第一单元（复习课件）六年级科学上学期期中复习（教科版）

微小世界第一单元教科版《科学》·六年级上册01知识概览02考点梳理{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}放大镜放大镜能把物体的图像放大，使我们看到物体的更多细节。放大镜又叫凸透镜，镜片是透明的，中央厚边缘薄，放大倍数与镜片的凸度有关。放大镜的凸度越大，放大倍数越大，视野范围越小。{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}怎样放得更大两个凸透镜平行组合可以使物体的图像放得更大。两个凸透镜平行组合之间的距离会影响图像的放大倍数和清晰度。用透镜组合而成的显微镜叫作光学显微镜。光学显微镜的基本结构包括目镜、物镜、调节旋钮、载物台和反光镜等。组合凸透镜中，上方的凸透镜相当于显微镜中的目镜；下方的凸透镜相当于显微镜中的物镜。用电子显微镜可把物体的图像放大约200万倍。{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}观察身边微小的物体同一个微小的物体在肉眼、放大镜和显微镜下观察到的图像大小及视野是不同的。显微镜的使用方法：安放→对光→上片→调焦→观察。肉眼/放大镜/显微镜观察下的视野区别：图像越来越大，视野越来越小。受昆虫启发的发明创造：(a)百叶窗样式控温系统（蝴蝶鳞片）；(b)蝇式气味分析监视仪、蝇眼照相机/雷达/探测系统。{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}观察洋葱表皮细胞细胞是生物体基本的结构和功能单位。除病毒等少数种类以外，生物体都是由细胞组成的。洋葱表皮是由细胞构成的。洋葱表皮细胞的结构特点：都有细胞壁，都有细胞核，都有细胞质。制作洋葱表皮玻片标本：滴→撕→展→盖→染→吸光学显微镜下观察的物体必须薄而透明；对因较厚而不便于观察的物体，必须制作切片。第一个发现细胞的人是英国科学家罗伯特·胡克。{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}观察更多的生物细胞自然界中的大多数生物体都是由细胞组成的。细胞是生物体最基本的结构和功能单位。（a）结构：各种功能不同的细胞结合在一起形成组织和器官。（b）功能：生物的呼吸、消化、排泄、生长、发育、繁殖、遗传等生命活动都是通过细胞进行的。自然界中的大多数生物体都是由多细胞组成的，称为多细胞生物。但也有一些生物，它们只有一个细胞，称为单细胞生物，比如草履虫、眼虫、喇叭虫、变形虫、太阳虫、细菌等。叶表皮上的气孔和叶肉细胞中的叶绿体是植物进行呼吸作用和光合作用很重要的场所。{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}观察水中微小的生物用显微镜能看到肉眼不能看到的微小的生物。荷兰的安东尼·范·列文虎克是世界上首次在显微镜下发现微生物的人。在水中生活着形态各异的微小的生物，他们也具有生物的特征：对环境有一定的需求，对外界的刺激有反应，会运动，能繁殖等。蘑菇、木耳是生活中可以直接看到的微生物。在显微镜下看到在水滴中运动着的就是微小的生物，它们也具有生命特征。判别是否为生物的方法：①是否需要一定的生活环境；②是否需要进食或自己进行光合作用制造食物；③是否需要呼吸；④是否排泄废物；⑤是否对外界刺激有应急表现；⑥是否有生殖现象等。{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}微生物与健康微生物在自然界中广泛存在，它与我们的生产、生活密切相关。人们发现有些微生物能提供食物或帮助我们生产食物，但有些微生物会引起霉变。人们利用病原微生物机器代谢产物制成的各种疫苗为预防、控制传染病的发生做出了巨大的贡献。人们利用一些微生物处理有机垃圾和污水。法国科学家路易斯·巴斯德是第一个把微生物和疾病联系起来的人。1928年，亚历山大·弗莱明发明了青霉素，从而使千万人免于受肺炎等疾病的侵染致死。疫苗是指以死亡或减毒的病原体制成的生物制品。疫苗被注入人体后，可刺激人体免疫系统产生抗体，达到预防传染病的目的。19世界英国医生爱德华·琴纳发现接种牛痘能让人获得对天花的免疫力，发明了世界上第一支疫苗。03例题讲解TeachingProcessSteps例题1借助________观察到电视机或计算机屏幕画面由________、________、________三种颜色组成。答案：放大镜；红；绿；蓝解析：观察电子屏幕，看到的应该是光的三原色：红、绿、蓝。例题2宇航员在空间站中往扁平的水膜中慢慢注入水后水膜变成了水球，如下图在这过程中（

）。A．凸度越来越大，放大倍数变大，观察到的视野范围变小B．凸度越来越大，放大倍数变大，观察到的视野范围变大C．凸度越来越大，放大倍数不变，观察到的视野范围变小D．凸度越来越大，放大倍数变小，观察到的视野范围变大答案：A例题3方形玻璃鱼缸甲和球形玻璃鱼缸乙中各养了一条小鱼。从容器侧面观察，两条小鱼大小相同。若两条小鱼从水中取出比较，发现（

）。A．甲中鱼大 B．乙中鱼大 C．两条鱼一样大答案：A解析：甲相当于玻璃，观察到的鱼不会变化；乙相当于凸透镜，观察到的鱼比原来大。所以实际乙