培优练(二十五)　2025福建省高三毕业班适应性考试含答案

培优练(二十五)2025福建省高三毕业班适应性考试40分钟Ⅰ.阅读理解ManyofthetopmuseumsandculturalattractionsinL.A.areyourbestchoicesifyouvisitLosAngeles.Fromancientartifactstomodernart,readonforourguideinLosAngeles.MuseumofLatinAmericanArt:Foundedin1996,itistheonlyartmuseumintheUnitedStatesdevotedtomodernandcontemporaryLatinAmericanart.Sinceitsbeginning,ithasdoubleditssize,addeda15，000－square－footsculpturegardenandexpandeditspermanentcollection,rangingfromworksbyTamayoandMattatoCruz－Diez,LosCarpinterosandTunga.FreeadmissioneverySunday.AutryMuseumoftheAmericanWest:LocatedinGriffithPark,theAutryfeaturesworld－classgalleriesfilledwithNativeAmericanartandartifacts,filmmemorabilia,historicfirearmsandmore.TheAutry’scollectionofmorethan500，000piecesofartandartifactsincludestheSouthwestMuseumoftheAmericanIndianCollection,oneofthelargestandmostsignificantcollectionsofNativeAmericanmaterialsinthecountry.FreeadmissiononthesecondTuesdayofeverymonth.DescansoGardens:LocatedinLaCañadaFlintridge,the160－acreDescansoGardenswasoriginallydevelopedin1936byEliasManchesterBoddy,whosenumerousinterestsincludedhorticultureandpolitics.DescansoGardensoffersnumerousareasforexploring，includingaJapaneseteagarden,water－wisegarden，OakWoodland,CaliforniaGarden,andtheworld’slargestcollectionofcamelliaflowers.FreeadmissiononthethirdTuesdayofeverymonth.KidspaceChildren’sMuseum:Foundedin1979bymembersoftheCaltechcommunityandJuniorLeagueofPasadena,themuseumdevelopsthepotentialofallkidsthroughkid－drivenexperiences,inspiringthemtobecomejoyful,activelearners.AdmissiontothemuseumisfreeonFirstFridays.【语篇解读】本文是应用文，介绍了洛杉矶三个值得参观的博物馆和一个花园。1.WhatisspecialaboutMuseumofLatinAmericanArt?A.Ithasaverylonghistory.B.Ithasbeencontinuouslyenlarged.C.ItownsNativeAmericanartifacts.D.Itoffersawiderangeofexploration.答案B[细节理解题。根据第二段的“Sinceitsbeginning...LosCarpinterosandTunga”可知，拉丁美洲艺术博物馆自成立以来便不断扩大。]2.Whichofthefollowinghelpstopromoteinitiative?A.MuseumofLatinAmericanArt.B.AutryMuseumoftheAmericanWest.C.DescansoGardens.D.KidspaceChildren’sMuseum.答案D[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“themuseumdevelopsthepotential...activelearners”可知，儿童空间博物馆通过以儿童为主导的体验开发所有孩子的潜力，鼓励他们成为快乐的、积极的学习者。据此可知，儿童空间博物馆促进了孩子们的潜力开发，并鼓励他们成为积极、快乐的学习者。]3.Whatdothemuseumsandthegardenshaveincommon?A.Theytakeuplargeareas.B.Theyhavediversecultures.C.Theycollectartworkspermanently.D.Theyofferfreeadmissionregularly.答案D[细节理解题。通读全文可知，每个介绍的最后一句都说明了定期免费入场的信息，据此可知，这四个地点的共同之处是可以定期免费入场。]Gutiérrez’slifewouldneverbethesameagainafterfindingacopyofAnnaKareninabyLeoTolstoyinthegarbage20yearsago.Ithappenedwhilehewasdrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighbourhoodsatnightandseeingabandonedbooks.Itarousedhisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthegarbage.Heusedtotakehomebetween50and60bookseverymorning.Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoacommunitylibraryforchildrenfromlow－incomefamilies.Colombia’scapitalcityofBogotáhas19publiclibraries.However,theselibrariestendtobefarawayfromwhereruralandpoorercommunitieslive.Theoptionofbuyingnewbooksisnon－existentforfamiliesstrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Gutiérrez’scommunitylibraryisatruerepresentationofhowoneman’sgarbagecanbeanother’streasure.Gutiérrezgrewuppoor,andhisfamilycouldnotaffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool.Nevertheless,hismotherwasapassionatereaderandreadstoriestohimeverynight.HerloveforbooksleftadeepimpressiononGutiérrez.Today,hismakeshiftcommunitylibrary，called“TheStrengthofWords”，occupiesmostofhishomeinsouthernBogotá，andispiledfromfloortoceilingwithfictionandnon－fictiontitles.Everythingfromschooltextbookstostorybookscanbefoundinhiscollectionofmorethan20，000books!Asthewordbegantospreadabouthisamazingproject,peoplebegansendinghimmanymorebookstogrowhislibrary.Despitehavingdonesomuchforhiscommunity,Gutiérrezisnotyetcontenttocallitaday.Hecontinuestosearchthroughgarbagecansforreadingmaterials.Today,theGutiérrezfamilydoesnotmerelywanttostartlibrariesinneighbourhoods.Theywanttocreatespacesforschoolchildrentospendtheirtimereading.Gutiérrez’sjourneytogivebacktohislocalcommunityisanamazingexampleofhoweveryoneofuscanimprovethelivesofthosearoundus.HowmightwetakealeafoutofGutiérrez’sbookandimpactthelessfortunatearoundus?【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。Gutiérrez在富人区的垃圾堆里偶然发现了一本被丢弃的列夫·托尔斯泰的《安娜·卡列尼娜》，这使他有了从垃圾堆捡书、为低收入家庭的孩子建立图书馆的想法。他得到了社会的支持并成功创办了社区图书馆。4.WhatinspiredGutiérreztorescueunwantedbooks？A.TheabandonedAnnaKarenina.B.LeoTolstoy’slife.C.Children’slivingconditions.D.Acommunitylibrary.答案A[细节理解题。根据第一段的“Gutiérrez’slifewould...20yearsago”和“Itarousedhisdesire...fromthegarbage”可知，Gutiérrez在垃圾堆里发现了列夫·托尔斯泰的《安娜·卡列尼娜》，这使他有了从垃圾堆里捡书的想法。被丢弃的《安娜·卡列尼娜》启发他搜集人们不需要的书。]5.WhydidGutiérrezstart“TheStrengthofWords”？A.Tocreateaharmoniousneighbourhood.B.Togivehismothersufficientbooks.C.Tofacilitatechildren’sreading.D.Toimprovethecommunitylife.答案C[细节理解题。根据第二段的“Colombia’scapitalcity...makeendsmeet”可知，虽然哥伦比亚的首都波哥大有19座公共图书馆，但这些图书馆远离农村和贫困社区；那些努力维持生计的家庭几乎没有买新书的。再结合第四段内容可知，他创立“文字的力量”图书馆是为了方便贫困孩子阅读。]6.WhatcanbestdescribeGutiérrez?A.Devotedandtalented.B.Intelligentandgenerous.C.Passionateandwell－educated.D.Creativeandcaring.答案D[推理判断题。通读第一段可知，Gutiérrez偶然在富人区的垃圾堆里捡到一本《安娜·卡列尼娜》，这使他有了搜集废旧书籍建立图书馆供贫困孩子阅读的想法；结合第五、六段内容可知，他成功地建立了“文字的力量”图书馆，为贫困孩子提供了免费的阅读场所，据此可以推知，他是一位有创造力并乐于助人的人。]7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DesireforReadingB.FromGarbagetoTreasureC.Gutiérrez’sKindnessD.AnAmazingModelofEducation答案B[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要描述了Gutiérrez将别人扔掉的书籍收集起来建立图书馆的故事，说明一个人的垃圾可能是另一个人的财富。故B项最适合作为本文标题。]You’veheardanoldChinesesayingbefore:Giveamanafishandyoufeedhimforaday;teachamantofishandyoufeedhimforalifetime.Youmayevenbenoddingyourheadinagreementrightnow.However,wecanhaveadifferentunderstandingofit.Whenapersonisstarving,that’snotthetimetofillhisheadwithknowledgebuttofirstgivethepersonafish—eradicatinghishunger—andonlythenteachhimtofish.Fartoooften,peopleignorethiscommon－sensefirststep.Theyseesomeonewhoisstruggling，andtheyrushtoofferwisdom.“LetmetellyouwhatI’ddoinyourposition，”awell－meaningindividualmightoffer.Butfewofusunderstandtheanxiety,confusionanduncertaintythatcomewithoverwhelmingneed.Peoplemeetingwithpersonaldisastersdon’thavetheabilitytothinkstraight.Theirnervesmaybeshot.Theirconfidencemaybenon－existent.Canyouimaginewhatitwouldbeliketobeinthatperson’ssituation?Rushingtoofferastrugglingpersonlong－termadviceisawasteoftime.Instead,itmakesfarmoresensetohelpthemregaintheiremotionalbalance.Oncetheirears,heartandmindopen,you’llhaveanopportunitytoteachanewskill.Buthowdoweknowwhetherapersonneedsafishbeforeafishinglesson?Twothings:Oneistheabilitytopayattention.Weneedtoknowwhethertheotherpersonisopenandreceptive,orlookingattheworldthroughnarrowedeyes.Youcan’tjusttaketheirwordsbuthavetolookathowthepersonactsandwhattheydon’tsay.Theotherisempathy(共情).Themoresuccessfulyouare,theharderitistoimaginewhatitmustbeliketobetheopposite.Trytocreateasafeenvironmentforemotionalacceptancebeforethefishinglesson.【语篇解读】本文是议论文。人们总认为饥饿的人最需要的是食物，只有填饱肚子才能帮助他们平复因饥饿而产生的焦虑、困惑等消极因素，让他们愿意接受新思想，第二步才能教会他们智慧和方法。但是，人们往往忽视了第一步的重要性。8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toillustrateaconcept.B.Tobringinanewviewpoint.C.Tointroducethebackground.D.Toputupanexample.答案B[写作手法题。通读第一段并结合下文内容可知，该段从中国谚语“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”说起，引出本文的新观点：在别人饥饿时，当务之急是给他食物让他消除饥饿，这是关键的一步，却常被人忽略。]9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eradicating”meaninParagraph2?A.Gettingridof.B.Payingattentionto.C.Makingupfor.D.Puttingupwith.答案A[词义猜测题。根据第二段的“tofirstgivethepersonafish—eradicatingtheirhunger”并结合常识可知，当一个人挨饿的时候，不要给他灌输知识，而是先给他一条鱼，以消除他们的饥饿，然后再教他们钓鱼。据此可知，画线词意为“消除”。]10.Whatshouldwedofirstforthoseindisasters?A.Getthemtothinkstraight.B.Enhancetheirconfidence.C.Satisfytheirprimaryneeds.D.Teachthemanewskill.答案C[推理判断题。根据第二段的“Whenapersonis...teachhimtofish”可知，当一个人挨饿的时候，不要给他灌输知识，而是先给他一条鱼以消除他的饥饿，然后再教他钓鱼。据此可以推知，对于那些身陷灾难中的人，我们首先应当满足其基本需求。]11.Whichdoestheauthorprobablyagreewithaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Liveandlearn.B.Neverteachafishtoswim.C.Putyourselfinothers’shoes.D.Don’tteachanolddognewtricks.答案C[推理判断题。通读尾段可知，尾段指出确定一个人在上钓鱼课之前是否需要一条鱼，第一要看对方集中注意力的能力，要确定对方是开放的、乐意接受的；第二是要有同理心，即让对方在安全的环境中接受帮助。据此可知，尾段强调应当设身处地为别人着想，故C项正确。A项意为“活到老，学到老”；B项意为“不要班门弄斧”；D项意为“老古董学不会新东西”，都与文意不符。]Mostpeoplefindsugarhardtoresist.Ourbrainsneedlotsofenergyandsugaryfoodsprovideplentyofit.Butwhencaloriesaretooreadilyavailable,itiseasytooverdoit.Therehasbeennoshortageofresearchonsugarreplacementswithoutthecalories,butevidencefromanimalandhumanstudieshaslinkedsometoweightgain.OnepromisingalternativeisfoundinthefruitofSynsepalumdulcificum(神秘果),aplantnativetoWestAfrica.Theseso－calledmiracleberriesdon’ttastesugarythemselves,butifyoutrysomethingsourafterwardsitwilltasteunusuallysweet.InBenin,thefruitiseatenfreshandismostlyusedasasweetenertohavewithsourfoodsanddrinks,saysDèdéoufromauniversityinBenin.Theberrywithmiraculin(神秘果蛋白)isveryappreciatedbylocalconsumers,especiallythekidsandpeoplewithdiabetes(糖尿病).Despitethemiracleberry’spromiseasasugarreplacement,itisonlyproducedonalimitedscaleandisn’tavailableworldwide.Theberriesdon’ttravelwellandtheplantisslowtogrow.Tocreateanalternativesourceofmiraculin，researchersattheUniversityofTsukubainJapanhavegeneticallyengineeredtomatoestoproducetheprotein，butthisisn’tnecessary,saysTchokponhouéwhoseteamisworkingtohelpenlargetheproductionofmiracleberriesinWestAfrica.Earlierthisyear,ateamatHainanUniversityinChinapublishedthegenome(基因组)ofSynsepalumdulcificum,whichmayhelp.Spanishstart－upBaïaFoodhasplanstopromotesustainablegrowthoftheplantinGhanaandmarketthedriedberries.Youcanordertabletsoffreeze－driedmiracleberriesonlinebuttheyarepricey,costingaround￡18forapackof10.Ifyoucanaffordit,theberry’staste－twistingpowerisfuntotryathome.Letthetabletmeltonyourtongue,thentrytastingacidicfoodssuchaslemons.Theeffectshouldlastbetween15and60minutes.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。糖对人体有着一定的副作用，会导致体重增加。研究发现，非洲的一种浆果有一种特殊的蛋白质，和酸味食品搭配食用后会非常甜；日本的研究人员对西红柿进行了基因改造，以产生更多的特殊蛋白质；中国海南大学的一个研究团队也有了突破。12.WhatdoweknowaboutSynsepalumdulcificum?A.Itcontainshighcalories.B.Itisrelatedtoweightgain.C.Ittastesunusuallysweet.D.Itservesasasugarreplacement.答案D[细节理解题。根据第一段的“Onepromisingalternative...tasteunusuallysweet”可知，神秘果有望作为糖的替代品，因为它本身不含糖，但同酸的食品搭配食用时，会非常甜。]13.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Effortsmadetoobtainmoremiraculin.B.Genomepublishedtohelpdotheresearch.C.Creationadvocatedtoproducemiracleberries.D.Transformationsperformedtoengineertomatoes.答案A[段落大意题。通读第四段可知，为了生产更多的神秘果蛋白，日本的研究人员对西红柿基因进行了改造，中国海南大学的研究人员也对神秘果的基因进行了研究。据此可知，该段主要介绍人们对如何生产更多神秘果蛋白的研究。]14.Whatcanwesayabouttabletsoffreeze－driedmiracleberries?A.Theyaresour.B.Theyareinexpensive.C.Theyareaccessible.D.Theyareproductive.答案C[细节理解题。根据尾段的“Youcanordertabletsoffreeze－driedmiracleberriesonline”可知，这种冷冻干燥的神奇浆果片可以在网上购得，故这种产品是可以获得的。]15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetogettingthesugaralternative?A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic.C.Defensive. D.Conservative.答案B[观点态度题。根据尾段的“Youcanordertablets...Theeffectshouldlastbetween15and60minutes”可知，这种浆果可以网购获得，虽然价格昂贵，但是如果你能负担得起的话，在家里尝试这种浆果是很有趣的。据此可以推知，作者对这种糖的替代品持乐观态度。]Ⅱ.七选五Sciencefictiontelevisionhasdonealottoshapehowweviewthemealsofthefuture,fromaneveningdinnerinpillformtomachinesgivingusanymealwedesire,ondemand.__16__However,whiletheseideasforfoodcreationaremorethanfiftyyearsold,thewayweproduceandconsumefoodhasnotchangedverymuch.Eventhoughthereisenoughfoodavailabletodaytofeedtheworld,morethan870millionpeopledonothaveenoughtoeat.__17__Withtheglobalpopulationexpectedtogrowtomorethanninebillionby2050,demandforfoodwillonlyincrease.Nopillsormachineshavesolvedourfoodproblemsyet.However,agriculturalsciencehasbeenresponsibleforsavinghugenumbersoflives.Scienceandtechnologyhelpedusoutofstarvationduringthe1960sand1970swhentheworld’spopulationexploded.__18__Theresultofthispanicwasthe“greenrevolution”，whichsawtheintroductiontofarmingofhighproductiongrains,improvedirrigationsystemsandhybridseeds，savingoveronebillionpeoplefromstarvation.__19__Havingenoughfoodisonlythefirststep.Therearecomplicationswithnaturaldisasters,conflict,povertyandenvironmentalproblems.Allthesecanmeanthatthefoodsupplyisputatrisk.__20__Manypeopleareconcernedabout“playingaroundwithnature”，adjustinghowfoodlooksandtastesandsmells,andotherhumaninterference(干预),allofwhicharewidespread.Anyhow,theworldhasnotbeencompletelysavedfromstarvation,butweareonthewaytogettingthere.A.Agriculturalsciencewasquiteasuccess.B.Therearemanycomplexitieswhendealingwithfood.C.Modernscienceandtechnologyoffoodcontributesalot.D.Nobodywouldeverstarveiffoodwerethiseasytoobtain.E.Anditisunbelievablethathungerkillsmorepeoplethandiseasedoes.F.Thentherearetheissueswefacewhenitcomestofoodexperimentation.G.Atthattimescientistsweregenuinelyworriedthatwewouldrunoutoffood.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。面对粮食危机，科学家们努力研究新技术提高粮食产量，改进灌溉系统。但是，自然灾害、冲突、贫穷和环境问题都将使粮食供应处于危机之中。16.D[根据第一段第一句可知，科幻影片在很大程度上塑造了我们对未来饮食的看法，从药丸形式的晚餐，到按需为我们提供任何食物的机器。结合下文提及的世界上还有很多人挨饿的事实可知，空处承上启下，说明如果食物容易获得，则没有人会挨饿。]17.E[空前讲到尽管今天有足够的食物来养活全世界，但仍有超过8.7亿人没有足够的食物。据此可推知，全世界还有很多人在挨饿，空处承接上文，E项“而且难以置信的是因饥饿造成的死亡人数比疾病造成的还多”进一步说明粮食危机的严重性。]18.G[根据空前的“starvationduringthe1960sand1970swhentheworld’spopulationexploded”和空后的“panic”可知，在20世纪60年代和70年代，世界人口猛增引起了科学家们对粮食问题的担忧；据此可推知，空处与此对应，说明科学家们十分担心人们会吃完现有的粮食。]19.B[空处位于该段段首，为该段主题句。根据空后的“Havingenoughfood...environmentalproblems”可知，有足够的食物只是第一步。自然灾害、冲突、贫穷和环境问题是复杂的，常导致粮食危机。据此可知，该段主要陈述处理粮食危机时，有很多错综复杂的事情。]20.F[下文所说的是当涉及食物实验时所面临的问题，故F项“当涉及食物实验时，我们还面临着一些问题”符合语境。]A篇Para.2：contemporaryadj.当代的，现代的；属同时期的permanentadj.永久的，永恒的(be)devotedto献身于……；致力于……Para.4：originallyadv.起初，原来；独创地numerousadj.众多的，许多的Para.5：potentialadj.潜在的，可能的n.潜力，可能性B篇Para.1：abandonedadj.被抛弃的；废弃的arousev.引起，激起Para.2：tendto往往会……makeendsmeet使收支相抵；量入为出Para.3：passionateadj.热诚的，狂热的leaveadeepimpressionon给……留下深刻的印象C篇Para.2：ignorev.佯装未见，不理睬；忽视individualn.个人Para.3：overwhelmingadj.难以抗拒的，令人不知所措的Para.4：emotionaladj.情感的，情绪的；激动人心的Para.5：receptiveadj.(对新观点、建议等)愿意倾听的，乐于接受的D篇Para.1：shortagen.短缺，不足Para.3：availableadj.可用的，可获得的；有空的Para.4：alternativen.可供选择的事物，替代物adj.可供替代的enlargev.扩大，增大，放大Para.5：priceyadj.高价的，昂贵的D篇译文：为了创造一种神秘果蛋白的替代来源，日本筑波大学的研究人员对西红柿进行了基因改造，以产生这种蛋白质，但Tchokponhoué说这并不是必要的，他的团队正在努力帮助扩大西非神秘果的产量。三、50分阅读限时练备考指导：四选一阅读和七选五阅读作为新高考试卷中占总分值比例最大的题型，在英语高考试卷中的地位举足轻重。“得阅读者得高考”，本部分的答题速度和准确率将直接影响后面的答题。另外，阅读也是考生积累词汇和拓宽知识面的重要手段，因此足够量的训练至关重要。培优练(二十一)2025济南3月高三模拟考试40分钟Ⅰ.阅读理解Getreadytostartyourjourneytothebestpublicuniversitysystemintheworld—withjustoneapplication.ApplyformorethanoneUCcampusThiswillsignificantlyincreaseyourchancesofbeingadmittedtotheUCsystem.Whileyoumaynotreceiveanofferofadmissionfromyourfirst－choicecampus,allofourcampuses—withoutexception—provideoutstandingopportunitiesforyoutolearnandgrow.ApplyontimeYoucanfillouttheapplicationinasmanysessionsasyouwant.JustremembertosubmititbyNovember30forthefallterm.CreateanaccountAnemailaddressandanemailpasswordarerequiredinordertocreateanaccount.Youshouldusetheemailaccountyouuseforallapplications,sojustmakeiteasiertoremember.Wealsorecommendyouuseanon－schoolissuedemailaccounte.g.Gmail,Yahoo!Mail.Campusessendimportantandtime－sensitivecorrespondencetoapplicants,soyoushouldcheckyouremailregularlytofollowuponyourapplication.SaveinformationYoushouldclick“Save&Continue”atthebottomofeachpagetosaveanyenteredinformation—thereisa20－minuteinactivityperiodafterwhichtheapplicationwillautomaticallysignyouout.Ifyou’vesuccessfullyansweredallrequiredquestions,thepagewillbemarkedwithacheckmarkontheright－handside.ConfirmationOnceyou’vesubmittedyourapplication,you’llseeaconfirmationpagewithimportantremindersandyourUCapplicationIDnumberwhichisusedtoaccessthevariouscampuswebsitesand,inmanycases,toaccessyouradmissiondecisions.【语篇解读】本文是应用文。介绍了投递申请进入世界上最好的公立大学系统的步骤和流程。1.Whatshouldstudentsdotoincreaseadmissionchances?A.Submitapplicationsontime.B.Applyformultiplecampuses.C.Openmorethanoneaccount.D.Decideononeidealcampus.答案B[细节理解题。根据ApplyformorethanoneUCcampus部分中的第一句话可知，“This”指代的是“ApplyformorethanoneUCcampus”。由此可知，多申请几所大学可以增加被录取的几率。]2.Howcanstudentslearnaboutthelatestapplicationprocess?A.Bycheckingtheemail.B.Byvisitingthecampus.C.Bymakingphonecalls.D.Bycreatinganewaccount.答案A[细节理解题。根据Createanaccount部分中的“Campusessendimportant...followuponyourapplication”可知，学生们应该经常查看邮件来了解申请的最新动态。]3.Whatwillstudentsgetaftercompletingtheapplication?A.Acheckmark.B.Aconfirmationcall.C.A“Continue”button.D.AUCapplicationIDnumber.答案D[细节理解题。根据Confirmation部分中的“Onceyou’vesubmittedyourapplication...yourUCapplicationIDnumber”可知，提交申请后，你会看见一个确认页面，上面有一些重要的提示和你的UC申请身份号。]OnMondays,twoofmychildrengetreadyforschoolinanunusualway.Eachpacksplentyoffoodandwater,apairofrubberbootsandsometimesacupofhotchocolate.Then,Idropthemoffatanearbyparkwheretheyspendtheentiredayoutsideatacertifiedforestschool.WhenIfirstletthemsignupfortheforestschoolprogram,Ilovedtheidea,butasamum,Iwasconcernedaboutafewthings：Wouldtheybecomfortableoutsideforthatlong?Wouldtheystayengagedforthatmanyhours?ThenIaskedthemiftimeeverseemedtomoveslowly,theystaredatmeinconfusion.Theydidn’tunderstandmyquestion,whichfittinglyremovedmyconcern.Inthisprogram,kidsdirecttheirownplay，climbingtalltreesortestingiceonthefrozenlake.Theyarenevertoldtheirplayistoohighortoosharp,butarerathertrustedtoself－adjust.Somethingelsemysonsappreciateabouttheforestschoolisnotbeingtoldtomoveontothenextactivity,butbeinglefttostayinaparticularspotforaslongastheircuriosityallows.“Whataboutallthethingsthey’remissinginrealschool？”concernedparentshaveaskedme.Neitheroftheirclassroomteachersthinksit’saproblem,butmostsignificantly,mykidsarelearningnewanddifferentskillsthataclassroomcannotteach.Theyarelearningtositsilentlyandobservenatureupclose—askillthat’svirtuallyimpossibletodevelopinanoisyandovercrowdedclassroomsetting.Theyaremakingsocialconnectionsacrossabroaderrangeofagegroups.Theycooperatetogether,usingtheirdifferentsizesandstrengthstofulfillvariousroleswithintheirgames.Iappreciateitthattheforestschoolisshapingmyboys’relationshipwiththeoutdoors.They’relearninghowtospendextendedperiodsoftimeinnature,whattodotopassthetime,anddevelopingknowledgethatwillgetthemmuchclosertonatureinthecomingdecades.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文，主要讲述了作者的两个儿子在森林学校项目中的收获以及该项目的好处。4.Whatisspecialabouttheforestschoolprogram?A.Teachersengageinkids’play.B.Kidsplayandlearnoutdoors.C.Itfocusesonnatureprotection.D.Itoffersvariousfoodsanddrinks.答案B[细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句“Inthisprogram，kidsdirect...onthefrozenlake”和第四段中的“mykidsarelearningnewanddifferentskills...natureupclose”可知，在森林学校项目中，孩子们可以在户外玩耍，也可以在户外学习不同的技能。]5.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutkids’reactiontoherquestion?A.Awkward. B.Concerned.C.Relieved. D.Proud.答案C[观点态度题。根据第二段中的“theystaredatmeinconfusion...whichfittinglyremovedmyconcern”可知，孩子们困惑地看着作者，他们没弄明白作者的问题，这让作者消除了自己的担心。由此可以推断，孩子们对作者的问题的反应让作者感到很放心。]6.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Theconcernscausedbytheprogram.B.Thebenefitsgainedfromrole－play.C.Theskillsacquiredbychildren.D.Thegameslovedbyteachers.答案C[段落大意题。根据第四段中的“butmostsignificantly，mykidsarelearning...Theycooperatetogether”可知，本段主要讲到了孩子们从森林学校项目中学到的技能。]7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Nature：awonderlandfortheyoungB.TheforestschoolprogramprovesahitC.ParksarereplacingtraditionalschoolsD.Forestschool:afineplaceformykids答案D[标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了作者的两个儿子参加森林学校项目的故事和这个项目带来的好处，故D项“森林学校：我孩子的好去处”最适合作本文的标题。]Thereisnothingquitelikeenjoyingthesights，soundsandcultureofacitywhiletastingacupofcoffeeoutdoors.Butitisnotthatenjoyablewhenheatwavessweepthecity.AnoutdoorcoolingsystemproducedbyGreenKinonko,anIsraeli(以色列的)company,begantobetestedinTelAviv.Theswelteringcityisaperfectplacetotrythenewtechnology.Withglobalwarmingheatingupthetemperature,itwillsoonbetoohottositoutsideincafes.Whileoutdoorcoolingsystemshaveexistedforawhile,mostofthemusesomesortofwateroramistingsystemtocooltheairaroundthem,consumingtoomuchwaterandpower.Aftertwoyearsofdevelopment,theperfectsolutiontotheproblemwasfound.“Wehaveinventedanewgenerationofairconditioners，”GreenKinonko’sCEOLeizersaid.AsLeizerintroduced,theenergyisfromthepressurecreatedbetweenliquidnitrogen(氮)andgasnitrogen.Whenliquidnitrogenat－196℃turnsintogas,itproducesaverystrongpressureandthepressureisusedtorunamechanicalengine.Itisthemechanicalenginethatslowlyreleasesfreezingnitrogengastocooldowntheairaroundit.Thetechnologyisuniqueandamazing.Beyondthecoolnessoftheconcept,italsohasotheradvantages.Theworkunitdoesn’tneedtobepower－driven,anddoesn’tblowoutharmfulwarmairasitworks.Asforthepotentialprice,itwillprobablybenomoreexpensivethananyotherairconditioner.Inaddition,theliquidnitrogencontainerwillneedtobereplacedeveryseventotendays,dependingonusage.Thismakesitanaffordableoptionforallsortsofbusinesses.Thecoolingsystemisexpectedtobeonthemarketin2024.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。以色列一家公司研发出了一套新型户外冷却系统，该系统有望在2024年面世。8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sweltering”inParagraph1mean?A.Warm. B.Dry.C.Hot. D.Freezing.答案C[词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“Anoutdoorcoolingsystem...betestedin”可知，这个户外系统的功能是冷却，因此，如果该城市是试用这个户外冷却系统的最佳城市，那么可以推测这个城市肯定很热，故C项与画线词的意义最为接近。]9.Whatproblemdoestheexistingoutdoorcoolingsystemshave?A.Theyarewasteful.B.Theyoverheateasily.C.Theyoftenbreakdown.D.Theyareslowtocooltheair.答案A[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“mostofthemusesomesortofwater...consumingtoomuchwaterandpower”可知，现有的户外冷却系统会消耗太多的水电，由此可以推断，它们比较浪费。]10.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlyexplain?A.Whatpowerstheengine.B.Whatturnsliquidintogas.C.Howthepressureisformed.D.Howthenewsystemworks.答案D[段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，第三段主要解释了该新型冷却系统的整个运行原理。]11.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Topromoteacompany.B.Tosettleanenergycrisis.C.Tointroduceatechnology.D.Tomarketamistingsystem.答案C[写作意图题。本文第一段中的“Anoutdoorcoolingsystem...begantobetestedinTelAviv”点明文章主题；第二段讲述了现有的户外冷却系统的问题；第三段讲述了这种新型冷却系统的工作原理；第四段讲述了这种新型冷却系统的优势和前景。由此可知，本文的目的是介绍一种新技术。]Inconversationswithstrangers,peoplecommonlytendtothinktheyshouldspeaklessthanhalftheconversationtimetobelikable.Butwe’vediscoveredthisideaiswrong.Ourdatashowsthatpeopletendtothinktheyshouldspeakabout45%ofthetimetobelikableinaone－on－oneconversationwithsomeonenew.However,itappearsspeakingabitmoreisactuallyabetterstrategy.Inourresearch,werandomlyassignedpeopletospeakfor30%，40%，50%，60%ofthetimeinaconversationwithsomeonenew.Wefoundthatthemoretheyspoke,themoretheywerelikedbytheirnewpartners.Thiswasonlyonestudywith116participants，buttheoutcomeissupportedbyotherresearchers’findings.Forexample,apreviousstudyrandomlyassignedoneinapairtotakeontheroleof“speaker”andtheothertotakeontheroleof“listener”.Afterengagingin12－minuteinteractions,listenerslikedspeakersmorethanspeakerslikedlistenersbecauselistenersfeltmoresimilartospeakersthanspeakersdidtolisteners.Thisoutcomesuggeststhereasonpeoplepreferthosewhospeak:Learningmoreaboutanewpartnercanmakeyoufeellikeyouhavemoreincommonwithhimorher.Further,weassignedpeopletospeakforupto70%andeven90%ofthetime.Theresultshowsitisnotanidealstrategy.Ourresearchdoesnotsuggestpeopleholddownaconversationalpartnerbutratherthattheyfeelcomfortablespeakingmorethantheyusuallymight.Researchlikeourscanhelppeoplegainamorereasonableunderstandingofsocialinteractionswithnewpeopleandbecomemoreconfidentabouthowtomakeagoodfirstimpression.Ithastheobviousbenefitofallowingustocarefullycontrolspeakingtime.However，itdoesnotreflectmorenaturalconversations.Futureresearchshouldfigureoutwhetherourfindingscanbegeneralizedtomorenaturalinteractions.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现：与陌生人第一次交流时，可以适当多说话，这样可以给对方留下好印象。同时，本文还介绍了这项研究的好处和局限性。12.Whatisthecommonbeliefconcerningconversationswithstrangers?A.Speakingalittlelessispreferred.B.Speakinghalfthetimeisthebest.C.Listenersaremorelikablethanspeakers.D.Listenersfailtocontroltheconversations.答案A[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“peoplecommonlytendtothinktheyshouldspeaklessthanhalftheconversationtimetobelikable”可知，人们往往认为和陌生人说话时，自己说话的时间少于谈话时间的一半会讨人喜欢。]13.Howwastheresearchcarriedout?A.Byanalyzingspeakinghabits.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bylistingexamples.D.Bycollectingdata.答案B[写作手法题。根据第二段中的“werandomlyassignedpeople...themoretheywerelikedbytheirnewpartners”可知，研究人员通过说话比例来比较说话多少与喜欢程度之间的关系。]14.Whatisthedisadvantageoftheresearch?A.Theconversationtimeislimited.B.Furtherstudyishardtocontinue.C.Thefindingsarelesswidelyapplicable.D.Interactionswithstrangersaremissing.答案C[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However，itdoesnotreflectmorenaturalconversations”可知，这项研究不能反