploretheeffectivenessoffirebricks. D．Totestenergystoragecapacityoffirebricks.15．Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Theusageoffirebrickscanreplacebatteries.B．Embracingrenewableelectricitybecomespossible.C．Innovativesystemsturnheatintoelectricitycheaply.D．Anoldtechnologycanaidtheswitchtocleanenergy.Socrates,therenownedancientGreekphilosopher,famouslystated,“Theunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving.”16Hebelievedtruewisdomandpersonalgrowthcouldn’tbeachievedinanunexaminedlife.TheSocraticMethod,namedafterSocrateshimself,isaformofcooperativedialoguewhereoneasksaseriesofopen-endedquestionstoguideanothertowardinsightandunderstanding.Forexample,imagineateacherdiscussingmoralitieswithstudents.Theteachermaynotexplainwhatis“right”or“wrong”.17Andfollowupwithquestionslike,“Whydoweconsidersomeactionsfairandothersunfair?”Throughthisquestioning,studentsareledtothinkmorecriticallyandexaminetheirownvaluesandassumptionsratherthanjustacceptingthepredeterminedanswers.18Whenyouaskyourself,forinstance,“Whydoyoubelievethis?”or“Whatevidencesupportsyourthinking?”,youareencouragedtoconsiderwhetheryourbeliefsaretrulyyourownorinfluencedbyexternalfactors.Thisprocessofquestioningleadstoself-reflection,helpingindividualsbetterunderstandtheunderlyingmotivationsbehindtheirthoughtsandactions.Self-reflectionislikehittingthepausebuttononlife.19Anditalsolookscloselyatyourownthoughts,feelings,andexperiences.Anunexaminedlife,however,isonewherepeoplegothroughthemotionswithouteverquestioning.Livinganunexaminedlifeissimilartocoastingonautomaticpilot,whereonesimplyacceptssocialstandardswithoutcriticallyevaluatingthem.Inthiskindoflife,you’resweptalongbysociety’sexpectations.20Itseemsasifyou’relivingsomeoneelse’sscriptwithouteverwritingyourown.A．Itgivesyouamomenttostepback.B．Youarebarelyawareofyourowndesires.C．Sotheycanfollowa“right”or“fair”action.D．Youarealwaysstuckinyourownceaselesswork.E．TheSocraticMethodisapowerfultoolforself-examination.F．Instead,heorshemightask“Whatdoesitmeantoactmorally?”G．Thispowerfuldeclarationservesasacalltodigdeeperintoone’sownthoughts.二、完形填空HavinggrownupinnorthernArizonawiththeimmortalGrandCanyonandtheironredplateausofSedonainmybackyard,Iamcomfortably21inmyclaimthatthesouthwesternstateishometothemostbeautifullandscapesontheplanet.Thusfar,noforeignlandscapeshad22.Thatis,untilIwasinvitedto23GuizhouProvincebytheChinaStorytellerPartnershipsTour.HadsomeonedescribedhowbeautifulGuizhoucanbeinpoetic24,theywouldnothavedoneit25.Thereisno26forseeingwithone’sowneyes.Iwillattempttodosohere.DuringmytriparoundthecityofXingyi,inGuizhou,IsawtheartworksoftheBouyeiethnicgroup.Theyusedyesproducedfromlocalplantstomakeclothingof27bluesandgreens.Localeldersstillpracticeweavingwithwoodenmachinesandpassthat28ontotheirgrandchildren.Thehistoryhereis29,andonecouldreachoutandtouchit,andevenbreatheit.Mymotherlovedto30ourhomewithpaintings,jewelryandpottery,carefullymadebythehandsoftheHopi.Thedesignswereancient,andcarriedwisdomwithinthem.TheEarthisourhome,andwecelebrateits31.Icaughtthatsamefeelingwhile32theartondisplayinXingyi.I’velivedawayfromArizonafor10longyears,33myowncareerinChina.I’vemanagedtobuildmyselfafamily,acareer,alivelihood,andvarious34projectsabouttheartworksIfancy.Ifeel35IhaveeverythingthatIneed.Foramoment,inGuizhou,Ifelthome.21．A．favorable B．honored C．confident D．prejudiced22．A．comeacross B．comeclose C．cometrue D．comeout23．A．introduce B．discover C．appear D．explore24．A．detail B．peace C．person D．advance25．A．conventionally B．awfully C．fairly D．obviously26．A．substitute B．determination C．experience D．satisfaction27．A．featureless B．striking C．comfortable D．convenient28．A．effort B．burden C．advantage D．tradition29．A．fashionable B．capable C．touchable D．global30．A．decorate B．signal C．sign D．identify31．A．sights B．wonders C．achievements D．contributions32．A．tearing B．pointing C．appreciating D．working33．A．creating B．deciding C．satisfying D．abandoning34．A．organization B．efficiency C．instruction D．passion35．A．whatif B．asthough C．aslongas D．incase三、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Tongsui,whichmeans“sugarwater”inCantonese,referstoChinesesweetsoupsordessertsenjoyedinsouthernChina.Overly36(sugar)asitmaysound,tongsuiisnosyrupbog(沼泽)butalightlysweetenedsoupcelebrated37itsnutrition—anextensionofthetraditionalChinesemedicinebeliefthatallfoodismedicinalandcanhelpbringyourbodyintobetterbalanceandhealth.Tongsuiiscommonlyavarietyofcomplicateddishes38featuremultipleingredientsasvariedaspapaya(木瓜)andbird’snest(燕窝),butitistheseacoconut,inparticular,thatrequiresamother’slovetomakeittothetable.First,fewmarketstalls(摊位)sellfreshfruit,asit39(sour)quicklyinthetropicalheat,sokeepingthefruitfreshhasalreadybeenenergy-consuming.Then,thefruit’sbrownshellhastobepainstakinglypeeledofftorevealitsglistening,milkywhiteflesh.40(interesting),theseacoconutI’vebeentalkingaboutsofarisnottrueseacoconut,and41everyAsianrestaurantmenuandeverycannedfruitlabelclaimsisnottrue,either.Itisactuallythefruitofthetoddypalm(糖棕树).Thetrueseacoconutis42protectedspecies,anditsexportisstrictlycontrolled,witheachfruit43(bear)agovernment-issuedserialtag(序列标签).Once44(believe)togrowfromamythical(神话的)treeonthebottomofthesea,seacoconutshellsweredecoratedwithpricelessgems(宝石)byEuropean45(noble)inthe16thcentury.四、书信写作46．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom对人工智能很感兴趣，他在邮件中询问你关于最近在全球引发热议的DeepSeek相关情况。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.DeepSeek的基本信息(如它是什么，主要特点等)；2.它在全球引发热议的原因；3.你对DeepSeek未来发展的看法。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasseven,mysisterLucy,whowasfour,andIwereeagertobeindependentandearnsomemoneytoshowourparentsthatwewerecapablebeyondouryears.TheonlyideaIcouldcomeupwithwastoofferourservicesasgardeners,goingdoortodoortoproposeweedingneighbors’gardensfor2dollarseach.Ourproposalwasfair,yetunexpectedly,onlyMrs.White,livingthreeblocksfromourhouse,acceptedtheoffer.Maybethatwasbecausenoonewouldtakechildren’swordsseriously.Weagreedontheweedingat8:00thenextmorning.Havingthefirstclient,LucyandIcouldn’tcontainourselvesandfeltasifwehadachievedamonumentaltask,heartsswellingwithpride.Weweregoingtobegardeners!Buttheexcitementofthemomentwasfleeting,andthenextday,theattractionofplayandtheforgetfulnessofchildhoodovertookus.Weforgotaboutourcommitment.Concernedaboutourabsence,Mrs.Whitecontactedourmother.Aswewalkedintothekitchenthroughthebackdoorat11:00a.m.,Momhadjusthungupthephone.Sheaskedaboutourlittlegardeningbusiness.Surprisingly,shewasn’tangry,instead,shefoundourinitiativeamusing.SheexplainedthatMrs.Whitehadcalledher,expressingdisappointmentoverourbrokenpromise.Facedwiththemistake,weadmittedouroversightandpromisedtomakeasincereapologysometime.Insteadofcriticizingus,Mombusiedherselfwithlunchpreparationsasifnothinghadhappened.Wedidfeelatouchofguilt,butitwasquicklyovershadowedbywhatMomsaidnext.Aswemouthedonsandwiches,Momcasuallyasked,“WouldyouwasliketogotoDisneylandthisafternoon?”Wesprangintoaction,bathinganddressing,whichwaslikegettingreadyforabirthdayparty.Werushedoutside,notwantingtomissthebusthatwouldtakeusdowntown.Thesunwashighintheskyaswestoodoutside,ourbagspackedandheartsfullofanticipation.注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Onthelanding,Momsaid,“Girls,wearenotgoingtoDisneylandtoday.”____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WeknockedgentlyonMrs.White’sdoor,headsdownandheartsheavy.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________《2025届河北省部分高中高三下学期综合素质评价一英语试题》参考答案题号12345678910答案BDCACDAADC题号11121314151617181920答案CAACDGFEAB题号21222324252627282930答案CBDACABDCA题号3132333435答案BCADB1．B2．D3．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了《MotherEarthNews》杂志的内容定位、会员权益及退订政策等信息。1．细节理解题。根据文章中提到的“Launchedin1970,eachbimonthlyissueofthemagazinefeaturespracticalandmoney-savinginformationoncuttingenergycosts;usingrenewableenergy;organicgardening;greenhomebuildingandremodeling;fundo-it-yourselfprojectsandself-sufficientlifestyles.(该杂志于1970年创刊，每期双月刊以实用和省钱的资讯为特色，探讨如何削减能源成本；使用可再生能源；有机园艺;绿色住宅建设与改造；有趣的自己动手的项目和自给自足的生活方式)”可推知，杂志主要涉及自给自足和环保意识相关的内容。选项B符合这些主题。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据文章中“Nolimitationtoonlinecontent—membersgettoviewthenewarticlesandprojectideasbeforenon-memberscan(对在线内容没有限制-会员可以在非会员之前查看新文章和项目创意)”可推知，会员福利之一就是比非会员更早获得最新的文章。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据文章中“Membershipprice:➢PrintMembership:$38peryear(会员价格：印刷版会员每年38美元)并且在退款保证中说明“Wewillissueyouafullrefundonallunmailedissues(printedversiononly).(我们将对所有未邮寄的期刊进行全额退款)”可知，如果在半年的时候取消订阅未邮寄的月份，则为19美元。故选C。4．A5．C6．D7．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者四年前在波特兰买房后打理花园，面对贫瘠土壤，采用现代农业方法改良，最终对土壤有全新认知的过程。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Inprevious,muchtiniergardens,I’dfixitwithafewbagsofhigh-qualitysoilfromthenursery.(以前，在那些小得多的花园里，我会用从苗圃买来的几袋优质土壤来改良土壤)”可知，作者过去是通过添加优质土壤来改善土壤的，也就是添加肥沃的土壤。故选A项。5．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Twocoreprinciplesofmodernagriculturecanguidethisshift:minimizingsoildisturbanceandemphasizingbiodiversity.Inpractice,growingcropsbyturns,prioritizingorganicinputsoverchemicalfertilizers,integratingcrops,treesandlivestock(现代农业的两个核心原则可以指导这一转变：尽量减少土壤扰动和强调生物多样性。在实践中，轮流种植作物；优先使用有机肥料而非化肥；将农作物、树木以及家畜进行整合)”和划线词后面“…soilfrombeingwashedawaywithcovercrops(用覆盖作物来……土壤被冲走)”可知，这里说的是一些现代农业的原则及实践方法，提到用覆盖作物来防止土壤被冲走，划线词在此处应是“保护、防护”的意思，与“Sheltering”意思相近。故选C项。6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“InMay,Idecidedtorelocateafloweringplant.AsIdugtheplantout,allmanneroflifeemerged.Earthwormsswungfromtheroots.Adaddylonglegshurriedforshelter.BelowtheplantIevennoticedthefinewhitelatticeofafungalmycelium.(五月的时候，我决定移栽一株开花植物。当我把这株植物挖出来时，各种各样的生物都冒了出来。蚯蚓在根部扭动着，一只长脚蜘蛛匆匆寻找藏身之处。在这株植物的下方，我甚至还看到了真菌菌丝体那细密的白色网状结构)”可知，本段描述了作者在移栽开花植物时，看到了蚯蚓、长脚蜘蛛以及真菌菌丝体等各种各样的生物出现，展现了多种生物共存的情况，目的是说明形成了多物种的群落。故选D项。7．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Thechallengebeforemewastorevitalizethesoil.(摆在我面前的挑战是重振土壤)”和最后一段“Runningmyfingersthroughthesoil,Iunderstood,moreclearlythaneverbefore,thatItransformedmuchmorethanmyyard—itcompletelychangedthewayIthinkaboutsoil.It’snotsimplyasamediumforlife,butasalivingentity(个体)initsownright.(我用手指穿过土壤，比以往任何时候都更清楚地意识到，我改变的不仅仅是我的院子——它完全改变了我对土壤的看法。它不仅仅是作为生命的媒介，而且本身就是一个有生命的实体)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者打理花园改造土壤的过程，通过实践对土壤有了新的认识，认为土壤不仅仅是生命的介质，它本身就是一个有生命的个体，强调了土壤的重要性及独特“生命力”，因此，A选项“土壤的灵魂”作为标题最为合适，能够概括文章的主旨。故选A项。8．A9．D10．C11．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了监督文学文化的发展。评论家们在决定今天出版的哪些书应该被贴上“即时经典”的标签，哪些书最适合被描述为“鲜为人知”，哪些书在过去几十年或几个世纪里出版，值得重新审视。8．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Beginningintheearly20thcentury,reissuescomplicatedthosecategories.Olderbookslike“TheDudAvocado”and“Stoner”—andeven“Moby-Dick”and“TheGreatGatsby”—becamemorefamousuponreprintingthantheyhadbeenwhenoriginallypublished.(从20世纪初开始，重新发行使这些分类变得复杂。像《烂鳄梨》和《斯通纳》这样的老书，甚至《白鲸》和《了不起的盖茨比》，在重印后比最初出版时更出名。)”可知，作者提到老书在重新分类发行后更出名，是为了说明重新发行会加大分类难度。故选A项。9．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Areissue,moreoftenthannotpublishedaftertheauthorisdead,rebalancesthepurposeofliteratureawayfromwriterintentandmoretowardreaderintent.(重新发行往往是在作者死后才出版，它重新平衡了文学的目的，使其远离作者的意图，更倾向于读者的意图。)”可知，重新发行把文学的焦点转向了读者的需要。故选D项。10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Earlylastyear,thesmallmagazine n+1 restatedalongstandingpolicy:Nodeadpeople.(去年年初，小型杂志《n+1》重申了一项长期政策：不接受死人。)”和“Weneed,n+1argued,to“refocusthepublic’sattentionontheunder-readworkoftheliving.”(《n+1》认为，我们需要“把公众的注意力重新集中到那些被忽视的活着的人的作品上”。)”可知，《n+1》期望从其政策中让更多在世作家的声音被听到。故选C项。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wedon’treissuetheworkofdeadauthorsinordertodorightbythem,butbecausetheirworkisapieceofhistory.(我们重新发行已故作者的作品不是为了对他们做正确的事，而是因为他们的作品是一段历史。)”可知，作者认为重新发行已故作者的作品意味着获得对历史的洞察。故选C项。【点睛】12．A13．A14．C15．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了古老火砖技术如何通过储存热能，帮助实现工业过程的可再生能源使用，从而助力全球净零排放目标的实现。12．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thetechnologyinvolvesfittingheat-absorbingbricksinaninsulated(隔热的)container,wheretheycanstoreheatgeneratedbysolarorwindpowerforlateruseinindustrialprocesses.Theheatcanthenbereleasedwhenneededbypassingairthroughchannelsinthepilesof“firebricks”,thusallowingcement,steel,glass,andpaperfactoriestorunonrenewableenergyevenwhenwindandsunshineareunavailable.Thesesystemsareaformofthermalenergy(热能)storage.(这项技术涉及在隔热容器中安装吸热砖，这些砖可以储存由太阳能或风能产生的热量，以便在工业过程中后续使用。当需要时，可以通过在“耐火砖”堆中的通道通过空气来释放热量，从而使水泥、钢铁、玻璃和造纸厂能够在没有风和阳光的情况下依然依靠可再生能源运行。这些系统是热能存储的一种形式)”可知，本段详细说明了耐火砖储能技术是将吸热砖组装在隔热容器中，用来储存太阳能或风能产生的热量以便之后使用等内容，即这项技术的工作原理。故选A项。13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Thedifferencesbetweenfirebrickstorageandbatterystoragearethatthefirebricksstoreheatratherthanelectricityandthattheircostisone-tenththecostofbatteries,”saidleadstudyauthorMarkZ.Jacobson,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity.(“耐火砖存储与电池存储的区别在于，耐火砖储存的是热量而不是电力，并且其成本仅为电池的十分之一，”该研究的主要作者、斯坦福大学的教授马克·雅各布森说道)”可知，耐火砖储能与电池储能的差异在于耐火砖储存热量而非电力，且成本是电池的十分之一。故选A项。14．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Theresearchersfoundthescenariowithfirebrickscouldcutcostsby$1.27trillionacrossthe149countries,whilereducingthedemandforelectricalenergyandenergystoragecapacityfrombatteries.(研究人员发现，使用耐火砖的场景可以在这149个国家中削减1.27万亿美元的成本，同时减少对电能的需求以及来自电池的储能容量需求)”可知，研究者用模型对比两种未来可再生能源场景，涉及耐火砖在其中的作用及优势，故推知，采用计算机模型是为了探索耐火砖的有效性。故选C项。15．主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第一段“AtechnologywithrootsgoingbacktotheBronzeAgemayofferafastandinexpensiveapproachtohelpingachievetheUnitedNationsclimategoalofnetzeroemissionsby2050,accordingtorecentStanford-ledresearch.(根据最近由斯坦福大学主导的研究，一种可以追溯到青铜时代的科技可能提供了一种快速且成本低廉的方法来帮助实现联合国2050年净零排放的气候目标)”可知，文章主要介绍了一种可追溯到青铜时代的耐火砖储能技术，该技术有助于实现联合国净零排放目标，即能够助力向清洁能源的转变。因此，选项D“一项古老的技术可以帮助转向清洁能源”作为标题最为合适。故选D项。16．G17．F18．E19．A20．B【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以苏格拉底的名言“未经审视的生活是不值得过的”为切入点，介绍了苏格拉底方法，并阐述了自我反思的重要性以及未经审视的生活的弊端。16．上文“Socrates,therenownedancientGreekphilosopher,famouslystated,‘Theunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving.’(著名的古希腊哲学家苏格拉底有句名言：‘未经审视的生活是不值得过的’)”引出了苏格拉底的这句名言。G选项“Thispowerfuldeclarationservesasacalltodigdeeperintoone’sownthoughts.(这句有力的宣言呼吁人们更深入地挖掘自己的思想)”对这句名言进行了进一步解读，说明其