2025年新高考英语总复习筑基培优方案必修一 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元培优综合测试卷（解析版）

必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters单元培优综合测试卷

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

（2024·重庆·三模）ONECEREMONY,SEVERALFIRSTS

TheOpeningCeremonyofthe2024OlympicGameswillbebold,originalandunique.On26July2024,

Paris2024willofferanOpeningCeremonythatiscertaintojointhemostmemorablemomentsinOlympichistory.

Aceremonyoutsideastadium

ForthefirsttimeinthehistoryoftheOlympicSummerGames,theOpeningCeremonywillnottakeplacein

astadium.Paris2024isbreakingnewgroundbybringingsportsandtheOpeningCeremonyintothecity,settobe

heldintheheartofthecityalongitsmainriver:theSeine(塞纳河).

Aceremonyontheriver

Takingonanewlook,theparadeofathleteswillbeheldontheSeinewithboatsforeachnationaldelegation

(代表团).Theseboatswillbeequippedwithcamerastoallowtelevisionandonlineviewerstoseetheathletesup

close.Windingtheirwayfromeasttowest,the10,500athleteswillcrossthroughthecentreofParis.

Aceremonywithfreeadmissionformanyspectators

Holdingaceremonyopentoalargeaudience,withnoadmissionfeeformostofitsspectators,isamajor

first.Fanswon’tneedticketstoaccesstheupperquays(码头),butthosewishingtoaccessthelowerquayswill

needtobuytickets.Eightygiantscreensandstrategicallyplacedspeakerswillalloweveryonetoenjoythemagical

atmosphereofthisshowthroughoutParis.

Aceremonydesignedforandbyathletes

Byopeningwiththeparadeofathletes,Paris2024isbreakingwithtradition.Athleteswillbefeaturedon

stageduringtheintroductiontoandthroughouttheceremonyaspartofParis2024’sconstantaimtoholdGames

createdforandbyathletes.

1．WherewilltheOpeningCeremonyofParis2024beheld?

A．OnthequaysbesidetheSeine.

B．InthecitycenteralongtheSeine.

C．InastadiumneartheheartofParis.

D．OntheeasternandwesternendsofParis.

2．Whatdoweknowabouttheadmissionfee?

A．Noadmissionfeeisrequired.

B．Accesstothelowerquaysisfree.

C．Ticketsshouldbeboughtfortheupperquays.

D．Someviewerspayforwatchingtheceremony.

3．Whatisthemainideaofthistext?

A．ThehistoryoftheOlympics.B．TheprocedureofParis2024.

C．Thenovelpointsofaceremony.D．Thechargingrulesofaceremony.

【答案】1．B2．D3．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2024巴黎奥运会开幕式的创新点。

1．细节理解题。根据Aceremonyoutsideastadium部分中“Paris2024isbreakingnewgroundbybringingsports

andtheOpeningCeremonyintothecity,settobeheldintheheartofthecityalongitsmainriver:theSeine(塞纳

河).(2024年巴黎奥运会开创了新的局面，将体育和开幕式带入城市，将在城市中心的主要河流塞纳河沿岸

举行。)”可知，2024巴黎奥运会在城市中心、塞纳河畔举行。故选B。

2．细节理解题。根据第三个小标题“Aceremonywithfreeadmissionformanyspectators(许多观众可以免费入

场的仪式)”以及Aceremonywithfreeadmissionformanyspectators部分中“Fanswon’tneedticketstoaccessthe

upperquays(码头),butthosewishingtoaccessthelowerquayswillneedtobuytickets.(球迷不需要门票进入上

层码头，但那些希望进入下层码头的人将需要购买门票。)”可知，部分观众需要支付费用观看开幕式。故

选D。

3．主旨大意题。根据文章标题“ONECEREMONY,SEVERALFIRSTS(一个仪式，几个第一)”及文章中各个

小标题“Aceremonyoutsideastadium(体育场外的仪式)”、“Aceremonyontheriver(河上的仪式)”、“A

ceremonywithfreeadmissionformanyspectators(许多观众可以免费入场的仪式)”、“Aceremonydesignedfor

andbyathletes(为运动员设计的仪式)”可知，本文介绍了2024巴黎奥运会开幕式的新颖点。故选C。

B

（23-24高三上·黑龙江·期中）LivingontheFloridaEmeraldCoast,peopleviewahurricane(飓风)‘asa

commonthing.Soitisnotunusualforafamilytohaveseveralfullgascansandbottledwaterstoredintheirhouses

allsummer.

Thoughunwillingtoevacuate(撤离)fromahurricane,onSeptember15,myfamilywasforcedtoleaveour

homeformygrandfather’shouseseveralmilesaway.Wespenttheearlypartofthateveningwatchingthe

hurricanedrawcloserontheWeatherChannel.Aroundnineo’clock,aloudsoundshookthehouse,turnedoverthe

roofandcarrieditoff.Sooncameanindoorrainstorm.

Realizingthedamage,mygrandfatherbegantobeafraid.Thestormhadstarted,buthestillranoutintothe

heavyrainandwindtoseehowmuchoftheroofwasleft.Wegothimbackinside.Ihadneverseenhimsoscared.

Momfinallyaskedhimtoliedowninhisroom.

Theleak(渗漏)hadprogressedrapidly.Itsoonbecamearaceagainsttimetoprotectwhattobesaved.Some

peoplemaythinkitnecessarytosavematerialthings,butIhopedtosavethoseitemswithemotionalvalue,suchas

thephotos.Istillfearedthestorm,butImorefearedtheinfluenceitbrought.

Thenextmorning,itstartedtoclearup.Thankfully,myfamilycamesafelythroughthestorm,thoughthe

samecouldnotbesaidforthehouse.Onlythewoodenbeams(梁)remained,butinsidemanyofthethingswere

safe.MymomandIhadworkedtirelesslythroughthenight.

Itwaslate,butwewerestillunwillingtogotobed.Wediscussedtherebuildingofthehouse.Underthe

beautifulsky,wesuggestedlookingaftermygrandfathermoreofteninthefuture.Afterthisdisaster,Irealizedthe

truththatthehurricaneitselfwasnotsoterribleifwelovedeachother.

4．Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?

A．Manyresidentslivingnearthecoasttendtoleavetheplace.

B．Manyresidentsareunwillingtoprepareforhurricanes.

C．HurricanesoftenstriketheFloridaEmeraldCoast.

D．HurricanesseldomhittheFloridaEmeraldCoast.

5．Whydidtheauthor’sgrandfathergooutintotherainandwind?

A．Toprotectsomethingoutside.B．Toseetheconditionoftheroof.

C．Toavoidthedangerinthehouse.D．Toknowhowserioustherainwas.

6．Whatisthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?

A．Whytheauthorfearedthestorm.B．Howthestorminfluencedthehouse.

C．Howpeoplehelpedeachotherinthestorm.D．Whattheauthorwasreadytosavefromthestorm.

7．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph5mean?

A．Thehousecontainedmanyvaluablethings.B．Thehousewasdestroyedinthedisaster.

C．Thehousecouldbeeasytorepair.D．Thehousesurvivedthehurricane.

【答案】4．C5．B6．D7．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家度过飓风的经历，作者也在这次经历中意识到了亲情

的珍贵和强大。

4．推理判断题。根据第一段“LivingontheFloridaEmeraldCoast,peopleviewahurricane(飓风)‘asacommon

thing.Soitisnotunusualforafamilytohaveseveralfullgascansandbottledwaterstoredintheirhousesall

summer.(生活在佛罗里达翡翠海岸的人们认为飓风是一件很平常的事情。因此，一个家庭在整个夏天都有

几个装满汽油的罐子和瓶装水，这并不罕见)”可知，人们要储存汽油罐和瓶装水是为了为飓风做好准备，可

知飓风经常袭击佛罗里达翡翠海岸。故选C。

5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thestormhadstarted,buthestillranoutintotheheavyrainandwindtoseehow

muchoftheroofwasleft(暴风雨已经开始了，但他还是冒着大雨和大风跑了出去，看看屋顶还剩下多少)”，

可知作者的祖父冒着风雨出去是为了看看屋顶的状况。故选B。

6．段落大意题。根据第四段中“Somepeoplemaythinkitnecessarytosavematerialthings,butIhopedtosave

thoseitemswithemotionalvalue,suchasthephotos.Istillfearedthestorm,butImorefearedtheinfluenceit

brought.(有些人可能认为有必要保存物质上的东西，但我希望保存那些有情感价值的东西，比如照片。我仍

然害怕风暴，但我更害怕它带来的影响)”可知，第四段主要讲述作者准备从风暴中拯救什么。故选D。

7．词句猜测题。根据前半句“Thankfully,myfamilycamesafelythroughthestorm(谢天谢地，我的家人安全度

过了风暴)”，though表示前后的对比；以及后句“Onlythewoodenbeams(梁)remained(只剩下木梁了)”可知，

第五段中带下划线的句子thoughthesamecouldnotbesaidforthehouse是指房子在灾难中被毁了。A.The

housecontainedmanyvaluablethings房子里有许多贵重物品；B.Thehousewasdestroyedinthedisaster房子在

灾难中被毁了；C.Thehousecouldbeeasytorepair这所房子可能很容易修理；D.Thehousesurvivedthe

hurricane这所房子在飓风中幸存下来。故选B。

C

（2024·湖南长沙·三模）Rogues(疯狗浪),called“extremestormwaves”byscientists,arelarge,

unexpected,anddangerouswavesthatareatleasttwiceashighastheotherwavesaroundthem,accordingtothe

NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA).Theseabnormalwaves,whichhappeneverydayand

allovertheworld,arehighlyunpredictableandcandestroyshipsthatmeetwiththem.

Roguewavesappeartoformwhenlargeroughwavespassthroughoneanother,combiningtoformhuge

wallsofwater,accordingtoNOAA．However,whyandwheretheyappearisunclear.Butusing700years’worthof

oceandataincludinghistoricalrecordsanddatafrombuoys(浮标)in158locationsaroundtheworld,researchers

havenowcreatedasystemforpredictingthese“hugebeasts”.

“Theyarecausedbyacombinationofmanyfactorsthat,untilnow,havenotbeencombinedintoasingle

riskassessment,”saidleadauthorDionHäfner.Häfnerandhisco-workersmappedthefactorsthatmayleadto

roguewavesandusedAItomakeasinglemodelthatcoulddeterminethelikelihoodthataroguewavewillform.

Theteamtrainedaneuralnetworkusinghistoricalwavedata.Thisgeneratedasystemthatlearnedthe

causesofroguewavesbyitselfandcouldworktopredictthem.ButtheAI’smethodswerehidinablackbox.This

meansscientistscouldn’tknowhowtheAIdiditsworkings.SoHäfner’steamappliedanotherformofmachine

learning,whichproducedanequation(综合体)whenfeddata,ratherthanjustasingleprediction,helpingthe

researcherstounderstandhowtheAIreacheditspredictions.

“Ouranalysisdemonstratesthatabnormalwavesoccurallthetime.Infact,weregistered100,000wavesin

ourdatasetthatcanbedefinedasroguewaves,”Häfnersaid.Thissystemeffectivelyshowsthesignofarogue

wave,Häfneradded,andcanbetterprotectshipsfrombeingdestroyedasthesailaroundtheworld.Shipcompanies

canusethedevicewiththesystemtopredictwhenandwhereroguewavesmightarisetoseekanalternative

course.

8．Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?

A．Byusinganexample.B．Bygivingadefinition.

C．Bydrawingacomparison.D．Bymakinganassumption.

9．Whatcanthesystemdoaccordingtoparagraph2?

A．Monitorhugeseacreatures.B．Guideshipsaroundinthesea.

C．Preventrougewavesfromoccurring.D．Forecastthehittingofroguewaves.

10．WhatisthedisadvantageoftheAI’smethods?

A．Theyaren’tvisuallyavailable.B．Theydependontoomanyfactors.

C．Theymakeinaccuratepredictions.D．Theydon’tprocessdatasystematically.

11．HowdoesHäfnerfindthesystem?

A．Itrequiresmorefieldtests.B．Ithasbeenwidelyused.

C．Itneedsfurtherimprovement.D．Ithasapromisingfuture.

【答案】8．B9．D10．A11．D

【导语】本文是说明文。“疯狗浪”被科学家称为“极端风暴波”，是一种巨大的、意想不到的、危险的海浪。

研究人员发明了一个系统，该系统可以有效显示“疯狗浪”的迹象，更好地保护在世界各地航行的船只免受破

坏。

8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Rogues(疯狗浪),called“extremestormwaves”byscientists,arelarge,

unexpected,anddangerouswavesthatareatleasttwiceashighastheotherwavesaroundthem,accordingtothe

NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA).Theseabnormalwaves,whichhappeneverydayand

allovertheworld,arehighlyunpredictableandcandestroyshipsthatmeetwiththem.(据美国国家海洋和大气管

理局称，“疯狗浪”被科学家称为“极端风暴波”，是一种巨大的、意想不到的、危险的海浪，其高度至少是周

围其他海浪的两倍。这些异常的海浪在世界各地每天都有发生，非常难以预测，可能会摧毁遇到它们的船

只。)”再结合下文中关于“疯狗浪”的介绍可知，作者主要通过对“疯狗浪”下定义来引入话题。故选B。

9．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“whyandwheretheyappearisunclear…researchershavenowcreatedasystem

forpredictingthese‘hugebeasts’.(它们出现的原因和地点尚不清楚。但是，利用700年来的海洋数据，包括

历史记录和来自世界各地158个地点的浮标数据，研究人员现在创建了一个预测这些“巨兽”的系统。)”可知，

疯狗浪出现的原因和地点尚不清楚，因此，研究人员创建了一个系统来预测这些“巨兽”。故选D。

10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ButtheAI’smethodswerehidinablackbox.Thismeansscientistscouldn’t

knowhowtheAIdiditsworkings.(但人工智能的方法隐藏在一个黑盒子里。这意味着科学家无法知道人工智

能是如何工作的。)”可知，人工智能的方法被藏在一个黑箱里，这意味着科学家无法知道人工智能是如何工

作的。故选A。

11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thissystemeffectivelyshowsthesignofaroguewave,Häfneradded,and

canbetterprotectshipsfrombeingdestroyedasthesailaroundtheworld.Shipcompaniescanusethedevicewith

thesystemtopredictwhenandwhereroguewavesmightarisetoseekanalternativecourse.(Häfner补充说：“该

系统可以有效地显示异常浪的迹象，并且可以更好地保护航行在世界各地的船只。船只公司可以使用该设

备和该系统来预测何时何地可能出现异常海浪，以寻求替代航线。”)”可知，他认为这个系统有着很好的发

展前景。故选D。

D

（2024·广西南宁·二模）InJapan,thenewyearbeganwithdisasterasa7.5magnitudeearthquakestruckthe

NotoPeninsula(能登半岛)onthecountry’swesternedgeonMonday.Morethan2,000activefaultlines(断层线)

liebeneathJapan,makingitoneofthemostearthquake-pronecountriesintheworld.

Manyscientistshavelongconsideredearthquakeforecastingtobeimpossible.Butgivenrecentimprovements

inartificialintelligence,someresearchershavebeenstudyingwhetherthatcouldchange.

Lastfall,researchersattheUniversityofTexasatAustinincreasedsuchhopesforearthquakepredictionwith

aseven-monthtrialinChina.Inall,thealgorithm(演算法)successfullyforecast14earthquakes,eachwithinabout

200milesofitsactualepicenter(震中).Meanwhile,itmissedonequakeandpredictedeightthatneverhappened.

ThetrialwaspartofaninternationalA．I.-designcompetition,oneofafewsucheventsheldinrecentyearsto

advanceearthquakepredictiontechnologies.

SergeyFomel,ageoscientistatUTAustinandamemberoftheresearchteam,saysinastatement.“We’renot

yetclosetomakingpredictionsforanywhereintheworld,butwhatweachievedtellsusthatwhatwethoughtwas

animpossibleproblemissolvableinprinciple.”

Additionally,machinelearningcouldhelpdetecthiddenpatternsindataorcollectmoredatatobetterinform

earthquakeforecasting,HutchisonwritesforMITTechnologyReview.Forexample,someresearchersareshowing

howA．I.mightuserecordingsfromaspecificseismicsitetoanticipateanearthquake’smagnitude.Oneteamhas

builtandtrainedneuralnetworkstopredictwhereaftershocksmayoccurafteraninitialstrike.Andothersareusing

machinelearningtoidentifyandextractseismicwaves—thevibrationsthatspreadthroughtheearthduringtectonic

activity(构造活动)—fromothernoisesintheground.

12．What’sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A．Toexplainaconcept.B．Tointroduceanewtopic.

C．Tosupplyasummary.D．Toprovideanexample.

13．Whatmadesomeresearchersoptimisticabouttheearthquakeforecasting?

A．Therecentprogressintheories.B．Theuseoftraditionalmethods.

C．Theincreasingnumberofearthquakes.D．Theadvancementsinartificialintelligence.

14．Whatdoweknowfromthethirdparagraph?

A．ThetrialwasconductedbyChinese.B．Thealgorithmwastotallysuccessful.

C．A．I.showspromiseinearthquakeprediction.D．TheA．I.competitiononlyfocusedonearthquakes.

15．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A．Japan’sVulnerabilitytoEarthquakesB．HelperinPredictingEarthquakes—A．I.

C．TheImpossibilityofEarthquakePredictionD．InternationalEffortstoPredictEarthquakes

【答案】12．B13．D14．C15．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了经过试验发现，人工智能在地震预测方面大有前途，并给出详

细的例子。

12．推理判断题。根据第一段“InJapan,thenewyearbeganwithdisasterasa7.5magnitudeearthquakestruckthe

NotoPeninsula(能登半岛)onthecountry’swesternedgeonMonday.Morethan2,000activefaultlines(断层线)

liebeneathJapan,makingitoneofthemostearthquake-pronecountriesintheworld.(在日本，新的一年从灾难中

开始，周一，该国西部边缘的诺托半岛发生了7.5级地震。日本地下有2000多条活动断层带，使其成为世

界上地震最频繁的国家之一)”可推知，第一段的作用是引入一个新话题。故选B。

13．细节理解题。根据第二段“Butgivenrecentimprovementsinartificialintelligence,someresearchershavebeen

studyingwhetherthatcouldchange.(但鉴于最近人工智能的进步，一些研究人员一直在研究这种情况是否会改

变)”可知，人工智能的进步让一些研究人员对地震预报持乐观态度。故选D。

14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Inall,thealgorithm(演算法)successfullyforecast14earthquakes,eachwithin

about200milesofitsactualepicenter(震中).Meanwhile,itmissedonequakeandpredictedeightthatnever

happened.(该算法总共成功预测了14次地震，每次地震都在震中200英里以内。与此同时，它错过了一次地

震，并预测了8次从未发生的地震)”可知，人工智能在地震预测方面大有前途。故选C。

15．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Manyscientistshavelongconsideredearthquakeforecastingtobeimpossible.But

givenrecentimprovementsinartificialintelligence,someresearchershavebeenstudyingwhetherthatcould

change.(许多科学家一直认为地震预报是不可能的。但鉴于最近人工智能的进步，一些研究人员一直在研究

这种情况是否会改变)”结合文章主要说明了经过试验发现，人工智能在地震预测方面大有前途，并给出详细

的例子。可知，B选项“预测地震的帮手——人工智能”最符合文章标题。故选B。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

（2024·重庆·模拟预测）Thissummer,climatechangecontinuestopushEarth’sweathertoextremes.

16Weinvitesomeexpertstodiscussthesciencebehindexercisingintheheat,howtokeepyourbodysafe,

andwhattodoifyoususpectyouorsomeoneyou’rewithhasheatexhaustion.

17Ifyouhadaheavymeallikeacheeseburger,you’llwanttowaittwotothreehoursbeforeyour

hotoutdoorexercise,sincethatfatandprotein-richmealwilltakeevenlongertomovethroughthedigestive

process.Shouldyoueatafterthathotrun?No.Youcanhydraterightaway,butwaituntilyou’vecooledofftoeat.

That’sbecausedigestingfoodwilldelaygettingyourbodybacktoitsusualtemperature.

Protectyourskin—it’sthebody’scoolingsystem.Yourskinandrelatedtissuesareincrediblydesignedto

movewarmbloodawayfromyourcoretokeepyourvitalorganscool.Anydamagetoyourskinortheunderlying

tissuepreventsyourbodyfrombeingabletoairconditionitself.Toprotectyourskin,startwithsunscreen.

18.

Wearmaterialsthatwillhelpyourbodybreathe.19Wearsweat-wickingathleticclothingthat

allowsyourskintocool.Avoidmaterialslikecottonthatbasicallykeeptheheatclosetoyourbody.

Hydratebefore,duringandafterexercise.Dehydrationcanreallyhappentoyou.20Besides,keep

drinkingwhileyou’reworkingout.

A．Don’teatrightbeforeyouheadout.

B．Trymoreheat-friendlyformsofexercise.

C．Thetypeofsuitableclothingyouwearcanalsohelpyoustaycool.

D．Buthighoutsidetemperaturesinadryclimatecanalsobedangerous.

E．IsadaytimerunorbikerideinhotsummerweatherOKforourbodies?

F．Andconsiderwearingsun-protectiveclothingthatblocksthesun,andincludeahat.

G．Makesureyouaredrinkingwateratleastanhourbeforeyouheadouttoexercise.

【答案】16．E17．A18．F19．C20．G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些高温天气下在户外锻炼的建议。

16．根据上文“Thissummer,climatechangecontinuestopushEarth’sweathertoextremes.(今年夏天，气候变化

继续将地球的天气推向极端)”以及后文“Weinvitesomeexpertstodiscussthesciencebehindexercisinginthe

heat,howtokeepyourbodysafe,andwhattodoifyoususpectyouorsomeoneyou’rewithhasheat

exhaustion.(我们邀请了一些专家来讨论在高温下运动背后的科学，如何保证你的身体安全，以及如果你怀疑

你或你的伴侣患有中暑该怎么做)”可知，本句主要过渡句，引出炎热天气是否适合运动的疑问。故E选项“在

炎热的夏天白天跑步或骑自行车对我们的身体好吗？”符合语境，故选E。

17．根据后文“Ifyouhadaheavymeallikeacheeseburger,you’llwanttowaittwotothreehoursbeforeyourhot

outdoorexercise,sincethatfatandprotein-richmealwilltakeevenlongertomovethroughthedigestiveprocess.

Shouldyoueatafterthathotrun?No.Youcanhydraterightaway,butwaituntilyou’vecooledofftoeat.That’s

becausedigestingfoodwilldelaygettingyourbodybacktoitsusualtemperature.(如果你吃了一顿像芝士汉堡这

样的大餐，你会想等两到三个小时再进行户外运动，因为富含脂肪和蛋白质的大餐需要更长的时间才能通

过消化过程。热跑之后你应该吃东西吗？不。你可以马上补充水分，但要等到身体冷却后再吃。这是因为

消化食物会延迟你的身体恢复正常体温)”可知，本段的建议是出门前不要吃太多东西。故A选项“出门前不

要吃东西”符合语境，故选A。

18．根据本段主旨句“Protectyourskin—it’sthebody’scoolingsystem.(保护你的皮肤——这是身体的冷却系

统)”可知，本段主要建议保护皮肤。前文“Toprotectyourskin,startwithsunscreen.(为了保护你的皮肤，从防

晒霜开始)”讲述了可以使用防晒霜来保护皮肤，空处应是其他保护皮肤的方式，F项“并考虑穿宽松、轻便、

能遮挡阳光的衣服。”建议穿有防晒作用的衣服，符合题意。故选F。

19．根据上文“Wearmaterialsthatwillhelpyourbodybreathe.(穿有助于身体呼吸的衣服)”以及后文“Wear

sweat-wickingathleticclothingthatallowsyourskintocool.Avoidmaterialslikecottonthatbasicallykeepthe

heatclosetoyourbody.(穿吸汗的运动服，让皮肤降温。不要穿棉质之类的衣服，因为它们能让热量接近你的

身体)”可知，本段主要就穿的衣服提出了建议，C选项中clothing对应后文clothing。故C选项“选择合适的

衣服也能让你保持凉爽”符合语境，故选C。

20．根据上文“Hydratebefore,duringandafterexercise.Dehydrationcanreallyhappentoyou.(在运动前、运动

中和运动后补充水分。脱水真的会发生在你身上)”可知，本句主要是建议补充水分。故G选项“确保你在出

门锻炼前至少一个小时喝水”符合语境，故选G。

第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

（2024·广东肇庆·二模）ElmerWhitakersighedashelookedoverhismuddycrops.Aterrible21

hadsweptthroughhisfarmthenightbefore,andhiscropswerenowcoveredin22anddestroyed.His

neighbor,akindyoungmannamedThomas,23toofferhishelp.

"Whatadisaster,“Whitakersaid.”Mywholefamilyhasalwayssurvivedontheharvestsofthisfield.Ifeel

24anddon'tknowwhattodonow.

Thomascalmedhimdownandthoughtforamoment.“Iseethisnotasadisasterbutasan25,”

hesaid.Whitakerlookedathim26.“Howcanitbe?”heasked.Thomassmiled27,“Nowyou

haveachancetotrysomethingnew.You’vealwaysgrownbeansandcabbages.Whynottryplanting28

cropsthatwillalsofitinthissoil?Youcandiversifyandtherefore29yourfarmonceagain.”

ElmerWhitakerconsideredthis.Thomaswasright-hehadbecomesetinhisways.Thisdisastercouldpush

himtomakehisfarm30andsustainableinanewway.“Youhave31me,”Whitakersaid.He

clappedThomasontheback.“Thankyouforshowingmetheopportunityinthisdifficulty.”

AndsoWhitaker32newcropsandsoon,thefarmwasfulloflifeagain.Farmersfrom

neighboringtownswere33withthewonderofWhitaker’sfields,andtheybeganto34their

cropsaswell.ElmerWhitaker’sfarmhasbecomea35ofadaptabilityandhope,tellingeveryonethatin

everystorm,thereisachancefornewgrowth.

21．A．forceB．smokeC．warD．storm

22．A．mudB．grassC．mistD．dust

23．A．wentonB．setoffC．camebyD．burstin

24．A．specialB．desperateC．sensitiveD．tireless

25．A．opportunityB．agreementC．intentionD．element

26．A．asusualB．indisbeliefC．onpurposeD．withpride

27．A．innocentlyB．gratefullyC．politelyD．cheerfully

28．A．majorB．traditionalC．differentD．natural

29．A．restoreB．exchangeC．donateD．abandon

30．A．formalB．diverseC．realisticD．obvious

31．A．informedB．demandedC．enlightenedD．promised

32．A．tastedB．plantedC．sharedD．received

33．A．carefulB．troubledC．familiarD．impressed

34．A．diversifyB．removeC．deliverD．observe

35．A．mannerB．dreamC．symbolD．cause

【答案】21．D22．A23．C24．B25．A26．B27．D28．C29．A30．B

31．C32．B33．D34．A35．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了ElmerWhitaker的农场受灾后，开始多样化种植作物，Elmer

Whitaker的农场已经成为适应性和希望的象征，告诉每个人，在每一次风暴中，都有新的成长机会。

21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：前一天晚上，一场可怕的风暴席卷了他的农场，他的庄稼现在被泥土覆盖，

被摧毁了。A.force武力；B.smoke烟雾；C.war战争；D.storm风暴，暴风雨。根据前文的“helookedover

hismuddycrops”和后文的“Whatadisaster”可知，这是一场灾难，而且灾难过后庄被泥土覆盖，所以结合选

项可知，storm意思合适。故选D项。

22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：前一天晚上，一场可怕的风暴席卷了他的农场，他的庄稼现在被泥浆覆盖，

被摧毁了。A.mud泥浆；B.grass草；C.mist雾；D.dust灰尘。根据前文的“helookedoverhismuddycrops”

可知，Whitaker看着泥泞的庄稼，所以他的庄稼现在被泥浆覆盖。故选A项。

23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的邻居，一个名叫Thomas的善良的年轻人，过来帮忙。A.wenton继续；

B.setoff出发；C.cameby过来；D.burstin闯进。根据前文的“hiscropswerenowcoveredin2anddestroyed”

和后文“toofferhishelp”可知，他的庄稼现在被泥浆覆盖，被摧毁了，所以一个名叫Thomas的善良的年轻

人过来帮忙。故选C项。

24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到绝望，不知道现在该怎么办。A.special特殊的；B.desperate绝望

的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.tireless不知疲倦的。根据前文的“hiscropswerenowcoveredin2anddestroyed”

和“Mywholefamilyhasalwayssurvivedontheharvestsofthisfield”可知，他的庄稼现在被泥土覆盖，被摧毁

了，他的全家一直靠这片田地的收成生存，所以他感到绝望。故选B项。

25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我认为这不是灾难，而是机会，”他说。A.opportunity机会；B.agreement

协议；C.intention意图；D.element要素。根据后文的“Nowyouhaveachancetotrysomethingnew.”可知，

现在有机会尝试新事物，所以Thomas认为这不是灾难，而是机会。故选A项。

26．考查固定短语辨析。句意：Whitaker难以置信地看着他，问道:“这怎么可能？”A.asusual和往常一样；

B.indisbelief难以置信；C.onpurpose故意地；D.withpride骄傲地。根据后文的“Howcanitbe?”可知，

Whitaker认为这不可能，觉得难以置信。故选B项。

27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Thomas高兴地笑着说:“现在你有机会尝试新事物了。你总是种豆子和卷心

菜。为什么不尝试种植适合这种土壤的不同作物呢？你可以多样化，从而再次恢复你的农场。”A.innocently

无辜地；B.gratefully感激地；C.politely礼貌地；D.cheerfully高兴地。根据前文的“smiled”和后文“Nowyou

haveachancetotrysomethingnew”可知，Thomas认为现在Whitaker有机会尝试新事物了，所以高兴地笑着

说。故选D项。

28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Thomas高兴地笑着说:“现在你有机会尝试新事物了。你总是种豆子和卷

心菜。为什么不尝试种植适合这种土壤的不同作物呢？你可以多样化，从而再次恢复你的农场。”A.major

主要的；B.traditional传统的；C.different不同的；D.natural自然的。根据后文的“Youcandiversify”可知，

Thomas建议Whitaker多样化种植，即种植不同的作物。故选C项。

29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thomas高兴地笑着说:“现在你有机会尝试新事物了。你总是种豆子和卷心

菜。为什么不尝试种植适合这种土壤的不同作物呢？你可以多样化，从而再次恢复你的农场。”A.restore恢

复；B.exchange交换；C.donate捐赠；D.abandon放弃。根据前文的“andhiscropswerenowcoveredin2and

destroyed”和后文“yourfarmonceagain”可知，Whitaker的庄稼现在被泥浆覆盖，被摧毁了，所以此处指尝试

种植适合这种土壤的不同作物，从而再次恢复农场。故选A项。

30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这场灾难可能会促使他以一种新的方式使他的农场多样化和可持续发展。

A.formal正式的；B.diverse多样的；C.realistic现实主义的；D.obvious明显的。根据前文的“Youcandiversify”

和“Thomaswasright-hehadbecomesetinhisways.”可知，Thomas建议Whitaker多样化种植，Whitaker认为

Thomas是对的，应该使他的农场多样化。故选